Programming in c language

Introduction to 'c' language

Character set. Variables and identifiers, built-in data types. Variable definition,
arithmetic operators and expressions, constants and literals, simple assignment
statement, basic input/output statement, simple 'c' programs

Conditional statements and loops

Decision making within a program, conditions, relational operators, logical
connectives, if statement, if-else statement, loops: while loop, do while, for loop.
Nested loops, infinite loops, switch statement, structured programming

Arrays
One dimensional arrays: array manipulation; searching, insertion, deletion of an
element from an array; finding the largest/smallest element in an array; two
dimensional arrays, addition/multiplication of two matrices, transpose of a square
matrix; null te01linated strings as array of characters, representation sparse
matrices

Functions
Top-down approach of problem solving, modular programming and functions,
standard library of c functions, prototype of a function: foo1lal parameter list,
return type, function call, block structure, passing arguments to a function: call by
reference, call by value, recursive functions, arrays as function arguments

Structures and unions

Structure variables, initialization, structure assignment, nested structure, structures
and functions, structures and arrays: arrays of structures, structures containing
arrays, unions

Pointers
Address operators, pointer type declaration, pointer assignment, pointer
initialization, pointer arithmetic, functions and pointers, arrays and pointers,
pointer arrays

File processing
Concept of files, file opening in various modes and closing of a file, reading from a
file, writing onto a file
 SYLLABUS INCLUDE 100+
PRACTICALS
Overview of the Programming
Languages
What is C Language
Why C Language
Future in C Language
Summary
Setting up and Installing C Language
Prerequisite in C Language
Installation of C
Summary
Data Type, Constants & Variables
What is Data Types in C
Language with practical
Integers, long and short in C
Language with practical
Integers, signed and unsigned
in C Language with practical
Chars, signed and unsigned in
C Language with practical
Floats and Doubles in C
Language with practical
Constants in C with practical
Variables in C with practical
Keywords in C with practical
How to get input from user
with practical
How to display output to user
with practical
Summary
Statement
IF-Else Statement in C
Language with practical
for Loop in C Language with
practical
While Loop in C Language
with practical
Do-While Loop in C Language
with practical
Break in C Language with
practical
Continue in C Language with
practical
Switch in C Language with
practical
Summary
Function
What is a Function in C
Language with practical
Passing Values between
Functions in C Language with
practical
Call by Value in C Language
with practical
Call by Reference in C
Language with practical
Summary
Pointer
An Introduction to Pointers
Pointer Notation in C Language
Back to Function Calls in C
Language with practical
Recursion in C Language with
practical
Summary
Preprocessor
The C Preprocessor in C
Language
Features of C Preprocessor
Macro Expansion in C
Language
Macros with Arguments with
practical
Macros versus Functions with
practical
File Inclusion in C Language
with practical
#if and #elif Directives with
practical
Miscellaneous Directives in C
Language
 #undef Directive with practical
#pragma Directive with
practical
Summary
Arrays
What are Arrays in C Language
A Simple Program Using Array
How to Initialize Array in C
Language with practical
Passing Array Elements in C
Language to a Function with practical
Pointers and Arrays in C
Language with practical
Passing an Entire Array to a
Function in C Language with practical
Two Dimensional Arrays in C
Language with practical
Initializing a 2-Dimensional
Array with practical
Pointers and 2-Dimensional
Arrays with practical
Pointer to an Array with
practical
Passing 2-D array to a Function
with practical
Array of Pointers with practical
Three Dimensional Array with
practical
Summary
String
What are Strings in C
Language
How to get length of a string in
C Language using strlen( ) with
practical
How to copy a string in C
Language using strcpy( ) with
practical
How to concatenate a string in
C Language using strcat( ) with
practical
How to compare two string in
C Language using strcmp( ) with
practical
Summary
Structures
What is Structures in C
Language
Why Use Structures in C
Language
Declaring a Structure in C
Language with practical
Accessing Structure Elements
in C Language with practical
How Structure Elements are
Stored with practical
Array of Structures in C
Language with practical
Additional Features of
Structures with practical
Uses of Structures with
practical
Summary
File Operation
File Input/Output in C
Language with practical
File Operations in C Language
with practical
Opening a File in C Language
with practical
Reading from a File in C
Language with practical
Closing the File in C Language
with practical
Counting Characters, Tabs,
Spaces, with practical
A File-copy Program in C
Language
Writing to a File in C Language
with practical
File Opening Modes
String (line) I/O in Files
Summary
Operator & Enum
 Operations On Bits in C Bitwise AND Operator with
Language with practical practical
Bitwise Operators with Bitwise OR Operator with
practical practical
Ones Complement Operator Bitwise XOR Operator with
with practical practical
Right Shift Operator with Enumerated Data Type with
practical practical
Left Shift Operator with Uses of Enumerated Data Type
practical with practical
Summary
 Computer systems & programming cr-3
Fundamentals of computer
Basic concepts of computer organizations. Cpu. Memory. I/o units such as hard
disk, floppy disk, pen drives, cdrom/writer, scanner, printers, keyboards etc.
Number system representation.
Introduction to programming languages
Evolution of programming languages, structured programming, the compilation
process, object code, source code,executable code, operating systems, interpreters,
linkers, loaders, fundamentals of algorithms, flow charts.
C language fundamentals
Character set, identifiers, keywords, data types, constant and variables, statements,
expressions, operators, precedenceof operators, input-output assignments, control
structures, decision making and branching, decision making & looping.
C functions
User defined and standard functions, formal and actual arguments, functions
category, function prototypes, parameter passing, call-by-value, call-by-reference,
recursion, storage classes.
Arrays and strings
One dimensional array, multidimensional array declaration and their applications,
string manipulation.
Pointers
Pointer variable and its importance, pointer arithmetic, passing parameters by
reference, pointer to pointer, linked list, pointers to functions, dynamic memory
allocation.
Structures, unions
Declaration of structures, declaration of unions, pointer to structure & unions.
File handling
Console input output functions, disk input output functions, data files.
Additional features in c
Command line arguments, bit wise operators, enumerated data types, type casting,
macros, the c preprocessor, more aboutlibrary functions.
 Programming in c++
C++ overview
C++ characteristics, object-oriented terminology, polymorphism, object-oriented
paradigm, abstract data types

Functions and variables

Functions: declaration and Definition, variables: definition, declaration, and Scope,
variables: dynamic creation and derived Data, arrays and strings in c++, qualifiers

Classes in c++
Defining classes in c++, classes and encapsulation, member functions, instantiating
and using classes, using constructors, multiple constructors and initialization lists,
using destructors to destroy instances, friend class

Operator overloading
Operator overloading, working with overloaded operator methods

Initialization and assignment

Initialization vs. Assignment, the copy constructor, assigning values, specialized
constructors and methods, constant and static class members

Storage management
Memory allocation, dynamic allocation: new and delete

Inheritance
Overview of inheritance, defining base and derived classes, constructor and
destructor calls

Polymorphism
Overview of polymorphism

Input and output in c++ programs

Standard streams, manipulators, unformatted input and output, file input and output