1. Research the following foundation types and draw sketches of each one.

Describe the conditions under which each might be used.

Typical Foundation Systems/Usage Diagram/Sketch

Continuous (Strip) Footing with Stem Wall

Usage: serves to spread the

weight of a load-bearing wall
across an area of soil

Spread Footing with Pier

Usage:designed to spread out or

evenly distribute the load to a
wider area as it enters the ground

Slab-on-Grade with Thickened Slab

Usage: The usual method of constructing a

structural slab-on-grade is to use a
thickened slab; at the edges of the slab,
where most of the load will be carried, the
slab is thickened, the thickened portion
being cast integrally with the rest of the
slab.
Mat (Floating) Foundation

Usage: carry heavy loads on weak soil

Pile and Pile Cap

Usage: thick concrete mat that

rests on concrete or timber piles
that have been driven into soft or
unstable ground to provide a
suitable stable foundation.

Cast-in-Situ Pile and Grade Beam

Usage:a borehole is drilled into the

ground, then concrete (and often
some sort of reinforcing) is placed
into the borehole to form the pile.