Availability

of corpora and tools will transform

even if there is resistance
probably in ways we dont imagine now

The Turkish music case

an engineers fieldwork in
Turkish music community

courage of the ignorant

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt

Target (2007): Contributing to development of publicly accessible resources:
corpora and tools to build the relationships and triggering some computational
musicology studies for OTMM. -> accessibility

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 2

Resistance: It is like fog, you cannot grab it, you
cannot measure it

- No standard reference tuning frequency/ diaposon

(ahenk system)
- Heterophony
- Microtonal intervals, local and individualistic
variations
- Frequent use of ornamentations
- Problems of a Western influenced theory and hence
theory-practice mismatches
- Unavailability of databases
- The context that cannot be infiltrated

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 3

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 4
Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 5
 Once the tonic is found, the
theoretical template can be
dropped and a new template can
be computed from many recordings
aligned to the same tonic

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt

 Case study: Tuning analysis

Analysis software: Makam Toolbox(Matlab), MakamBox(Java)

Used in 5 thesis studies in conservatories until today

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 7

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 8
 !!! Heterophony,
microtonality,
ambiguity in notation

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 9

 http://dunya.compmusic.upf.edu
Availability of databases and tools triggers new paths, new research problems
entrk, 2017

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 10

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 11
Thanks to CompMusic project and some other National (TUBITAK) funded
projects, large enough collections are now publicly available

MP3

entrk, 2017
For papers, data and tools: http://compmusic.upf.edu/senturk2016thesis

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt 12

X. Serra. "Creating Research Corpora for the Computational Study of
Music: the case of the CompMusic Project", AES 53rd International
Conference: Semantic Audio, January 27-29th 2014, London (UK).

Purpose: Define the research problem and then collect.

Coverage: Include data representative of all the concepts to be studied.

Enough samples of each instance for the data to be statistically significant.

Completeness: In each corpus every audio recording is complemented with a

set of data fields and the idea of completeness relates to the percentage of
fields filled,
thus how complete the corpus is.

Quality: The data has to be of good quality.

Reusability: The research results have to be reproducible

Ottoman-Turkish Makam Music Studies, Bar Bozkurt