Classes of Concrete

Class of concrete (nominal test cylinder diameter 15 cm, height 30 cm / cube 15 cm

x 15 cm x 15 cm

strength, each 28 days after mixing), according to DIN EN 206:

1. C8/10 8/10 MPa (B10 according to old DIN EN 1992-1-1 Eurocode 2)

2. C12/15 12/15 MPa (B15 according to old DIN EN 1992-1-1
Eurocode 2)
3. C20/25 20/25 MPa (B25 according to old DIN EN 1992-1-1
Eurocode 2)
4. C30/37 30/37 MPa (B35 according to old DIN EN 1992-1-1
Eurocode 2)
5. C35/45 35/45 MPa (B45 according to old DIN EN 1992-1-1
Eurocode 2)
6. C45/55 45/55 MPa (B55 according to old DIN EN 1992-1-1
Eurocode 2)

Concrete Classes

The different classes of concrete shall be used as follows:

C8/10 for plain concrete only for fill in trenches, for blinding and for screed
C12/15 for plain and reinforced concrete for screed and encasements
C20/25 for reinforced concrete in civil structures not in contact with
water, wastewater, sludge,
digester gas, for reinforced concrete for thrust blocks, etc.
C30/37 for watertight reinforced concrete in contact with water, wastewater,
sludge, digester gas,etc., and where especially directed by the
Engineer.
C35/45 for precast concrete structures
C45/55 for prestressed precast concrete structures

Concrete structures shall be designed, reinforced and poured and cured to limit
crack width under

working load:

1. The maximum allowed crack width is 0.2 mm in the service ability limit state
(structures filled with
water to maximum design water level and with soil back-filled if any. The ground
water level and the
pressure from the surrounding soil should in this state be stipulated with low
values).
2. Even though the crack widths normally are calculated in the serviceability limit
state only, the
maximum allowed crack width is 0.3 mm in a state where structures either are filled
with waterwithout any surrounding soil or structures are empty only taking the full
pressure from the soil and
ground water.
3. The partial safety factor, f, for water pressure shall be 1.0 and for earth pressure
1.4 in this state.
4. Where the external restraint factor R is greater than zero, a minimum amount of
reinforcement for
reduction of crack widths shall be placed.
5. For concrete water or sludge tanks, the minimum concrete pressure zone either
inside or outside
face of the wall shall be 5 cm, or, if aggregate is used with a grain size >32 mm:
max. aggregate grain
size +2 cm.
6. In order to incorporate the effects from thermal action, shrinkage and creep the
Contractor should
make the construction joints in accordance with the approved Drawings. No other
joints will be
allowed. The Contractor shall make his structural documentation in accordance with
this layout.

STANDARDS

Loading Assumptions
-DIN EN 1991-1-1 Loading assumptions
Cement
-DIN EN 197-1 Cement
-DIN EN 196-1 Testing method for cement
-EN 197 Consistency of and requirements on cement
-DIN EN 14216 Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for
massive concrete
low heat cements
-DIN EN 197-1 Cement - Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for low
early strength
low heat cements
Aggregates
-DIN EN 12620 Concrete aggregates
-EN 932/933 Tests for general properties of aggregates
-EN 1097 Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates
-EN 1367 Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates
-EN 1744 Tests for chemical properties of aggregates
-DIN EN 12620 Aggregates for concrete
-ISO 6782 Aggregates for concrete
Water for Concrete
-DIN 4030 Evaluation of water aggressivity to concrete
-DIN EN 1008 Mixing water for concrete Specification for sampling, testing and
assessing the
suitability of water
Concrete
ACI 305 Hot Weather Concreting
DIN EN 1536 Concrete foundation piles
DIN EN 1992-1-1 Eurocode2:Structures from concrete, reinforced and
prestressed concrete
E DIN 1045-2 Concrete material and technology
E DIN 1045-3 Concrete construction of the works
DIN 1048 Quality tests of concrete
DIN 4126 Concrete made slotted wall
DIN EN 1992-1-1 Eurocode2: Design of concrete structures
DIN 4235 Concrete compacting
DIN EN 450-1 Fly ash for concrete
DIN 28217 Concrete faces
DIN 52170-1 Concrete mixture ratio
DIN EN ISO 15148 Concrete water intake capacity coefficient
EN 206 Concrete characteristics, production, conformity
EN 450/451 Fly ash for concrete
ENV 1992 Eurocode EC 2 for reinforced and prestressed concrete
Quality Control
DIN 1045-2 Quality control of concrete
DIN ISO 4109 Fresh concrete: consistency tests
EN 12350 Fresh concrete tests
EN 12390 Hardened concrete tests
EN 12504 Concrete bore core tests
DIN EN 13791Assessment of concrete compressive strength in structures or
in structural elements
ISO 1920 Concrete tests - dimensions and tolerances
ISO 1920-1 Concrete tests making of test specimens
ISO 1920-4 Determination of compressive strength of concrete test
specimens
-ISO 1920-2 Fresh concrete compaction index
ISO 1920-2 Determination of air content of fresh concrete
ISO 1920-5 Determination of density of hardened concrete
ISO 1920-2 Determination of compacted fresh concrete
ISO 9812 Flow test of fresh concrete
Concrete Repair
EN 1504/1542 Products and systems for concrete repair
 EN 1799/1877 Products and systems for concrete repair
EN 12190 Compression strength of repair mortars
Admixtures / Additives
EN 480/934 Concrete admixtures
Alkali-Silica Test Methods
ASTM C 227 Standard test method for potential alkali-silica reactivity of
cement-aggregate
combinations (mortar-bar method)
ASTM C 289 Standard test method for potential alkali-silica reactivity of
aggregates (chemical
method)
ASTM C 1260 Standard test method for potential alkali-silica reactivity of
aggregates combinations
(mortar-bar method)
Type of Cement
Requirements of Portland cement (CEM I) class CE I32.5, 42.5 or 52.5 in
accordance to EN 197.
Sulphate-resisting cement shall be used for infrastructure works and structures
exposed to wastewater
and sludge as specified in EN 197.

Grading of Aggregates
The grading of aggregates shall comply with DIN13139.
Proportions of Materials
The proportions of cement, fine and coarse aggregates and water proposed by the
Contractor for the
use in the Works shall be determined in accordance with the requirements set in
DIN EN 1992-1-1
Eurocode 2.