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VENTSmanufactureofventilationandairconditioningsystems

SmokeExtraction
Smokecontrolisacomplexprocessinvolvingsmokeextractionandfreshairsupplybythesupplyandextractventilationsystemofbuildingsinorder
toensuresafeevacuationofpeopleincaseofafireinanyofthespaces.

Thesmokecontrolsystemofabuildingorstructuremustensureprotectionofpeoplealongtheevacuationpathsfromthefire
hazardsduringthetimerequiredforthepersonnelevacuationprocedureortheentireperiodoffiredevelopmentandcontrolby
meansofextractingthecombustionandthermaldecompositionproductsand/orpreventingtheirspreading.Asmokecontrol
systemisanintegralelementofautilitysystemdesignincludingallkindsofhighrisestructures,shoppingandofficecentres,
hospitalfacilities,productionandstoragespacesetc.aswellasundergroundstructures.

Accordingtoconclusiveevidencethemajorityofmortalitiesinafirearecausedbypoisoningfromcarbonmonoxideandothercombustion
products.Carbonmonoxideisoneofthemosttoxicsmokecomponents.Itiscarbonmonoxidepoisoningthataccountsfor80%thefire
accidentcauses.Firesinclosedspaceswhereoxygensupplyislimitedareespeciallypronetointensivecarbonmonoxidegeneration.
Carbonmonoxidepoisoningoccurswhenitsconcentrationintheinspiratoryairexceeds0.08%.Concentrationgrowthupto0.32%resultsin
paralysisandlossofconsciousness(withimminentdeathinabout30minutes).Concentrationsinexcessof1.2%leadtolossof
consciousnessafter23aspirationswhereasanother23minutesarefatal.Smokespreadsmuchfasterthanfire,thereforecausinglossof
consciousnessandcardiacarrestbeforethevictimreachesthesafetyoutdoors.Furthermore,smokecontaminationimpactsspatial
orientationforcingthevictimtonegotiateobstaclesbytouchand,quiteoften,todivergefromtheescapepaths.

FireinaBuildingWithoutaSmokeControlSystem

FireinaBuildingEquippedwithaSmokeControlSystem

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Chart"A"clearlyshowsthatatthefireoriginwherenofirecontrolsystemsarepresentthesmokefumevolumerapidlybecomescritical.

However,chart"B"showsthatafirecontrolextractionsystemhelpstosignificantlyreducethecontentofsmokeinthegasenvironment
whichremainsbelowthesafetythresholdduringtheentiredurationoffire.

Smokecontrolsystemfunctions:
Preventionofsmokespreadingfromtheignitionsource.
Preventionofsmoketransfertotheevacuationpaths(maintainingacceptableconditionsforthepeoplebeingevacuatedfrom
thebuilding).
Maintainingamicroclimatebeyondtheignitionsourceareatoenablenormaloperationoffirefightingteams.
Protectingthelifeofpeopleinthebuilding.
Protectingthepropertyagainstdamage.

Thesmokecontrolsystemelementsareintegratedattheinitialphaseofthebuilding(residentialcomplex,officeblock,warehousefacilityetc.)
construction.Thesecommunicationsmustbecontainedinthedesignengineeringdocumentsspecifictothelifesupportsystem.Alltheworksspecificto
thedesignandinstallationofsmokecontrolsystemsarestrictlycoveredbytheapplicableconstructionstandardsandregulations.

Smokecontrolplaysaparamountroleinmakingabuildingsafeandensuringcompliancewithanyandallfiresafetystandardsandregulations.Purpose
builtsmokeexhaustductlinesprovideadditionalsafetyandenableeasyevacuationofpeopleusingcorridorsandstairswhicharecompletelyfreeof
hazardousfumes.

Smokecontrolisacomplexprocessaffectedbynumerousconditionsandfactors,and,therefore,thedesignofsuchcommunicationsystemsrequires
anexpertqualification.Smokecontrolsystemsmustonlybedesignedbyprofessionalssinceanydisregardofthecommonlyacceptedstateregulations
mayleadtohumancasualties.

Asmokecontrolsystemsconsistof:
Smokeexhaustfanswhichareusedinemergencyexhaustventilationsystemsforforcedextractionofsmokeand
heatedgasesandsimultaneoustransferofheatgeneratedbythefireawayandbeyondthelimitsoftheservicedspaces
wheretheignitionoccurs.Suchunitsareusedinproduction,public,residential,administrativeandotherspaces.Such
fansarecapableofhandlingsmokeandairmixtureswithtemperaturesupto600.

Smokedampersinstalledontheprotectedpremisesacceptsmokefumesandchannelthemintosmokeshafts.Such
devicesareequippedwithelectromagneticorelectricactuators.Thedampersareratedaccordingtothefireresistance
limitwhichcanvaryupto180minutesatthesmoketemperatureof600.

Fireresistingdampersareinstalledinexhaustventilationandgeneralventilationsystemstopreventthespreadoffire
hazards(fireandsmokefumes).Suchunitsareequippedwithanelectricactuatororathermallock.

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Ventilationairductsandshaftsareintendedfortransferringsmokefumesfromtheprotectedpremisesawayfromthe
building.Airductsaremadeofnoncombustiblematerials.

Pressurizationfansareintendedforcreatingapositivepressuredifferentialinliftshafts,atlandingsandinairlock
corridorstopreventtheircontaminationbysmoke.

Technicalsupport Contactinformation
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