Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Level B2+
Contents
Speaking &
Module Vocabulary Grammar Reading Listening Writing
Functions
1 Sports & means of comparatives/ A Journey Under for opinion/ expressing an email to a
Entertainment transport superlatives the Sea attitude interest friend of yours
Units 1.1 - 1.14 sports relative clauses (multiple choice) for gist talking about a about a travel
(pp. 532) The London film you have experience you
entertainment present tenses for specific
Marathon seen had
films past tenses information
(text completion) giving personal a short review
hobbies Great of a film
information
Word power: Entertainers stories
expressing likes/
ways to walk (multiple descriptions in
dislikes
matching) stories (people,
contrasting ideas
places, objects)
speculating
2
Speaking &
Module Vocabulary Grammar Reading Listening Writing
Functions
3 Travel Time festivals & gradable A Fair to go for specific describing pictures a short letter
Units 3.1 - 1.14 celebrations adverbs Cuckoo About information asking about/ to a friend
(pp. 6188) holiday be/get/used to/ Tsingy Nature for opinion recommending describing a
destinations would Reserve places festival
types of travel linkers Been there, giving reasons/ expanding
done that examples sentences
Word power: a/an the
ways to look expressing a short text
similarities/ about a bad
differences holiday
experience
argumentative
essays
(forand
against,
3
Students Book
Students Workbook
Teachers Book
Class Audio CDs
Students Book & Workbook
1
Module 1
2 Units 1-14
5
4
3
Several years ago, my wife and I came upon an advertisement in a travel magazine for an
international exchange programme promising the chance of a lifetime. Not one to let such an
intriguing opportunity pass me by, but a bit hesitant about taking such a leap into the unknown,
I did some research and discovered that the programme involved something called house-
B swapping.
After much discussion, my family and I decided to, as they say, go for it. Consequently, we were
soon jetting off for a holiday in the Peak District of England while our exchange partners were
settling down for their vacation in our flat back home in Mt Vernon, Washington. The exchange was
for a month and the time passed quickly. To end our time away on a high note, we decided to travel
to Paris via the engineering marvel known as the Channel Tunnel.
Being on a fairly tight budget, we opted for a package deal which included round-trip tickets on
the Eurostar passenger train, five nights in a three-star hotel in Paris, Metro passes and unlimited
use of the Paris bus system. When the package still hadn't arrived after a week, I began to think that
perhaps our trip hadn't been such a good idea after all. Maybe it was a sign that we shouldn't go.
The tickets and vouchers eventually arrived and I scolded myself for having had such silly
thoughts. On the day of departure, with plenty of time to spare, my two teenage children, my wife
and I stood waiting eagerly on the platform at Kings Cross Station. At exactly 7:57 am, we boarded
our train and began our journey through the picturesque county of Kent. About an hour into our
journey, an announcement, in both English and French, informed us that we were about to enter the
Channel Tunnel.
The Eurostar adverts had boasted proudly about the engineering feat that was the Chunnel', and
the convenience it offered to those travelling between England and the Continent. They had spoken
highly of the lack of rough seas and to me, a person who gets seasick very easily, this was a major
selling point. When all is said and done, however, I must admit that there were moments when I felt
quite nervous about travelling 50 metres below the bottom of the English Channel.
Inside the tunnel itself, there really wasn't much to grab my attention
no posters or other artwork, so I busied myself studying the
occupants of our carriage. Some calmly read novels or
newspapers; others quietly looked through business reports
and notes. I quickly realised, however, that most of my
fellow passengers were like my family in that they looked
excited and very happy to be enjoying such a novel
C
travel experience.
Our underwater journey ended as quickly as it
had begun. All of a sudden, we left the darkness of
the tunnel behind and nosed out into the light of the
pleasant French morning. The tracks being well-
built, we quickly accelerated to 300 kph, the speed
of a Boeing 747 at take-off. We arrived in Paris' busy
city centre a mere 180 minutes after leaving London.
That journey, and indeed the whole time that we spent
on the exchange programme, have given us all a
yearning for new experiences, and many wonderful
memories that we will cherish forever.
6 MODULE 1
Multiple Choice
Read the text quickly to get an idea of what it is about. Read the question stem, then find the part of the text
which the question refers to. Go through the choices and choose the one that fits best. The information might be
rephrased.
2 The writer uses the phrase go for it 5 What did the writer do during his journey
(paragraph 2) to express the idea of ... through the tunnel?
A taking a risk. A He studied a business report.
B going abroad. B He looked at the other passengers.
C flying on a jet. C He read a novel about travelling.
D having a choice. D He wished the journey would end quickly.
3 The writer scolded himself (paragraph 4) 6 How was the writers attitude changed by
because ... his experiences?
A the tickets arrived late. A He began to think more about the past.
B they had to wait a long time on the B He saw the value of doing new things.
platform. C He realised his journey was special.
C he thought the trip was a silly idea. D He saw that he neednt have worried so
D he had worried unnecessarily. much.
MODULE 1 7
7 The minister will . . . . . . . an announcement later.
A do B have C form D make
8 When all is . . . . . . . and done, its his decision.
A said B spoken C told D stated
4
miss get on(to) take disembark from
Fill in the appropriate particle. Check in
get in(to) get off drive board Appendix I. Use the phrasal verbs in a story of
MEANS OF TRANSPORT your own.
a car a train a plane 1 Due to the heavy snow, no planes were able to
a motorbike a boat a bus take . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
a bicycle a ship a taxi
2 Getting my money back when the flight was
catch a bus / a train ... etc. cancelled didnt make . . . . . . . . . . . . . missing an
important meeting.
2 Choose the correct word. Which means of
transport is each sentence about?
3 Even though we set . . . . . . . . . . . . . late, we still
made it to the airport in time.
1 Takeoff was delayed/missed for over an hour 4 They were really put . . . . . . . . . . . . . by the ticket
because of bad weather. inspectors behaviour.
2 The compartment was so populated/crowded I 5 Whenever I go on a long trip, my whole family
couldnt get a seat so I had to stand all the way. sees me . . . . . . . . . . . at the airport.
5
3 I took a new direct route that was fast/speed so
Fill in the correct word derived from the
I reached my destination in no time. words in brackets.
4 The traffic/congestion on the motorway wasnt
heavy so it took us very little time to get there. READING & USE OF ENGLISH PART 3
5 The crossing was rough/bumpy and we both got
seasick.
6 We broke/fell down outside York and had to
wait for over an hour before someone came to
get us.
MODULE 1 9
Lead-in
1 a) Which sports can you see in the
pictures? Which is your favourite one?
How do you think people benefit from
doing sports? Use the ideas to tell your
partner.
Reading
2 In groups, discuss
the proverb.
A healthy mind in a healthy body. 3 a) You are going to read an
article about a man who
grew up with a heart defect
and overcame his illness to
compete in the London
Text completion Marathon. Six sentences have
been removed from the
Read the text through, then read the list of missing sentences. article. Choose from the
Start fitting the sentences into the gaps. Match the topic of the sentences AG the one which
missing sentence with the topic of the sentence before and after fits each gap (16). There is
each gap. Look for clues such as reference words (he, there, one extra sentence, which
etc) or linking words before or after each gap. Check that the you do not need to use.
sentence you choose fits grammatically and makes sense.
Read the completed text to see if it makes sense. b) Is the text narrative or
argumentative?
10 MODULE 1
READING & USE OF ENGLISH PART 6
race, they just couldnt go any further. Their muscles would cramp
and their heart and lungs could not obtain enough oxygen.
Each year, I tried to imagine what it would be like to line up before
all the crowds prepared to run the 42.2 km along roads, up hills
and around some of the most famous sights in London. The race
started in Greenwich Park, then competitors would race along the
River Thames, towards Big Ben, and eventually ending in front of
Buckingham Palace.
I decided to talk to my heart specialist and find out if there was
any chance that I could train my body to handle running 42.2 km.
At first, he thought I was joking, but soon he realised how
important this was to me. 3 At the same time, I started
lifting weights to build muscle strength.
Over the course of a year, I progressed from just walking to
running. Running became a daily thing for me and I was building
more strength and confidence with every step. My doctor was
thrilled with my progress and allowed me to continue forward.
Finally, at the age of 19, the time came to apply for the London
Michael Scott talks about his success story of Marathon. I knew that only a certain number of people would be
going from being a sickly teenager to a London allowed to enter the race and as much as I wanted to do this, I
Marathon competitor. knew that my chances were slim. 4 I couldnt believe how
far I had come and that finally my dream would come true.
Growing up with a heart defect was difficult. While other kids my My doctor and I worked together to set out a training schedule
age were going to football practice and on beach holidays with their that would allow me to safely complete the entire 42.2 km.
families, I was in and out of hospital. My only involvement in a Physically, I was fit and my heart appeared to be in good
sporting competition was watching it on the television. condition. The biggest problem would be dehydration, as it would
One of my favourite events to watch was the London Marathon. be with all of the competitors. On average most of the runners
When I was just 14, a man from London, named Chris Brasher, take four to five hours to complete the race and water is essential
organised the first London Marathon. It was 29th March 1981 and to all of the competitors. The year before 710,000 bottles of water
7,747 people were involved in the race. 1 Now, there are had been consumed during the race!
46,500 participants each year from all corners of the world and of Soon enough it was race day. My family, as well as various friends
all levels of ability. Many people say the marathon is the ultimate were all gathered to watch and support me. 5 I finished the
physical challenge. Athletes have to train physically and mentally race in less than six hours, which was amazing since just a few
for each marathon and be prepared for many challenges. years before I was barely able to run across the garden.
I always found it surprising to see how many well-trained athletes Today, I am still running. I have not competed in the London
did not complete the course each year. 2 Some dropped out Marathon again, but I do volunteer each year to assist the
because of injury or illness, but most just hit the wall, an infamous athletes in any way I can throughout the race. 6 I learned
experience suffered when their bodies simply ran out of fuel. For that as long as I try my best and have faith in myself I can do
many runners, by the time they reached the 30 to 35 km point in the almost anything.
1
1 The match was planned/settled/
Complete the exchanges. Use: team, go, score,
dirty, win, played, postponed, live, home, lost. fixed/agreed. They paid him to lose.
2 Many fans were damaged/broken/
1 A: Its a pity they . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . injured/wounded when the wall fell.
B: Yes, but everyone said it was a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . game. 3 The seating ability/capability/
2 A: Ive never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . golf. skill/capacity of the stadium is
B: Why dont you have a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? 10,000.
3 A: Are they playing at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . this week? 4 His competitor/contestant/foe/
B: No the game has been . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . because of the enemy in the final match was his
bad weather. best friend.
4 A: Do you think theyll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? 5 Jack finished the tennis match/
B: If they . . . . . . . . . . . . . . first, theyll have a chance. contest/race/competition in first
5 A: Have you ever seen a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . place.
basketball match? 6 He has faith/trust/belief/credit in
B: No. I dont like . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sports. himself and believes hell make it.
7 I think their chances of beating
Word Power the opponents are narrow/slim/
little/slight.
(ways to walk)
8 The athletes are all in good state/
2 a) Fill in: crawl, slip, creep, stagger,
wander, stray, march, dash, trip in
position/situation/condition.
Lead-in
1 Think of as many words as
possible related to performances.
Compare them with your partner.
What forms of entertainment do
you prefer?
Reading
Multiple matching
14 MODULE 1
A B
A udiences around the world consider David
Copperfield to be the greatest magician of our time.
Copperfield was born in the United States in 1956. He
J im Henson will forever be remembered as the person
behind some of the most famous puppets in the world.
His best-known creations include such characters as Elmo,
began performing magic at the age of 12 and became Big Bird, Bert and Ernie, Miss Piggy and especially Kermit
the youngest person ever admitted to the Society of the Frog.
American Magicians. At 16, he was teaching a magic Born in 1936 in the United States, Henson grew up loving
course at New York University. He then began singing puppets. In those days, most puppets were simply painted
and performing magic on stage in Chicago. At the age wood with no actual character or emotion. Henson
of 19, he was given a break in television with his own designed puppets made of flexible, fabric-covered foam
show. His career in the world of entertainment was rubber, with big soft bodies and large mouths, which
taking off. made them more realistic. He was given an opportunity to
Since the 1970s, Copperfield has performed in Emmy perform on a local television show, which quickly
award-winning television programmes, stage plays, launched his career.
films and personal tours. He has travelled around the By 1970, Henson had developed a popular childrens
world and has elevated the art of magic to new heights. educational television programme, called Sesame Street.
In addition to performing, he created a critically The programme became an instant success and led to his
acclaimed Broadway show, Dreams & Nightmares, which next top production, The Muppet Show.
broke all box-office records during its run in New York Over the years, Henson expanded his company to include
City. The secret, says David, is to consider nothing a wide variety of childrens programmes and educational
impossible, then start treating possibilities as materials, including books, music, television shows and
probabilities. If I am in the impossible business and I feature films. His work is known and loved worldwide.
am then I want to go beyond impossible.
Jim Henson died in 1990, after devoting more than 30
years of his life to his craft.
C
harlotte Church has an exceptional talent. By the
C time she was 11 years old, people were talking
D
about the little girl with the big voice. Her break came in
1997 on a television show in Britain and was quickly
W e have all been amazed and impressed by
acrobats and jugglers, mostly men, tossing
around a variety of objects. However, a woman has
followed by her show-stealing performance on a recently taken centre stage in this male-dominated
televised talent programme. Church released her first form of entertainment. Her name is Meike Fromm and
album in 1998, called Voice of an Angel. She became the she is from Germany, though she left there many years
youngest artist to have a number one hit in the classical ago. Her stage name is Mika, and she is considered the
charts. The young Welsh girl from Cardiff had become best female juggler in the world.
an instant success in Britain as well as North America.
As a dancer, Mika trained in modern dance, jazz and
Her fame spread quickly and she was offered a number belly dancing. She holds a Masters degree in Physical
of options. The young soprano travelled around the Education and is a certified teacher. She has worked
world, doing live performances alongside legends like with children with special needs in the New York City
Pavarotti and Julie Andrews. By the time she was 16, public school system.
Church had completed a number of albums, including a Since 1995, Mika has performed in circuses and live
Best of album. Church has also expanded her career shows as an entertainer around Europe as well as the
to include cameo appearances on popular television United States. Her unique style has allowed her to move
programmes and a few small roles in feature films. She beyond the standard style of juggling and add a
is currently taking a break from singing, and working theatrical touch to her performances. I love my art,
on her own television programme, entitled The Charlotte and I am just so very pleased to have the opportunity
Church Show. to share it with others, says Mika.
5 Match the words in bold to their meanings. Use the words Speaking
in bold to make sentences about the performers.
dedicating made larger at present put out throwing
6 Work in groups. Choose a
person from the text and
accepted choices raised started present him/her to the class.
MODULE 1 15
Vocabulary
& Grammar
1 Fill in each gap with
the appropriate Superman Returns, 1) ................. by Bryan
word from the list. Singer, is an action film with an incredible
2) ................... of actors and a clever 3) ................ .
miss After eliminating General Zod and the other
directed Kryptonian villains, Superman, 4) ................ by Brandon
Routh, leaves Earth to try to find his home planet of Krypton.
played
When he finds nothing but ruins, he returns to Earth only to face
cast more problems. Superman must again race against time to stop
masterpiece his enemies killing people. Superman Returns is a modern
5) ......................, well worth going to see. The 6) ......................
sensational
will be sitting on the edge of their seats throughout this
plot 7) ................film. Dont 8) ..................it.
audience
4
1 She had a character/renown/reputation/fame
Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple,
for being professional. past continuous, past perfect or past perfect
2 Peter Jackson likes to take/shoot/create/fire continuous. Give reasons.
films in his native New Zealand.
1 Tony . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch) TV when the lights
3 Minor actors usually play side/supporting/
went out.
helping/backing roles.
2 They . . . . . . . . . . . . (play) tennis with the Smiths
4 The film is a(n) variation/change/adaptation/ yesterday.
version of the novel by Charles Dickens.
3 He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (live) in Paris in 2004.
5 The film has a huge budget that is calculated/
4 He was happy because he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (win)
estimated/valued/assessed to be more than
the lottery.
100 million.
5 Harry . . . . . . . . . . . (make) up his mind and then
6 The film was met/enjoyed/received/greeted by
let us know his decision.
fans despite what the critics said.
6 When I saw Jane, she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy) a gift.
7 Jim Carrey will play the portrayal/part/person/
actor in the film version. 7 Gary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (look) for a flat for
months before he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (find) one.
8 The film was placed/set/located/put in Paris in
the 1930s. 8 We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hope) to go on holiday,
but we couldnt afford it and stayed home.
3 Cross the odd word out. 9 When it . . . . . . . . . . . . . (start) raining, he was out.
1 film: comedy, horror, adventure, live 10 John . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (learn) English for 7 years
before he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (move) to London.
2 cast: weak, allstar, talented, beautiful
11 The band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (play) for an hour
3 ending: tragic, surprising, sudden, modern
when it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (start) raining.
4 special effects: excellent, large, spectacular, great
12 They were very tired. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 plot: ugly, awful, simple, complicated (travel) for more than ten hours.
16 MODULE 1
5 Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple, 5 Rachel started taking piano lessons five years ago.
past continuous, past perfect or past perfect been Rachel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
continuous. Give reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for five years.
6 He has never flown on an aeroplane before.
When my brother 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (suggest) first Its the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
that we go to see the David Copperfield performance
. . . . . . . . . . . . . flown on an aeroplane.
at the local stadium, I immediately 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(agree). He 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (tell) me about the
amazing tricks that he 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (perform) in the Prepositions
past and I have to admit I 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) intrigued.
On the night of the performance, as we
7 Fill in the correct prepositions. Check in
Appendix II. Choose any five of them and
6) . . . . . . . . . . . (enter) the venue, there was an immense make sentences using them.
feeling of anticipation in the air while the audience
7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hurry) to find their seats. As the lights 1 He aimed . . . . . . . . the target and
8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (dim), everyone 9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . released the arrow.
(go) silent. 2 He isnt keen . . . . . . . comedies.
The show that 10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (follow) left me
3 I was upset when our holiday
breathless. After his first trick, where his assistant
came . . . . . . . . an end.
11) . . . . . . . . . (cut) him in half, Copperfield 12) . . . . . . . . .
(invite) audience members to supply him with dates of 4 A lot of people live . . . . . . . isolation.
birth and anniversaries. He then 13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 The team are confident . . . . . . winning the cup.
(proceed) to open a locked box and 14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Bell is famous . . . . . . . inventing the phone.
(pull) out a piece of paper with the exact dates printed on
it! Then, the illusionist 15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (play) back an
7 The lecturer gave an interesting interpretation
audiotape that he 16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (record) before the . . . . . . . . Shakespeares sonnets.
show on which he 17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (recite) the dates 8 Her pet dog died . . . . . . . . a mysterious illness.
that the audience members 18) . . . . . . . . . . . . (give) him. 9 The old lady died . . . . . . . . an accident.
As the evening 19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (progress),
10 Hes obsessed . . . . . the idea of becoming a film star.
Copperfield 20) . . . . . . . . . . . . (make) a person disappear
and reappear in another country and, magically
21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (transport) thirteen audience Listening
members to the back of the theatre. I was very impressed
by Copperfields talent and I 22) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) to
admit to myself that it was the greatest performance I
8 Listen to someone talking about a
film they watched. Answer the questions.
23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ever/see).
1 Which film did he watch?
2 Who starred in it?
READING & USE OF ENGLISH PART 4 3 Who was it directed by?
4 What was the film about?
Key word transformations
5 What were the special effects like?
6 Complete the sentences using the words in
bold. Use two to five words.
6 Did they recommend the film?
4 Think of a sport you like and one you dont like. Use the
phrases in Ex. 2 to talk about them. Make sure you dont
mention the names of the sports. Your partner guesses the
2 The following phrases express
opinion. Which of them are used
sports.
in the texts in Ex. 1?
Listening Part 3
Expressing opinion/attitude
Listening Part 1
MODULE 1 19
Preparing for Part 1
Giving personal information
1 Complete the sentences about yourself. Imagine you are new to the class. Use the sentences to talk
about yourself to your partner.
Expressing likes/dislikes
20 MODULE 1
Preparing for Part 2
Contrasting ideas/Speculating
4 Which sports can you see in the pictures? What are they like? In what ways
can they be dangerous? Listen and complete the sentences.
A
Both horse racing and motocross are challenging sports. 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
horse racing can be a great 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , it can also be quite dangerous.
For example, if the horse falls over, the jockey may 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . or
injure their head.
Similarly, motocross could be dangerous if the rider 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of B
the bike and crashes it. In spite of all the dangers, these sports require a
5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . so they can help you stay 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 a) Look at pictures A and B. Use the language in the boxes to compare the photographs and say in
what ways these sports may be dangerous. Use the text in Ex. 4 as a model.
Contrasting ideas
... but ...
Useful language
Although + clause
In spite of/Despite + Benefits Possible dangers
noun/ing form great form of exercise crash/lose control
Speculating skiing gives sense of freedom break leg/injure
It may/might/can ... helps you get fit head/get concussion
It probably ... very exciting fall from great height
It seems that ... rock climbing challenging/adventurous break arm/leg
Id say it ... enjoy nature injure shoulder/back
Perhaps ... requires skill
b) Listen to a model monologue. What does the speaker say about the dangers of each sport?
Expressing preferences
6 Which of the sporting events above would you prefer to watch and why? Use the phrases to tell your partner.
Id prefer (+ toinf) rather than (+ bare inf) because ... Id really like to ... I think ...
I quite like ... but Id prefer ... Im not very keen on ... . Id rather/prefer ...
MODULE 1 21
PLAN
Introduction
Para 1 Set the scene (describe the
weather, time, atmosphere,
people involved, possible
feelings, etc)
Main Body *
Para 2 Before the main event(s)
(incidents leading to the main
event)
Para 3 The main event(s) (describe
the main event(s), people
involved, more details and the
climax event)
Stories can be written either in the first or * The main body may include 13
the third person and present a series of
paragraphs.
events, real or imaginary.
We normally use past tenses in stories. e.g. He Conclusion
stood on the deck looking out to sea as the ship
was leaving the harbour.
Final para End the story (refer to moods,
consequences, peoples
When writing a story, we need to keep a time
reactions, feelings, etc)
sequence in mind. Stories describe a sequence of
events which need to be linked with appropriate
sequence words such as: First, Then/Next,
Interpreting rubrics
After/Before (that), During/Meanwhile, Finally,
As soon as, The moment that, As, No sooner ...
than, Hardly ... when, Immediately, Since, 1 Read the rubric and look at the underlined
key words. Then answer the questions below.
While, Until, By the time, As long as. e.g. He
stood up and walked towards the door. Your teacher has asked you to write a story
Meanwhile, Stella was poking the fire. about a frightening experience for the
Using a variety of adjectives (disgusted, amusing, school magazine. The story must begin
astonished, etc) and adverbs (fearlessly, with the following words: It was raining
cautiously, amazingly, etc) will make our stories heavily yesterday ... Your story must include:
more interesting to the reader. e.g. He carefully a uniform falling
approached the empty house and knocked on the
wooden door. Write your story (140 190 words).
We can use descriptions of people, places or
objects to create atmosphere and emphasise 1 What are you going to write?
specific parts of the narration. e.g. Behind the 2 Who is going to read your piece of writing?
desk there was a cheerful little girl looking at
3 Who will the main character(s) be?
me smiling shyly.
We can use direct speech to make our stories more 4 What can the story be about?
dramatic. e.g. Whats this? she asked. 5 What words must you use in your writing? Where?
6 How many words must you write?
7 How can you begin your story?
22 MODULE 1
Trapped! Para 1
It was raining heavily yesterday evening as I was walking to work. I .......................
reached the building and, as usual, I went up to the security office and .......................
changed into my uniform. I was in a good mood and I figured that I could .......................
easily finish my first patrol before 9 pm.
I had only just begun my security patrol when there was a terrible Para 2
rumble, like thunder, and the building literally started to collapse around me. .......................
I remember falling and then I was lying on cold concrete in total darkness. .......................
I was trapped. I started to shout frantically but I realised it was useless. .......................
That turned into the longest night of my life. It seemed like an eternity before
Para 3
I heard faint voices above me. I shouted for help. A man shouted back,
.......................
Where are you? Here, here! I yelled at the top of my voice. Dont panic
.......................
well get you out of there, he called.
.......................
When a chunk of debris was moved and I saw the dim lights, I knew I
would be safe. As the rescuer climbed down carefully and pulled me out, I felt Para 4
relieved. Although my leg was hurting terribly, I was happy to be safe and .......................
sound. .......................
.......................
Model analysis 3 What adjectives has the writer used to describe the
following?
2 a) Read the model.
mood rumble darkness night lights
1 Which paragraph sets the scene? concrete voices
2 What is the main event?
3 What happened before it? 4 Fill in the adverbs the writer uses with the following verbs.
Make sentences using these phrases.
4 What happened in the end?
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . finish 3 shout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 How did the character feel?
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . started to 4 climbed down . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 Underline the direct speech in the
collapse 5 hurting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
model.
1 Replace the words in bold with one of the adjectives or 5 The trainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
adverbs from the lists. approached the lion.
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the plane
landed safely and on time.
7 Becky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . accepted
A the invitation to the birthday party.
That day, Amy and Mark couldnt believe their bad luck! They had 8 The boy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . stroked the
gone mountain climbing 1) many times before, but never had they puppy and wrapped it in a blanket.
experienced such 2) cold temperatures and 3) strong winds. They 9 The family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
realised they would have to find shelter 4) fast before they got into returned home after their weekend
5) serious trouble. of camping in the mountains.
10 The team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
celebrated winning the
championship.
B
Using a variety of verbs
Tom and Amanda had just shared a 1) nice evening out with
friends. On their way home, driving along a mountain road, 3 Complete the sentences with:
exclaimed, shouted, assured,
they suddenly saw a(n) 2) big rock blocking their way. Tom whispered, explained, screamed.
slammed on the brakes immediately and managed to stop the
car. They were 3) very lucky because they 4) just missed 1 Everything will be fine, he
having a(n) 5) bad accident. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . her.
2 You look gorgeous, Tom
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in admiration.
3 Hide in here! Quick! she
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . just before
C the door burst open.
The 1) old lady lived in a(n) 2) big house on a(n) 3) quiet street 4 Oh no! Its going to fall! she
near the edge of town. She had lived there all her life and her . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in terror.
house was filled with 4) nice 5) old furniture and collectibles. 5 It was all my fault, he . . . . . . . . . . .
She spent most of her time in a(n) 6) small parlour at the back to the police officer.
of the house, in front of a(n) 7) hot fire, reading books. 6 Psst. Over here, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a
strange voice.
24
Feelings
Stories should illustrate how the characters feel. e.g. anger, happiness, sadness, frustration, loneliness, etc. This makes
them more interesting to the reader and brings the characters to life.
4 Read the following story endings which describe how the characters feel. Fill in the gaps with the
adjectives: frustrated, angry, lonely, happy, sad.
1 The boy looked at me and smiled. I had saved his 4 Everything she had told me was a lie. I was very
life. I felt so . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . with her and I could never forgive
2 She was badly hurt. There was nothing I could do her.
to help her. I was so . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 He waved his mother goodbye as she entered the
3 I knew the vet had done his best, but he couldnt save coach. Suddenly, he felt very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
my dog. I wanted to cry; I felt really . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Match the beginnings (14) to the endings (AD), then decide which techniques have been used in
each.
1
sounded
Bob, whats that over there? Jack A
rds the trees. I
nervous as he pointed towa
pile of cloth es? When we got out into the fresh air,
looked. What was that we felt
relieved. We were safe at last.
2
Why is it that the most important things happen when we B
dont expect them? The sun was shining as they walked
wasnt sure
through the jungle. Everybody was nervous, especially He ran away as fast as he could. He
he knew he would
James Johnson. The scientist had been working all his life about what he had seen but
to find the lost tomb of Itawa, the ancient Brazilian god. never go near that hous e agai n.
3
house? Brian stood in C
Have you ever been to a haunted
t look ing up at the haunted When the doctor told us
the dark, deserted stree we had saved the mans
dere d why he had agre ed to go inside we were glad. It was luc life
house. He won ky that we had gone to
no choice, though, work
since it made him nervous. He had a little earlier that winter
s morning.
but to go in.
4 D in this valley,
The train had not moved for some time. We were James was tired. OK, so it wasnt
ts. Ill just have to
worried. It was becoming hard to breathe as it was he thought, but I know it exis
extremely hot in the carriage and the air conditioning ed back to the camp,
keep looking. He walk
had stopped working ages ago. anxious to star t his search agai n.
6 Write a beginning and an ending for a story entitled A Day to Remember. Use any of the techniques
above.
MODULE 1 25
Descriptions in stories 2 a) Fill in: lazy, intelligent, practical, reliable,
patient, lively, unstable, generous, boring,
Stories may include descriptions of the people, optimistic.
objects or places involved in the event(s).
1 Mary was a very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . person. You could
Describing People always count on her to do what you asked her to.
2 He tended to be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . His mood was
likely to change at any time.
When you describe physical appearance,
remember to include details of: height, 3 He was a very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . person. He did
build, age, facial features, hair, clothes, nothing but watch TV most of the day.
moving from general adjectives to more 4 Mike could often be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . He had a
specific ones. e.g. John was a tall, well-built tendency to repeat the same old stories.
man. He had an oval face with bright blue 5 She had a very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . outlook on life.
eyes and a big nose. His short, fair hair She always looked on the bright side. She never
made him look sophisticated. He always expected anything to go wrong.
dressed smartly in a well-cut suit and tie. 6 The teacher was very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . with her
When you describe a persons character, you students. She always explained things several
should always justify the qualities you mention times.
each time. e.g. He was so reliable, he would 7 The little boy was so . . . . . . . . . . . . . . he could learn
never let you down. things quickly and easily.
The negative qualities should be written using 8 Her uncle was very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . He always
mild language e.g. Instead of saying: He was gave money to charity.
aggressive, you can say: He had/showed/ 9 Josh was very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . He was full of
displayed a tendency to be aggressive or He energy and high spirits.
could be aggressive at times.
10 Her husband was very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . He repaired
everything around the house.
1 a) The following adjectives describe peoples
physical characteristics. List them as in the b) Use appropriate adjectives to describe a
example. Compare with your partner. friend of yours to your partner.
blue short oval tiny straight freckled
dark of medium height slim upturned
muscular brown wavy overweight
3 Make sentences with the following
personality traits. Justify the adjectives when
blond(e) almondshaped long plump describing a person.
wrinkled ugly shabby crooked elegant pleasant reserved sensible selfish
attractive fashionable slanting tall helpful nave unreliable silly honest
casual curly green wellbuilt unpredictable serious curious dishonest
pessimistic sociable
Height short witty amusing
Build tiny dull
Face oval Her children
Eyes blue were very
Nose straight pleasant. They
Hair brown always
behaved in a
Clothes shabby polite and
friendly manner.
b) Find pictures of people from magazines.
Describe them to your partner.
26 MODULE 1
4 a) Look at the text below and answer the questions. b) Put the events in the order
they happened. Use them to
1 What type of text is it? retell the story.
2 What tenses are used?
She saw a man.
3 Which paragraph(s) contain(s) a description of a person?
A car headed towards them.
4 What does the person look like?
They sat together.
5 What character adjectives and justifications has the author She went to a restaurant.
used?
Ambulances and police arrived.
6 Which verbs does the author use instead of say in the last They heard a sound.
paragraph?
John pulled her into the kitchen.
7 How has the writer used the senses?
They heard glass shatter.
MODULE 1 27
Describing places 2 Read the extract below.
Highlight the static features and
circle the moving features.
When describing particular details of a place, you can use
your senses (sight, sound, smell, taste, touch). e.g. He lived in
a cottage with thick wooden beams that you could smell when
you walked in the door. A combination of static and moving
features can also be used in descriptions. e.g. static features:
The cottage was at the top of the hill. moving features: The ... On the mountainside there was
stream flows down the hill. You can also describe the place a forest. The fields stretched as
either from near or far, from a central point, from a high point far as the horizon. A path led to
etc. e.g. In the distance, we could see a castle high up on a hill. the village. The village was set
among pine trees. In the
1 a) Fill in: beyond, from, covered, along, poked, up. background there was a hillside.
The hills seemed to rise up from
nowhere. A road crossed the
I was struck by the beauty of Bergen as we sailed into the valley. A stream flowed through
the valley. A path curved around
harbour early that summer morning. It seemed to offer the
the hills. The road wound through
perfect combination of fragrant pine trees and fresh sea air. the forest. At the foot of the
The old harbour was filled with colourful sailing boats and mountain there were caves ...
1) . . . . . . . . . . . . the bustling waterfront people drifted in and
out of the craft shops, cafs and restaurants which were
already busy serving delicious-looking food. 2) . . . . . . . . . . . .
the city, the dense evergreen forests which grow
3) . . . . . . . . . . . . the mountainside made
it seem as if it were 4) . . . . . . . . . . . .
with a lush green blanket. Here and
there in the forest old wooden-
beamed houses 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . their
roofs out from between the trees.
6) . . . . . . . . . . . . the harbour I could
smell the delicious aroma of fresh
seafood and fruit. I knew that my
stay in this stunning part of
Norway was going to be an
interesting one.
c) List all the phrases that relate to the use of the senses (smell,
sight, sound, taste).
28 MODULE 1
5 Show and tell. Bring objects
from home or choose objects in
the classroom and describe
Describing Objects them to your partner.
When you describe objects you can use a variety of Discuss & Write
adjectives. You should bear in mind the following order:
6 Read the rubrics and answer the
questions. Choose one and write
Opinion, Size/Weight, Age, Shape, Colour, Country of your story.
Origin, Material NOUN
A Your teacher has asked you to
write a story for an international
Instead of saying He was holding a box we can say He
magazine. The story must start
was holding a beautiful, heart-shaped, velvet box. We do
with the following words: I had
not normally use more than three adjectives to describe a
never been so surprised in my
noun.
whole life. Your story must
We can add more information in a prepositional phrase include:
after the noun. e.g. It was a beautiful, heart-shaped, velvet a flight a monument.
box with a red ribbon on it.
Write your story (140190 words).
MODULE 1 29
1 a) Describe the pictures above
the text. Why would the people
choose to use these forms of
transport? READING & USE OF ENGLISH PART 1
wood
coal
( Points: ___
10X2 20 ) bold. Use two to five words.
2
1 We had never been to Florence before.
Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense.
first It . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . we had ever been
1 A: What . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (you/do) this time last to Florence.
weekend? 2 Ryan started playing rugby five years ago.
B: We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (travel) to York. been Ryan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rugby for five
2 A: Whos she? Why . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (she/look) years.
at us? 3 Although he had trained for the race for weeks,
B: I . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not/notice) her looking at us. he didnt win.
3 A: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (you/meet) Ann at the party despite He didnt win the race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
last night? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for weeks.
B: No, she . . . . . . . . . . . . . (leave) before I arrived.
4 She waited until everyone had arrived before she
4 A: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (you/do) anything tonight. told them her news.
B: Yes, I . . . . . . . . . (go) to the cinema with Steve. tell She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . news until
5 A: Why . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (you/be) late yesterday? everyone had arrived.
B: I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wait) at the bus stop
5 The film didnt interest me at all.
for over forty minutes before the bus arrived.
find I didnt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . at all.
( Points: ___
10X2 20 ) ( Points: ___
5X4 20 )
3 Join the sentences. Use relatives.
1 Rachel is my best friend. She is an actress.
Now I can ...
( My score: ___
100 )
2 Cumbria is a county. It is in the northwest of
England. talk about freetime activities
3 Lyns sister is a famous model. Lyn is my neighbour. talk and write about a sporting event
4 Ians going to Rome. He will visit the Colosseum talk about journeys and means of transport
there. express interest and preferences, likes/dislikes,
5 I want to learn to play snooker. It is a difficult game. opinions, attitude
( Points: ___
5X4 20 )
write a film review
write a story
4 a) Fill in: off, down or in.
write descriptions of people, places and objects
talk about energy resources
1 Their car broke . . . . . . . on the way to the airport.
write about saving energy at home
2 If they had set . . . . . . . earlier, they wouldnt have
been late for their flight.
... in English
32 MODULE 1
Contents
Speaking &
Module Vocabulary Grammar Reading Listening Writing
Functions
1 Environmental extreme inversion Into the Eye of for specific expressing a summary of a
Issues weather the passive the Storm information concern text
Units 1.1 - 1.12 conditions conditionals/ Save the Whales repeating & the weather
(pp. 5-28) weather wishes Global Ecologists confirming report for
endangered linkers tomorrow
animals reports
environmental
issues
ecologists
biodiversity
Word power:
sounds
Culture Clip Farms in the city (p. 26)
Curricular Cut: Geography Global Warming (p. 27)
Progress Check 1 (p. 28)
2 Modern Living science emphatic Its all in the for specific making discussing an
Units 2.1 - 2.13 technology structures mind information assumptions issue
(pp. 29-54) crime (there, it) Nanotechnology for detail making reviews
lifestyles both, all, whole, the next big suggestions
articles
either, neither, thing? complaining/
computers
none, every Fashion apologising
success
causative forms
fashion
clauses
Word power:
far/every, each,
artificial, fake,
much, too,
false,
even, a bit, any
counterfeit
quantifiers/
CU nouns
comparisons
ing/(to)
infinitive
clauses of
reason/
2
Speaking &
Module Vocabulary Grammar Reading Listening Writing
Functions
3 Communication gestures & purpose/ cause Body Talk for specific express preference an email to a
Units 3.1 - 3.17 emotions & effect (multiple choice) information give reasons friend
(pp. 55-88) body direct/ The Universal for gist describing a
ask for opinion/
language indirect Language of festival you
for detail agree/disagree
questions Music attended
character for opinion ask for advice/
traits (text completion) a paragraph
give advice
So you think about qualities
music/places complain,
you are a good a driver should
of apologise
driver? have
entertainment
(multiple ask about/ express informal/semi
feelings & feelings
matching) formal/formal
moods
invite/accept letters/emails
friendship refuse invitations
ways to look
ways to talk
phrasal verbs
the senses
languages,
dialects &
accents
3
Students Book
Students Workbook
Teachers Book
5
4
3
Environmental Issues
Look at Module 1 Practise ...
Describe the pictures. the passive
Which units are the pictures from? What is conditionals/wishes
each unit about? inversion
phrasal verbs: stand, keep, let, give
Find the page numbers for
Write/Make ...
newspaper headlines a presentation on humpback whales
a spidergram a summary of a text
a report a weather report
famous ecologists reports/proposals
a joke
MODULE 1 5
Lead-in
1 Which of the following can you see in the pictures? Which of them are common in your country?
tornado tsunami avalanche flood volcanic eruption sandstorm cyclone lightning strike
earthquake blizzard drought hailstorm hurricane thunderstorm forest fire heatwave
Reading
2 Look at the title of the text and the picture of the man. What is this mans job? Discuss in
pairs. Listen, read and check.
3 Read the article about a storm chaser. For questions 16, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you
think fits best according to the text. Give reasons.
Theres a change in the sky, the clouds are gathering and these mini-tornadoes. It was experiences such as these that
theres a rumble and howl in the distance. It first appears on the gave me the confidence that eventually led to my first job,
horizon a funnel of violent air that rips through everything in collecting deadly scorpions. The heavy rain storms drove them
its path. Its a tornado, one of natures most destructive forces. out of their hiding places and I dodged the lightning bolts,
It can pick up cars, rip trees out of the ground and demolish collected the scorpions and sold them to an old man who put
houses. Most of us would panic at this point, hide in the house, them into plastic paperweights to sell by the side of the road.
lock the door and crawl under the kitchen table. But Warren Eventually, some of the parents found out about my near
Faidley grabs his camera, jumps in his car and heads right for drowning, scorpion trade and dust devil adventures. The
the storm. Warren Faidley is a storm chaser and makes his majority of the local kids were banned from hanging out with
living by getting as close to tornados as possible to capture me.
them in photographs or on video. He goes on to say: Chasing is extremely dangerous
Warrens photographs of the wild beauty and terrifying especially when I started and there were no on-board radars to
effects of extreme weather conditions have been used on show us where and when the tornado would hit and no pre-
posters and promotional material by celebrities like Sheryl existing chase instructions. One recent scary event occurred
Crow and Paul McCartney. Some sell for up to $20,000. Also, when I was fleeing a terrible storm in Texas. The winds became
the video footage he takes has been shown on television so intense the chase truck could hardly move; rocks were being
around the world and hes even worked as a consultant in lifted and smashed into the windshield*. I was literally being
Hollywood on the feature film that best depicts his way of life, sucked into the tornado! Of course, he survived to tell the tale.
Twister. Some motion picture companies have made inquiries into
Faidleys first chase nearly killed him and taught him making a film based on his adventures, but Faidley says: Im
something that has stayed with him to this day. When I was not committed to anything yet. Ive devoted my life to chasing,
twelve I was swept away by a flash flood in Tucson, Arizona. I sold my soul to those pursuits and turned them into a million-
was conducting my first chase along the banks of a swiftly dollar career. Im going to be very careful about giving it away.
flowing river. Suddenly, the bank gave way and I fell into the Faidleys photography has been greatly admired. He
floodwaters. I was carried under water and held my breath. explains, As an artist, Im always looking for that perfect shot.
Then my foot found a rock, allowing me to stick my head above Someone once said: Artists seek perfection in their work to
the water. That single event had a profound effect on my life I make up for imperfections in their lives. That fits me. Ive
knew I had to live life to the fullest. given up on any kind of serious personal life or family and
He soon moved on to more profitable pursuits. About a year dedicated my life to my work. Chasing involves so many things
after my near-death experience, I decided to ride my bike into I enjoy in life: adventure, danger, travel, science, friendships
the centre of a large dust devil, a much smaller type of tornado. and, of course, the excitement.
After that, I formed a gang of local kids and wed chase after
* windscreen
6 MODULE 1
1 What do we learn about Warren Faidley in the first 4 Match the words in bold to their
meanings.
paragraph?
A He enjoys the danger involved in his job. actually portrays collapsed
B He does things other people would not do. running away snatches
C He drives right into tornadoes.
D He takes photographs of people in danger. knock down drawn forcefully
quickly moving avoided dedicated
2 What does the writer mean when he says Faidley moved
on to more profitable pursuits (paragraph 4)? tears look for excellence
A He changed the way he conducted his chases. compensate for faults damaging
B He started to take his hobby more seriously.
decided on record
C His adventures became even more daring.
D He made money from a dangerous hobby. In pairs, ask and answer
3 Eventually, most of the members of Faidleys teenage questions based on the text.
gang
A joined him in his scorpion trade. 5 Fill in: profitable, a flash, live,
make, intense, promotional, tell,
B had to hide their friendship with him.
C lost interest in storm chasing. extreme, profound, deadly. Then
use the completed phrases to
D werent allowed to associate with him. make sentences about Warren
Faidley.
4 Faidley tells us that when he began his career,
A he was less cautious than he is now. 1 to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ones living
B the equipment was not as advanced as it is nowadays. 2 . . . . . . . . weather conditions
C the job was less dangerous than it is now. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . material
D he did not take any equipment with him on his chases.
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . flood
5 When film companies suggest making a film about his 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . effect
experiences, Faidley feels 6 . . . . . . . . . . . life to the fullest
A cautious. 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pursuits
B proud.
8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . winds
C excited.
D unimpressed. 9 to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the tale
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scorpion
6 In the final paragraph, we learn that Faidley
Warren Faidley makes his living
A puts work before anything else.
chasing tornadoes.
B makes sure every shot is perfect.
C is pleased that others admire his work.
D has some regrets about his life. Speaking
T hink! Tell your partner
Think!
6 four things you remember from
the text. Would you ever do such
a risky job? Why (not)? Discuss in
pairs.
Writing
7 Write a short summary of the
text. Swap papers with your
partner and check each others
writing. Check for the following:
all main points included
grammar mistakes
punctuation and spelling mistakes
cohesion
MODULE 1 7
3 Fill in the
correct word:
snow, showers,
temperature,
fog, sleet,
Vocabulary & Grammar sunny, ice,
sunshine.
1 Underline the adjectives that best modify the
following nouns. What are these phrases in
your language? Good evening, my name is Ian Fish. The good
1 fine/heavy drizzle 7 strong/thick fog news today is that the weather will be better than
yesterday, with less rain and more 1) . . . . . . . . . . The
2 strong/heavy shower 8 loud/thick
2) . . . . . . . . . will be a few degrees higher, but will
3 sudden/light thunderstorm
drop again from the early evening onwards, getting
downpour 9 powerful/mild as low as 2 degrees Celsius.
4 brief/unending hurricane
The weather tomorrow will continue to be
cloudburst 10 brief/destructive unsettled, with 3) . . . . . . . . . throughout the day.
5 powerful/freezing typhoon There should be a few 4) . . . . . . . . . periods, but later
sleet 11 heavy/thin snowfall in the afternoon the showers will be replaced with
6 violent/hard hailstorm 12 dense/light rain heavier, more prolonged rain, which will die out
later in the evening.
Drivers on Sunday will be hampered by thick
Word Power 5) . . . . . . . . . and very poor visibility. As the
(Sounds) temperature drops, there may also be patches of
8 MODULE 1
5 Fill in: flakes, drop, stones, gust, bolt. Everyday English
1 A small rain . . . . . . . . . fell on her face and ran down her cheek.
Expressing concern
2 A strong . . . . . . . . . of wind slammed the door closed.
3 Seconds after we saw a . . . . . . . . . of lightning in the sky, we heard 8 Use the language in the box to
act out dialogues for the
the thunder.
following situations.
4 They watched the snow . . . . . . . . . falling and covering the roofs
of their houses. Canada will be hit by heavy
5 Hail . . . . . . . . . the size of an orange dropped in the village snowstorms.
Connecticut will experience a
yesterday afternoon and damaged most of the houses.
rare summer blizzard.
The temperature in Manchester
Idioms will reach 38 C next month.
Dust storms from the Sahara
6 Fill in the appropriate idioms related to weather from the
list below. Are there similar idioms in your language?
Desert are spreading across
southern Europe.
weather permitting weatherbeaten under the weather
in all weathers weather the storm
Introducing a topic
Someone told me that
1 The old sailors face was . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . from all I read somewhere recently that
the years he had spent at sea. (aged by the weather) Did you know that ?
2 The stadium can be used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expressing concern
because the roof can be closed when it rains. (no matter what Oh, its just horrible!
the weather is like) I cant bear to think about it.
3 Well go for a picnic on Sunday, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I hate to think about it.
Lets hope its sunny! (if the weather is good) A: I read somewhere recently that
4 Together well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . until things get heavy snowstorms will hit Canada.
better. (get through difficulties) B: Oh, its just horrible!
5 I didnt go to school because I was feeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(not very well) Speaking
Inversion 9 Describe the pictures. Talk about
people, place, clothes, weather,
7
feelings.
Rewrite the sentences.
1 We have never seen such bad weather as this.
Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 We seldom go out now that winter has set in.
Seldom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 She was only able to drive to work when the roads had been
cleared.
Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 As soon as I got home it started to rain.
No sooner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 It hadnt rained so much since the autumn of 2000.
Not since . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 You wont be able to get a taxi unless it stops raining.
Not until . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Writing
10 Inforecast
7 If I had been told the party was cancelled, I wouldnt have come.
pairs, write the weather
Had . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for tomorrow. Use the
8 Jill doesnt like sitting in the sun and Jack doesnt either. text in Ex. 3 as a model. Present
it to the class.
Jack doesnt like sitting in the sun and neither . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MODULE 1 9
READING & USE OF ENGLISH PART 6
After fighting to protect whales for 40 years,
the biologist who discovered that
humpbacks sing still feels nothing but awe
for the huge animals.
Lead-in In 1971, biologist Roger Payne set out on what would
1 What do you know about humpback whales?
Which of these sentences are true about them?
be the first of many trips to Argentina. It was on one of
these trips that Payne came across a female white
1 Humpback whales move gracefully. whale and moved in closer. She was asleep, he
2 They produce songs that contain rhyme, rhythm recalls, but after a while she opened her eye and
and structure. looked me over. You could see her eyeball rolling in her
head and then she closed her eye again. Basically, the
3 They never sing the same song more than once.
whale was just saying, Well, if you've seen one of us,
4 They can hear each other across oceans.
you've seen them all.
5 They face extinction.
Born in 1935 in New York, Payne has been studying
6 The hunting of humpback whales hasnt been whales for 40 years. He has built his career on
banned yet. science and activism, but ask him what it's like to
Read the text and check your answers. What is swim with a whale and what you hear in his voice is
the authors purpose? awe. It's like nothing you've ever done. You cant
imagine that an animal that big could be so graceful.
Reading When you swim with them, you discover that they
3
extreme animal rights activists, however, believe that Choose the correct word. Compare with a
it is better to allow a species to become extinct than partner.
to 8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . them to a prisonlike zoo.
1 People should respect, value and conserve/keep
animal habitats.
2 Choose the correct word.
2 Its not easy for animals kept in zoos to adjust/
1 If we act now, we can save most species that match to life in the wild.
. . . . . . extinction. 3 WWF collaborates/correlates with other
A meet B face C deal D come organisations to protect animals.
2 The grey wolf plays a vital . . . . . . in the health of 4 If the rate of extinction/destruction accelerates,
ecosystems. lots of animals will disappear.
A task B part C role D post 5 Wildlife experts work together to ensure that
3 Oil spills . . . . . . major problems for sea otters. trade in wildlife products doesnt harm/effect a
A cause B post C role D produce species.
4 Deforestation is directly . . . . . . to the loss of many 6 Tigers are alone/solitary animals, which usually
species. only come together to mate.
A joined B related C matched D fixed 7 Loss of habitat is one of the pandas greatest
5 Caged pandas . . . . . . signs of unhappiness. threats/viruses.
A look B show C reveal D uncover 8 Tigers are endangered/troubled by loss of
6 The remote nests of the bald eagle make it . . . . . . habitat and illegal hunting.
to get exact information on numbers. 9 Entire turtle populations have been wiped out/
A difficult B reliable C unable D incapable disappeared in the last forty years.
7 Conservationists take . . . . . . wherever there is a 10 Global warming seems to have given/
problem. contributed to the decline of the American pika.
A call B need C action D demand
12 MODULE 4
The passive
6 Fill in the correct word derived from the words in bold.
4 Rewrite the sentences in the
passive. READING & USE OF ENGLISH PART 3
1 The plants of the rainforest generate
much of the Earths oxygen.
2 Scientists have investigated only 2
Worlds Wildlife in
per cent of 250,000 known plant 1) . . . . . . . . . . . are very concerned about the CONSERVE
species for their possible medicinal evergrowing number of endangered species in
value. the world. 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . problems such as ENVIRONMENT
3 Environmentalists are constantly freak weather conditions, fire and acid rain are
developing projects to ensure the resulting in the 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of vast areas DESTROY
survival of the ecosystem. of woodland and forest. These areas are home to
large numbers of animals and, as the land is vital
4 Governments and elected officials
to their 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , this is having SURVIVE
will need to pass tougher
alarming effects.
environmental laws.
5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . advocate the use of ECOLOGY
5 The oil exploration business nearly
ozonefriendly products and recycling to achieve
drove the Hawaiian monk seal to
a 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in environmental damage. REDUCE
extinction.
Safari parks have also been established in an
6 Greenpeace was protecting the attempt to give 7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . to animals from PROTECT
environment long before it became biggame hunters.
fashionable. Numbers are slowly
7 Whalers had hunted the blue beginning to
whale almost to extinction. increase and will
8 According to some estimates, 8) . . . . . . . . . continue HOPE
countries will have reduced to do so in the future.
greenhouse emissions in five years.
9 The dodo had never faced a
predator before humans invaded its
Key word transformations
natural habitat.
Read the whole sentence, then look at the key word. Think of the
10 Illegal hunters are going to destroy
structure tested. Use the given word to complete the second
the elephant population.
sentence. Check that the completed sentence makes sense.
7
The World Wildlife Fund protects
Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to
hundreds of species around the five words.
world, but it focuses special
attention on endangered species. 1 Developers are destroying large areas of forest every minute.
These species need special are Large areas of forest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . every minute.
measures and extra protection if 2 Governments have banned hunting elephants for their ivory.
they are to survive. The WWF is been Hunting elephants for their ivory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
currently funding over 2,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . governments.
projects. It also employs almost 3 Tuna fishing has caused a drop in the number of dolphins.
4,000 people across the planet, been A drop in the number of dolphins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
but it always needs more support tuna fishing.
from the public. Only the public
4 We should think about conservation more.
can ensure a living planet for
thought Conservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . about more.
future generations.
5 They didnt let me go out.
Hundreds of species around the made They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in.
world are protected by the World 6 If they had got there a minute later, theyd have missed the train.
Wildlife Fund. just They got there . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . catch the train.
MODULE 4 13
4 You are going to read a magazine article about
ecologists who have written books. For questions
110, choose from the people (AD).
B D Amory Lovins is a
Wangari Maathai began
her role as an visionary who has seen
environmental many of his ideas become
campaigner in 1977, reality. Lovins founded the
Rocky Mountain Institute
when she founded the
that develops low-energy
Green Belt Movement in
devices, such as the
Kenya. Since then, it has
hypercar that runs on
planted over 30 million
hydrogen. It emits nothing but drinking water, but it
trees and provided work for thousands of women.
performs like a Porsche, he says.
In her book, The Green Belt Movement: Sharing the In his latest book, Winning the Oil Endgame, Lovins
Approach and the Experience, Wangari explains how doesn't talk about the environment as a social or
forests affect the availability of rain and underground ethical issue, instead he argues that governments and
water as well as soil fertility and clean air. The link businesses should value what nature provides.
between the rural population and natural resources is Protecting the climate is not costly but profitable for
very direct. There is illegal logging and so there is the obvious reason that it's cheaper to save fuel than
soil erosion and no clean water to drink, she says. to buy it, he explains. Population growth and
In 2004, Wangari became the first African woman to consumption make it tougher to keep nature's
be awarded the Nobel peace prize for her contribution services flowing to us, but there's even more
to sustainable development, democracy and peace. progress in technologies that can get so much more
She says, We are aware that our children have a out of our energy and water resources. Lovins sees a
right to a world which is free of pollution, rich with future without the pollution and political problems of
biological diversity and has a climate which will relying on fossil fuels like oil. Eliminating energy
sustain all forms of life. waste, he insists, is just as useful as a new oil well
or power plant, and its kinder to the environment.
MODULE 4 15
1 3
2
Vocabulary
& Grammar
1 Describe the pictures. What do they show?
Picture 1 shows a man cutting down a tree. etc
8 Factory owners should do more to . . . . the
2 Use the table to make sentences. environment.
A build B protect C value D estimate
Causes Consequences Solutions 9 Environmental . . . . are on the front pages of most
factories acid rain use filters newspapers these days.
produce sulphur air pollution catalytic cars A issues B topics C themes D editions
cars emit gases greenhouse ozone friendly 10 Conservationists think there is little time to . . . . .
sprays effect products A play B spend C work D act
damage ozone animal introduce laws
layer extinction against hunting Phrasal verbs
hunters deforestation start planting
illegal logging campaigns 4 Fill in the appropriate particle(s). Check in
Appendix I. Make sentences using the phrasal
verbs.
Factories produce sulphur and as a consequence
there is acid rain. Using filters would reduce this. 1 Do you know what WWF stands . . . . . . . . . . . ?
3
Yes, World Wildlife Fund.
Choose the correct word. Compare with your
partner. 2 Because animals cant defend themselves, its
important we stand . . . . . . . . . . . them.
1 Sometimes in zoos, animals are . . . . to live in
3 Hunting deer is allowed in some parts of the
unsuitable cages.
country to keep their numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A urged C obliged
B required D forced 4 The young boy was let . . . . . . . . with a fine after
2 We must find a(n) . . . . to fossil fuels. he was caught fishing illegally.
A option C choice 5 The environmental organisation was giving
B alternative D replacement . . . . . . . notebooks and pens.
3 Conservation schemes are a . . . . of interest to Conditionals/Wishes GR p. 150
many activists.
A source C spring 5 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct
tense.
B basis D foundation
4 Maintain eye contact and . . . . your audience 1 If people cared more about the environment, the
directly to capture their attention. world . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) a better place to live in.
A tell C speak 2 I wish people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not/drive) their
B lecture D address cars so often and use public transport instead.
5 In recent times, we have seen radical . . . . to the 3 If only I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (know) about your
worlds ecosystem. problem, I would have helped you.
A alterations C changes
4 If people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (work) together, our
B variations D modifications
world would be a better place.
6 Everyone can make a . . . . to saving the planet.
5 If the Minister . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not/give) his
A payment C contribution approval, this wouldnt have happened.
B donation D difference
6 If the ozone layer keeps depleting, we . . . . . . . . . .
7 The World Wildlife Fund was . . . . in Switzerland. (run) a much higher risk of developing skin
A discovered C instituted cancer.
B created D founded
16 MODULE 4
Prepositions
READING & USE OF ENGLISH PART 4
Key word transformations 8 Fill in the correct preposition. Check in
Appendix II.
6 Complete the sentences using the words in
bold. Use two to five words.
1 Recycling will prevent further damage . . . . . . . . the
environment.
1 It would have been better if you had taken the 2 It is wrong to experiment . . . . . . . . animals.
early train. 3 Increased traffic leads to an increase . . . exhaust
only If . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the early train. fumes.
2 I didnt go to the meeting because I didnt know 4 Consumers need to insist . . . . . . . . products that
about it. dont harm animals.
known If . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the meeting,
5 Climate change has been obvious . . . . . . . . scientists
I would have gone.
for many years.
3 Youd think he owns the place.
6 We must protect even tiny insects . . . . . extinction.
though He behaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
the place. 7 We should prevent hunters . . . . . . . killing animals.
4 You shouldnt have told her my secret. 8 We all need to protest . . . . . . . . global warming.
told Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . her my secret.
5 You ought to have finished the project by now. 9 For questions 18, read the text below and
think of the word that best fits each gap. Use
time Its . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the project. only one word in each gap. There is an
6 I think you should join an environmental group. example at the beginning (0).
were If . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , I would
READING & USE OF ENGLISH PART 2
join an environmental group.
they enter
Everyday English From the moment (0) ..........
the sea as tiny hatchlings, male
sea turtles never return to land, and
Repeating/Confirming
females only leave the water to lay
7 Read the newspaper headlines, then use the
table to discuss them.
their eggs.
From the age of about 30, a female returns every
MALAYSIA TO CLONE 2-4 years to the area (1) .......... she herself hatched
TOURISM DESTROYING often to the very (2) .......... beach. This may
HIMALAYAS THREATENED TURTLES
involve a journey of thousands of kilometres. The
MONKEYS SEIZED turtle crawls onto the beach and digs a hole in the
GLACIAL LAKE VANISHES 900 sand with her back flippers. She lays (3) .......... 70
POACHERS
IN SOUTHERN CHILE
FROM
and 200 eggs in the hole, covers the nest with
TISTS sand, and then crawls (4) .......... to the sea.
DEAD SEABIRDS ALARM SCIEN
After about 2 months, the eggs hatch and the baby
turtles (5) .......... several days to dig their way to
Asking for repetition
the surface. Waiting until night, the hatchlings
What did you say?
emerge from the nest in groups and head for the
(Sorry) could you say that again, please?
sea. They dive into a wave and swim (6) .......... a
Could you repeat that, please?
day or two without stopping, using sea currents to
Asking for confirmation Repeating carry them away from the dangers of land and
Did you say ? I said shallow waters.
Do you mean to say What I said was And there certainly are dangers. Apart (7) ..........
that ? I said that people, various animals dig up the eggs for food,
and 90% of the hatchlings are eaten by a range of
A: Tourism is destroying the Himalayas.
predators including seabirds, crabs and large fish.
B: What did you say?
To (8) .......... matters worse, street lighting near
A: I said that the Himalayas are facing problems
nesting beaches can confuse hatchlings much that
because of tourists.
they actually head away from the sea.
MODULE 4 17
Listening Part 1
1 You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 18, choose the best
answer (A, B, or C). Which dialogues are formal? informal?
1 You hear a conversation between two people in a 5 You hear part of a speech on work issues. Why do
shop. What is the woman annoyed about? people miss work?
A Shell have to go to the bank. A They have serious illnesses.
B She wont get her money back. B They feel they are not valued.
C Shell have to return to the shop later. C They are under too much stress.
2 You hear part of an announcement on the radio. 6 You hear an actress being interviewed on the radio.
What does the presenter suggest? What doesnt she like about her job?
A Trees will be blown down. A other actors behaviour
B People should stay at home. B long hours on set
C The roads must be closed. C getting up early
3 You hear a man on the radio talking about 7 You hear a retired person talking about his hobby.
developments in the music industry. How does he Why did he take up gardening?
feel about them? A He is fascinated by nature.
A Collecting music isnt as pleasurable anymore. B It keeps him in good shape.
B The changes have taken him by surprise. C It became his responsibility.
C There isnt any good music on the Internet.
8 You hear a woman talking on the radio. What is
4 You hear a man talking to his neighbour. Why is he she?
moving? A a painter
A He has found a better area. B a photographer
B He has got a new job. C a zookeeper
C He needs more space.
18 MODULE 4
Listening Part 2 Listening Part 4
2 You will hear a talk by a man called Sam Ciustrami
who studies volcanoes. For questions 918, complete the
sentences.
4 You will hear a travel
writer, Marius Liugiasi, talking.
For questions 2430, choose the
best answer (A, B or C). Is the
interview formal or informal?
24 Marius says his profession
A is rewarding.
B is wellpaid.
Sam says that if a volcano has erupted within the past C is the ideal job.
9 years, it is considered to be active.
25 Marius feels that one bonus of his
Sam says Indonesia has approximately job is
10 volcanoes. A learning other languages.
More than half 11 people live near an B developing a good memory.
active volcano. C finding out more about yourself.
Land surrounding volcanoes is inhabited because it is very 26 What does Marius find it difficult
12 . to do?
Often, the frequency of 13 increases when A write at least one story every
a volcano is getting ready to erupt. week
B capture the sights, noises and
74,000 years ago, the earths climate was affected by a
scents of a place
volcanic eruption in 14 .
C force himself to write when he
Mount Toba sent so much ash into the atmosphere, the world is having fun
got cooler by 15 .
27 Marius advice to wouldbe travel
Sam says he enjoys his work because he is like writers is
16 . A not to be disappointed if you
Sam believes its unusual to work in a profession people find fail to become wellknown.
so 17 . B do not do this job if you like
challenges.
There are volcanic eruptions on Earth 18 . C you need more than just a
passion for writing.
School
What do you like/dislike about your school?
What is a typical school day like for you?
Describe your best friend at school.
What is your favourite school subject? Why?
Entertainment
How often do you watch films? What kind of films do you like?
What is your favourite form of entertainment? Why?
What is your least favourite form of entertainment? Why?
Would you prefer to go bowling or to an amusement park? Why?
Lifestyle
What is your daily routine?
How much free time do you have? What do you like to do in it?
Do you live in the city/country? What do you like/dislike about it?
What do you usually do in the evenings?
20 MODULE 1
Candidate B: Compare the pictures.What types of problems do people
who experience these disasters face?
C D
Key language
Listen to a model answer. How does each speaker justify their points?
MODULE 1 21
PLAN
Reports
Reports are normally written by someone in authority (e.g. your
Introduction
employer, the local council, the head of a committee, etc) and contain Para 1 state the purpose and
factual information. content of your report
Reports present and evaluate the positive and negative qualities of a
person (i.e. an employee) or a building/place (i.e. a hotel, a Main Body*
restaurant, a shop, a cinema complex, etc) in order to make a Paras 25 summarise each point
judgement or recommendation about them. under suitable
subheadings
Reports should consist of:
(assessment: positive
a) an introduction in which you state the purpose and content of and negative points)
the report/proposal.
b) a main body in which you present each topic in detail under Conclusion
suitable subheadings. Final para general assessment
c) a conclusion which summarises the information from the main and/or
body and states your general assessment and/or recommendation. recommendation
Reports are written in a formal, impersonal style. You should use * The number of the main body
factual language, passive voice and full verb forms. You should paragraphs may vary depending
also write fairly short sentences to help your reader pick out the on the rubric.
information easily. Present tenses are normally used for reports.
A report usually starts by stating who it is addressed to and what
their position is, the writers name and position, what it is about Model analysis
and the date.
e.g. To: Thomas Prescott, Council Chairman 1 Read the rubric, underline the
key words and answer the
From: Mary Scott, Senior Manager questions.
Subject: Big Screen Cinema Complex
Date: 3rd June 20..... Your headmistress has asked you
to assess a newly established
Ideas should be linked using linking words and phrases.
local wildlife park to see if it is
To list points: Firstly/ In the first place/ To begin with;
Secondly/ Then/ Furthermore ; Finally/ Last
suitable to use for field trips.
To make concessions: Although ; while ; despite the fact Write your report (140-190
that words), describing what there is
To add emphasis: Especially ; in particular ; particularly; to see and do there, and what
etc the facilities and prices are like.
To express your opinion: I feel ; I believe ; I am
convinced ; I am confident 1 Who is going to read your report?
To make suggestions/recommendations: I (would) (strongly) 2 Who are you and why are you
suggest/recommend ; If we (did this/were to do this) ; One writing it?
solution/suggestion would be to ; it would be a good idea to
3 What information should you
To express cause and effect: By (doing this), we could/ would include in your report?
; (Doing this) would (solve the problem, etc) ; In this way, 4 Which of the following subheadings
we could ; in order to ; so that ; (this) would mean that will you use? Decide in pairs.
; As a result
Location & Staff
To conclude: In short, In conclusion, On the whole, To sum up,
All in all Wildlife & Activities
Introduction
Availability & Booking
Facilities & Prices
Recommendation
22 MODULE 1
2 Read the report and fill in the missing headings. What type
of report is it? Then complete the table below in your
3 Find examples of formal,
impersonal style in the report.
notebooks. Compare with your partner.
As requested (factual language)
.............................
5 Complete the following with the
linkers in the list. Compare with
Firstly, there is ample wildlife to see including deer, reindeer, wild
your partner.
boars and llamas and many birds. Also, children can hand-feed
lambs, goats and deer and there are regular times throughout the in particular
day when visitors can hold and pet the animals. There are also a lot In this way
of wild flowers, trees, insects and woodland creatures that can be Firstly
spotted on the nature walks through the wooded countryside. This Then
is a great experience, despite the fact that some of the signs are in although
need of repair. Despite the fact
............................. Furthermore
The park has excellent facilities, in particular an educational centre All in all
with information about all the animals and plants in the park. It also
offers the opportunity for children to gain practical experience of 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , there
animals. Other facilities include a picnic area, a childrens play area,
a caf and a gift shop, although these are rather expensive. The
are not enough rubbish bins in the
park is open all year round and entrance is 4.50 for adults and
town. Secondly, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.50 per child. we have started a recycling
scheme, not enough people are
recycling their rubbish.
...................
the whole, 2 I believe we should increase
On
Chippin g Wildlife Park fundraising efforts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
has a lot of wildlife to . . . . . . . . . , we will be able to allocate
see and excelle nt more funds where they are needed.
facilities including an 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , it is highly important
educational centre. to recruit new volunteers.
Taking everything into
account, I am 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . there
convinc ed it would be are a number of minor repairs to
a highly suitable be made, the village hall is suitable
place for school to use for the charity auction.
outings, and I would 5 In the first place, there is not
strongly recommend enough parking space. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
it.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , there are no
facilities for the disabled.
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , we would
be able to attract more visitors.
Subheadings Positive points Negative points 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , the park is
an excellent place to host the
event.
MODULE 1 23
Style in reports MODEL B
24 MODULE 1
3 Read the extract below and replace the
words/phrases in bold with ones from the list.
5 Read the rubrics, underline the key words and
answer the questions.
what is more
1 You recently attended a conference for local
for example environmental groups. The president of your
therefore group has asked you to write a report on the
finally conference. You should mention both the
excellent positive and negative aspects of your experience,
and make suggestions for future improvements.
Write your report (140190 words).
B lackpool Zoo is one of the best
zoos in the country. 1) What I
mean is, it is home to over 1500
2 You are a member of ecological group and your
recent fundraising activities have raised a lot of
animals, birds and insects from over
money. The leader of the group has asked you to
400 species 2) so it has a lot to offer
write a report suggesting the best way to use the
visitors. 3) Also, there are many other
money to benefit the environment and the local
educational attractions including the
Dinosaur Safari, the Creepy Crawly
community.
Experience, craft workshops, events and Write your report (140190 words).
exhibitions. 4) Lastly, there are 5) good facilities
including cafs and restaurants, a family gift shop, an 1 Who is going to read your report?
exhibition hall, a children's soft play area, a lecture 2 Who are you and why are you writing the report?
theatre, arcade and toilets.
3 What style should you use?
4 Will you use subheadings? If so, suggest suitable
4 a) Read the rubric, then read the notes and
match them to the headings. Expand them
ones.
5 What information should you include in the main
into full sentences. body?
You volunteer for a new environmental 6 What linking words can you use?
charity which is planning its first annual Choose one of the tasks from Ex. 5 and write
meeting. The president has asked you to write your report. Swap with a partner. Evaluate
a report about the suitability of the Highton your partners piece of writing. Use the
Hotel for the meeting. Write your report checklist below.
(140190 words) including information about
the conference facilities, other hotel facilities,
CHECKLIST FOR REPORTS
food and cost as well as commenting on the
good and bad aspects of the hotel. Organisation
Does the report follow a specific layout?
Limited dates available Expensive menu
Are there subheadings? Are they clear to you?
Large varied menu Disabled access
Does the introduction clearly state the purpose of
Discount for large numbers
the report?
Large conference room Central location
Large car park Do the main body paragraphs each present a
Conference coordinator makes arrangements separate point?
Delicious homecooked food Does the conclusion summarise the report and
Overhead projector, screen and sound system give a judgement or recommendation?
available
Comfortable seating Language
Choice of buffet or sitdown meal
What style is the report written in?
Conference Facilities Do the sentences use polite, factual language?
Hotel Facilities
Food Which tenses are used?
Cost
Has advanced vocabulary been used?
b) Which points are positive and which are What linkers have been used?
negative?
Are there any spelling, grammar and/or
c) In pairs, write a suitable introduction. punctuation errors?
MODULE 1 25
1 Look at the picture and the title of the text. How do you
think a city farm might differ from a traditional farm?
What can you see and do there? Read through and check.
26 MODULE 1
1 Look at the picture and
the title of the article. What do
you think the article is about?
Listen, read and check.
Geography
2 Read the text and mark the
sentences (15) as T (true) or
F (false).
1 Average global temperatures have
increased in the last century.
2 The 1990s were one of the coldest
decades on record.
3 Polar bears hunt for seals all year
round.
4 The Hudson Bay population of
polar bears has decreased over the
last 10 years.
5 Polar bears are at great risk due to
G
lobal warming is a hot topic that show
global warming. s little sign of cooling
down. The Earths climate is changing,
but precisely whether
we can stop the process is uncertain.
3 Match the words in bold in the
text to their synonyms in the list
average global temperatures have incr
degree, while in Alaska, North-Western
Over the last century
eased by approximately one
below. Canada and Eastern Russia it
is believed average temperatures have
increased by as much as three
1 amount of 10unclear to four degrees. In the Northern Hem
food isphere, the spring thaw occurs
11consequences nine days earlier and the winter freeze
happens about ten days later
2 types 12 states than it did 150 years ago and the last
two decades have been the
warmest ever recorded since the mid-180
3 fall down 13 choosing not to eat 0s.
Global warming has serious repercussio
4 maintain 14 discharge ns for life on the planet. One
immediate result is that many animal spe
5 shrinking 15 lessening cies are fighting for survival.
One example is the polar bear population
that lives in the Hudson Bay
6 exactly 16 became less area of Northern Manitoba. The reducti
on in ice, as well as a shorter
7 disturbing winter season, means that the bears hav
speeds e a reduced hunting period.
17 places where a For some bears, their yearly food inta
ke has decreased by as much
8 gone up wild animal gives as ten kilograms. Some of them are not
able to survive the summer
9 disastrous birth to its young fast period because they have not stor
ed enough energy to sustain
themselves. They need the ice to cov
er the sea during the winter
months so they can hunt for seals,
their main source of food.
Think!
Think!
4
However, the sea ice is melting and
In pairs, write a list breaking up because of global
of things that must be done to warming. Glaciers and icebergs are
receding and disappearing at
improve the condition of the alarming rates. Studies suggest that the
West Hudson Bay polar bear
environment and reduce global population has decreased by as much
as 20 percent in just 10 years.
warming. Share your ideas with Warmer weather in the region also
the class. has a cataclysmic effect on
female bears and their maternity den
s. Many dens collapse in the
spring due to heavy rains and trap the
mothers and their cubs. In
some instances, the increased tempera
tures melt the frozen ground
where the dens are located, also cau
sing them to collapse. Unless
ICT Research another animal the mother and cubs are rescued, mos
t of these animals die.
that is affected by global If we continue to do nothing to reduce
the emission of greenhouse
warming. Prepare a short gases and continue to pollute our environ
ment, ice conditions in the
presentation to share your Hudson Bay area will not be able
to sustain and support its
findings with the class. You can population of polar bears and we
will have forced yet another
visit this website: species into extinction.
http://www.greenpeace.org
MODULE 1 27
ro g re s s C heck 1
P 2 We didnt go on that holiday because it wasnt
1 Fill in: wiped out, exterminated, passed, protect,
eliminate, sustain, destroyed, depicts, captured, ban.
environmentally friendly.
been If . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . environmentally
friendly, we would have gone.
1 We should . . . . . . . . . animal habitats, not destroy them.
3 She didnt join the organisation and now she cant
2 It is said that dinosaurs were . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when an go to the meeting.
asteroid hit the Earth 65 million years ago. wished She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the organisation,
3 The international agreement to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . then she could go to the meeting.
whaling has been in force since 1986. 4 Firefighters evacuated the area.
4 Our group is pushing for a law to be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . was The area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . firefighters.
which would stop people trespassing in the area. 5 They ought to have banned salmon fishing on the
5 If something isnt done soon, the rainforest will be lake by now.
completely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . been Salmon fishing on the lake . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 As trees are cut down, habitats that . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . by now.
local wildlife are destroyed.
7 After they had . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the lion, they sent it 5 Rewrite the sentences. ( Points: ___
5X3 15 )
to a conservation park. 1 As soon as it got hot and windy, a forest fire broke
8 Millions of rats were . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in order to try out. No sooner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
and prevent an epidemic. 2 I have never heard of anything crueller than
9 The film . . . . . . . . the life story of an environmentalist. killing animals for sport. Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 One aim of doctors is to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . diseases 3 He was only able to enter the conservation area
such as malaria. after he had shown the proper papers.
( Points: ___
10X2 20 ) Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 If they had known how much damage the tourists
2 Fill in with: destructive, coin, natural, keep in,
soil, ozone, radical, acid, eye, ruin.
would cause, they wouldnt have let them come.
Had . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 ............ forces 6 . . . . . . . of the storm
5 The number of species disappearing will never
2 ............ rain 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . changes decrease unless people stop polluting.
3 ............ friendly 8 . . . . . . . ones career Not until . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 ............ habitats 9 . . . . . . . . . . . captivity
( Points: ___
5X4 20 )
6
5 ............ fertility 10 . . . . . . . . . . . the term
Complete the missing prepositions.
( Points: ___
10X1 10 ) 1 It should be illegal to experiment . . . . . . . animals.
3 Rewrite the sentences using the passive. 2 We should insist . . . . . . . governments punishing
businesses that cause pollution.
1 The factory dumped large amounts of toxic waste 3 The group stands . . . . . . . the rights of animals.
into the lake.
4 Shelley didnt know what RSPCA stands . . . . . . . .
2 The local government is proposing a law to stop
5 Poachers shouldnt be let . . . . . . . . with a fine
fishing at night.
3 The poachers shot twelve gorillas last month.
when they are caught the first time. Points: ___
( 5X3 15 )
4 Greenpeace is holding a rally in the local stadium.
5 People say that the Earth is heating up fast.
Now I can ... ( My score: ___
100 )
talk about endangered animals and
( Points: ___
5X4 20 )
environmental issues
repeat and confirm
4 Complete the sentences using the words in
bold. Use two to five words.
express concern
use the passive, conditionals/wishes, inversion
make a presentation on humpback whales
1 It would have been better if they hadnt built the
write a summary of a text
power plant here.
write reports
only If . . . . . . . . . . built the power plant here. ... in English
28 MODULE 1
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