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atomic number being the highest priority (#1), followed by rotation of the molecule so the lowest priority (#4)
is facing away from you. If viewing the highest priority to the next highest priority is clockwise, then this is an
R configuration. If the view is counterclockwise, then the configuration is an S.
Example:
4 3 4 2
2 rotate so #4 is H
H H3C OH 3 2
HO facing away
CH3
3
OCH3
OCH3
1 1
1
Br Cl I
H
R R CH2CH3
F
CH3
F H
H R
H3 C
Cl Br S
H CH3 OH
NH2 F H NH2
H
I R
S Cl
R
H3C Cl
C H2CH3 CH 2C H3 Br
S CH3 H C H3
C H3
H CH3 OH Br
S R R R
F CH 3 H Cl H 3CH 2C CH3 F Cl
OH Br F H
Comparing two molecules: Either assign R versus S to each configuration or rotate the Fischer
Projections so the centers can be evaluated for matching or not matching.
The Same: all centers match (R versus S, or by alignment of the Fischer Projection)
Enantiomers: all centers are completely the opposite (R versus S or by not being able to completely align the
Fischer Projection)
Diastereomers: some centers completely match while other centers do not.
Answers to Problems:
H enantiomers Br F same NH 2
OH CH2CH3 NH 2 Cl
H same Br
H enantiomers Cl
Cl
I OH
H3C
H3C Br H3 C
H HO H
CH3 I
H enantiomers OH F enantioomers
H F
S R S
Cl Br H3C F Cl H
H2N
S R
S R R Cl
H3 C F Cl Br H2N CH 3
H H3 C H
OH H