Written by: Phil Yates and Wayne Turner Cover and Internal Art: Vincent Wai

Assistant Writers: James Brown, Andrew Haught Miniatures Painting: Aaron Mathie
Editors: Peter Simunovich, John-Paul Brisigotti Web Support: Blake Coster, Charlie Roberts
Graphic Design: Casey Davies, Sean Goodison Playtest Groups: Battleground Club Rostov-on-Don (Alexander Ilyn),
Proof Readers: David Adlam, Mark Goddard, Mitchell Landrum, Stephen Smith Dads Army (Gavin van Rossum), Octopus & Friends (Michal Jozwiak),
Miniatures Design: Evan Allen, Tim Adcock, Matt Bickley, Will Jaynes Wargames Association of Reading (Ian Brook)

Playing Flames Of War . . . . . 2 Snipers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 German Special Rules . . . . . . . . . . . 71

What You Need . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
How It Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Teams and Units . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Formations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Select Aiming Point . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intelligence Handbooks . . . . . . . . . . 9 Rotate to Face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Motivation Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Skill Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Terrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Turn Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Mobility and Movement . . . . . . . . . 18
Staying In Command . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Moving Through Terrain . . . . . . . . 20
Terrain Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Transports and Passengers . . . . . . . . 22
Movement Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Shooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Shoot Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Shooting at Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Check Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Check Line of Sight . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Check for Concealment . . . . . . . . . 29
Declare Targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Rotate to Face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Roll to Hit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Assign Hits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Mistaken Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Roll Saves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Bailed Out Tank Teams . . . . . . . . . 38
Destroyed Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Pinned Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Firing Smoke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Flame-throwers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the
prior written permission of the publisher, nor be otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a
similar condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
Copyright Battlefront Miniatures Ltd., 2017. ISBN: 9780987668974
Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 British Special Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Soviet Special Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Artillery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Fortifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Who Can Bombard . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Pick Spotting Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Entrenchments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Check Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Bunkers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
46 Obstacles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
47 Minefields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Roll to Range In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Booby Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Engineering Equipment . . . . . . . . . 80
Roll to Hit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Roll Saves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Demolition Carriers . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
AVRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Pin Down Target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Bombardment Firepower and Deploying Fortifications . . . . . . . . . 83
Anti-tank ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Picking Your Force . . . . . . . . 86
Repeating Bombardments . . . . . . . . 49 Night Fighting . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Rocket Launchers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Time of Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Air Observation Posts . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Smoke Bombardments . . . . . . . . . . 51 Missions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Selecting Your Mission . . . . . . . . . . 92
Assaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Who Attacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Who Can Assault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Leading from the Front . . . . . . . . . 52
Winning the Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Charge into Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Victory Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Opponents Defensive Fire . . . . . . . 55
Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Roll to Hit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Mission Special Rules . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Roll Saves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Annihilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Check If the Assault is Over . . . . . . 57
Free For All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Test to Counterattack . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Dust Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Counterattack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Encounter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
or Break Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Counterattack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Unit Last Stand . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Hasty Attack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Formation Last Stand . . . . . . 61 Rear Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Breakthrough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Armoured Trains . . . . . . . . . . 62 No Retreat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Special Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Bridgehead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Equipment Special Rules . . . . . . . . 65
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Weapon Special Rules . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Special Abilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Quick Reference Sheet . . . 106
US Special Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

1
 A lone jeep drives slowly down a deserted road as the crew scan the village ahead for signs of life. Without
warning the distinctive ripping canvas sound of a German machine-gun tears the silence, bullets whizzing past
as the driver throws the jeep into reverse. Guns start barking as the watching armoured cars open fire covering
the jeeps speedy retreat.
The captain watching the unfolding drama from the turret of his tank spoke into his mike. OK John, theyre
there. Clear em out. Over The rearguard is no surprise. His company has dealt with a dozen just like it in the last
week alone. Like a well-oiled machine his platoons swing into action. Tanks and armoured infantry advancing on
the town as the artillerys first shells start falling amongst the defenders. A second group swings cross country,
flanking the position.
Ambush! Tigers! a strained voice bursts over the radio, punctuated by deeper cracks as the heavy tanks opened
fire. Three Tigers in the north woods, a calmer voice crackles in the headphones. I need smoke. Ive lost two
tanks. Well back off and try to flank them, Over.

The captain faces a dilemma. Should he call forward his reserve The first mission, Free For All on page 97, is a great place to
tank platoon against the Tiger tanks? Or should he send it start. Set up the four tanks on each side, dont worry about
around the other flank, seeking an easier route forward? points, grab their Intelligence Handbook and look up their
The captain is you. What will you do? characteristics in the Arsenal, and start playing. Take it slowly
at first, looking up the rules as you go, and by the end of the
In Flames Of War, you get the chance to find out. You can
game youll pretty much know how to play Flames Of War.
set up a miniature battlefield with model tanks and soldiers
Add a few more teams for the next game, and slowly build
representing the real-life troops that fought in World
up your experience as you go. Before you know it, youll be a
War 2. You and your opponent assume the roles of their
veteran tank commander!
commanders, pitting your wits and cunning against one
another to attain victory and, more importantly, to have fun.
WEBSITE
THE CHALLENGE OF COMMAND The Flames Of War website is the ultimate resource for
Flames Of War allows you to re-fight the key battles of the World War II gamers, whatever their level of experience.
Second World War. Can you turn the tide of the war in your Youll find information about all the armies, unique
favour? Can your American beach assault troops overwhelm downloadable content, inspirational photos, and all the
the defenders on the beaches of Normandy? Can you lead latest news. The forum is the perfect place to meet other
Zhuhovs red armies to success as they push the Germans Flames Of War players and compare tactics, get advice
from the Mother Russia? Can your veteran British soldiers on your next army, or find answers to all your rules
defeat the hard fighting Germans as you push into Germany? questions. Go to www.flamesofwar.com now!
Can your German grenadiers throw back the Allies from the
Fatherland? Flames Of War lets you find out.
This rulebook is your guide to fighting these battles in
miniature. With it you can take command of a company
or battalion of soldiers and pit yourself against cunning
opponents on the field of battle. You will see for yourself
whether the American M4 Sherman tank has the measure of
the German panzers. You will find out if you have the guts to
stop a massed charge Soviet of infantry, or the cold-blooded
ruthlessness to launch your own!
Flames Of War combines the joys of painting and modelling
your own miniature army with the challenge of facing off
against your opponent across a gaming table in a social
setting, and youll get to recreate history as it might have been!

GETTING STARTED
The easiest way of learning the rules is to visit a store or
club where experienced players can run you through an
introductory game and introduce you to other players.
If you dont have a store handy, you can teach yourself
quite easily. Read through this book, dont worry about
remembering it all, you can look it up again later, then play
a small game with a friend.

2
You dont need much to start a game of Flames Of War.
Heres what you need.
AN OPPONENT
Flames Of War is a social game played by two or more play-
ers, so grab a friend and get started.
TWO ARMIES
The Flames Of War range of 15mm (1/100th) scale miniatures
is specifically designed for the game and is available through
all good hobby stores.
THIS RULEBOOK
This rulebook contains all the rules you need to play
Flames Of War.
AN INTELLIGENCE HANDBOOK
Flames Of War has a great variety of forces to field. You can
find these in our Intelligence Handbooks. These provide all
the organisations, points, characteristic, you need to create
an army for Flames Of War. For a how to use these book see
pages 6 to 9 and for a full list of available books see page 9.
In addition, you can also get these in a digital formate
through the Flames Of War Digital App available through
the Google Play store for Android or the iTunes App
Store for iPad. Another option is Forces Of War found at
http://forces.flamesofwar.com, our force builder where you
can create your forces online.
A TEMPLATE
Artillery and aircraft are not precision weapons. Their shells
and bombs blanket a wide area, possibly wiping out dozens
of the enemy at a time. An Artillery Template makes it easy
to work out who is hit, and who isnt, when you introduce
these weapons into your games (pages 45-51).
The Battlefield in a Box Gaming Mat is double-sided,
letting you fight battles both in the Desert and on the Eastern Front.
A BATTLEFIELD
Whether its the kitchen table or a custom-built gaming
table, youll need a large flat surface to play the game. A
6x4 (180cm x 120cm) board covered by a Battlefield in a
Box Gaming Mat, a green sheet, or painted and flocked, all
make ideal battlefield bases.
TERRAIN
Youll need a selection of terrain like hills, woods, fields,
hedges, buildings, and roads to create a realistic battlefield
for your troops to fight over.
The pre-painted terrain in the Battlefield in a Box range
makes setting up a battlefieldeasy.
DICE
Flames Of War uses ordinary six-sided dice. You can person-
alise your force with army-specific dice marked with your
forces insignia.
TOKENS
Even though they are toy soldiers, your troops react to heavy
fire like real soldiers. Sometimes they get pinned down or
bail out of their tanks. They get stuck in rough terrain and
go to ground, hiding from the enemy. Tokens help you keep
track of the state of your troops.
TAPE MEASURE
Youll need a tape measure or ruler to measure movement and
shooting ranges. You can use Metric or Imperial measure
ments, whichever suits you best.
3
 Reality is immensely complex and rather messy. This game
has the advantage of giving players virtually unlimited
opportunities to fight new battles and collect new armies.
Unfortunately, it also requires rules to cover the many aspects
of something as big as the battles of World War II. The good
news is that you dont need to know all of the rules to play
the game. You can start with the basics and add things like
infantry, artillery, and even aircraft when you are ready.
To help you understand the rules, this section explains some
of the concepts behind the game.
DIE ROLLS
Flames Of War uses the same standard six-sided dice that
games like Monopoly and Yahtzee use.
When the rules say to roll a die, they give a number that you
must equal or exceed, for example, 3+ (a roll of 3, 4, 5, or
6 means success), or 5+ (a roll of 5 or 6 means success). Any
roll lower than the number means the attempt has failed.
In some cases, such as shooting at partly concealed targets,
the number needed for success will be modified.
Add +1 to the required score for each of the modifiers that
apply at the time. For instance, if you normally need a 3+
to hit the enemy, but the target was both (a) at long range
and (b) concealed in a wood, the required score on each die
would go up to 5+.
If the score needed goes above 6, the following rules apply:
If the score needed is 7 and the die roll is 6, then the roll
succeeds on a further roll of 5+.
If the score needed is 8 and the die roll is 6, then the roll
succeeds on a further roll of 6.
If the score needed is 9 or more, then the roll
cannot succeed.
Sometimes the score required is shown as Auto. This means
that the roll will automatically succeed. On the other hand,
4
if any other score is modified to be better than 2+ (such as an
attempt to hit a target normally requiring a 3+ to hit with a
massive artillery bombardment giving a -3 modifier), it will
always fail on a roll of 1.
If the rules require you to roll more than one die, treat each
roll as a separate success or failure.
RE-ROLLS
In some situations, where your first roll fails, you may be
allowed a re-roll. A re-roll is just what the name saysyou
get to ignore the first attempt and roll the die again. The
score on the second die roll is what counts. You never get
more than one re-roll per situation.
MEASURING
Flames Of War gives game measurements in both inches
(Imperial) and centimetres (Metric). You should agree on
which system you and your opponent will use before the
game beginsyou must use one of these two systems, not
switch between both. Generally, its a good idea to use the
system you are most familiar with.
You are allowed to measure any distances on the battlefield
any time you want to. You can measure how far your
weapons can shoot, how far the opponents weapons can
shoot, or even whether or not you have enough movement
to assault at the end of the turn. After all, your soldiers have
maps, range-finders, and binoculars to help them work these
things out.
TALK TO YOUR OPPONENT
You can make your game flow more easily by letting your
opponent know what your intention is when moving your
forces. If you tell them you are intending to stay out of
range, or that you think your troops are completely out
of sight behind a wood, it reduces disputes if a model gets
bumped later.
WYSIWYG
Flames Of War is a What You See Is What You Get, or
WYSIWYG, game. One miniature represents one soldier
or vehicle. In many cases you can resolve difficulties by
remembering this and taking a look at the situation from a
models-eye view, down on the ground so to speak. Have a
look at what your miniature could see from where they are or
where they could go on the terrain as modelled.
SPECIAL RULES
To keep things simple, the main part of the Flames Of War
rules only cover the more common cases. Rules that are spe-
cific to certain weapons, vehicles, units, or armies are given
as special rules.
These special rules either add additional capabilities or allow
the teams and platoons that use them to break the normal
rules. When a special rule conflicts with the normal rules,
apply the specialrule.
HINTS AND TIPS
There are hints and tips in various places to help you learn
the game. These are not rules, just ideas on how to play the
game quickly and simply.
A Hint or Tip looks like this.
RULES HIGHLIGHT
Occasional we will highlight a rule that is important or
modifies something in our Intelligence Handbooks.
A Rules Highlight looks like this.
WHEN THINGS HAPPEN
Normally turns in Flames Of War follow a straightforward
sequence. However, some rules, particularly special rules,
cause things to happen out of turn. An example of this would
be anti-aircraft weapons engaging enemy aircraft when they
appear in the enemy turn.
When this happens, interrupt the normal turn sequence,
resolve the unusual activity, then return to where you were
and continue the turn.
WHEN THINGS GET TRICKY
In a hobby such as wargaming, its impossible to over-
emphasise the importance of being a good sport. Whether
you are crushing your opponent or you are on the receiving
end of an almighty pummelling, its always good to remember
that whatever the outcome of the battle, playing is all about
having fun.
Some good basic rules are to be fair, play to the spirit of the
game, treat your opponents with courtesy and respect, and
dont get too bogged down with the rules. Oh, that and dont
give up! The odds may look grim with your army set to be
beaten, but hang in there. Some of the best stories are about
heroic last stands and a few brave individuals turning the
tide and holding out against the odds to finally snatch an
unlikely victory.
Remember, whether you are facing a friend or a new
opponent, treat them just the way you would like to be
treated and you will get so much more from thehobby.
WORKING IT OUT
Sometimes it can be difficult to figure out how a rule should
be applied to an unusual situation that has occurred in your
game. If something unexpected happens, talk with the other
players and try to come up with a good interpretation of
what would happen. The best thing to do is to make a quick
call that both you and your opponent can agree on.
If you cant come to an agreement quickly just roll a die:
If you roll 4, 5, or 6, use your interpretation of the rule
for the rest of the game.
A roll of 1, 2, or 3, means that you have to accept
your opponents interpretation of the rule for the rest
of the game.
After the game, when you have more time for discussion
without holding up the battle, sit down and agree how youll
handle the situation in the future.
If you still arent sure, you can always check out the forum
at www.FlamesOfWar.com and ask other players how they
would handle the problem.
5
 The military knows that the strength of a well-coordinated group of soldiers is far greater than the sum of its
parts. Flames Of War reflects this by organizing your force into Teams, Units, and Formations.
TEAMS
Although the acts of a few individuals are always glorified
by the News Reels and Newspapers back home, in reality
a soldier never does anything on their own. Soldiers are
trained to operate as a Team, and it is this teamwork that
keeps them alive. In Flames Of War your miniature soldiers
also operate in Teams. There are four main types of Teams:
Tanks, Infantry, Guns, and Aircraft.
TANK TEAMS
Tank Teams include all manner of military vehicles, from
the mighty Tiger tank, down to the lowly jeep. A Tank
Team is a single vehicle. Tank Teams are either Armoured
or Unarmoured. Some Tank Teams are also Transport Teams
designed to carry infantry as passengers.
INFANTRY TEAMS
Infantry Teams include most troops fighting on foot. An
Infantry Team is a group of miniatures all mounted on a
single base. They can be equipped with individual weap-
ons like rifles, submachine-guns, and light machine-guns.
A Team equipped with a crew-served weapons like the
tripod-mounted Vickers medium machine-gun, or a man-
packed 81mm mortar is a Heavy Weapon Team.
INFANTRY TEAM TYPES
Infantry Type Special Rules
Heavy Weapon Heavy Weapon
Infantry
Cavalry Cavalry
Man-Packed Gun Teams
Man-packed Gun Teams are Heavy Weapon Infantry
Teams. Man-packed Gun is a Mobility Rating (see
page 18).
6
GUN TEAMS
Gun Teams include soldiers crewing weapons too heavy to
be carried by a soldier. A Gun Team is a gun model and a
group of miniatures all mounted on a single base. They range
from small anti-tank guns such as the 6 pdr gun up to pow-
erful giants like the dreaded 88, 8.8cm FlaK anti-aircraft
gun. Gun Teams also cover everything from 4.2-inch heavy
mortars and quick-firing 25 pdr field guns to heavy artillery.
GUN TEAM TYPES
Gun Type Special Rules
Light Gun Gun
Medium Gun Gun
Heavy Gun Gun, Large Gun
Immobile Gun Gun, Large Gun
AIRCRAFT TEAMS
Aircraft Teams are ground-attack aircraft like the deadly
Ju-87 Stuka dive bomber and the tank-busting Typhoon. An
Aircraft Team is a single aircraft.
OBSERVERS
A player may only take one Observer Team in a force. It
maybe taken from any of the available Observer Teams in
the force, as long as the Unit it comes from has been selected
in the force, or may be an Air Observation Post (AOP), if
available.
They may take any associated transport which also becomes
part of the Observers Independent Unit. Any upgrades
available to the Observer Team in the original Artillery Unit
may be taken. The Observer Team retains the same ratings as
its parent Artillery Unit.
UNITS ATTACHMENTS
Your Teams are grouped into Units, platoons in most cases, Attachments are additional equipment that is part of a
but sometimes companies, typically of three to ten tanks or Unit. Infantry Units containing Transport Teams as a Tank
30 to 100 infantrymen. In battle a Unit usually operates as Attachment (or vice versa) are split into two Units, an
one, manoeuvring across the battlefield together and engag- Infantry Unit and a Transport Unit (each with their own
ing the same foes. Unit Leader). Both parts of the Unit operate independent-
ly as separate Units, supporting each other, although they
UNIT LEADERS deploy as a single Unit.
A Unit combines a group of Teams under the command of a
Unit Leader: an American or British Lieutenant, a German Transport and Attachments
Leutnant, or a Soviet Kapitan. An Infantry Unit will normally A Unit that has Transport Tank Teams forms these Teams
have a small base with an officer on it as its Unit Leader. If into a Transport Attachment, making one Transport Tank
the Unit does not have an obvious Unit Leader, you may Team the Unit Leader.
pick any Team in the Unit as the Unit Leader at the start
of the game. INDEPENDENT UNITS
Small, single-team units, such as a single artillery observer,
USING INTELLIGENCE HANDBOOKS are Independent Units. These fight in support of larger
Flames Of War has evolved over the years and we have many Units. Independent Infantry Units often have a transport
great books available with which to field forces for Flames vehicle as part of their Unit, and unlike most transports, this
Of War. These rules have been written to make the tran- remains as part of the Independent Unit. Independent units
sition from old to new easy. Occasionally we will stop to can use the Mistaken Target rule (page 35) to reassign hits
explain how the new rules work with your Early or Late-war to nearby Units, but cannot Charge into Contact (page 52),
Intelligence Handbooks. nor take an Objective (page 94), and are ignored for Victory
Points (page 93).
The term Unit in the rules refers to a Platoon (or Soviet
Company) in the Flames Of War Intelligence handbooks.
Company or Battalion Headquarters are HQ Units. COMBAT ATTACHMENTS
The Intelligence Briefings will specify which Units are eligi-
ble to make Combat Attachments within a Formation, and
Observer the Units that they can attach Teams to. In addition you can
You Heer may only take
Grenadier one Observer Team
Platoon in your force.
Leutnant also make Combat Attachments from Formation HQ Units.
Platoon
If you take
HQ Section with:
one from this Unit you can also take the Leutnant

If you want to make Combat Attachments, you must do so

Kbelwagen
3 Grenadier Squads as the Observers
170 points transport. Command Panzerfaust Rifle/MG team
HQ Section before Deploying any of your Units. You may either Combat
2 Grenadier Squads 120 points

oPtion Unteroffizier Unteroffizier

Attach up to half of the Teams or all of the Teams of a Unit.
Replace Command Panzerfaust Rifle/MG team with
If you choose to attach out all of the Teams the Unit itself
Redundant Teams
a Command Panzerfaust SMG team at no cost. Panzerfaust Rifle/MG team Panzerfaust Rifle/MG team

Kampfgruppe Grosan contained six battalions of infantry ceases to exist for the duration of the game.
made up from trainee panzer crews, four of which were The Command SMG Team
Panzerfaust Rifle/MG team Panzerfaust Rifle/MG team

A Formation HQ Unit may never Combat Attach out the

Grenadier Squad Grenadier Squad
Germans. They were quickly pressed into service as infantry
and his Kbelwagen no longer
to stop the British push across the Weser and Aller Rivers. Unteroffizier

Formation Commander. A Formation HQ Unit may make

need to be fielded.
Panzerfaust Rifle/MG team Panzerfaust Rifle/MG team
Grenadier Squad Combat Attachments to any of its Combat Platoon Units.
Heer Grenadier Platoon

A Unit may Combat Attach Teams to any or all eligible

Heer rocket launcHer Battery
Platoon
Units in its Formation, but may not Combat Attach more
HQ Section and:
Command SMG team Kbelwagen
than half its Teams to any one Unit.
2 Launcher Sections with:
6 15cm NW41
1 Launcher Section with:
155 points
If the Unit making Combat Attachments has Transport
3 15cm NW41
2 Launcher Sections with:
80 points
Teams, you must Combat Attach the Transport Team that
6 21cm NW42
1 Launcher Section with:
185 points
normally carries a Team with it. These will become part of
3 21cm NW42 95 points Rocket launcher Rocket launcher
the new Units Transport Unit.
oPtion
Add Kbelwagen jeep and Sd Kfz 11 half-tracks for Once all Combat Attachments have been made, the Combat-
+5 points for the battery.

Kampgrupppe Totzeck consisted of the staff and trainees

Rocket launcher Rocket launcher attached Teams become part of the Unit they are attached to
of the Nebelwerfer school at Celle and consisted of three
weak battalions that fought as infantry and two Nebelwerfer
for all purposes for the whole game.
rocket launcher batteries. They fought under the command
of 2. Marine-Grenadierdivision. Rocket launcher Rocket launcher

German Heer Rocket Launcher

REDUNDANT TEAMS
Battery from Nachtjger page 70. Gun Units, such as Anti-tank gun Platoons and Artillery
Heer Rocket Launcher Battery
Batteries, and Heavy Weapon (Man-packed Gun) Units like
Mortar and Machine-gun Platoons, no longer field com-
Transport Attachment mand Infantry teams, Staff teams, or excess Observer teams.
If you take Sd Kfz 11 half-track Tractors to tow your rocket These are not deployed on the table.
launchers these are formed into a Transport Unit, with one Instead one of the Gun Teams or Heavy Weapon Teams is
Sd Kfz 11 half-track nominated as the Unit Leader. nominated to be the Unit Leader.
70

7
 FORMATIONS
Units are gathered together into Formations, companies in
most cases, but sometimes battalions. A Formation contains
a number of combat Units, along with several Units of heavy
weapons, scouts, and other troops to back them up.
While you must have at least one Formation in your force,
you can have as many as your like.
FORMATION COMMANDER
Each Formation has an HQ Unit containing the Formation
Commander: an American Captain, a British Major, a
German Hauptmann, or Soviet Podpolkovnik, and their staff.
The Commander is the Unit Leader of the HQ Unit and
commands all the Units in the Formation.
You may choose any non-Transport Team from the HQ Unit
as their Commander at the start of the game. Unlike other
Units, Transport Teams from the HQ Unit remain as part of
the Commanders Unit.
COMMAND LEADERSHIP
A Commanders presence can inspire troops to fight harder.
When a Units Leader is within 6/15cm and in Line of
Identifying Leaders and Commanders in
Intelligence Briefings
Unit Leaders
The diagrams in your Intelligence Briefings usually indi-
cates a Team as a Command Rifle Team or Command
Sherman V or something similar. This is usually your
Unit Leader.
You are free to nominate a different Team as the Unit
Leader at the start of the game instead, as long it is of
the same type.
Your Commander
Your HQ Unit (Company or Battalion Headquarters)
contains your Formation Commander. These diagrams
contain Teams marked Company Command and 2iC
Command, just pick one of these Teams to be your
Commander, the other just becomes a normal Team.
8
Sight of their own Formation Commander (including
Commanders own HQ Unit), the Unit may re-roll failed
Counterattack, Rally, Remount, and Last Stand rolls.
As Support Units dont have their own Formation
Commander, any Formation Commander may lead them,
granting them re-rolls.
USING INTELLIGENCE HANDBOOKS
The term Formation in the rules refers to a Company
(or Soviet Battalion) in the Flames Of War Intelligence
Handbooks. A Formation is made of your Company
Headquarters, Combat Platoons, Weapons Platoons and
Regimental/Brigade Support Platoons.
Other Divisional/Corps supports in your force are Support
Units (page 87).
MULTIPLE FORMATIONS
You can field more than one Formation, but must choose
only one Formation (Company or Battalion) from which to
take Divisional/Corps Support Units.
All Formations must be from the same Intelligence
Handbook or related digital content, nation, and same
higher level force, such as a brigade, division or corps. As a
guide if you can take a Combat Platoon Unit as a support
from another Formation, you can also take that Formation
as a part of your force.
For example, you could take Formations from
21. Panzerdivision on pages 48 to 79 of Atlantik Wall. In
addition, because they can already take Luftwaffe Jger
Platoons and Schwere Panzer Platoons in support, you
could also field a Luftwaffe Jgerkompanie or a Schwere
Panzerkompanie Formation.
ALLIED SUPPORT
You can take an Allied Formation as part of your force. This
Formation obeys all the rules for its own nationality and acts
as a Formation in its own right. Allied Formation can only
be chosen from the Nations given as Allies on one of your
Formation (company) diagrams.
THE INTELLIGENCE HANDBOOKS
Flames Of War has a rich selection of Intelligence Handbooks from which to select your forces from. These Intelligence
Handbooks were all published for the previous 3rd Edition of Flames Of War. Everything you need to continue using these
great books is found inside the Special Rules and Warriors book that accompanies this volume, and guide to picking your force
can be found on pages 86 to 89.

LATE-WAR 1944 TO 1945

Red Bear, Allied Forces on the Eastern Front, January 1944 to February 1945
Grey Wolf, Axis Forces on the Eastern Front, January 1944 to February 1945
Overlord, The Allied Invasion of France, June-September 1944
Atlantik Wall, The German Defence of France, June-September 1944
Road to Rome, The Allied Assault on Italy, January 1944 - May 1945
Fortress Italy, The Axis Defence of Italy, January 1944 - May 1945
Market Garden, The Allied Invasion of Holland, September - November 1944
Bridge by Bridge, The German Defence of Holland, September - November 1944
The Battle of the Bulge, Allied Forces on the German Border, Sep 1944 - Feb 1945
The Ardennes Offensive, German Forces in Lorraine and the Ardennes, Sep 1944 - Feb 1945
Desperate Measures, Tank Battles for Eastern Germany, January-April 1945
Bridge at Remagen, The Battle for the Rhine, February-April 1945
Nachtjger, The Battle for Northern Germany, March-May 1945
Berlin, The Soviet Assault on the German Capital, April-May 1945

EARLY-WAR 1939 TO 1941

Blitzkrieg, The German Invasion of Poland and France 1939-1940
Hellfire and Back! Early War Battles in North Africa, 1940-1941
Burning Empires, The Battle for the Mediterranean
Rising Sun, Russias Wars with Japan and Finland 1939-1940
Barbarossa, Germanys Invasion of the Soviet Union, June-December 1941

PACIFIC 1944-45
Gung-Ho, US Marine Corps in the Pacific
Banzai, Imperial Japanese Forces in the Pacific
These are available from your local hobby store, or in digital format through the Flames Of War Digital App or our online
army building website http://forces.flamesofwar.com

GREY WOLF, A LATE-WAR GERMAN INTELLIGENCE HANDBOOK

9
 Not all units are equal. Some have a reputation for bravery, while others are less inclined to risk their lives for
a cause they dont care about. Some have been honed into perfect fighting machines, while others have been
thrown into battle with inadequate training. Behind all of this, the tactics and strategies of their countrys army
influences how they fight, as does the equipment they have to fight with.

Motivation is rated as Fearless, Confident, or Reluctant. The COUNTERATTACK

score a Unit needs to pass a Motivation test depends on its
rating as follows:
Motivation Score Needed
Fearless 3+
Confident 4+
Reluctant 5+
There are four types of Motivation tests: Rally, Remount,
Counterattack, and Last Stand. The score needed to pass
these tests is the Units basic Motivation rating, unless modi-
fied by a special rule (see pages 65 to 74, and the Special Rules
and Warriors book).
RALLY
Rally is a Units willingness to take offensive action again
after being Pinned Down.
REMOUNT
When a tank is hit, theres a good probability that it is going
to explode, so tankers often bail out before checking to
see what the actual damage is. Well designed tanks help as
their crews have faith that they wont be burnt alive with-
out warning.
When it comes to hand-to-hand fighting, it takes a different
type of Motivation to win. Some Units that will face a hail of
bullets without flinching will break and run when faced with
cold steel. Others have a terrifying reputation and know it.
LAST STAND
Last Stand is a measure of how long a Unit will keep fight-
ing when it is suffering heavy casualties. Mostly its a direct
reflection of its Motivation, but some units are more brittle,
while others are incredibly stubborn.
MIXED-RATING UNITS
In some cases a unit will have Teams with different Skill or
Motivation ratings. This can occur in ad hoc battlegroups
formed from bits and pieces of different unit.
If a Unit has Teams with different Skill or Motivation rat-
ings, use the worst value in the Unit.

10
SCORE NEEDED TO HIT
One of the interesting differences between Flames Of War
and many other games is that we use your Units tactical
training as the main factor in determining the enemys abil-
ity to hit them, rather than the enemys skill. We do this
because the training of the target is a bigger factor in real
life casualties than the skill of the person shooting at them.
Perhaps the easiest way of demonstrating the logic of this
is an example. Imagine a horde of barely-trained conscripts
attacking another mass of conscripts manning machine-
guns. No doubt you have visions of rows of troops scythed
down as they charge. The casualties would be horrendous.
Now imagine one elite commando unit attacking anoth-
er across the same ground. The vision now changes to an
empty battlefield with soldiers occasionally making brief
dashes from cover to cover. The attackers expose themselves
far too briefly for the defenders to easily hit them. Whether
they succeed in the assault or not, the attacking commandos
would not take many casualties from shooting.
No matter whos shooting, the conscripts will be slaughtered
and the commandos will use their experience to minimise
their casualties.
TACTICS
The ability of a unit to perform clever manoeuvres in combat
is also related to its tactical style. Cautious troops take the
time to plan each forward movement, coordinating their
tactics, while Aggressive ones prefer forward movement now
over cleverness. The score a Unit needs to pass a Tactics test
to perform clever manoeuvres like moving from hidden
turret-down positions to hull-down fighting positions and
delivering a devastating volley or shooting and then scooting
back out of sight depends on its Skill rating as follows:
Skill Score Needed
Veteran 3+
Trained 4+
Conscript 5+
ASSAULT
A Units Assault rating reflects the lethality of its soldiers at
close quarters, be that face-to-face with bayonets or stalking
tanks with anti-tank grenades. Usually it will be your Skill
rating, unless modified by a special rule.

USING INTELLIGENCE HANDBOOKS

To convert the forces in the Flames Of War Intelligence
handbooks just compare their Skill Rating to the Is Hit On
rating below. The score needed to hit a Unit depends on its
rating as follows:
Skill Rating Is Hit On
Veteran 4+
Trained 3+
Conscript 2+

11
 World War II was fought over almost every type of terrain. Battles ranged from the frozen arctic of northern
Finland to the scorching heat of North African deserts, from the grassy steppes of the Ukraine to the dense
forests of the German Reichswald, and from the hedgerows of France to the mountains of Italy.

Woods, hedges, rivers, lakes, and buildings all break up

the terrain and complicate the battlefield. Sometimes this
will be to your advantage, since your troops (whether
riflemen, tanks, gunners, or trucks) can hide them-
selves among the clutter and put something solid
between them and any bullets flying around. At
other times these features will be a hindrance, as
they impede your movement, slowing your
advance to a crawl.
FENCES AND HEDGES
Fences are Terrain, limiting the speed at which they can
be crossed. Hedges are Difficult Terrain, requiring care when
crossing to avoid getting stuck.
Fences and Hedges are Short terrain, Concealing teams
behind them.

WALLS
Walls are Difficult Terrain, requiring care
to avoid getting stuck while crossing.
Walls can be Short or Tall terrain,
Concealing teams behind them. Stone
and concrete walls provide Bulletproof
Cover for teams behind them.

There are five types of terrain that units can

encounter: CRATERS
Craters are Difficult Terrain, making
ROADS them risky for tanks to cross.
Whether concrete, brick, cobble, or dirt, a road provides a Craters are Short terrain giving
Bulletproof Cover to Infantry sheltering
quick route from one place to another. Teams moving on
in them.
roads travel faster.

CROSS COUNTRY
The majority of the table is usually easily crossed, although
at a slower speed than on a road. Unless otherwise stated the
parts of the board that are not covered by Terrain are rated
as Cross Country terrain.
TERRAIN FEATURES
Terrain features severely limit the speed at which vehicles
can move. It ranges from ground that has been churned to
mud to natural obstructions like woods.
DIFFICULT TERRAIN
Difficult Terrain hinders
movement. Vehicles attempting to
move through this terrain risk getting
stuck if the driver isnt careful.
IMPASSABLE
Some obstacles, such as deep rivers or sheer cliffs, are just
so difficult that its impossible to cross them. Impassable
obstacles stop all movement, forcing you to look for an
alternative route to the objective.

12
 TREE LINES
Tree Lines are Difficult Terrain, requiring caution from tanks
attempting to cross them.
Tree lines are Tall terrain, so they block line of sight. Teams
immediately behind a tree line are Concealed.
BUILDINGS
Buildings are Terrain that is Impassable to tanks and guns.
Infantry can enter and exit them through openings like doors
and windows.
Buildings are Tall terrain. You cannot see past a building,
although teams half-hidden by or in a building are Concealed.
Buildings give troops inside Bulletproof Cover.
CROP FIELDS
Standing crops are Terrain. Tanks moving through them need
to slow down to avoid hidden obstacles and potential infantry
ambushes.
Standing crops are Short terrain, Concealing teams in and
behind them.
ROUGH HILLS
Rough hills are Difficult Terrain. Tanks are likely to get stuck
while crossing them.
Hills are Tall terrain, so block line of sight. Teams half hidden by
a hill are Concealed and in Bulletproof Cover.
GENTLE HILLS
Gentle hills are Terrain, but
dont present any risk of tanks
getting stuck.
RAILWAY LINES
Railway lines are Terrain, slowing troops as they
cross them. They are Flat, so offer no concealment.
ROADS
Roads allow tanks to move much faster than they would
cross-country if they are going to the right place.
OPEN SPACES
Most battlefields are Cross-country apart from specific terrain
features.
Stationary infantry are Concealed in the open (and other
Flat terrain), but tanks, guns, and moving infantry are in
full view.
DISCUSS TERRAIN
WITH YOUR OPPONENT
Everybody sees terrain slightly differently, so it is a good
idea to discuss the terrain with your opponent before
the game. Most of the terrain on your battlefield will be
fairly obvious, but it is better to sort out questions like
is that hill gentle or steep?, or is that river shallow or
deep?, at the beginning of the game rather than discover
that you and your opponent have different views when
you attempt to drive across it!
13
 HEIGHT OF TERRAIN
As well as helping or hindering movement, terrain also pro-
vides concealment and cover for troops on the battlefield.
Terrain comes in three heights: Flat, Short, and Tall.
FLAT TERRAIN
Flat terrain, like roads, rivers, and ploughed fields, offer
neither concealment nor cover to troops.
SHORT TERRAIN
Short terrain, like walls, hedges, crop fields and low rises,
Conceal teams within or beyond them and may provide
Bulletproof Cover (depending on what the terrain is).
WOODS
Woods are impractical if they are modelled realistically in a
WYSIWYG fashion. It would be difficult to place models in
them or move them around inside.
Instead, this type of Terrain is modelled as a base to show the
limits of the terrain and what is inside and what is outside of
it, with trees placed on top to indicate the type and height
of the terrain. The trees can be moved around on the base
to allow your teams to move within the area of terrain, but
are always assumed to be uniformly distributed throughout
the area.

TALL TERRAIN
Tall terrain, such as woods and buildings, blocks line of
sight, hiding whatever is behind them. Troops on
the edge can be seen, but are Concealed.

WOODS
Woods are Difficult Terrain. Tanks moving through a wood risk
getting stuck.
Woods are Tall terrain. Teams at the edge of a wood
are Concealed.

RIVERS AND FORDS

Shallow rivers are Difficult Terrain. They slow tanks down
possibly causing them to halt as they seek a better crossing point.
Deep rivers are Impassable to tanks, and require a 4+ Cross
Check for infantry to cross. Teams cannot start the game or end
their movement in a river or lake. Fords across deep rivers are
DifficultTerrain.
River crossings are often the site of battles as rivers are significant
obstacles. Think about why the battle is being fought here. Is the
river a defence line? Has the attacker already taken a bridgehead
across the river, and this is a counterattack to eliminate the
bridgehead? Place the river and crossings accordingly. Its a
good idea to have at least three fords or bridges unless you are
planning to have infantry make an assault crossing.
Like all water features, rivers are Flat terrain and do not provide
Concealment.

STREAMS & BROOKS LAKES AND PONDS

Streams and Brooks are Terrain, slowing tanks down as they Lakes and Ponds are Impassable.
cross. They are Flat terrain, so do not provide Concealment. They are Flat terrain, so do not
provide Concealment.

BUILDING A BATTLEFIELD
The key to setting up an interesting gaming table is to imagine the battlefield that
you are fighting over. Think about the key features you would expect to encounter there
and that youve read about or seen in documentaries about the battle. These features will be
significant terrain on your table.
Once youve decided what types of terrain you want, start laying it out. As you do so, think about the
patterns you find in real landscapes. Hills tend to form ridge lines rather than being randomly spread out, and
trees tend to be in woods rather than scattered patches. Clumping terrain together like this will also give you open
areas between, an equally important part of any battlefield.
The most important point is to make your table tell a story and be fun to play on.

14
BUILDINGS
Man-made structures like buildings are different from nat-
ural terrain. They are solid, so troops cant be seen on the
other side, but troops can enter them and fight through their
openings, such as doors and windows.
CROP FIELDS
Standing crops are Terrain.
Tanks moving through them
need to slow down to avoid
hidden obstacles and potential
infantry ambushes.
Standing crops are Short
terrain, Concealing teams in
and behind them.
Multi-storey buildings have one or more rooms on each
level, making them, in effect, two buildings stacked upon
each other.
Buildings more than about 6/15cm across should be divid-
ed into rooms between 3/7.5cm and 6/15cm across. Treat
each room as a separate building with openings into each
adjacent room.
PLOUGHED FIELDS
Ploughed Fields are Terrain
as they are difficult to move
across at speed.
VINEYARDS AND ORCHARDS
Vineyards and orchards are Difficult Terrain. Tanks need to exercise
care to avoid getting stuck.
Vineyards are Short terrain, while orchards are Tall terrain like
woods. Both provide Concealment to teams within or behind them.
WHAT YOU SEE IS WHAT YOU GET
(WYSIWYG)
Most terrain features are represented quite literally on the table top. A house
represents a house, exactly as it is shown. A hill represents a hill, exactly as
shown. A wall represents a wall, exactly as shown.
This makes it easy to work out the answer to questions like Can my tank see
over that wall? by looking at the actual terrain feature placed on the table. Is
the wall taller than your tank? If so, then it will probably have a great deal of
difficulty seeing over it! Is the wall taller than the height of the gun barrel? If so,
the tank will not be able to shoot over it. If its lower than that, the tank should
have no problems seeing and shooting over the wall.
One exception to the WYSIWYG principle is bases on terrain. A lot of area
terrain is based (usually on a base /3mm thick) for manufacturing reasons.
This raises terrain like roads and fields above the surrounding terrain, but
should be ignored during play.
15
 You are in command. Your job is to make that attack. In Flames Of War, players take turns at moving, shooting, and assaulting
with all of their units. Once you have finished your turn, your opponent moves, shoots, and assaults with their units.
Each turn is broken into four steps: Starting Step, Movement Step, Shooting Step, and the Assault Step.

YOUR TURN

THE STARTING STEP

In the Starting Step, you check and update the status of units under your command, rally your troops, and
organise fire support and reinforcements for your embattled soldiers. During the Starting Step you:
Remount Bailed Out Tanks (see page 38)
Rally Pinned Down Units (see page 41)
Check Unit Last Stand (see page 60)
Check Formation Last Stand (see page 61)
Check Victory Conditions (see page 93)
Reveal Ambushes (see page 95)
Roll for Reserves (see page 96)
Roll for Aircraft (see page 44)
Remove Friendly Smoke Markers (see pages 42 and 51)

THE MOVEMENT STEP (PAGE 17)

In the Movement Step, you manoeuvre your troops into position to shoot or assault the enemy
(or to avoid the enemy doing the same to you!).

THE SHOOTING STEP (PAGE 26)

After completing the Movement Step, your troops open fire on the enemy in the Shooting Step. During the
Shooting Step you shoot or fire an artillery bombardment with any or all of your Units, one at a time.

THE ASSAULT STEP (PAGE 52)

Once the Shooting Step is completed, your troops charge the enemy in the Assault Step,
attacking them with hand grenades, close-combat weapons, and rifle butts, up close and personal.

YOUR OPPONENTS TURN

16
In the Movement Step, you manoeuvre your troops into position to shoot or assault the enemy (or to avoid the
enemy doing the same to you!).

In the Movement Step you can move any or all of your
Units. When a Unit moves, move each of its Teams up to its
Movement rating. A Team can Move less than its maximum
Movement if you wish, and a Team that does not Move will
often be more effective at shooting.
TACTICAL AND DASH SPEEDS
There are two basic types of movement: Tactical and Dash.
Tactical movement is used while engaging the enemy, while
Dash movement is a high-speed dash to close the range or get
into cover, but prevents the Team from shooting that turn.
GOING TO GROUND
Teams that do not Move, Shoot, or Assault are Gone to
Ground, making them harder for the enemy to shoot at if
they are also Concealed.
USING INTELLIGENCE HANDBOOKS
The Arsenals in the Flames Of War intelligence handbooks
have mobility ratings. The Mobility and Movement table
(see page 18) shows the Tactical and Dash speeds of the
Teams in your force based on their mobility rating.

TACTICAL TERRAIN DASH CROSS COUNTRY DASH ROAD DASH CROSS

10/25CM 12/30CM 18/45CM 20/50CM 3+

The leading Panzer IV H, which has a mobility rating

of Standard Tank, moves at Tactical speed, allowing it
to shoot this turn.

12/30cm

10/25cm

TACTICAL TERRAIN DASH CROSS COUNTRY DASH ROAD DASH CROSS

10/25CM 12/30CM 18/45CM 20/50CM 3+

The second Panzer IV H moves at Dash speed, racing to catch up.

17
 MOBILITY AND MOVEMENT
CROSS-COUNTRY
MOBILITY RATING TACTICAL TERRAIN DASH DASH ROAD DASH CROSS
FULLY-TRACKED TANK TEAMS
Standard Tank 10/25cm 12/30cm 18/45cm 20/50cm 3+
Light Tank 12/30cm 16/40cm 28/70cm 32/80cm 3+
Fast Tank 12/30cm 16/40cm 24/60cm 28/70cm 3+
Slow Tank 8/20cm 12/30cm 14/35cm 15/40cm 3+
Very Slow Tank 6/15cm 8/20cm 8/20cm 8/20cm 3+
OTHER TANKS TEAMS
Jeep, Motorcycle 12/30cm 12/30cm 18/45cm 40/100cm 4+
Half-tracked 10/25cm 10/25cm 18/40cm 32/80cm 4+
Wheeled 8/20cm 8/20cm 14/35cm 32/80cm 5+
Slow Wheeled 8/20cm 8/20cm 10/25cm 24/60cm 5+
Wagon 6/15cm 6/15cm 6/15cm 8/20cm 5+
GUNS TEAMS
Light Gun 4/10cm 4/10cm 6/15cm 8/20cm 3+
Medium Gun 2/5cm 4/10cm 6/15cm 8/20cm 5+
Heavy Gun 2/5cm 2/5cm 4/10cm 6/15cm 5+
Immobile Gun - 2/5cm 4/10cm 4/10cm 6
INFANTRY TEAMS
Infantry 8/20cm 8/20cm 12/30cm 12/30cm Auto
Cavalry 6/15cm 10/25cm 20/50cm 20/50cm 2+
Man-packed Gun 8/20cm 8/20cm 12/30cm 12/30cm Auto

This IS-2 tank is more that 6/15cm

away, so is Out of Command.

Unit Leader

This IS-2 tank ended its movement within

6/15cm of the Unit Leader, so is In Command.

STAYING IN COMMAND
A Team that is In Command can Move, Shoot, and A Team from a smaller Unit is In Command if it ends its
Assault normally. Move within 6/15cm of its Unit Leader.
A Team from a Unit with at least eight Teams is In A Team that does neither of these is Out of Command.
Command if it ends its Move within 8/20cm of its
Unit Leader.

18
 The Unit Leader has raced off, leaving the rest of their Unit Out of Command, and with limited movement options.

Unit Leader

The tanks can: Dash directly towards

the Unit Leader, but not shoot

Or remain in place to shoot with no penalty,

Or make a Tactical move, suffering a +1 penalty on its shooting.

OUT OF COMMAND
A Team that will not end its Movement In Command (one
that is Out of Command) must:
remain in place with no penalty, or
Move at Tactical speed, suffering a penalty of +1 to the
score it needs to hit, or
Move at Dash speed directly towards its Unit Leader,
avoiding intervening obstacles.
MOVING THROUGH TEAMS
Tank, Infantry, and Gun Teams cannot Move at Dash speed
within 8/20cm of any enemy Tank, Infantry, or Gun Team.
Infantry or Gun Teams cannot move within 2/5cm of
any visible enemy Tank, Infantry, or Gun Team in the
Movement Step.
Tank Teams cannot move within 2/5cm of any visible
enemy Infantry or Gun Team, in the Movement Step.
Tank and Gun Teams cannot move through other Tank or
Gun Teams under any circumstances.
MOVING THROUGH GAPS
A Team can move through any gap it will fit through (ignor-
ing its base if it has one). If the gap is too small to pass
through, the Team will have to move through the surround-
ing terrain.

19
 This Tiger I Or go around
does not fit it at Tactical or
between the Cross-country
building and Dash speed.
the woods.

It can either go through the woods

at Tactical or Terrain Dash speed,
taking a Cross Check,

MOVING THROUGH TERRAIN DIFFICULT TERRAIN

A Teams Tactical movement speed is not affected by the
terrain it is moving over. The Team is focussing on taking
cover, so is moving slowly anyway.
A Teams Dash movement speed depends on the type of ter-
rain it is crossing: Road, Cross-country, or Terrain. If a Team
spends its whole Dash move on a Road, it can move rapidly
at Road Dash speed. If it spends any of its Dash move in
Terrain, it moves at its Terrain Dash speed. Otherwise, it
moves at its Cross-country Dash speed.
Some terrain is also difficult to cross. Each time a Team
attempts to enter or start moving in Difficult Terrain, the
player must roll a die
If the score is greater than or equal to the Teams Cross
number, it successfully crosses that piece of terrain.
Otherwise, the Team stops moving immediately. Even if
the team is still where it started, it has now moved.
If a Unit Leader fails a Cross test, you may nominate another
Team from the Unit within 6/15cm as the new Unit Leader
to allow the Unit to continue moving.

IMPASSABLE TERRAIN
Some terrain is Impassable to some or all Types of Teams.
This terrain cannot be entered or crossed by those Teams.

A pair of Sherman V tanks attempt to enter a wood, so they have to pass a Cross Check.

On a roll of 4, the first Sherman V will

enter the woods without incident.

TACTICAL TERRAIN DASH CROSS COUNTRY DASH ROAD DASH CROSS

10/25CM 12/30CM 18/45CM 20/50CM 3+

On a roll of 2, the second Panzer IV gets stuck as it tries

to enter the woods and must immediately stop moving.

20
 TERRAIN CHART
TERRAIN DASH SPEED CROSS BULLETPROOF
CHECK HEIGHT COVER
OPEN SPACES
Grass or Steppe Cross-country Dash No Flat No
Firm Sand or Thin Snow Cross-country Dash No Flat No
Soft Sand, Snow, or Mud Terrain Dash No Flat No
VEGETATION
Ploughed Field Terrain Dash No Flat No
Crop Field or Open Scrub Terrain Dash No Short No
Vineyard Terrain Dash Yes Short No
Orchard Terrain Dash Yes Tall No
Woods and Forests Terrain Dash Yes Tall No
HEDGES AND WALLS
Fence Terrain Dash No Short No
Hedge Terrain Dash Yes Short No
Bocage Hedge Terrain Dash Yes Tall Yes
Line of Trees Terrain Dash Yes Tall No
Stone Wall Terrain Dash Yes Short or Tall Yes
HILLS
Low Rise Cross-country Dash No Short Yes
Gentle Hill Terrain Dash No Tall Yes
Steep or Rocky Hill Terrain Dash Yes Tall Yes
BANKS, GULLIES, & CLIFFS
Gully Access or Floor Terrain Dash No Flat No
Gully Side Terrain Dash Yes Tall Yes
Steep Bank or Low Seawall Terrain Dash Yes Short Yes
Cliff, Cutting, or High Seawall Impassable Impassable Tall Yes
WATER
Stream or Brook Terrain Dash No Flat No
Creek or Shallow River Terrain Dash Yes Flat No
Ford across a Creek or River Terrain Dash Yes Flat No
Deep River Terrain Dash for Infantry 4+ Cross Check Flat No
Impassable to Tanks and Guns
Soft Ground Terrain Dash Yes Flat No
Swamp or Lake Impassable Impassable Flat No
ROADS AND RAILWAY LINES
Road or Airfield Road Dash No Flat No
Ruined City Streets Terrain Dash No Flat No
Railway Line Terrain Dash No Flat No
Low Embankment Terrain Dash Yes Short Yes
High Embankment Impassable Impassable Tall Yes
BUILDINGS
Doors and Windows Terrain Dash for Infantry No Short Yes
Impassable to Tanks and Guns
Exterior Walls Impassable Impassable Tall Yes
Inside Buildings Terrain Dash No Short Yes
Rubble or Craters Terrain Dash Yes Short Yes
WRECKS
Wrecked Tanks Terrain Dash No Short Yes

21
 Since the SdKfz 251 half-track
hasnt moved yet, it can now
make a Dash move.

The panzergrenadiers move into their

SdKfz 251 half-track to mount up.

TRANSPORTS AND PASSENGERS The Tractor special rule indicates a special type of Transport
Team that can tow a Gun Team as a Passenger, but cannot
Transport vehicles can carry infantry and tow guns, giving
carry other types of passengers. When a Tractor is towing a
them protection from enemy fire and getting them across
Gun, place the Gun behind the Tractor as though it is being
the battlefield faster.
towed by it.
PASSENGERS IN TRANSPORTS While being carried as passengers, a Team cannot Shoot
Some Tank Teams (known as Transport Teams), including or Assault.
armoured personnel carriers and troop-carrying trucks, can
carry passengers. PASSENGERS ON TANKS
Up to three Infantry Teams can ride on the top of any
The Passengers note in the Arsenal has a number after it
Armoured Tank Team (other than a Transport) as Passengers,
indicating how many Infantry Teams the Team can carry.
although they are more vulnerable to enemy fire (see page 23).
If unstated in the Arsenal the Transport Team can carry
six Teams.

Before the Sd Kfz 251 half-tracks move, the

panzergrenadiers move out of their half-tracks to dismount.

Once the passengers have dismounted, the SdKfz 251 half-track moves onto the flank to cover them.

22
MOUNTING TRANSPORTS
A Team can Mount a Transport Team from their Transport
Unit by Moving into it in the Movement Step.
If the Transport Team has not yet Moved, it can then Move
at Dash speed (it cannot Shoot or Assault). Once mounted,
a Team cannot Shoot or Assault.
DISMOUNTING FROM TRANSPORTS
A Team can Dismount from a Transport Team by Moving
away from it in the Movement Step before the Transport
Team Moves.
A Team cannot Mount and Dismount in the same turn.
SEND TRANSPORTS TO THE REAR
You must remove all empty unarmoured or unarmed
Transport teams from the table at the end of any Step,
and may remove any other empty Transport teams at the
same time.
Transport teams removed in this fashion do not count as
Destroyed, and if it was Bailed Out (see page 38), automat-
ically Remount.
BRING TRANSPORTS FORWARD
Before moving a Unit, you may place all of its Transport
teams (other than those that have been Destroyed) that have
been Sent to the Rear or did not deploy on the table, back
on the table.
The Transport teams must be placed within 4/10cm of a
Team from their Unit, and may not be:
within 16/40cm of any enemy Team within Line of
Sight, unless Concealed by Terrain from it, or
within 4/10cm of any enemy Team.
Once Brought Forward in this way, the Transport Teams
must move at Dash Speed (and therefore cannot shoot or
assault this turn), but may Mount Passengers before moving.
A SdKfz 251 half-track is destroyed by a Soviet anti-tank gun.
Each Passenger rolls
its Infantry Save
to survive.
The Team that fails its Save is Destroyed...
SHOOTING AT PASSENGERS
While Mounted in or on a Tank Team, Passengers cannot be
targeted. Guns towed behind a Tractor are considered to be
part of the Tractor when shot at, bombarded, etc.
PASSENGERS IN TRANSPORTS
If a Transport Team is Destroyed by Shooting or an Artillery
Bombardment, roll an Infantry or Gun Save for each
Passenger Team. Place the surviving Passengers as close as
possible to the Destroyed Transport on the side away from
the Team that Destroyed it, facing in any direction. The
surviving Teams of the Unit are automatically Pinned Down
(see page 41).
If a Transport Team is Destroyed multiple times by an enemy
Units shooting, each Passenger Team still only rolls one Save
to see if it survives.
If a Transport Team is Destroyed in a Assault, all of its
Passengers are also Destroyed.
GUNS TOWED BY TRACTORS
If a Tractor Team is Destroyed, roll an Gun Save for the Gun
Team it is carrying as a Passenger. If the Gun Team survives,
it dismounts in place, facing in any direction, and the Unit
is automatically Pinned Down.
PASSENGERS ON TANKS
Each time a Tank Team is hit by Shooting or a Bombardment
or in an Assault, any Passengers riding on top of it are
automatically hit as well. Teams hit in this way are not in
Bulletproof Cover (the tank attracts too much fire from
all angles to protect the infantry), take Infantry Saves (see
pages 39 and 48) when shot at or bombarded, and can be
Pinned Down (see page 41) as normal.
...and the surviving Team
dismounts behind the wreck and
the Unit is Pinned Down.
23
COURAGE 4+ SKILL
The Unit Leader issues a Blitz Move Order,
MORALE 3+ VETERAN trying to sneak the Marder II tank-hunters up
RALLY 3+ 3+
to the edge of the woods. They roll a Skill Test.
On a roll of 3+, the tank-hunters can sneak 4/10cm
forward, making Cross checks as normal. Not counting
as having moved, shooting with their halted ROF.
MOVEMENT ORDERS
A Unit Leader may issue one Movement Order each turn.
These allow their Unit to use clever tactics, cross terrain,
dash ahead, or dig in.
Gun Teams can only be issued Dig In and Cross Here
Movement Orders.
BLITZ MOVE TACTICS
The Unit Leader can issue a Blitz Move Order in the
Movement Step before its Unit Moves. If it does this,
roll a die:
If the score is greater than or equal to their Skill rating
(or their Tactics rating if different), the Unit Leader and
any Teams that are In Command may immediately Move
up to 4/10cm before making a normal Tactical Move.
If a Team Moves using Blitz Move, but does not Move
any further, it is not considered to have Moved and can
Shoot at its Halted ROF.
Otherwise, Teams from the Unit can only Move at Tactical
speed and automatically suffer the +1 to hit penalty as if
they had Moved Out of Command (see page 19).
SHOOT AND SCOOT TACTICS
The Unit Leader that did not Move in the Movement Step
can issue a Shoot and Scoot Order in the Assault Step instead
of Assaulting. If it does this roll a die.
If the score is greater than or equal to the Unit Leaders
Skill rating (or their Tactics rating if different), the
Leader and any Teams that are In Command and did not
Move in the Movement Step may immediately Move up
to 4/10cm.
Otherwise, the Unit remains where it is.
24
Otherwise, the whole Unit is Out of Command. It can still
move with its normal movement. However, because it is Out of
Command, it suffers an additional +1 penalty to its shooting.
DIG IN TACTICS
The Unit Leader can issue a Dig In Order instead of Moving
in the Movement Step. If it does this, any of the Units
Infantry and Gun Teams may attempt to dig Foxholes
instead of Moving. Roll a die:
If the score is greater than or equal to the Units Skill
rating (or their Tactics rating if different), mark the
selected Infantry and Gun Teams as being in Foxholes.
Otherwise, the Unit failed to dig in.
Whether or not they succeeded in digging Foxholes, the
selected Teams cannot Move, but Shoot with their Moving
ROF, and cannot fire an Artillery Bombardment this turn.
If they do not Shoot or Assault, they are Gone to Ground.
Once they have dug Foxholes, Infantry and Gun Teams have
Bulletproof Cover (see pages 39 and 48) and are Concealed
(see page 30) until they Move.
TACTICS RATING
A Units Tactics rating is the same as its Skill rating unless
it has a separate Tactics rating modified by a special rule.
Skill Rating Tactics Rating
Veteran 3+
Trained 4+
Conscript 5+
 The Unit Leader issues a Follow Me! Order
to close the range quickly and immediately
moves another 4/10cm forward.
They then roll a Motivation Test.

If they pass the other T-70 tanks within 6/15cm move forward
as well. If they fail, the rest of the Unit remains where it is.

Either way, none of the T-70 tanks within 6/15cm of the Unit
Leader can shoot.

FOLLOW ME MOTIVATION CROSS HERE CROSS

In the Movement Step after their Unit has finished moving,
a Unit Leader can issue a Follow Me Order. If it does this,
the Unit Leader Moves directly forward up to an additional
4/10cm and rolls a die:
If the score is greater than or equal to the Unit Leaders
Motivation rating, Teams in its Unit that are In
Command may immediately Move directly forward up
to an additional 4/10cm, remaining In Command.
Otherwise, the rest of the Unit remains where it is.
Whether they succeed or not, all Teams from the Unit that
are In Command cannot Shoot this turn.
The Unit Leader can issue a Cross Here Order in the
Movement Step before its Unit Moves. If it does this, any
Teams (including the Unit Leader) from the Unit rolling to
Cross Difficult Terrain within 6/15cm of where the Unit
Leader crosses improve their chance of crossing safely, reduc-
ing the score they need to pass a Cross Test by 1. Teams using
this order cannot Shoot or Assault this turn.

Not wanting to take chances with his

tanks getting stuck and stopping their
movement, the Hetzer Unit Leader
issues a Cross Here Order.

Any tanks from

the Unit that
cross within
6/15cm of the
Unit Leader
pass their Cross
Check on a 3+
instead of a 4+.

Unit Leader

25
 After completing the Movement Step, your troops open fire on the enemy in the Shooting Step. During the
Shooting Step you shoot or fire an artillery bombardment with any or all of your Units, one at a time.

SHOOTING SEQUENCE
1. Check Range (see page 28)
2. Check Line of Sight (see page 28)
3. Check for Concealment (see page 30)
4. Declare Targets (see page 32)
5. Rotate to Face (see page 32)
6. Roll to Hit (see page 33)
7. Assign Hits (see page 34)
8. Roll Saves (see page 36)
In the Shooting Step, you Shoot with any or all of your Units Once youve finished Shooting with one of your Units, move
one by one. When a Unit Shoots, each Team that wants to on to the next until all of the Units that you want to Shoot
Shoot in the Unit picks an enemy Team as its target and with have shot.
Shoots its weapons.

WEAPON CHARACTERISTICS
Every team has a set of characteristics describing it in the game. Here is a typical arsenal entry for an American M4A1
Sherman tank. Vehicles and their weapons are described together in Arsenals. The first line describes the vehicle. The second
line in italics describes its main weapon. Tanks with more than one main weapon (or one that can fire as artillery) will have
additional weapons lines. Every Intelligence Briefing has an arsenal that describes the teams and weapons found in it.

MAIN WEAPON RATE OF FIRE (ROF) NOTES

This lists a Tank Teams main The maximum number of shots the weapon can take in Special abilities or rules
weapon. Additional weapons one turn. The ROF stated in the Arsenals is the Halted of the weapon. Also
and Bombardment ratings ROF. The Moving ROF is half the Halted ROF rounded shows any machine-guns
can also appear here. down unless noted otherwise in the Arsenal. a Tank Team has.

Armour
Name Mobility Front Side Top Equipment and Notes
Weapon Range ROF Anti-tank Firepower
M4A1 Sherman Standard Tank 6 4 1 Co-ax MG, Hull MG, .50 cal AA MG.
M3 75mm gun 32/80cm 2 10 3+ Smoke, Stabiliser.

RANGE ANTI-TANK FIREPOWER

The maximum distance The armour penetration The ability of the weapon to destroy a tank after
the weapon can shoot. of the weapon. penetrating its armour or to knock out a dug-in position.

26
 Only anti-aircraft weapons
can shoot at Aircraft. Any weapons can be used to shoot
at Tanks, Guns, and Infantry.

Tanks and Aircraft can fire all of their machine-guns or one other weapon. Each Infantry and Gun Team can fire
one of their weapons.

WHICH WEAPONS CAN FIRE SHOOTING AT AIRCRAFT

A Tank or Aircraft Team may either fire:
all of its Machine-guns (MG), or
one other weapon.
An Infantry or Gun Team may only fire one of its weapons.
SHOOTING AT TANKS, INFANTRY,
AND GUNS
You can shoot at Tank, Infantry, and Gun Teams with any
weapon in the Shooting Step.
Aircraft can only be shot at by Anti-aircraft weapons.
You shoot at Aircraft in the enemy Shooting Step immediate-
ly before the Aircraft Shoots.
A weapon that Shoots at Aircraft cannot:
Shoot at another Aircraft in this Shooting Step.
Shoot in Defensive Fire in the Assault Step.
Shoot in their own Shooting Step next turn.
In addition, the Team may not Assault in their Assault Step
next turn and cannot be Gone to Ground until the end of
the enemy's next turn.
You may find it useful to mark a Team that Shoots at aircraft.

27
 A team must be
in Range of, and
be able to draw a
Line of Sight to the
target to shoot.

Tanks measure Range from any part of the Hull,

but trace Line of Sight from the weapon mount.

1) CHECK RANGE Line of Sight is traced from:

A weapon can only Shoot at a target within its Range.
Measurements to and from an Infantry or Gun Team are
made from the nearest edge of its base. Measurements to and
from a Tank Team are made from the nearest part of its hull
(ignoring weapons). Measurements to and from an Aircraft
are made from the nearest part of its fuselage (ignoring
wings, tails, and any weapons).
the weapon mounting of a Tank or Gun Team,
any part of the base of an Infantry Team, or
any point on the flight stand of an Aircraft.
Line of Sight is traced to:
any point on a Tank Team (excluding weapons),
anywhere on the base of an Infantry or Gun Team, or
any point on the flight stand of an Aircraft.

2) CHECK LINE OF SIGHT NO LINE OF SIGHT

A Team can only Shoot at a target within its Line of Sight. To
establish Line of Sight, a player must trace an imaginary line
from the Shooting Team to any point on the target Team.
The best way to do this is to get down to the level of the
miniature and see what it could see.
Line of Sight can be blocked by Tall terrain (including
Buildings and Hills) and friendly Teams (other than station-
ary Infantry Teams). A Team cannot Shoot at a target if all
(or practically all) of the Lines of Sight are blocked.

/20mm Only part of a soldier from

this Team is visible, which is
Only the track, not enough to shoot at.
mudguard, and gun
barrel of this Tank
are visible, which
is not enough to
shoot at.
The gap between the buildings is wider
than /20mm, so does not block Line
of Sight.

28
 The Panzer IV H can see the This Sherman V and the Panzer IV H cannot see each other
Sherman V within 2/5cm of as they are more than 6/15cm apart through Tall terrain.
the edge of the wood.

Visible at edge Not visible

over 6/15cm

Visible within
6/15cm
The Panzer IV H can
see this Firefly VC as it
is within 6/15cm of it.

LINE OF SIGHT THROUGH GAPS
Gaps of less than 3/4/20mm between two terrain pieces or
friendly Teams (other than stationary Infantry teams) give
Concealment and block Line of Sight in the same way that
the terrain or Teams do.
Use a tape measure as a guide as to whether a gap is wide
enough to see through.
LINE OF SIGHT THROUGH HILLS & BUILDINGS
Buildings and Hills block Line of Sight, so Teams completely
behind them cannot be seen.
LINE OF SIGHT TO AND FROM AIRCRAFT
Terrain never blocks Line of Sight to or from Aircraft.

LINE OF SIGHT THROUGH TALL TERRAIN

Line of Sight to a target Team is Blocked if it is more
than 2/5cm through Tall terrain, unless the Range is
6/15cm or less.

The Panzer IV H is not Concealed to This Sherman V

this Sherman V because the Sherman V is has no line of sight.
within 2"/5cm of the edge of the wood.

CONCEALED

VISIBLE
CONCEALED

CONCEALED
The Panzer IV H is Concealed to this
Firefly VC because the Firefly VC is not
within 2"/5cm of the edge of the wood.

29
 All three
German teams
are Concealed The M4A3 (76mm) Sherman is
as they are seen Concealed to the 7.5cm PaK40
through Terrain. gun as it is looking through
CONCEALED more than 2/5cm of Terrain.

VISIBLE
CONCEALED
CONCEALED

VISIBLE

CONCEALED
The M4A3 (76mm) Sherman is
not Concealed to the two panzers as
they are within 2/5cm of the edge
of the Terrain concealing them, so
can see across it unhindered.

3) CHECK FOR CONCEALMENT If the Shooting Team is on higher ground, such as on a

Hill or in the upper floor of a Building, or is an Aircraft,
Teams that are concealed by terrain are harder to hit.
target Teams within or through Short Terrain are not
Concealed.
CONCEALED BY TALL OR SHORT TERRAIN
Short and Tall Terrain provides Concealment for Teams seen
CONCEALED BY FLAT TERRAIN
through it with the following exceptions:
Flat Terrain does not provide Concealment, except for
If the Shooting Team is within 2/5cm of the edge of the
Infantry Teams that did not move (even if they Dug In) and
Terrain, target Teams outside the terrain seen through
Gun Teams that are in Foxholes. These Teams are Concealed
that edge are not Concealed.
from all enemy Teams except Aircraft.

The 8.8cm FlaK36 anti-

aircraft gun is Concealed in The Sd Kfz 231
Flat terrain because it is dug armoured car is
in with its crew in Foxholes. not Concealed
The infantry did not move, in Flat terrain.
so they are Concealed, even
in Flat terrain (whether or
not they are in Foxholes).

30
 From up on the hill, the M4A3 Sherman The M4A3 Sherman is
has a clear Line of Sight to the Panzer V H. half hidden behind the
hill, so is Concealed to
the Panzer IV H.

CONCEALED

VISIBLE

BLOCKED

The hill blocks Line of Sight to the

M4A3 (76mm) Sherman behind it.

CONCEALED BY BUILDINGS CONCEALMENT AND AIRCRAFT

Buildings provide Concealment for Teams within them and Only target Teams seen through Tall terrain (including
for Teams at least half behind them. Buildings, Hills, and Smoke) within 4/10cm of the target
Team are Concealed from Shooting Aircraft.
CONCEALED BY HILLS Aircraft are only Concealed if seen through Tall terrain
A Team half hidden by a Hill is Concealed to Teams on the (including Buildings, Hills, and Smoke) within 4/10cm of
other side, for example a tank with its hull hidden by the the Shooting Team.
hill and its turret poking over (hull down as the military
calls it). If it is high enough up the Hill, it will be able to see
Teams on the other side clearly.
The easiest way to determine Line of Sight and Concealment
to and from a Hill is to physically get down to the level of
the miniature and take a look at what the miniature could
see from its current position.

Because the Wirbelwind anti-aircraft tank is within 4/10cm of

the wood, the terrain gives Concealment to both the anti-aircraft
tank and the Typhoon fighter-bomber seen through it.

VISIBLE
CONCEALED

CONCEALED

VISIBLE

Neither the Wirbelwind anti-aircraft

tank nor the Typhoon are Concealed
by the building as it is more than
4/10cm away from the tank.

31
 These two German
infantry guns declare
the left-hand M4A3
Sherman as their
target. Any extra This infantry gun cannot
hits they get will be see the Shermans, so
allocated to the rest of declares the M5 Stuart as
the target Unit. its target.

4) DECLARE TARGETS SHOOT THE EASIEST TARGET

After checking the Range and Line of Sight to potential
targets, a player must declare an enemy Team as the target
for each Team in the Unit. Multiple Teams can target a single
enemy or you can spread your fire out as you wish.
A Team may only declare a single target Team, and all of its
weapons will engage this target (although if it scores more
than one hit, the additional hits may be placed on nearby
Teams instead).
LIMITED FIELDS OF FIRE
Some weapons have a limited Field of Fire (see Hull
Mounted and Gun Teams rule on page 66 for more details).
They may only target or allocate hits to a Team within their
Field of Fire.
Units can end their movement facing any direction, so when
you move Units that have a limited Field of Fire, point them
at their intended target.
AIRCRAFT SAFETY DISTANCE
Aircraft cannot target or allocate hits to a Tank, Infantry , or
Gun Team within 8/20cm of a friendly Team.
While the rules allow you to get clever and target differ-
ent teams with each of yours, in most cases all you need
to do is state that the whole Unit is shooting at the Team
in the middle of the enemy Unit.
If you do this, you will be able to allocate any hits you
score evenly across the rest of the enemy Unit (assuming
they are all In Command).
The only time you need to get more specific is when
intervening terrain gives some of your teams better shots
at some of the enemy than at others.
5) ROTATE TO FACE
Rotate the Team to point its main weapon or weapons at
the declared target Team. This is a free rotation as part of
Shooting, and is not Movement.
If the weapon is mounted in a turret, you rotate the turret
to point at the target Team, or rotate the whole model up
to a quarter turn (90degrees) to point at the target Team,
rotating the turret, the rest of the way.
If you are only firing an AA MG, do not rotate the Team at all.

The Marder II self- Hull Mounted weapons can only hit Teams
propelled gun has Hull completely in front of the Shooting team.
Mounted weapons.

Cannot hit Can hit

32
 6) ROLL TO HIT
Once you have declared targets for the Teams in a Unit, roll
to hit the targets.
HOW MANY DICE?
When a weapon Shoots, roll one die for each point of ROF.
The ROF of a weapon changes depending on whether the
Team is halted or Moved in the Movement Step.
If a Team is Pinned Down (see page 41) or wishes to Assault
later in the turn (see page 52), it must Shoot with its
Moving ROF.
NO SHOOTING
A Team cannot Shoot if it moved at Dash speed, or used a
Follow Me or Cross Here order (see pages 24 to 25).
HALTED AND MOVING ROF
The ROF stated in the Arsenals is the Halted ROF. The
Moving ROF is half the Halted ROF rounded down unless
noted otherwise in the Arsenal. Halted ROF 1 weapons have
a Moving ROF 1 and use the ROF 1 Weapons special rule
(see page 67).
The Pinned Down ROF is the same as the Moving ROF
unless noted otherwise in the Arsenal.
TANK TEAM'S VEHICLE MGS AND ROF
A Tank Team's Vehicle MG Moving ROF is the same as its
Halted ROF (ROF 3, see your Arsenal).
Whether Halted or Moving, only one Tank Team's vehicle
machine-gun can shoot at ROF 3. Each of the Tank Team's
other vehicle machine-guns reduce their ROF to 1.
GONE TO GROUND
Teams that did not Move, Shoot, or Assault in their own
turn and have not shot in this turn are Gone toGround.
Scouts can Move and still be Gone to Ground, but are not
Gone to Ground if they Shoot or Assault (see page 68). In
addition, all Teams are Gone to Ground at the start of the
game unless otherwisespecified.
If a Team is Gone to Ground and is also Concealed from a
Team Shooting at it, the Team is harder to hit.
SCORE TO HIT
The score To Hit is based on the target Team's Skill Rating
(see Score Needed to Hit table), modified as follows:
Add +1 to the score to hit for each of the following:
The range to the targeted Team is over 16/40cm.
Target Team is Concealed (but not Gone to Ground).
Shooting Team Moved Out of Command.
Shooting through Smoke.
Shooting at Night.
Add +2 to the score to hit if:
Target Team is Concealed and Gone to Ground.
SCORE NEEDED TO HIT
The score needed to hit a Unit depends on its rating
as follows:
Skill Rating Is Hit On
Veteran 4+
Trained 3+
Conscript 2+

An Armoured ANTI- FIRE- IS HIT ON

RANGE
Platoon has TANK
movedPOWER
VETERAN 4+
Smoke
into range of a This Panzer IV H needs to
Platoon of Panzer equal or exceed the targeted
IV H tanks, Sherman Vs modified Is Hit
which shoot with On number in order to hit it.
their 75mm guns With four targets to choose
Halted ROF of 2. Is Hit On 4+
from, it picks the closest one as
TO HIT 4+
it is the easiest to hit.

Is Hit On 4+
Concealed +1
HIT ON 5+

Is Hit On 4+
Over 16/40cm +1
HIT ON 5+
Is Hit On 4+
Over 16/40cm +1
Concealed +1
HIT ON 6

33
 The Panzer Platoon scores four hits on the Sherman V Armoured Platoon, all
of them targeted at the closest tank.

2
The shooting player must
1 assign the remaining hits evenly
The shooting to tanks from the Unit within
player must 6/15cm of the target team.
assign the first
hit against the
targeted tank.

6/15cm 2

3 3
The fourth tank is too far away
from the targeted vehicle, so
the shooting player assigns an
additional hit to the second tank.

TARGETS REQUIRING 7 OR MORE TO HIT 7) ASSIGN HITS

If the score needed to hit is 7 and the die roll is 6, then the
shot scores a hit on a further roll of 5+.
If the score needed to hit is 8 and the die roll is 6, then the
shot scores a hit on a further roll of 6.
If the score needed to hit is 9 or more, then the shot
cannot hit.
If you are re-rolling a die requiring a 7 or 8, treat both the
initial roll (needing a 6) and the further roll as a single roll.
For example, if you had three dice and were trying to get
7 and your rolls were 6, 6, and 1, you would immediately
make the further rolls (needing 5+) for the two 6s. If those
rolls were 6 and 3, you would have scored one hit and two
misses. You now re-roll the two misses.
Once all of the Units Teams have rolled to hit, the Shooting
player assigns the hits from the Shooting Unit. The hits must
be assigned to Teams that are:
a valid target for the Team that scored the hit,
part of the same Unit as the target Team,
of the same Type (Tank, Infantry, Gun, or Aircraft) as the
target Team, and
within 6/15cm of the target Team.
A target Team must be assigned at least one hit from the
Team or Teams that targeted it. Hits from a weapon must be
assigned evenly so that each Team has (as close as possible)
the same number of hits from that type of weapon. The com-
bined Hits from a Unit must also be assigned evenly.

SPEEDING THINGS UP HQ UNITS AND INDEPENDENT TEAMS

Shooting can involve lots of die rolls. Dont panic
thoughyou dont always have to roll each die separately.
Because most Units have the same w eapons in each
Team and often all need the same score to hit, you can
often (with your opponents agreement) roll all the dice
for a Units shooting at the same time, and assign the
hits as normal.
In some cases however, taking it slowly and resolving
the shooting one Team at a time makes complicated
situations much simpler than they appear at first glance.
When an HQ Unit or Independent Team (such as an
Observer) has been targeted, the Shooting player may select
another Unit and assign hits between them as if they were
the same Unit. Hits must still be assigned using the normal
rules, and Teams from the other Unit must be of the same
Type (Tank, Infantry, Gun, or Aircraft) as the target Team in
order to be assigned a hit.

34

DOING IT THE EASY WAY
In most cases (especially if you targeted a Team in the
middle of the enemy Unit), hit allocation comes down
to placing one hit on the target Team, giving each of the
Units Teams a hit until you run out of hits.
TOO CLOSE FOR ERROR
The target player cannot use the Mistaken Target rule if the
Shooting Team is:
within 4/10cm of either of the selected Teams, or
within 8/20cm if the selected Teams are Tank Teams.

HQ UNITS AND INDEPENDENT TEAMS

MISTAKEN TARGET
The targeted player may attempt to protect valuable
Teams like heavy weapons by reassigning hits to other
Teams representing misidentification of their target by the
Shooting Team.
The player selects a Team that was hit and another Team of
the same Type (Tank, Infantry, Gun, or Aircraft) that could
have been assigned hits (whether it was or not) and rolls a die.
On a roll of 3+, the player swaps all of the hits on each
Team to the other Team. The hits must still be allocated
according to the Assign Hits rule (page 34) after the
swap. Once a hit has been swapped it cannot be swapped
again. Any hits that cannot be legally swapped remain on
the original Team.
If the player succeeds, they can then attempt to swap hits
between a different pair of Teams, and continue to do so
as long as they make the 3+ roll required. If they fail in any
attempt to swap, all remaining hits stay where they were
allocated.
When an HQ Unit or Independent Team (such as an
Observer) is hit, the owning player may select another Unit
and use the Mistaken Target rule to swap hits between them
as if they were the same Unit.
KEEPING IT SIMPLE
Occasionally, how the terrain is placed will limit which
enemy Teams each of your shooting Teams can hit,
making the Mistaken Target rule a bit tricky to use. It
can help to use different coloured dice for each shooting
Team so that your opponent can see which hits can be
swapped between possible targets.
WHEN TO USE MISTAKEN TARGET
You wont need to use the Mistaken Target rule very
often as in most cases it makes little difference which of
your tanks your opponent shoots at.
The rule is there for those odd situations where it really
matters which team your opponent hits, and it seems a
bit unrealistic that their gunners seem to manage to pick
the most important one every time!

As the third tank

is at long range, so
less vulnerable to
penetration (see Roll
Saves on page36), the
British player attempts
to swap its hits with
those on the second
tank, needing to score
3+ to do so.

With a roll of 5, the British

player swaps all of the hits on
the second tank for all of the
hits on the third tank.

This is a complex situation to give us an opportunity to use the Mistaken

Target rule. You will not need to use this rule for most of your shooting.

35
 This Cromwell is at least This Cromwell is entirely in
partly behind the front of front of a line drawn across
the Marder, which will the front of the Marder, which
use its Side armour rating will use its Front armour
for its Armour Save. rating for its Armour Save.

8) ROLL SAVES NO NEED TO ROLL

The targeted player rolls a save for each hit.
ARMOURED TANK TEAM SAVES
When the Shooting player hits a turreted Tank Team, they
first roll a die to determine whether the shot hits the hull or
the turret.
On a score of 4+, the shot hits the turret, if it has one.
Otherwise, it hits the hull.
If the firing Team is entirely in front of a line drawn across
the front of the hull or turret (whichever was hit), the oppo-
nent uses their Teams Front armour rating when rolling their
Armour Save. Otherwise they use the Side armour rating.
If the Shooting Team is in the front or side of both
the hull and turret (or you are shooting at a turretless
tank), you do not need to roll to see which was hit as the
Armour rating of both are the same.
ROLL SAVE
When an Armoured Tank Team is assigned a hit, the owning
player takes an Armour Save. They roll a die and add:
The Teams Armour rating.
An additional +1 if the range between the Team
that scored the hit and the Team making the save is
over 16/40cm.

This Panzer IV H is behind the front of both the

turret and the hull of the M4A3 (76mm) Sherman,
which will use its Side armour rating against it.

This Panzer IV H is in front of the turret of This Panzer IV H

the M4A3 (76mm) Sherman, but to the side is in front of both its
of its hull, so the German player rolls a die for turret and its hull, so
each shot. On a score of 4+, the M4A3 (76mm) the M4A3 (76mm)
Sherman will use its Front armour rating as the Sherman will use its
shot hit its turret. Otherwise it will use its Side Front armour rating
armour as the shot hit its hull. against it.

36
 EXCEEDS ANTI-TANK RATING
If your opponents Armour Save roll is greater than your
weapons Anti-tank rating, their Armour Save is successful.
The shot has no effect, having bounced harmlessly off the
tanks armour.
EQUALS ANTI-TANK RATING
If your opponents Armour Save exactly equals your weapons
Anti-tank rating, they failed their Armour Save. Although
your shot didnt fully penetrate the tanks armour, it might
still do some damage.
To determine the effect of the hit you must take a Firepower
Test. Roll another die.
If the roll equals or exceeds your weapons Firepower
rating, the crew panic and Bail Out.
If the roll is lower than your weapons Firepower
rating the shot has no effect and the tank continues in
action unharmed.
LESS THAN ANTI-TANK RATING
If your opponents Armour Save is less than your weapons
Anti-tank rating they failed their ArmourSave.
To determine the effect of the hit you must take a Firepower
test. Roll another die.
If the roll equals or exceeds your weapons Firepower
rating, the tank is Destroyed.
If the roll is lower than your weapons Firepower rating,
the shot failed to do significant damage to the tank but
the crew still Bails Out of the tank fearing that the next
shot might do worse.

The British player rolls an Armour

Save for each hit.
The Panzer IV H's In this case, all of the saves are using
RANGE
75mm gun has an the Sherman V's front armour of 6.
Anti-tank rating of
11 and a Firepower
rating of 3+.

The first Sherman V rolls a 2 and adds 6, giving a

total of 8. This is less than the Panzer IV H's Anti-tank
rating, so the shot penetrates. If the Panzer IV H scores
its Firepower of 3+, the tank is Destroyed, otherwise it
is Bailed Out.

The second Sherman V rolls a 6 and adds

its armour rating of 6 for a total of 12.
This is more than the Panzer IV Hs Anti-
tank rating of 11, so the shot bounces off.

The third Sherman V was hit twice and rolls 4

and 4. Adding the armour rating of 6 and an
additional +1 for the range being over 16/40cm,
this gives both dice a total of 11. This equals the
Panzer IV Hs Anti-tank rating, so both shots
may be effective. If the Panzer IV H scores its
Firepower of 3+ on either hit, the tank is Bailed
Out. Otherwise it is unharmed.
If the Panzer IV H managed to Bail Out the
Sherman V twice, it would need to pass an
immediate Remount Check or be Destroyed.

37
 BAILED OUT TANK TEAMS
Bailed Out Tank Teams may not move (including issuing
Blitz Move, Shoot and Scoot, or Follow Me orders) or fight
(including Shooting, firing Artillery Bombardments, and
fighting in Assaults) until the crew Remount the tank.
BAILED OUT LEADERS AND COMMANDERS
If a Unit Leader or Formation Commander is Bailed Out
they may, at the start of any Step, swap to another Tank Team
within 6/15cm that is under their command. Their Bailed
Out tank then replaces their new one in its original Unit.
BAILED OUT AGAIN
Each time a Tank Team that is already Bailed Out would be
forced to Bail Out again (whether from Shooting or from
Assault or any other reason), roll a die instead of placing
another marker.
If the score is greater than or equal to the Teams
Motivation rating (or its Remount rating if different),
the shot has no additional effect on the tank.
Otherwise, the crew decides that its too dangerous to
hang around, and the Team is Destroyed.
REMOUNTING BAILED OUT TANK TEAMS
During the Starting Step (page 16) at the start of your turn,
roll a die for each Bailed Out Tank Team.
If the score equals or exceeds the Tank Teams Motivation
rating (or its Remount rating if different), the crew
Remounts their tank. The Team can now act as normal
this turn.
Otherwise, the Team remains Bailed Out.
REMOUNT RATING
A Units Remount rating is the same as its Motivation
unless modified by a special rule.
Motivation Rating Remount Rating
Fearless 3+
Confident 4+
Reluctant 5+
COMMANDERS LEADERSHIP
Re-roll all failed attempts to Remount for Tanks whose
Commander is within 6/15cm and in Line of Sight (includ-
ing the Commanders own Tank).

A Unit of Cromwell IV tanks starts its turn with all of their tanks Bailed Out.
They have a Remount rating of 3+ thanks to their Protected Ammo (Motivation Confident
4+, less 1 for Protected Ammo), so need to roll a 3+ to remove their Bailed Out markers.

Formation
Commander

6/15cm

The first Cromwell IV rolls a

1 and remains Bailed Out.

The second Cromwell IV rolls a 4 and

Remounts, removing its Bailed Out marker.

The third Cromwell IV rolls a 1. However, its Commander is

within 6"/15cm, so it can re-roll failed attempts to Remount.
The re-roll is a 5, so it Remounts, removing its Bailed Out marker.

38
 The German infantry took three hits. The Infantry
teams roll their Infantry Save of 3+ for each hit.
This Rifle/MG team in the open
fails its save and is Destroyed.
INFANTRY AND GUN SAVES
For each hit on an enemy Infantry or Gun Team, the owning
player rolls a die.
If the result is at least the Teams Infantry or Gun Save,
the Team survives largely unharmed.
Otherwise, unless the Team is in Bulletproof Cover, it is
Destroyed.
INFANTRY SAVES
Infantry Type Infantry Save
Heavy Weapon 3+ Save
Infantry 3+ Save
Cavalry 3+ Save
GUN SAVES
Gun Type Gun Save
Light Gun and Medium Gun 3+ Save
Heavy Gun and Immobile Gun 4+ Save
BULLETPROOF COVER
An Infantry or Gun Team that is in Foxholes or Concealed
by a Building, Crater, Trench Line, Stone Wall, Bocage
Hedgerow, Hill, or similar bulletproof terrain is in
BulletproofCover (page 21).
The Shooting player must roll a die for each unsaved hit on
an Infantry or Gun Team in Bulletproof Cover.
If the roll equals or exceeds the weapons Firepower
rating, the target Team is Destroyed.
If the roll is lower than the weapons Firepower rating,
the cover protects the Team from harm.
One of the Rifle/MG teams behind the wall fails its save. As
it is in Bulletproof Cover, the British player needs to roll the
shooting weapons Firepower number or higher to Destroy it.
UNARMOURED TANK SAVES
When an Unarmoured Tank Team (one with a Top armour
rating of -) is assigned a hit, the owning player rolls a die.
If the result is at least the Teams Unarmoured Tank Save,
the tank survives unharmed apart from some holes in
the bodywork.
Otherwise, it is Destroyed.
UNARMOURED TANK SAVES
Type Save
Unarmoured Tank 5+ Save
Unarmoured Tank with Gun Shield 4+ Save
Recce Unarmoured Tank 4+ Save
AIRCRAFT SAVES
When an Aircraft is assigned a hit, the owning player
rolls a die.
If the result is at least the Teams Aircraft Save, the aircraft
survives unharmed apart from some holes in the wings.
Otherwise, the shooting player must roll a die for each
unsaved hit.
If the roll equals or exceeds the weapons Firepower
rating, the target Aircraft is Destroyed.
Otherwise the Aircraft survives unharmed and con-
tinues its attack.
AIRCRAFT SAVES
Type Save
Aircraft 3+ Save
39
 Mark Destroyed
Tanks as Wrecks.
DESTROYED TEAMS
Leave Destroyed Tank Teams on the table as Wrecks.
Remove all Destroyed Infantry, Gun, and Aircraft Teams
from the table.
Mark a wreck by placing a plume of smoke on the model
representing smoke and flame from internal fires. Wrecks are
Terrain, slowing down tanks dashing across them, but are
not Difficult Terrain. Wrecks (ignoring the smoke plume)
provide Concealment as Short terrain. Armoured Tank Team
Wrecks are Bulletproof Cover.
PASSENGERS IN DESTROYED TRANSPORTS
When a Team carrying Passengers is Destroyed, consult the
rules on page 23 to find the effect on the Passengers.
REPLACE DESTROYED UNIT LEADERS
When a Unit Leader is Destroyed, the next in line for
command takes over.
If a Unit Leader is Destroyed, nominate another Team of the
same Type from the Unit within 6/15cm as the new Unit
Leader Team.
If there are no suitable Teams close enough, the Unit
remains leaderless until the Leader is replaced. A Formation
Commander may appoint another Team from the Unit
within 6/15cm and in Line of Sight as the new Unit Leader
at the start of any of their turns.
KEEPING TRACK OF LEADERS
It is a good idea to make your leaders easy to identify
with different markings or a commander model for
tanks. For infantry it is easier since the Unit Leader is
on a smaller base.
If your leader is Destroyed, it is usually a good idea to
pick a team with the same characteristics to be the new
leader and then just swap the old leader for it. That way
they are still easy to identify.
If your new leader is in a different type of tank or is
armed with a different weapon, you can use a Leader
token to keep track of them instead if you want.
40
Wrecks are Short Terrain, so slow movement
and provide Concealment. Wrecks of
Armoured Tanks are also Bulletproof Cover.
KILLING COMMANDERS
When a Formation Commander is Destroyed the owning
player can nominate another Team of the same type from
the HQ Unit within 6/15cm as the new Formation
Commander.
If they cannot do this, the owning player rolls a die.
On a roll of 3+, the Commander survives and switches
to another Team if there is one available. If there are
no Teams of the appropriate Type within 6"/15cm, the
Commander is killed.
Otherwise, the Commander is killed.
SWITCHING TO ANOTHER TEAM
If your Infantry Commander survives, remove anoth-
er friendly Infantry Team from their Formation within
6/15cm and replace it with the Commanders Team.
If your Tank Commander survives, nominate another
friendly Tank Team from their Formation within 6/15cm
as the new Commander. The Commander now uses the
characteristics of the new Tank Team.
ONLY ROLL ONCE
If a Commander is Destroyed multiple times by a Units
Shooting, the Commander still only needs to roll once to
see if they survive.
 The British infantry took seven hits.
As an Infantry Unit, it is Pinned
Down because it took at least five
hits.
Until the Unit Rallies, its teams
cannot move toward visible
enemy teams, but they can move
further away.

Teams that shoot while

Pinned Down, must do so
using their Moving ROF,
whether they move or not.

PINNED DOWN ARMOURED TANK TEAMS AND AIRCRAFT

Even if you dont manage to kill the enemy with your
Shooting, the weight of fire may pin them down. For soldiers
under such intense fire, forward progress is impossible, and
even shooting is difficult.
A Unit becomes Pinned Down if it takes at least five hits
in a single Shooting Step. These hits can be from any
source or combination of sources, as long as all of the hits
were inflicted in the same Shooting Step.
A larger Unit that started the Shooting Step with at
least twelve Teams needs to take at least eight hits in the
Shooting Step to become Pinned Down.
Armoured Tank Teams, Passenger Teams mounted in an
Armoured Transport, and Aircraft cannot be Pinned Down.
RALLYING FROM PINNED DOWN
If your Unit is Pinned Down, you may attempt to Rally it
in the Starting Step (page 16) at the start of your turn. Roll
a die to do so:
If the score is greater than or equal to the Units Motivation
rating (or Rally rating if different), the Unit recovers fully
and is immediately ready to continue the battle.
Otherwise, the Unit remains Pinned Down.

INFANTRY, GUN, AND UNARMOURED TEAMS COMMANDERS LEADERSHIP

Infantry, Gun, and Unarmoured Tank Teams in a Pinned Re-roll all failed attempts to Rally from Pinned Down for
Down Unit may not Move closer to any enemy Team in Line Units whose Formation Commander is within 6/15cm
of Sight, nor Move into Line of Sight of any other enemy and in Line of Sight of the Unit Leader (including the
Team. However, they may Dig In or retire away from visible Commanders own HQ Unit).
enemy Teams.
A Pinned Down Infantry, Gun, and Unarmoured Tank Team RALLY RATING
Shoots using its Moving ROF, whether it Moved or not. A Units Rally rating is the same as its Motivation unless
modified by a special rule.
Motivation Rating Rally Rating
Fearless 3+
Confident 4+
Reluctant 5+

41
 FIRING SMOKE EFFECTS OF SMOKE
Before Shooting normally, a Unit may elect to fire smoke, Teams shooting into, through, or out of a Smoke ball always
rather than armour-piercing or explosive ammunition, with suffer an additional +1 penalty on the score needed to hit,
any or all of its weapons that have that capability. These both for Shooting and Bombardments.
weapons cannot shoot after doing this. If a Team that has been hit by Smoke moves, the Smoke
When a Team fires smoke, each hit places a 2/5cm Smoke remains in place, allowing the Team to Shoot as normal.
Marker (or ball of cotton wool) on the Team rather than
causing any direct damage. Hits by Smoke cannot be reallo-
cated with the Mistaken Target rule.
All Smoke fired by a player is removed at the start of their
next turn.

The British Cromwell IV CS is firing Smoke trying to blind the Panther as

the infantry assaults. Each hit places a ball of smoke on the selected team.

The Smoke adds a +1 To Hit penalty when

shooting at the Panther, but provides the
assaulting infantry the same protection as well.

FLAME-THROWERS FUEL TRAILER

Flame-throwers work like fire hoses, only instead of water
they spray burning fuel. They are terrifying weapons to face,
and many men who are willing to risk a bullet will turn tail
and run rather than burn.
Flame-throwers can be Infantry Teams or Tank Teams.
Flame-thrower teams use all the normal shooting rules.
Tank Flame-throwers with Fuel Trailers are not affected by
the Fuel Tanks rule like normal Tank Flame-throwers.
HITS TOP ARMOUR
Flame-throwers hit a Tank Team's Top Armour when
shooting at it.

FULL ROF WHEN MOVING PINNED DOWN IF HIT BY FLAME-THROWERS

Flame-throwers do not reduce their ROF when moving.
TANK FLAME-THROWERS
Tank Teams with Flame-throwers cannot Charge into
Contact and must Break Off.
As an exception, Soviet Flame-thrower Tank Teams may
Charge into Contact and may Counterattack.
FUEL TANKS
Tank Teams with Flame-throwers increase the number
required to pass a Remount by 1.
Infantry, Gun and Unarmoured Tank Units hit by a Flame-
thrower are automatically Pinned Down (see page 41).
FLAME-THROWER ARSENALS
Flame-thrower Teams retain their Arsenal ratings, but change
their Anti-tank rating to 2, and Firepower to 1+, and use the
Breakthrough Gun, and Hits Top Armour special rules.
SAMPLE INFANTRY FLAME-THROWER TEAM
Range ROF AT FP Notes
4"/10cm 2 2 1+ Breakthrough Gun, Full ROF When
Moving, Hits Top Armour.

42
Snipers, solitary hunters with telescopic sights on their
rifles, are the stuff of legends. They usually work in pairs.
One shoots while the other spots, telling them if they were
high, low, left, or right. The pair spends hours lying hidden,
unable to move, waiting for their prey to come into their
sights. Then, with one shot they bring the enemy down.
Although snipers dont kill as many soldiers as a machine-
gun, the personal nature of their shooting makes them far
more fearsome than an indiscriminate machine-gun. A
leader can rally his men to advance into machine-gun fire,
but even the act of waving your men forward means death in
the face of a skilled sniper.
All Snipers have the following characteristics. Snipers
are Independent Infantry Teams and always rated as PERFECTLY CAMOUFLAGED
Confident Veteran. A good snipers hide is chosen so that the sniper will remain
Snipers are armed with a sniper rifle. invisible, even when they shoot.
Weapon Range ROF Anti-tank Firepower Sniper teams are Concealed and Gone to Ground, even
when they shoot. They are also in Bulletproof Cover.
Sniper rifle 16/40cm 1 0 4+
A Sniper team may not fire if there are any friendly Teams
EXPERT SHOT within 4/10cm, as the presence of these troops will give
away their hide.
Snipers are excellent shots, shooting anyone who moves,
making it difficult to keep up the momentum of attacks.
DRIVEN OFF
A Sniper may re-roll any failed Roll to Hit. Any platoon hit
If the enemy discover the snipers hide, a smart sniper realises
by a Sniper Team is automatically Pinned Down.
the games up and gets out.
SNIPERS HIDE If a Sniper team is Destroyed, the player that Destroyed it
rolls a die.
Snipers sneak out in the darkness before dawn, moving
stealthily into their chosen hide. Once in position they wait On a score of 4+, they knock out the sniper.
patiently for their prey. Otherwise, the Sniper team slips away and can be placed
back on the table again from the start of your next turn
Sniper teams are never deployed at the start of the game.
as an Ambush.
Instead, they are held off table and deployed as an Ambush
(see page 95). However, Sniper Teams can be placed in your
own Deployment Area or No Mans Land and must be
placed in Terrain that provides Concealment.

43
 Ground attack aircraft bomb, rocket, and strafe the enemy on the ground, while fighters protect your troops by
intercepting enemy aircraft.
AIRCRAFT
The air force has many tasks across the breadth and depth of
the enemy forces. Your battle is just one small part of the big
picture to them, so the aircraft supporting you will often be
called away to more urgent tasks.
AIRCRAFT ARRIVAL
At the start of each turn, the owning player may roll a die. On
a score of4+, the Aircraft Unit arrives and will be placed any-
where on table in the Movement Step as long as the Aircraft
stand can be placed flat on the table or suitable terrain.
Aircraft shoot or bombard as normal in the Shooting Step.
Just before an Aircraft attacks, the enemy can shoot their
Anti-aircraft weapons at it (see page 27).
AIRCRAFT FROM INTELLIGENCE
HANDBOOKS
Aircraft in the previous edition of Flames Of War had very
different rules. This edition has Aircraft rules with much
more in common with the rest of the rules, making them
easier to use and understand. However, to use the intelli-
gence briefings Air Support your have to follow a few steps
to convert their rules.
NUMBER OF AIRCRAFT TEAMS
Weve linked the type of air support to the number of
Aircraft Teams in your Aircraft Unit.
PRIORITY AIR SUPPORT
A Priority Air Support Aircraft Unit has three aircraft.
LIMITED AIR SUPPORT
A Limited Air Support Aircraft Unit has two aircraft.
SPORADIC AIR SUPPORT
A Sporadic Air Support Aircraft Unit has one aircraft.
MODELS
As many players may have only one aircraft model, you
can indicate the number of aircraft in your Unit by placing
a blue aircraft dice on the stand to indicate the number
of aircraft. Measure all weapons ranges from the aircraft
model on the table.
44
AIRCRAFT IN RESERVE
If the Aircraft Unit is held in Reserve (see page 96), do not
start rolling until the Unit arrives from Reserve.
AIRCRAFT DEPART
All Aircraft are removed from the table at the end of the
Shooting Step. Any casualties they suffer carry over when the
Unit returns to the table.
BOMBS AND ROCKETS
A flight of Aircraft Teams uses one Artillery Template when
shooting as Artillery with Bombs and Rockets. However,
they suffer no penalty for having only 1 or 2 weapons firing.
Only Teams from the Aircraft Unit can Spot spot for their
bombardment.
FIGHTER INTERCEPTION
Players with Fighter Interception may roll a die immediate-
ly after their opponents successful roll to receive Aircraft.
On a roll of 5+ the enemy Aircraft Unit is intercepted and
is not placed on table. Otherwise the enemy Aircraft Unit
is placed on the table as normal.
CLOSE AIR SUPPORT
Close Air Support arrives on a score of 3+, instead of 4+.
AIRCRAFT WEAPON RANGES AND RULES
MGs, Cannons, and Rockets have a range of 8/20cm.
Bombs have of a range of 6/15cm.
Rockets and Bombs shoot as Artillery and use the adjusted
Anti-tank and Firepower ratings.
Aircraft are Veteran Skill rating.
AIRCRAFT WEAPONS ROF
Aircraft MGs have a Rate of Fire 3. Aircraft Cannons have
a Rate of Fire 2.
CHOOSING WEAPONS
Some Aircraft have a choice of different weapons. You can
only shoot one type of weapon during a turn and your
must declare what that weapon is for all the Aircraft in the
Unit before you roll for Aircraft arrival.
AIRCRAFT ARE HIT ON
Aircraft are Hit On 5+.
The ancient science of artillery reached its destructive pinnacle in the bloody stalemate of the First World War.
There the armies of Europe learned the art of massed artillery fire to smash enemy defences and cut them off
from their reserves. Their technique was slow and methodical, but extremely deadly.

1) PICK SPOTTING TEAM

ARTILLERY SEQUENCE
1. Pick Spotting Team (see page 45)
2. Check Range (see page 45)
3. Select Aiming Point (see page 46)
4. Rotate to Face (see page 47)
5. Roll to Range In (see page 47)
6. Roll to Hit (see page 48)
7. Roll Saves (see page 48)
8. Pin Down Target (see page 49)
Artillery weapons are designed to bombard an area with a
deluge of explosive shells rather than attempting to hit a
particular target directly.
An Artillery Bombardment needs a Team to Spot the fall
of shot and correct the guns on to target. A Spotting Team
can be one of the firing Teams, a Formation HQ Team, or a
specialist Observer.
A Spotting team must not have Moved or attempted to Dig
In, cannot Shoot or Assault, but can fire in the Bombardment
it is Spotting for.
SPOTTING FOR AIRCRAFT
An Artillery Bombardment from an Aircraft Unit can only
be Spotted for by one of the Aircraft in the Unit. Aircraft can
spot for their own Bombardment while moving.
2) CHECK RANGE
Weapons can only fire a Bombardment at an Aiming Point
within their Range and in their Field of Fire.

WHO CAN BOMBARD

Any Team that has an Artillery weapon (indicated by a ROF
of - or a Arsenal Weapon line Firing Bombardments)
may fire a Bombardment instead of Shooting. A Unit with
Artillery weapons is an Artillery Unit.
Most Artillery weapons have both a normal shooting line
and an artillery line in their Arsenal entry. You must choose
to use one or the other each turn. Some, like rocket launch-
ers, can only fire bombardments and cannot shoot normally.
Teams cannot fire a Bombardment if they Moved (unless
they are Aircraft), failed a Blitz Move order, attempted to
Dig In, are in a Building, or are Pinned Down. Teams that
fire a Bombardment cannot Assault this turn.
If a Unit fires a Bombardment, all of its Teams with Artillery
weapons must either fire as part of the Bombardment, or not
fire at all. Other Teams can still Shoot as normal.

Artillery units can select any point on the table that

their Spotting Team can see as their Aiming Point.

Spotting Team
Artillery Unit

45
 A Heavy Artillery Battery is bombarding the T-34/85 tank company using an Artillery Template.

The German player places

the Aiming Point in the
centre of the target to catch
The sides of the Template point back to the bombarding Unit. as many tanks as possible.

3) SELECT AIMING POINT DANGER CLOSE

Pick a point on the table within Line of Sight of the Spotting
Team and place the firing Units Ranged In marker on it to
mark it as the Aiming Point of the Bombardment.
Centre the Template over the Aiming Point with the sides
pointing towards the Bombarding Unit.
TEMPLATE SIZE
The Artillery Template is 6/15cm square.
To reflect the danger of dropping shells too close to your
own positions, you may not place an Artillery Template
within 4/10cm of friendly Teams.
Aircraft may not place an Artillery Template within 8/20cm
of friendly Teams, but do not restrict the placement of their
own Template.

If there were German infantry

close to the Soviet tanks the
German player would need to
select a different Aiming Point so
that the edge of the Template is not
within 4/10cm of the infantry.

4/10cm

46
 A Heavy Artillery
Battery has a Skill
rating of Veteran
which is 3+. The
Spotting Team may
make up to three
attempts to Range In
the battery.
The more attempts
it takes to Range In,
the less accurate its
bombardment will be.

It Ranges In on its first attempt, so

will not suffer any penalty to hit.

4) ROTATE TO FACE RANGING IN WITH A LESS-SKILLED TEAM

The Artillery Teams Rotate to Face the Aiming Point. This
is a free rotation as part of Shooting, and is not Movement.
If the Aiming Point is outside of the weapons Field of Fire,
it cannot fire as part of the Bombardment, but it still rotates
to point at the Aiming Point.
5) ROLL TO RANGE IN
A Spotting Team can make up to three attempts to Range In
the artillery on its Aiming Point. Roll a die for each attempt:
If the score is greater than or equal to the Artillery Units
Skill rating, it has successfully Ranged In.
Otherwise, the ranging attempt missed, go on to the
next attempt.
If the Spotting Team fails all three attempts to Range In,
remove the Ranged In marker. The Artillery Unit that
was attempting to Range In cannot Shoot, Assault, or fire
an Artillery Bombardment this turn, and are not Gone
to Ground.
Once a Spotting team has made their three attempts to
Range In, they cannot make further Ranging In attempts
this turn.
If the Spotting Team and the Artillery Unit have different
Skill ratings (or Ranging ratings if they have them), use the
worse rating to Range In.
RANGING IN ADDITIONAL BATTERIES
If the Spotting Team successfully Ranges In in less than
three attempts, it may use its remaining attempts to Range
In another Artillery Unit that it can Spot for on the same
or a different Aiming Point. This Artillery Unit will suffer
the normal penalty for Ranging In on the second or
third attempt.
RANGING IN NEAR TERRAIN
Add +1 to the score required to Range In if the Aiming Point
is placed so that the Template will cover any Short or Tall
Terrain features or any part of a Smoke Screen.
RANGING IN AT NIGHT
A Spotting Team does not need to roll on the Night Visibility
Table (see page 90) when Spotting for a Bombardment at
Night, but does add +1 to the score required to Range In.
This is in addition to any penalty for Ranging In near Terrain.

Having successfully Ranged In the

Heavy Artillery Battery, the Spotter
uses its remaining attempts to Range
In an Heavy Infantry Gun Platoon.
The Spotting team succeeds on the
third attempt. The infantry guns will
have a +2 penalty on their rolls to hit.

Third attempt:
Second attempt: +2 penalty to hit.
+1 penalty to hit.

47
 Because the Artillery Template covers part of the crop field, the score needed to Range In is increased by +1 to 4+.
Ranging In on the first attempt means that there is no penalty on the roll to hit.
6) ROLL TO HIT
Roll a die for each Tank, Infantry, or Gun Team caught at
least partly under the Template.
The score to Hit a Team under the Template is shown as the
Is Hit On number below, modified as follows:
Add +1 if Ranged In on Second Attempt.
Add +2 if Ranged In on Third Attempt.
1 OR 2 WEAPONS FIRING
If the Artillery Unit only has one or two weapons firing, you
must re-roll successful rolls To Hit.
5 OR MORE WEAPONS FIRING
If the Artillery Unit has five or more weapons firing, you
must re-roll failed rolls To Hit.
SCORE NEEDED TO HIT
The score needed to hit a target Team depends on its
rating as follows:
Skill Rating Is Hit On
Veteran 4+
Trained 3+
Conscript 2+
48
SPEEDING THINGS UP
Although the rules suggest rolling individually for each
team under an artillery bombardment, you can often
(with your opponents agreement) roll the dice for all
teams of the same type at the same time, and assign the
hits in any manner agreeable to both players. In cases
such as where it matters which Team is hit, taking it
slowly and rolling for one Team at a time makes com-
plicated situations easier to handle. Either way, special-
ist teams such as anti-tank rifles, bazookas, and light
mortars should always be rolled for separately.
MIXED BOMBARDMENTS
When an Artillery Bombardment is fired by a combination
of different Artillery weapons use the lowest Anti-tank rating,
and the worst Firepower rating of all the types of weapon.
7) ROLL SAVES
Roll Saves for Teams that have been hit in the same way
as for Shooting (see pages 36 to 39), except that Armoured
Tank Teams use their Top armour rating.
BULLETPROOF COVER AND BOMBARDMENTS
An Infantry or Gun Team that is in Foxholes or in a Building,
Crater, or similar bulletproof terrain is in Bulletproof Cover.
Teams behind Stone Walls, Bocage Hedgerows, and similar
linear terrain are not in Bulletproof Cover from an Artillery
Bombardment.
 IS HIT ON

TRAINED 3+

The Heavy Artillery

Battery Ranges In on its
first attempt.
HIT
The German player rolls
one die for each T-34/85
tank under the Template.
The score to Hit is the HIT
T-34/85 tanks Trained Is
Hit On number of 3+.
MISS

If there were only two

guns firing, the German
player would have to
re-roll any successful rolls The T-34/85 tanks use their Top armour of 1 for
to hit. their Armour Saves against Artillery.

The shooting player must roll a die for each unsaved hit on
an Infantry or Gun Team in Bulletproof Cover.
If the roll equals or exceeds the weapons Firepower
number, the target Team is Destroyed.
If the roll is lower than the weapons Firepower rating,
the cover protects the Team from harm.
8) PIN DOWN TARGET
Infantry, Gun, and Unarmoured Tank Units hit by an Artillery
Bombardment are automatically Pinned Down (page 41).
REPEATING BOMBARDMENTS
An Artillery Unit may Repeat a Bombardment by using its
current Aiming Point. Because the Artillery Unit is already
Ranged In, it automatically Ranges In on its first attempt for
the Repeated Bombardment, so will not suffer the penalty
for Ranging In on the second or third attempt.
SPOTTING FOR A REPEAT BOMBARDMENT
The Repeated Bombardment still requires a Spotting Team,
but it may be a different Team from the one that originally
Ranged In on the Aiming Point and doesnt need to be able
to see the Aiming Point.
If the Spotting Team cannot see the Aiming Point, all rolls
To Hit will suffer a +1 penalty to the score required To Hit as
if the Spotting Team had Ranged In on the second attempt.
RE-ROLL INFANTRY AND GUN SAVES
Infantry and Gun Teams must re-roll successful Saves when
hit by a Repeat Bombardment.
MOVING REMOVES RANGED IN MARKER
If an Artillery Unit moves (including when it uses a Blitz
Move or Shoot and Scoot), it immediately removes its
Ranged In marker from the table. Since Aircraft must move
every turn, they will always remove their Ranged In marker
between Bombardments.
PRE-PLANNED ARTILLERY TARGETS
An Artillery Unit that is not in Reserve may place its Ranged
In marker anywhere on the table at the start of the game
after Objectives and Minefields have been placed, but before
Deployment. This Ranged In marker indicates the Artillery
Units current Aiming Point at the start of the game.
If both sides have Artillery, the Defender places their Ranged
In markers first.
BOMBARDMENT FIREPOWER AND
ANTI-TANK RATINGS
One of the new changes to Flames Of War is how artillery
works. Part of this was to look at the Firepower and Anti-
tank ratings of Gun Teams firing Artillery Bombardments
(including Aircraft Bombs and Rockets), so that artillery
would be more effective against Infantry and Guns. To
do this we have increases the Artillery Bombardment
Firepower of Artillery weapons. This combined with the
Repeat Bombardment rules makes artillery a more trou-
blesome prospect for static infantry and gun positions.
The anti-tank rating have also shifted to reflect the role of
the artillery in combat. A hit on a tank from an artillery
bombardment is more about good luck, than good man-
agement. To reflect this we have adjusted the Artillery
Bombardment Anti-tank Ratings.
Consult your Arsenal from your Intelligence Handbook
to see the values and use the new values below.
Arsenal Adjusted Arsenal Adjusted
Anti-tank Anti-tank Firepower Firepower
6 3 1+ 1+
5 3 2+ 2+
4 3 3+ 3+
3 2 4+ 3+
2 1 5+ 4+
1 0 6 4+

49
 ROCKET LAUNCHERS ROCKET LAUNCHERS
Salvo rocket launchers fire bombardments just like any other
You dont need any special template to use your Rocket
artillery. After ranging in as usual (usually by firing a single
Launcher Artillery Unit, just measure out the area with
rocket at a time, just like ordinary artillery), they fire all of
your tape measure.
their rockets in one massive salvo.
Rockets are notoriously difficult to control in flight. Without
any on-board guidance system the rockets of World War ARTILLERY
II could not hope to match the accuracy of conventional TEMPLATE
artillery and very big salvoes would simply be spread across
a wider area.

NUMBER OF WEAPONS FIRING AND ROLLING

TO HIT
Rocket Launchers only count the number of actual Teams
firing when determining if they re-roll rolls To Hit.
15CM/6
NUMBER OF WEAPONS FIRING AND SQUARE
TEMPLATE SIZE
Some Rocket Launcher Teams are listed as counting as two
or even four weapons when firing. These now count as one DOUBLE-WIDTH
Team for calculating re-rolls To Hit, but count as the number ARTILLERY TEMPLATE
of weapons for Artillery Template size.
If an Artillery Bombardment is being fired by Rocket
Launchers all of which count as two or more weapons, you
must use a Double-width Template.
If an Artillery Bombardment is being fired by Rocket
Launchers all of which count as four weapons, you must
use a Double-width and Double-depth Devastating
Bombardment Template. 15CM/6 X
30CM/12
AIR OBSERVATION POST
Flying low over the front line, an American L4 Grasshopper DOUBLE-WIDTH AND DOUBLE-DEPTH
or British Auster liaison aircraft operating as an air obser- DEVASTATING BOMBARDMENT ARTILLERY
vation post (AOP) is the bane of German soldiers. Any TEMPLATE
movement at all is instantly spotted and radioed back to the
field artillery, who respond in their usual brutal fashion by
pounding the target until all movement ceases. By D-Day,
every American and British division had light aircraft oper-
ating as AOPs giving them unequalled artillery observation
capability.
An Air Observation Post (AOP) is an Independent Observer
Aircraft Team (see Observers on page 6).
Unlike other aircraft your AOP Aircraft automatically arrives
in your Starting Step.
Instead of shooting like other aircraft, it may instead act as
a Spotting Team for an Artillery Unit. Before it attempts to
spot your opponent my conduct Anti-aircraft fire against it.
Due to the difficulties in flying an aircraft and locating tar-
gets at the same time, the AOP aircraft model (ignoring the
30CM/12
flight stand) must be within 16/40cm of the Aiming Point. SQUARE
Line of Sight from an AOP is taken from any part of the
aircraft model. AIR OBSERVATION POSTS ON TABLE
The AOP benefits from its height by allowing it to re-roll the An Air Observation Post never really goes away like
third attempt to Range In if it failed on that attempt. normal aircraft, the pilot would keep the AOP nearby.
You might like to leave your AOP on the table so you
remember it is available for next turn.

50
A smoke screen is created by firing shells filled with chemicals that burn quickly, giving off clouds of dense white
smoke. Enormous amounts of these shells must be fired onto a small area to create a smoke screen large and
dense enough to provide complete concealment for your troops. Impromptu smoke screens of the type called
down by a commander during a battle, while still impressive and quite effective, are nowhere near as dense and
complete and cannot be maintained indefinitely.

SMOKE BOMBARDMENTS SMOKE SCREENS

Some Artillery units can fire a Smoke Bombardment instead
of a normal Artillery Bombardment. Each such Artillery
Unit may do this once per game.
Smoke Bombardments must be fired at the beginning of the
Shooting Step before all other fire.
Use the normal Artillery rules to Range In, except that there
is no modifier for Ranging In near Terrain and no Danger
Close restriction. If the Bombardment is successfully
Ranged In, place a Smoke Screen on the Aiming Point. The
Bombardment has no other effect. If the Unit fails to Range
In, they may attempt to fire a Smoke Bombardment again
later in the game.
All Smoke fired by a player is removed at the start of their
next turn.
When a Unit fires a Smoke Bombardment, place a line of
2/5cm Smoke Markers (or balls of cotton wool) that is
4/10cm long for each weapon firing as a Smoke Screen.
So two guns will produce a line 8/20cm long, while five
guns will produce a line 20/50cm long. The line starts at
the Aiming Point and may be placed on any angle. You may
fire fewer weapons to produce a shorter screen if you wish.
EFFECTS OF SMOKE SCREENS
Lines of Sight into, through, or out of Smoke Screens are
blocked unless the Range is 6/15cm or less.
Teams shooting through or into a Smoke Screen always
suffer an additional +1 penalty on the score needed To
Hit for Shooting and on the score needed to Range In
Bombardments.

A 10.5cm Artillery Battery of three guns fires a Smoke Bombardment

to screen the panzers from flanking fire by the SU-76 assault guns.

Aiming
Point

4/10cm

8/20cm

The 10.5cm howitzers

successfully Range In, so 12/30cm for
the German player places three weapons 12/30cm
2/5cm
12/30cm (4/10cm per gun)
of smoke screen on the table.

Because the Range to

the Panzers is more
than 6/15cm, the
SU-76 assault guns
will have to move if
they want to shoot at
the panzers.

51
 Once the Shooting Step is completed, your troops charge the enemy in the Assault Step, attacking them with
hand grenades, close-combat weapons, and rifle butts, up close and personal.
ASSAULT SEQUENCE
1. Charge into Contact (see page 53)
2. Opponents Defensive Fire (see page 55) 6. Test to Counterattack (see page 57)
3. Roll to Hit (see page 57)
4. Roll Saves (see page 57)
In the Assault Step, you assault with any or all of your Units
one by one. When a Unit Assaults, its Teams move into con-
tact, the enemy shoots defensive fire, then both sides take
turns at fighting at close quarters with hand grenades and
close-combat weapons.
Once youve finished assaulting with one of your Units, move
on to the next, until all of the Units have made their Assaults.
An Assault is the only time an Infantry Team can Move
within 2/5cm of the enemy, or that a Tank Team can Move
within 2/5cm of enemy Infantry or Gun Teams.
SHOOTING BEFORE ASSAULTING
A Team can shoot in the Shooting Step (but not fire an
Artillery Bombardment) before Assaulting in the Assault
Step. If it does so, it must use its Moving ROF (whether it
moves or not), and must target a Team within 8/20cm of
the Team it will Charge into Contact with when it Assaults.
52
5. Check if the Assault is Over (see page 57)
7. Counterattack or Break Off (see page 58)
WHO CAN ASSAULT
In the Assault Step, an Armoured Tank Team or an Infantry
Team can Assault if it is not:
Pinned Down, or
a Heavy Weapon,
and it did not:
Move at Dash speed,
Move more than 10/25cm at Tactical speed,
Use a Movement Order other than Follow Me,
Shoot at its Halted ROF,
Spot for or Fire an Artillery or Smoke Bombardment, or
Shoot at Aircraft in the previous enemy turn,
and its Unit has not already Assaulted this turn.
LEADING FROM THE FRONT
A Formation Commander and their HQ Unit can combine
with a Unit from their Formation to conduct a joint assault.
To do this, the Formation Commander and the Unit Leader
must be of the same Type (Tank or Infantry) and must start
the Assault Step within 6/15cm and in Line of Sight of each
other. For the duration of the Assault Step, the combined
Unit is treated as a single Unit having the higher of the two
Units Counterattack values.
1) CHARGE INTO CONTACT
An Assaulting Unit Moves any of its Tank or Infantry Teams
up to 4/10cm into Contact with an enemy Team by the
shortest route. These Teams are now Assaulting Teams.
A Team is in Contact with an enemy Team if:
its front edge is as close as it can get to the enemy Team, or
it is an Infantry Team and its front edge is as close as it
can get to another Infantry Team from its own Unit that
is directly in Contact with an enemy Team.
CANNOT MAKE CONTACT
Teams that cant Contact an enemy Team cannot Assault.
WHO CANNOT CHARGE INTO CONTACT
Tank Teams cannot Assault other Tank Teams, so they
cannot Charge into Contact with enemy Tank Teams.
Heavy Weapons, Independent Teams, Gun Teams,
Unarmoured Tank Teams, and Transport Teams cannot
Charge into Contact at all.

Your Teams Charge into First, move all Assaulting Teams that can directly
Contact in two steps. contact enemy teams up to 4/10cm into Contact.

Heavy Weapons cannot

Charge into Contact.

Then, move any other Assaulting Infantry Teams that can Contact
an Infantry Team already in Contact up to 4/10cm into Contact.
A wall stops the Assaulting teams from
touching the Defending teams, so they
halt at the wall, but are still in Contact
as they are as close as they can possibly be.
Teams that cannot make
Contact cannot charge.

Remember, an Assaulting Team must use its Moving ROF in the Shooting
Step and must Contact a Team within 8/20cm of the Team it shot at.

53
 Two Panzer IV tanks need The first tank fails its Cross test it does not move.
to take Cross tests when they
launch an Assault against
British infantry in rocky terrain.
Tanks also need to pass a Cross test each
round while assaulting in Difficult Terrain.
If they fail a Cross test during a
Counterattack they must fall back 2/5cm.

The second tank passes its Cross

test and moves into Contact.

ASSAULTING THROUGH TERRAIN

If a Tank Team fails a roll to Cross terrain while moving into If the Assaulting Team successfully Charged into Contact,
contact with the enemy, they halt their movement. If a Team but cannot be placed into Contact with an enemy Team
was within 2/5cm of an enemy Team when they failed the because of a line of terrain, place it immediately across the
roll, move it back 2/5cm from the enemy to indicate that it terrain from the enemy and treat it as being in Contact.
did not succeed in Charging into Contact.
Teams cannot assault enemy troops that are in or across ter-
rain that is Impassable to them.

The A13 Cruiser tanks need to pass a Cross test to reach infantry across an obstacle.

This A13 Cruiser

failed its Cross test,
so fails to Contact
the enemy and
stops 2/5cm away.

This A13 Cruiser

does not need to
make a Cross test
as it Charges into
Contact around
the wall.

This A13 Cruiser passed its Cross test, so moves

up to the wall into Contact with the enemy.

54

One 2 pdr anti-tank gun is
within 8/20cm of the Assaulting
tanks, so it can shoot in Defensive
Fire, the other one cannot.
2) OPPONENTS DEFENSIVE FIRE
After the Assaulting Unit Charges into Contact, the oppos-
ing player conducts their Defensive Fire as the Assaulting
Teams close into contact with them.
Each enemy Team within 8/20cm of an Assaulting Team
(one that is in Contact with an enemy Team) is a Defending
Team and Shoots as if it was their Shooting Step.
Defending teams Shoot at their Halted ROF unless they are
Pinned Down, in which case they Shoot at their Moving
ROF. Defending Teams must target an Assaulting Team
within 8/20cm, and can only allocate hits to Assaulting
Teams within 8/20cm.
Defending Teams cannot fire Artillery Bombardments as
Defensive Fire.
As they are stationary, Defending Infantry Teams do not
block Line of Sight for Defensive Fire.
A Panzer III H has a Front
armour rating of 4, and a
Side armour rating of 3.
Defensive fire always uses the Side armour rating
reflecting close-range fire at vulnerable areas of the
attacking tanks.
The Jock Column shoots at the Panzer III tanks as
they Charge into Contact. Each team shoots at a
tank within 8/20cm using their Halted ROF.
8/20cm
NO MISTAKEN TARGET
In an assault the enemy is too close to mistake, so the assault-
ing player cannot use the Mistaken Target rule.
DEFENSIVE FIRE HITS SIDE ARMOUR
Tanks use their Side armour rating for any Armour Saves
against Defensive Fire, even when the front of the vehicle is
facing the Shooting Team.
NO BULLETPROOF COVER
Assaulting Teams are never in Bulletproof Cover from
Defensive Fire, but may be Concealed.
CLOSING WITH THE ENEMY
If an Infantry Team was in Contact with the enemy through
a friendly Infantry Team that is Destroyed, the Team
immediately occupies its place, remaining in Contact with
the enemy.
The Boys anti-tank rifle and the 2pdr anti-tank
gun both score hits on the attacking panzers.
While the anti-tank rifle cannot penetrate the
tanks Front armour rating, it can penetrate its
Side armour rating. The gun will be much more
effective against the thinner Side armour rating.
55
 An Italian Bersaglieri The Italian Bersaglieri Platoon is Pinned Down and the Assaulting Teams
Platoon launches an must Fall Back until they are more than 2/5cm from the Defending Teams.
Assault against some
British infantry.
Unfortunately the British
manage to score five hits
in Defensive Fire.

FORCING THE ASSAULT TO FALL BACK SNEAKING UP ON TANKS

A Unit that takes at least five hits from Defensive Fire A Tank Team cannot conduct Defensive Fire (although other
becomes Pinned Down and its Teams Fall Back the shortest Tank Teams in the Unit may) if any Assaulting Infantry
distance necessary until its Teams are more than 2/5cm Team that is in Contact with it:
from the enemy, and the Assault is over. A large Unit with at did not Move in the Movement Step,
least twelve Assaulting Teams needs to take at least eight hits did not use any Movement Orders,
to become Pinned Down and Fall Back. did not Shoot in the Shooting step, and
If all of the Assaulting Teams are Tank Teams with Top started its Charge into Contact Concealed by terrain.
armour 1 or 2, they only Fall Back if two or more of them
(or all of them if fewer), are Bailed Out or Destroyed by
Defensive Fire, regardless of the number of hits they take.
When a Unit Falls Back, any Tanks that were Bailed Out by
the Defensive Fire also Fall Back to reflect being hit while
closing to contact.

Because they are Concealed and did not Move or Shoot this
turn, the infantry teams can sneak up on the tanks.

The infantry teams Charge into Contact

with two Panzer IV tanks. These two
tanks cannot shoot in Defensive Fire. The remaining Panzer IV tank can still shoot in Defensive Fire.

56
 CONSCRIPT Each assaulting team rolls a die to hit, comparing
TRAINED the score against their Skill (or Assault) rating.
VETERAN
The Boys anti-tank rifle and a MG Team both hit.
The MG Team cant penetrate a tank, so chooses to use
improvised anti-tank weapons to hit the tanks Top
armour with Anti-tank 2 and Firepower 1+.
ASSAULT RATING
A Units Assault rating is the same as its Skill rating unless
modified by a special rule.
Skill Rating Assault Rating
Veteran 3+
Trained 4+
Conscript 5+
3) ROLL TO HIT
If the Assaulting Unit was not forced to Fall Back by Defensive
Fire (and still has Teams in Contact with the enemy), roll
one die for each Team in Contact with the enemy. The score
to hit is the Skill rating (or their Assault rating if different)
of the Assaulting Team.
If the score is greater than or equal to the Assaulting Teams
rating, they have scored a hit on the Team they are in
Contact with. If they are in Contact with several Teams,
the Defending player chooses which one is hit. Since Tanks
cannot Assault Tanks, a hit from a Tank cannot be assigned
to another Tank.
A Unit hit in an Assault is immediately Pinned Down.
SMALL INFANTRY TEAMS
Small two man teams of specialist dont have the same hit-
ting power as larger infantry teams in assault combat.
Infantry Teams mounted on Small Bases with two or less
miniatures (as shown in their platoon diagram), excluding
Unit Leaders and Formation Commanders, have their score
needed To Hit in Assaults increased by +1.
4) ROLL SAVES
The target player rolls Saves for each hit.
HIT TOP OR SIDE ARMOUR
When a hit is scored on an Armoured Tank Team, the
Assaulting Team has two options:
The Boys anti-tank rifle is a
Small Infantry Team, so has
its score needed to hit in an
Assault increased by +1 to 4+.
The Boys anti-tank rifle chooses to hit the tanks Side
armour and use its normal Anti-tank and Firepower.
It can use the Anti-tank rating of one of its normal weap-
ons against the Tanks Side Armour rating (as long as the
Tank is in its Field of Fire).
It can use hand grenades and other improvised anti-tank
weapons, giving it an Anti-tank rating of 2 and Firepower
1+ against the Tanks Top Armour.
TANK ASSAULT #
Some specialist Teams have a higher Anti-tank rating against
a Tanks Top Armour and are indicated in the Arsenals as
Tank Assault #. The # number shows the Anti-tank rating
against a Tanks Top Armour in Assaults, which is used
instead of anti-tank 2.
ROLL SAVES FOR ARMOURED TANKS
The targeted player rolls a save for each hit on an Armoured
Tank Team in the same way as hits from Shooting are
saved (see pages 36 to 37) with the same consequences for
failed saves.
NO SAVES IF NOT ARMOURED
Infantry, Gun, and Unarmoured Tank Teams hit in an
Assault are automatically Destroyed. If a Transport Team is
Destroyed, all of its Passengers are also Destroyed.
5) CHECK IF THE ASSAULT IS
OVER
The Assaulting Unit has won if all Defending Teams that
could be Contacted by the Assaulting Teams with a further
4/10cm Move have been Destroyed or are Bailed Out. If
the Assaulting Unit has won, the Defending Units must now
Break Off (see page 59).
6) TEST TO COUNTERATTACK
If the Assaulting Unit did not win the Assault, the opponent
rolls a single die and compares it with the Motivation rating
(or the Counterattack rating if different) of each Defending
Unit in turn.
57
 The British Honey
Stuart tanks destroy
Tanks cant assault tanks, so
two Italian Infantry
the Italian M13/40 tank does
Teams in an assault
not stop the British tanks from
winning the Assault.

4/10cm

As there are no surviving Infantry teams within

4/10cm of the Assaulting Grant tanks, the
British win the Assault.

If the score is greater than or equal to the Units Motivation

or Counterattack rating (as appropriate), that Unit may
Counterattack or Break Off as the player chooses.
Otherwise, that Unit must Break Off.
COMMANDERS LEADERSHIP
If one or more Units failed to Counterattack, re-roll the die
and apply the new result to Units that failed to Counterattack
and whose Commander is within 6/15cm and in Line
of Sight of the Unit Leader (including the Commanders
own HQ Unit).
7) COUNTERATTACK
When the defender Counterattacks, all Teams from the
Assaulting Unit become Defending Teams, and vice versa.
The Assaulting Teams (previously Defending Teams) that
are not in Contact with a Defending Team can Charge into
COUNTERATTACK RATING
A Units Counterattack rating is the same as its
Motivation unless modified by a special rule.
Motivation Rating Counterattack Rating
Fearless 3+
Confident 4+
Reluctant 5+
Contact with a Defending Team (even if Pinned Down).
Even if a Tank Team doesnt move, it must still roll to Cross
any Difficult Terrain between it and the Defending Team.
Any Teams that cant Contact an enemy Defending Team do
not Assault.
The counterattacking player then continues with the Assault
in the same manner as the original Assaulting player, except
that there is no Defensive Fire against a Counterattack.

The infantry of Teams that cannot reach the enemy do

the Motor Platoon not charge and remain where they are.
Counterattack,
becoming the
assaulting side.

Any teams that can do so

now Charge into Contact
with German infantry teams.

58
 The Germans Break Off from an assault.
Each team moves at Tactical speed until it is more
than 6/15cm away from the assaulting infantry.

The 88 has no
Tactical move, so
cant get far enough
away from the
assaulting infantry
and surrenders.

One of the tanks fails its Cross test, halting where it is, so cant get
far enough away from the assaulting infantry and surrenders.
The other tank successfully Breaks Off.

If the counterattacking teams do not win the Assault, the UNARMOURED AND TRANSPORT TEAMS
original Assaulting player then Tests to Counterattack. The Unarmoured Tank Teams and any Transport Teams must
assault continues back and forth like this until one side or Break Off.
the other wins.

OR BREAK OFF CONSOLIDATING

The victorious Unit may now Move up to 4/10cm in any
A Unit that Breaks Off is Pinned Down. All Teams from
direction, but cannot Charge into Contact. This Move may
the Unit immediately Move at Tactical speed the shortest
not bring them within 2/5cm of an enemy Team.
distance needed to be further than 6/15cm away from
all Assaulting Teams. If the Team cannot Move more than If the Move takes a Team back to a Foxhole occupied by one
6/15cm from all Assaulting Teams (or fails a roll to Cross of its Units Teams at the start of the Assault, it may reoccupy
terrain while attempting to do so), it immediately surrenders it. Any remaining unoccupied Foxholes are removed.
and is Destroyed.
KEEPING TRACK OF FOXHOLES
Once a Unit has Broken Off, it is no longer a Defending
If you plan on reoccupying your Foxholes after an assault,
Unit. If all Defending Units Break Off, the Assaulting Unit
remember to mark them before Charging into Contact.
automatically Wins the Assault and can Consolidate.

Having won the

Assault, the infantry
now Consolidate
4/10cm, preparing
for the inevitable
German response.

59
 Most units will stand firm while their losses are light. But once the casualties mount, even the most battle-
hardened soldiers question the wisdom of staying in the fight, deciding that discretion is the better part of valour.

IN GOOD SPIRITS DESTROYED UNITS

A Unit is In Good Spirits if: When a Unit is Destroyed, all Destroyed and Bailed Out
it does not have any Teams Bailed Out or Destroyed, Armoured Tank Teams remain in place as Wrecks (page 21),
while all remaining Teams are removed.
or
it still has at least: If a Transport Unit fails its Last Stand Test, its Passengers are
Pinned Down and Dismount before the Unit is removed.
two Tank Teams that are not Bailed Out.
two Gun Teams,
COMMANDERS LEADERSHIP
three Infantry Teams, or
Re-roll all failed Last Stand Tests for Units whose Commander
one Aircraft Team. is within 6/15cm and in Line of Sight of the Unit Leader.
Only count Teams that are In Command (page 18). If the
Unit Leader has been Destroyed and not replaced, the unit COMMANDERS ALWAYS STAND AND FIGHT
is not In Good Spirits. Being heroic, HQ Units never have to take a Unit Last
Stand Test.
UNIT LAST STAND TEST
A Unit that is not In Good Spirits needs to take a Last Stand ATTACHMENTS
Test at the start of the players turn after testing to Remount A Unit that has an Attached Unit (page 7) treats the Attached
Bailed Out tanks. Unit as a separate Unit for Unit Last Stand Tests. However, if
When a Unit takes a Last Stand Test, roll a die: an Infantry or Gun Unit is Destroyed or fails its Last Stand
Test, its Transport Attachment is removed from the game,
If the score is greater than or equal to the Units
but is not Destroyed.
Motivation rating (or the Last Stand rating if different),
the Unit fights on. Other types of Attached Units, such as an Infantry
Otherwise, the Unit is Destroyed. Attachment to a Tank Unit, continue to fight if their core
Unit is Destroyed.

LAST STAND RATING Motivation Rating Last Stand Rating

A Units Last Stand rating is the same as its Motivation Fearless 3+
rating unless it has a separate Last Stand rating modified Confident 4+
by a special rule.
Reluctant 5+

A British Cromwell IV Armoured Platoon has lost one tank and has two Bailed Out. Having failed to Remount the
Bailed Out tanks, it doesnt have the required two tanks still active, so is not In Good Spirits and needs to take a Unit
Last Stand Test. If it fails, the crews of the Bailed Out tanks will Destroy their tanks and flee the battlefield with the
surviving tank.

The accompanying Rifle Platoon has taken some casualties, but still has the
required three infantry teams, so is In Good Spirits and will fight on.

60
The key figure in holding the company together in a crisis is the company commander. While the commander
stands firm, the company fights. One slip, one hesitation, however, and the companys faith is lost. Losses are
an unfortunate reality of war, but its when those losses begin to pile up that the spirit of a company can break.

IN GOOD SPIRITS FORMATION LAST STAND

A Formation is In Good Spirits if it has at least two Units
(including the HQ Unit, but not any Transport Units)
from the Formation on the table or in Reserve (page 96).
Remember, Support Units are not part of any Formation, so
will not keep them In Good Spirits.
A Formation that is not In Good Spirits at the start of a turn,
after taking any required Last Stand tests, is automatically
Destroyed and all remaining Units are Destroyed (page 60).
NO FORMATIONS LEFT
If a player has no Formations in Good Spirits (other than
Allied Formations), they lose the game and their opponent
takes all Objectives (page 93).

B Squadron has suffered severe casualties with just one Unit of Sherman tanks and
the supporting artillery troop still on table and nothing in reserve. Since Support
Units dont count, it doesnt have the required two Units on table, so is Destroyed.

61
 Despite seeming outdated, in a war dominated by tanks, armoured trains performed well in Eastern Europe
where roads were few and poor, and distances to be covered were immense.

ARMOURED TRAINS SUPPORTING TANK ATTACHMENTS

The main parts of any Armoured Train are the Locomotive,
Artillery Cars, Infantry Cars (and the Infantry Units they
carry), and Supporting Tank Attachments.
The Locomotive and each Car or Wagon in an Armoured
Train are separate Tank Teams, with the whole Armoured
Train operating as a single Unit.
An Armoured Train must always operate in the order shown
in the Intelligence Briefing. It cannot uncouple cars or
change their order, but it may travel in either direction and
may enter the table facing either direction.
ARTILLERY CARS
For the purposes of shooting the Artillery Cars of an
Armoured Train are divided into Artillery Units, usually of
one Artillery Car per Unit, although some have multiple cars
in a Unit as noted in the Intelligence Briefings.
INFANTRY CARS AND INFANTRY
ATTACHMENTS
Supporting Infantry Units are Attachments (pages 7, 60,
93, 95-97). An Armoured Train Supporting Infantry Unit
is deployed or arrives from Reserve with the Armoured
Train. An Armoured Train with an Infantry Car always
Deploys with its Infantry Attachment as Passengers in the
Infantry Car.
Supporting Tank Units are Attachments (pages 7, 60, 93,
95-97). An Armoured Train Supporting Tank Unit is
deployed or arrives from Reserve with the Armoured Train.
The tanks of Supporting Tank Attachments deploy evenly at
each end of the train.
PLACING RAILWAY LINES
If the table has been set up with Railway Lines, use these
for the Armoured Train. Otherwise, at the start of the game
before any Objectives or Fortifications are placed on the
table, the players place a Railway Line as follows:
1. The player with the Armoured Train chooses two opposite
table edges. The opposing player picks a point on one of the
chosen table edges.
2. The Armoured Train player picks a point on the opposite
table edge.
3. The Armoured Train player then places a Railway Line
running in a straight line between these two points.
The line cuts through woods, fields, and other flat ground.
Rivers or streams are assumed to be crossed with culverts or
bridges. Any buildings in the way should be moved aside
by the minimum distance necessary. The Railway Line is
diverted by the minimum distance necessary to go around
hills (even gentle gradients are avoided by Railway Lines).
If both players have Armoured Trains, both place Railway
Lines, starting with the attacking player. Each players
Armoured Train must remain on its own track.

Opponents Table Edge

Player picks two
1 opposing table edges.

Buildings are moved aside

from Railway Line
Player places Railway Line
Opponent picks a point
4 between the two points.
2 on one table edge.
Railway line
diverts around
hills
Railway line bridges
streams and rivers

Railway Line passes through

Player picks a point on woods and fields
3 opposite table edge.

62
ARMOURED TRAIN DEPLOYMENT
Armoured trains can only move along railway lines, so their
deployment options are usually very limited.
An Armoured Train always begins the game off table, even if
not held in Reserves, and moves on to the table at the start
of its first Movement Step. In the turn an Armoured Train
moves onto the table, it always moves far enough to bring
the entire train and its Supporting Tank Units onto the table.
The Armoured Train will move on from the point where the
Railway Line crosses the players Deployment Area, or if it
does not do so, at the point the Railway Line crosses a table
edge closest to the players Deployment Area.
Armoured Trains cannot be held in Ambush (see page95),
they are simply too big and obvious, but they may be held in
Reserves (see page 96).
ARMOURED TRAIN MOVEMENT
Armoured Trains can only move on Railway Lines. If the
Locomotive is not Bailed Out, or Destroyed, an Armoured
Train can move up to 16/40cm forward or backward along
the Railway Line each turn. An Armoured Train cannot Dash.
MOVING OFF THE TABLE
If any part of an Armoured Train leaves the table, the whole
Armoured Train is considered to have left the table and
cannot return.
MOVING THROUGH WRECKS
Move any wreck on the Railway Line by the smallest distance
necessary for the Armoured Train to pass.
MOVING THROUGH OTHER TEAMS
Armoured Trains may not move through friendly Teams.
Any friendly Team on the tracks must move off the tracks
before the train can pass.
Armoured Trains are not hindered by enemy Teams. Any
enemy Team is moved aside by the opposing player by the
smallest distance necessary for the train to pass, retaining its
current facing.
CANNOT MOVE THROUGH A TRAIN
Teams cannot move through an Armoured Train unless the
Locomotive has been Destroyed. Once the Locomotive is
Destroyed, it and other Destroyed cars in the train become
Difficult Going. Armoured Trains cannot move through
other Armoured Trains, even when the other Armoured
Train is Destroyed.
ALWAYS IN COMMAND
An Armoured Train is a long line of Tank Teams lined up
end to end, which would normally mean the end cars would
be Out of Command. However, the Locomotive and Car
Tank Teams of an Armoured Train are always In Command
SHOOTING WITH ARMOURED
TRAINS
Armoured Trains do not suffer any penalty for shooting on
the move. They retain their Halted ROF when shooting
whilemoving. Each weapon on an Armoured Train can fire
at a different target from the other weapons.
Almost all guns (aside from machine-guns) on an Armoured
Train are mounted in Deck Turrets. As such, their Field of
Fire is restricted by the superstructure and other turrets of
the Artillery Car they are mounted on, and possibly by other
cars in the train.
TRAIN MACHINE-GUNS
The cars of an Armoured Train fire all of their Train MGs at
ROF2, even when other weapons are firing, including when
other weapons are firing an Artillery Bombardment.
The Field of Fire of a Train MG mounted on the side of a car
includes everything to the side of a line drawn along the side
of the car. The Field of Fire of a Train MG mounted on the
end of a car includes everything to the front of a line drawn
across the end of the car.
63
 PASSENGER-FIRED MACHINE-GUNS
Each Passenger-fired Train MG requires an Infantry or
Heavy Weapon (Man-packed Gun) Team Mounted in an
Infantry Car to fire it. The team does not need to be in the
same Infantry Car as the Train MG, and each team can fire
any Train MG in the train (although only one Train MG per
Team at any one time).
ARTILLERY BOMBARDMENTS FROM TRAINS
Armoured Trains can fire Artillery Bombardments while
moving. When an Armoured Train fires an Artillery
Bombardment, count each weapon firing as two
weaponsfiring.
All of the Artillery Batteries in an Armoured Train can
combine to fire a single bombardment instead of firing as
separate Units.
SHOOTING AT ARMOURED
TRAINS
Armoured Trains are shot at in the same way as any Unit of
Tank Teams. If a car is Destroyed, it ceases to function along
with all of its weapons, but does not otherwise hinder the
train. The Armoured Train moves with the Destroyed car
still in place.
CAN THE ARMOURED TRAIN
MOVE
If the Locomotive is Bailed Out or Destroyed the Armoured
Train cannot move.
If the Locomotive can still move when the Armoured Train
fails a Unit Last Stand Test, the whole Armoured Train is
removed from the table as it steams off, dragging its wrecked
cars with it. If it cannot move, the whole Armoured Train is
Destroyed in place if it fails a Unit Last Stand Test.
64
SHOOTING ACROSS TRAINS
In the same way that teams cannot shoot through any other
type of Friendly Team, Friendly Teams cannot shoot through
an Armoured Train.
Enemy Teams can shoot through an Armoured Train, but
teams at least half obscured by the Armoured Train (includ-
ing Destroyed cars) are Concealed.
ARMOURED TRAINS IN ASSAULTS
Armoured Trains cannot Charge into Contact and do not
move when Counterattacking.
If any part of an Armoured Train is assaulted, any part of the
train within 16/40cm of an Assaulting Team can Defensive
Fire at Teams up to 16/40cm away.
If the Locomotive can still move when an Armoured Train
Breaks Off from an assault, the train may move through or
past any enemy Teams without hindrance, and the train does
not need to be more than 4/10cm from enemy Teams for
the assault to end. If the Locomotive cannot move when the
train Breaks Off, any part of the train within 4/10cm of the
Assaulting Unit is captured and Destroyed.
Any Infantry Unit or Supporting Tank Unit is a separate Unit
from the Armoured Train. If the Infantry Unit is still mount-
ed in the Infantry Car when the Infantry Car is Destroyed
in an assault, the whole Infantry Unit will be Destroyed.
Infantry and Supporting Tank Units can Dismount to
Counterattack if they are assaulted.

Soldiers carry and tanks are fitted with various items of equip-
ment. These special rules tell you how these affect the game.
AMPHIBIOUS
Many light tanks can swim, slowly, if needed, allowing them to
cross rivers without the need for a bridge.
Amphibious Teams treat Impassable Water as Difficult Terrain.
BULLDOZER
Bulldozers are useful for filling in craters and anti-tank ditches,
or burying anti-tank obstacles blocking the armours advance.
A Bulldozer Team uses the Bulldozer rules on page 80.
GUN
Anti-tank guns and field guns need a gun tractor to move quickly.
Guns cannot be carried as Passengers in Transports. They
must be towed by a Tractor and cannot Charge into
Contact with enemy Teams, but can fight back if charged
by the enemy.
GUN SHIELD
Anti-tank guns usually have a gun shield to protect the crew
from enemy tanks machine-guns.
A Gun Team with a Gun Shield is in Bulletproof Cover
when shot at from in front of the Teams base. A Gun Shield
does not offer any protection against Bombardments or if
the Team moved at Dash speed.
HEAVY WEAPON
Riflemen are backed by infantry heavy weapons like heavy
machine-guns and mortars. Although they are heavy by the
standards of a rifleman, they are still small and light enough for
the crews to carry them on their backs, but not really suited for
hand-to-hand combat.
A Heavy Weapon Team cannot Charge into Contact, but may
be an Assaulting Team if in Contact with an enemy Team.
IMPROVISED TANK ASSAULT #
Some of the anti-tank grenades issued in World War Two were
almost as dangerous to the troops using them as to the tanks they
attacked. A good example of this is the British Grenade, Hand,
No. 74, commonly known as the Sticky Bomb.
If a Team with the Improvised Tank Assault attribute rolls
a 1 when rolling to hit in Assault combat, the team is
Destroyed.
The # number shows the Anti-tank rating against a Tanks
Top Armour in Assaults.
A Team armed with Improvised Tank Assault weapons may,
before rolling to hit, choose not to use them. In this case, the
team reverts to its normal Tank Assault rating of 2.
LARGE GUN (HEAVY AND IMMOBILE GUNS)
Some guns are nearly as big as a tank. They are difficult to hide
and require a powerful gun tractor to move them more than a
short distance.
Large Guns cannot be placed in buildings and cannot be
placed from Ambush (see page 95) within 16/40cm of
enemy Teams.
MAN-PACKED GUN
Man-packed guns are weapons light enough to keep pace with
the infantry.
Man-packed Guns are not Gun Teams, but are Infantry
Teams they use the Heavy Weapon special rule.
MINE ROLLERS AND FLAILS
A Mine Roller or Mine Flail is a Mine Clearing Device
MINE CLEARING DEVICES
Mine rollers and flails clear minefields by setting off the mines
by striking them with flailing chains or rolling over them with
heavy steel drums.
Mine ploughs, rollers, and flails allow tanks to clear mine-
fields (see page 78).
PORTEE
Some guns were carried en porte on the load bed of a truck
rather than towed to allow the gun to fire on the move.
Before the start of the game you may swap Portee Tank Team
for the ground mounted Gun Team version of the same
weapon (see appropriate Arsenal).
PROTECTED AMMO
Tanks with protected ammunition storage have their vulnerable
rounds stored behind armoured bins or flame retardant liquid.
Tank Teams with Protected Ammo reduces the score required
to Remount by -1.
TRACTOR
Tractors move towed guns around the battlefield.
A Tractor Team can tow a single Gun Team as a Passenger.
The gun model is placed behind the Tractor to show that it
is being towed.
In a Unit diagram the Tractor is usually indicated by being
placed under or next to the Gun Team silhouette in the same
gun section.
UNARMOURED
While mounting a gun on a truck or half-track gives it mobility,
its still not a tank and cant assault.
An Unarmoured Tank team cannot Charge into Contact and
must Break Off if assaulted.
65

Some weapons have features or technology that make them
more effective. These special rules reflect this.
ANTI-AIRCRAFT
Units tasked with air defence constantly scan the skies. They
react quickly and lethally whenever enemy aircraft appear.
Anti-aircraft weapons can Shoot at Aircraft using their
normal ROF.
AA MGS, SELF-DEFENCE ANTI-AIRCRAFT, AND
HEAVY ANTI-AIRCRAFT
Weapons need high-angle mountings and rapid traverse to track
fast-moving aircraft.
AA MGs on Tank Teams, Self-defence Anti-aircraft, and
Heavy Anti-aircraft weapons can Shoot at Aircraft using
a ROF of 1.
AWKWARD LAYOUT
Some tanks have awkward internal layouts making it impos-
sible to fire the gun on the move. A number of truck mounted
guns also suffer from having to lower stabiliser jacks before being
able to fire.
Tank Team with Awkward Layout have a Moving ROF of 0.
BOMBS AND ROCKETS
Aircraft bombs contain far more explosive than artillery shells,
making them many times more effective.
Bombs and Rockets do not need to re-roll successful rolls To
Hit for only having 1 or 2 weapons firing. Only Teams from
the Bombarding Unit can Spot for it.
BREAKTHROUGH GUN
Large-calibre guns pack enough explosive to destroy any unpro-
tected target outright.
Infantry, Gun, and Unarmoured Tank Teams (includ-
ing when Passengers) re-roll successful Saves against
Breakthrough Gun Weapons.
BUNKER BUSTER
Some Large-calibre guns are even more powerful and are often
used against well-protected fortifications.
Bunker Buster weapons are Breakthrough Guns and have a
Moving ROF of 0.
When a Bunker Buster weapon Hits a team in a Building
in Shooting, is also Hits every other Infantry, Gun, and
Unarmoured Tank Team in the Building. If the building is
divided into multiple rooms is only hits teams in the same
room as the target Team.
CAN FIRE OVER FRIENDLY TEAMS
Light mortars sit back firing over the heads of the advancing
troops to knock out enemy machine-gun nests.
These Weapons can fire over friendly teams.
66
FLYING TANK
Heavily-armoured ground-attack aircraft like the Soviet Il-2
Shturmovik and the German Hs129 are known as Flying
Tanks because of their comparative invulnerability to anti-
aircraft fire. Only large-calibre anti-aircraft guns have much
chance of bringing down a flying tank.
Add +1 to the score needed for Firepower Tests against
Aircraft rated as Flying Tanks in their Arsenal entry. This
makes it impossible for a weapon with Firepower 6 to shoot
down a Flying Tank.
FULL ROF WHEN MOVING
Submachine-gun and assault rifle-type weapons are very effective
on the move, but lose their effectiveness when Pinned Down.
These weapons have the same ROF whether Halted or
Moving. However, the weapons ROF is 1 when Pinned Down.
HITS TOP ARMOUR
Some weapons either arrive at a step trajectory or take advan-
tage of armours weaknesses.
Weapons with Hits Top Armour use their Anti-tank rating
against a target Teams Top Armour rating.
HMG CARRIER
When they board their HMG carrier, the machine-gunners
mount their machine-gun on their carrier so they can fire the
gun while mounted.
An HMG Team that started the turn as a Passenger in an
HMG Carrier may fire the carriers hull-mounted vehicle
machine-gun as an HMG team at their full ROF of 6 and
a range of 24/60cm as long as the vehicle does not move.
However when moving, the weapon is reduced to the usual
ROF 3 and 16/40cm range of a vehiclehull-MG. While
firing the machine-gun as an HMG team, it counts as the
vehicles Main Gun.
The HMG team that fires cannot Dismount in the same
turn, except to escape the destruction of their vehicle.
HULL MOUNTED AND GUN TEAMS
Hull-mounted weapons and most towed guns cannot traverse to
track targets to the side of the weapon.
Hull Mounted and Gun Team Weapon can only target
Teams fully in front of the shooting Team, and can only fire
an Artillery Bombardment if the Aiming Point is fully in
front of the shooting Team.
IMPROVISED ARMOUR
Often tank crews would add improvised arour to their vehicle.
This could be made of sandbags, tan tracks, or whatever they
could find and add it to the outside of their vehicle.
A Tank Team with Improvised Armour always makes an
Armour Save on a roll of 6 against weapons with a Firepower
of 5+ or 6.
MINIMUM RANGE 8/20CM
Indirect firing weapons such as medium mortars lob their round
in a high trajectory even when not firing bombardments, so
cannot fire at targets that are close to them.
Weapons with a Minimum Range 8/20cm cannot target
Teams closer than 8/20cm from them when Shooting, hence
these weapon cannot conduct Defensive Fire in Assaults.
MULTIPLE WEAPONS
Tanks like the US M3 Lee or Soviet T-35 have a hull-mounted
gun and a secondary turret or turrets. While these can be fired at
the same time, the tanks commander can only assist the gunner
of the main gun to find targets, leaving the other weapons gun-
ners to their own devices.
When shooting multiple weapons (other than MGs), you
may choose which weapon is the Main Weapon. A Tank may
fire its additional weapons (other than MGs) at ROF 1 at the
same time as its Main Weapon. If they do this, the additional
weapons suffer +1 penalty to hit. Each weapon may fire at a
different target.
NO HE
Some specialist anti-tank weapons do not HE (High Explosive)
ammunition making them much less effective against infantry
and other soft targets.
A weapon with No HE targeting an Infantry or Gun Team,
adds +1 to the score needed to hit.
ONE-MAN TURRET
Some tanks and armoured cars have tiny one-man turrets, leav-
ing one man the job of commander, gunner, and loader.
A One-man Turret main weapon adds +1 to the score needed
To Hit when moving.
OVERLOADED
Super-heavy tanks and heavily-laden assault guns often overload
their engines and suspensions, making them very poor at crossing
obstacles.
Overloaded Tank Teams increase their Cross number by +1.
PASSENGER-FIRED WEAPONS
Some transport vehicles come equipped with an onboard
machine-gun, but are only crewed by the driver, meaning the
weapon can only be fired when passengers are mounted.
A Team with a Passenger-fired weapon must have a Passenger
mounted to be able to shoot the weapon.
RECOILLESS
Recoilless weapons vent propellant gases to the rear to offset the
recoil creating a large cloud of dust and debris behind the gun.
Recoilless weapons never count as Concealed if they fired in
their last Shooting Step.
ROF 1 WEAPONS
Some weapons are slow to reload at the best of times, severely
limiting their ability to hit anything while moving.
ROF 1 weapons add +1 to the score needed To Hit
when moving.
SMOKE
Blowing the enemy up is always a good option, but sometimes
blinding them is better.
Smoke weapons can Shoot Smoke ammunition (see page 42).
SMOKE BOMBARDMENT
Artillery delivered smoke screens allow you to cover the flank of
your advance or blind the enemy defences as you advance.
Smoke Bombardment weapons can fire a Smoke Bombard
ment once per game (see page 51).
TURNTABLE
Some guns, mostly anti-aircraft guns, are mounted on turntables
allowing then to turn in any direction.
Weapons with a Turntable have a 360 degree (all around)
firing arc.
TURRET-REAR MG
While not very practical for long-rang shooting, a machine-gun
mounted in the back of the turret is perfect for discouraging
boarders in an assault.
A Turret-rear MG may not shoot.
In an Assault, if hit by an Infantry or Gun Team the Team
that Hit must re-roll its successful Skill Test to hit.
Bailed Out Tank Teams cannot use the Turret-rear MG rule.
UNRELIABLE
Some vehicles are poorly designed, unsuitable for the conditions
or just badly maintained.
Unreliable Teams reduce their Cross-country and Road
Dash by 2/5cm.
WIDE TRACKS
Some excellent tank designs have successfully utilised wider
tracks, allowing them to cross almost any terrain.
Tank Teams with Wide Tracks reduce their Cross
number by -1.
RULES NO LONGER USED
There are a few rules to be found in the older Intelligence
Briefings Arsenals that no longer apply in the rules. These
include: Limited Vision, Mobile Rocket Launcher, and Slow
Traverse.
67

CAVALRY
Horse-mounted cavalry may seem an anachronism in the age of
tanks and blitzkrieg, but they still have a role in less developed
areas like the Ardennes and Russias Pripyat Marshes where their
mobility is far greater than road-bound trucks.
Cavalry Teams shooting add +1 to the score needed To Hit
when moving.
Cavalry Heavy Weapon Teams cannot shoot until
they dismount.
Friendly Teams cannot shoot over Cavalry Teams. Flat
Terrain does not provide Concealment to Cavalry Teams
that did not move. They cannot be in Foxholes nor enter
a building.
A Cavalry Team can dismount as the equivalent Infantry
Team armed with the same weapons. Once they dismount
they are Infantry Teams for the remainder of the game.
Cavalry Teams cannot Sneak up on Tanks (page 56) and
cannot roll to hit an Armoured Tank Team in an Assault.
Cavalry Teams can Assault if they are within 6/15cm of the
enemy and can move up to 6/15cm when Charging into
Contact (page 53).
A Unit entirely made up of Cavalry Teams decreases the score
needed to Rally (page 41) and to do a Follow Me Movement
Order by -1 (page 25).
HORSE ARTILLERY
Horse artillery has a long tradition of galloping the guns to the
fore. Within 30 seconds of the order Into Action being given,
the well-drilled crews have the guns unlimbered and are deliv-
ering fire. Trading their horses for mechanical gun tractors has
changed the drill a little, but crash action remains.
Unlike most Gun Teams, Gun Teams that are Horse Artillery
can do a Blitz Movement Order.
INDEPENDENT
The specialists of Independent Teams are valuable and are pro-
tected by those around them.
An Independent Team can use the Mistaken Target rule
(see page 35) to reassign hits to nearby Units, but cannot
Charge into Contact (see page 52), nor take an Objective
(see page 94).
MOTORCYCLE RECONNAISSANCE
Motorcycle scouts fight mounted against light opposition, but
when things get tough, they dismount and finish the fight on foot.
Motorcycle Reconnaissance Teams and Units use the
Reconnaissance and Recce rule.
Motorcycle Reconnaissance Teams have a 4+ Save.
When Motorcycle Reconnaissance Teams choose to dis-
mount they replace their Team with an Infantry Team as
noted in their Arsenal entry and are no longer Motorcycle
Reconnaissance Teams.
68
MOUNTAINEERS
Some infantry are trained as mountaineers. They can scale cliffs
that are impassable to normal infantry
Mountaineers treat Steep Hills and Rocky Hills as Cross-
country Dash.
Mountaineers can cross Impassable Cliffs, Cuttings, High
Seawall, or High Embankment (but not Impassable terrain
in general). To do so they must start the Movement Step
touching the terrain. The Team crosses the terrain, halting at
the top or bottom of the Impassable Terrain.
OBSERVER
Artillery observers have extra radios and other specialist equip-
ment to allow them to call in artillery fire quickly and accurately.
An Observer Team can Spot for any friendly Artillery Unit
(see page 45). An Observer Team is Independent and a Scout.
RECONNAISSANCE AND RECCE
The purpose of reconnaissance units is reconnaissance and
every soldier in the platoon is trained in the art of stealth and
observation.
Recce Teams and Teams in a Reconnaissance Platoon use the
Scout rule. Reconnaissance Platoons use the Spearhead rule.
Unarmoured Tank Teams that are Recce Teams or are in a
Reconnaissance Platoon have a 4+ Save.
SCOUT
Scouts are there to keep track of the enemy, not to get into a fight.
The best way to do this is sneak and peek.
Scouts are Gone to Ground unless they Shoot or Assault (see
page 33). This means that if they are Concealed, the enemy
will suffer an additional +1 penalty to hit them (see page 33).
SPEARHEAD
The spearhead travels ahead of the main force during advances
and screens retreats. This allows the combat elements to move
quickly into position, secure in the knowledge that they will not
bump into unexpected enemy units.
When a Spearhead Unit is placed on table during Deployment
(but not if it arrives from Reserves or is placed outside the
normal Deployment Area using this rule), the player may
immediately Move its Teams at Tactical or Dash speed.
This movement may not use any Movement Orders, and
may not take a Team within:
16/40cm of an enemy Team it is not Concealed from,
8/20cm of any enemy Team,
16/40cm of the enemy Deployment Area or any
Objective outside your own Deployment Area.
When Deploying their remaining Units, a player may treat
the area entirely within 8/20cm of a Spearhead Team that
is In Command as an extension of their Deployment Area.
Teams placed here may not be placed in the areas that a
Spearhead Team may not move into.
TRANSPORT PLATOONS
A Transport Platoon must be attached to a Unit before
deployment. It becomes that Units Transport Unit for
the entire game and follows the rules for Attachments on
pages 7 and 60.
AUTOMATIC RIFLES
The US Army is equipped with the M1 Garand self-loading
rifle, M1 Carbine, and the Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR),
giving their infantry the ability to maintain their rate of fire
while moving.
Rifle and Carbine Teams with Automatic Rifles do not suffer
the usual +1 penalty to hit for firing while moving or Pinned
Down as a ROF 1 Weapon (page 67).
DETROITS FINEST
The Ford V8 engine improved the performance of the M4A3
series of tanks. Its power gave them a good top speed, while it
robustness and reliability allowed them to take advantage of this
without worrying about breaking down,
Tank Teams with Detroits Finest add +2/5cm to their
Terrain, Cross-country, and Road Dash movement.
DISMOUNTING MACHINE-GUNS
Any Infantry Team carried as a Passenger in a Transport
team may Dismount in the Movement Step with the vehi-
cles Passenger-fired .50cal AA MG, becoming an M2 .50
cal Team, or with its Passenger-fired AA MG becoming
a LMG Team.
An Infantry Team normally mounted in a vehicle can start
the game Dismounted with their vehicles Passenger-fired
machine-gun.
Once the machine-gun has been Dismounted from a vehi-
cle, all of the platoons vehicles must be Sent to the Rear (see
page 23) and cannot be Brought Forwardagain.
You may not Dismount a Passenger-fired .50 cal AAMG or
AA MG unless you have the appropriate model to replace
the Infantry team that Dismounted it.
DUCKBILLS
Duckbill tracks extensions gave the Sherman better mobility in
boggy ground. However, they were attached to the pins linking
two pieces of track, so the tank had to keep its speed down to
avoid breaking them off and throwing a track.
At the Start of the game a player may elect to fit all of their
allowed Tank Teams (as listed in the Intelligence Handbook)
with Duckbills. Tanks fitted with Duckbills change to Cross
on 2+, but their Mobility rating becomes Slow Tank.
HEDGEROW CUTTERS
Many American tanks were fitted with the Cullin Device for
the breakout from Normandy. This allowed them to punch
through the Bocage.
A Tank Team fitted with Hedgerow Cutters re-rolls unsuc-
cessful rolls to cross Hedge and Bocage Hedge terrain.
MOUNTING HMGS AND LMGS
Up to two HMG or LMG Teams carried as Passengers in
a half-track can fit their machine-guns to the sides of the
vehicle, converting them to side-mounted AA MGs. When
the team Dismounts or is Destroyed, its machine-gun
goes with it.
SMOOTH RIDE
The driving force behind the development of HVSS (Horizontal
Volute Spring Suspension) was the need for wider tracks for
crossing soft ground, and a smoother ride.
Tank Teams with Smooth Ride have a Cross of 2+.
STABILISER
Stabilisers keep the gun on target while moving across country.
They are not perfect, especially at high speed, but they make
fighting on the move much more effective.
A weapon with a Stabiliser retains its Halted ROF on the
move, but increases the score needed To Hit by +1.
TANK DESTROYERS
The Tank Destroyer Command was tasked with stopped
armoured breakthroughs and relied on massed ambushes to deal
with fast moving enemy tank attacks.
The Tank Destroyer Section of a Tank Destroyer unit is a
separate Unit and uses Seek, Strike, and Destroy and Scout
special rules.
The Security Section of a Tank Destroyer unit is a separate
Unit and uses the Spearhead and Scout rules (but not the
Seek, Strike, and Destroy special rule).
69
 SEEK, STRIKE, AND DESTROY
American tank destroyer doctrine was based round a fast, mobile
and aggressive defence against the German panzers.
Tank Destroyer Units may attempt a Shoot and
Scoot Movement Order after succeeding in another
Movement Order.
TIME ON TARGET
American artillery had a system of centralised control that
allowed them to coordinate the fire of all of their guns so that the
entire first salvo landed on the target at the same time, catching
the enemy before they have time to take cover.
If a US Artillery Unit with a Staff Team in their unit dia-
gram successfully Ranges In (page 47on the first attempt, all
Infantry and Gun Teams under the Template must Re-roll
successful Saves.
UNDER COMMAND
An excellent communication network allows the platoons of a
US company to quickly call for artillery support.
A US Unit Leader can a be Spotting Team for an Artillery
Bombardment.
RULES NO LONGER USED
The following US special rules are no longer used: Column
Security, Excellent Communications, Hit em with
Everything Youve Got, Jumbos Lead the Way, and Tank
Telephones.

THE TRUSCOTT TROT

Long-distance speed marches were a major feature of an infan-
trymans training. Some officers, like General Truscott of the
3rd Infantry Division, trained their troops so hard that they
dubbed speed marching the Truscott Trot.
All this practice paid off during Pattons drive to Palermo in
the Sicily campaign. The men of the 3rd Infantry Division
marching on foot were able to keep pace with the neighbouring
2nd Armored Division!
US Infantry Teams increase their Cross-country and Road
Dash by 2/5cm.

70
SCHRZEN
The Germans fitted their tanks with Schrzen to protect their
tanks from hand-held anti-tank weapons.
A Tank Team with Schrzen increases their Side armour
to5 against Infantry weapons with Firepower 5+ or 6.
STORMTROOPERS
German stormtrooper tactics learned during the First World War
emphasised the importance of initiative and decisive action.
A German Unit may attempt a second Movement Order
after succeeding in its first Movement Order. The second
Movement Order must be different from the first.
MOUNTED ASSAULT
German armoured half-tracks are unique in having a dedicated
vehicle commander (who crews the machine-gun) as well as a
driver. This gives them a greater degree of independence than
similar vehicles in other armies. They have learned to fight from
their half-tracks in contrast to others who just use their half-
tracks as battle taxis.
A Mounted Assault Transport Team carrying Infantry Team
Passengers may Charge into Contact and Counterattack
in Assaults.
Infantry Team Passengers carried in an Armoured Transport
Team with the Mounted Assault rule can roll to hit in
Assaults when their Transport Team is an Assaulting Team.
TIGER ACE
German Tiger crews were hand picked as the best of the best.
They had confidence in themselves and their machines.
A Unit with Tiger Ace reduces the number needed to pass
Last Stand by -1.
A Unit with Tiger Ace reduces the number needed to pass a
Skill Test to make a Blitz move by -1.
A Formation Commander Tank Team with Tiger Ace re-rolls
any failed roll to hit when shooting their main gun.
BEGLEIT ESCORTS
The German copied the Soviet practice of providing their assault
guns with Begleit, or escort, infantry to protect them against
infantry assaults.
A Tank Team with Begleit Escorts increases its Vehicle MG
ROF by +1 at up to 8/20cm (Assault Rifle weapon Range).
A Tank Team with Begleit Escorts re-rolls unsuccessful To
Hit rolls in Assaults.
A Tank Team with Begleit Escorts can Defensive Fire against
Infantry Teams sneaking up on it (see page 56) as an Assault
Rifle Team.
STUKA ZU FUSS
Sd Kfz 251 half-tracks in the third platoon of the
Panzerpionierkompanie are fitted with Wurfrahmen, frames for
six huge 28cm rockets. These were so devastating that they were
called Stuka zu FussStuka onfoot.
A Sd Kfz 251/1 (Stuka) half-track is a Rocket Launcher (see
page 50). Each Sd Kfz 251/1 (Stuka) half-track counts as
six 28cm sW40 Rocket Launcher weapons firing. All the Sd
Kfz 251/1 (Stuka) half-tracks in a Unit fire as one Artillery
Bombardment.
At the start of the game, place a Full Salvo marker with
a Unit equipped with Sd Kfz 251/1 (Stuka) half-tracks.
Remove this marker after firing an Artillery Bombardment.
If a Unit equipped with Super-heavy Rockets does not have
a Full Salvo marker when it fires an Artillery Bombardment,
roll a Skill Test for each Rocket Launcher able to fire in the
Bombardment. Only those that pass the Skill Test can fire as
part of the Bombardment.
Place a Full Salvo marker on a Unit equipped with Super-
heavy Rockets at the end of any Shooting Step in which every
Rocket Launcher in the Unit was able to fire an Artillery
Bombardment, but none did so.
The half-track is still available to transport its passengers
after the Stuka zu Fuss fires.
RULES NO LONGER USED
The following German special rules are no longer used:
Armoured Rocket Launchers, Kampfgruppe, Mission
Tactics, and Reich Divided.
71
 BAGPIPES
Nominate one Infantry Team in your Company HQ, other
than your Commander, to be a Bagpiper. Any Unit within
6/15cm of the Bagpiper requires one extra hit in the Shooting
Step and in Defensive Fire to become Pinned Down.
BRITISH BULLDOG
Some 200 years ago, a French general remarked that the British
troops his infantry attacked appeared to have taken root and
be stuck to the ground. They refused to run away when other
troops would have. Nothing has changed and British soldiers
still have a reputation for tenacity and stubbornly refusing to
give up ground that they have taken.
British Units reduce the score required to pass a Motivation
Test to Counterattack by -1.
DUCKBILLS
Duckbill tracks extensions gave the Sherman better mobility in
boggy ground. However, they were attached to the pins linking
two pieces of track, so the tank had to keep its speed down to
avoid breaking them off and throwing a track.
At the Start of the game a player may elect to fit all of their
allowed Tank Teams (as listed in the Intelligence Handbook)
with Duckbills. Tanks fitted with Duckbills change to Cross
on 2+, but their Mobility rating becomes Slow Tank.
EIGHT-GUN OR TWELVE-GUN BATTERIES
British artillery batteries have two or three mostly independent
troops of four guns apiece. By comparison, most countries have
only four guns in the wholebattery!
Each Gun Troop in any Battery, Royal Artillery or Royal
Horse Artillery (or Commonwealth variant) operates as a
separate Artillery Unit.
HMG BOMBARDMENT
The British concentrated most of their Vickers medium
machine-guns in specialist machine-gun battalions. These used
the full range of machine-gun tactics, including long range area
bombardments.
Some units, such as the machine-gun platoon of a motor bat-
talion, did not receive such specialised training and used their
weapons in a more conventional fashion.
British Vickers HMG Teams, and HMG Carriers firing as
HMG Teams, can fire Bombardments (unless their Unit
entry specifically says otherwise). However, since they have
Anti-tank and Firepower ratings of -, they cannot harm
Armoured vehicles or Destroy Teams in Bulletproof Cover
(page 48), although they can still Pin them Down.
MIKE TARGET
The British forces in the desert developed techniques allowing
them to respond to their observers orders incredibly quickly.
When a Spotting Team successfully Ranges In an Artillery
Unit with Mike Target, they may immediately roll to Range
In another Artillery Unit. If successful, the second Artillery
Unit is treated as Ranging In on the same attempt as the first.
72
NIGHT ATTACK
British infantry often timed major attacks to start in the middle
of the night. In theory this provided the infantry with a cloak of
darkness to conceal them from enemy fire until they had taken
their objectives and dug in to hold them.
In practice, delays often meant that the attack found itself still
embroiled with the enemy at dawn and subjected to vicious
counterattacks as the day began.
A player commanding a British Infantry Company (as noted
under the Formations title) may elect to make a Night Attack
in a mission where the defender has Minefields. If they do
so, Night Fighting Dawn rules (see page 91) are in effect at
the start of the game.
Units from Formations with Night Attack can move
freely from the start of the game. British Units from
other Formations or Support may not move out of their
Deployment Area until morning breaks.
TIP AND RUN
Portee-mounted anti-tank guns were originally meant to
dismount to fight. Adventurous crews soon devised tactics for
hiding behind a ridge, scoring a quick, short-range volley, then
running before the enemy can catch them out.
Reduced the score required to pass a Skill Test to make a
Blitz Move or Shoot and Scoot Movement Order by -1.
TOW HOOKS
The infantry often had difficulty getting their anti-tank guns
forward after attacks, so an armoured brigade in Tunisia
devised a very clever solution. They fitted their tanks with tow
hooks allowing them to tow the 6 pdr guns. It worked so well
that soon almost every British tank was fitted with a tow hook.
Tank Teams with Tow Hooks can be used as Tractors (see
pages 22 to 23).
TALLY HO!
Armed with short-ranged 2 pdr guns, British Cruiser tanks had
to charge the enemy, throwing caution to the winds.
Tanks with Tally Ho increase the score needed to pass a
Tactics test by +1, but have their Tactical Speed increased
by +2/5cm.
SEMI-INDIRECT FIRE
British heavy tanks often open fire at very long ranges, where
their prolific use of ammunition can compensate for the difficul-
ty of hitting the target. It means that their ammo racks empty
fast, but theres plenty more available for resupply.
Weapons capable of Semi-indirect Fire that did not move
in the Movement Step may re-roll failed rolls To Hit when
targeting a Team more than 16/40cm away.
RULES NO LONGER USED
The following British special rules are no longer used:
Broadside, Carry On, Sergeant, Combined Bombardment,
Independent Command.
KOMISSAR
A Komissar is a Communist Party official who supervises the sol-
diers to make sure they display the proper level of enthusiasm in
battle. A lack of heroism in driving the Hitlerites from Mother
Russia is not acceptable and the Komissar will not hesitate to
shoot soldiers who show fear during battle. As Comrade Stalin
said, It takes a brave man not to be a hero in the Red Army.
A Komissar Team may Re-roll its Units Last Stand Test, Rally
Tests, and Counterattack Tests as long as the Units Leader is
within 6/15cm of the Units Komissar Team. The Komissar
destroys a Team from the Unit within 6/15cm to do so.
If the re-roll is a 1, the Komissar Team is Destroyed instead.
If the Motivation Test has already been re-rolled by the
Formation Commander, a Komissar may attempt another
re-roll as an exception to normal re-rolls rule (see page 4).
BATTALION KOMISSAR
As well as the Komissar assigned to each company, your battalion
has a senior Komissar responsible for the entire battalion. Their
role is to assist their deputies in removing particularly dangerous
traitors and restoring discipline should it break down.
A Battalion Komissar Team is Independent. A Battalion
Komissar Team may Re-roll any Units Last Stand Test, Rally
Tests, and Counterattack Tests as long as the Units Leader
is within 6/15cm of the Battalion Komissar Team. The
Battalion Komissar destroys a Team from the Unit within
6/15cm to do so.
If the re-roll is a 1, the Battalion Komissar Team is
Destroyed instead.
If the Motivation Test has already been re-rolled by the
Formation Commander, a Battalion Komissar may attempt
another re-roll as an exception to normal re-rolls rule
(see page 4).
A Soviet Strelkovy Company was pinned
down by heavy enemy fire last turn.
At the start of the Soviet players
turn, they attempt to Rally, but
fail their Motivation Test.
Fortunately the Formation Commander, is within
6/15cm of the companys Unit Leader allowing it to
re-roll its failed Motivation Test, but again fails.
Not all is lost! The companys Komissar, is on hand (within 6/15cm of the Unit Leader). The
Soviet player Destroys a team and re-rolls a second time. This time the Komissars none-too-
subtle encouragement works. The company prepares to advance. Had the Komissar rolled a 1,
the soldiers would have rebelled and Destroyed him instead, and failed the test a third time!
INFILTRATION
Soviet soldiers have a reputation for being long-suffering and
tough-minded. They swim freezing rivers and wade through
trackless swamps in the pitch darkness to reach positions close to,
or even behind, the enemy before the battle begins.
A Soviet Unit with Infiltration is a Spearhead Unit, it uses the
Spearhead rules (see page 68) with the following exceptions.
This Soviet Infiltration Spearhead may not take a Team within:
14/35cm (rather than 16/40cm) of an enemy Team it
is not Concealed from,
8/20cm of any enemy Team,
14/35cm (rather than 16/40cm) of the enemy
Deployment Area or any Objective outside your own
Deployment Area.
STEEL WALL
The Soviet Union combined 122mm howitzers with 76mm
guns in their divisional artillery battalions. The lighter guns
are deadly rolled forward to shoot over open sights while the
howitzers bombard from behind.
Each Soviet Battery in an artillery battalion operates as a
separate Artillery Unit.
VOLLEY FIRE
When the advancing Soviet army came across a German strong-
point, assault guns and artillery batteries stopped to blast it
using a massive centralised volley.
Teams with the Volley Fire rule that did not move in the
Movement Step may re-roll failed rolls To Hit when
shooting its main weapon, providing it is targeting a Team
within 16/40cm.
The Volley Fire rule does not apply when firing Artillery
Bombardments, in Defensive Fire, or conducting an Ambush.
73
 CAT KILLERS
The medium self-propelled guns were used as long-range anti-
tank weapons to support tanks and infantry against German
tanks. Often their rate of fire was slow, but their accuracy was
good when the crew took their time to line-up their shoots.
Weapons with the Cat Killers rule do not use the Volley Fire
special rule. Instead, Weapons with Cat Killers that did not
move in the Movement Step may re-roll failed rolls To Hit
when targeting a Team more than 16/40cm away.
ROLL UP THE GUNS
The Red Army has a doctrine of keeping its guns right up in
the front line where they can fire over open sights. To make
this possible, they design their guns to be light enough for the
crews to push.
Soviet Medium and Heavy Gun Teams move as if they
were Light Gun Teams, but retain their Mobility rating
Cross number.
SHTRAF COMPANIES
Stalins infamous Order 227Not One Step Backformed A Tank Team with Tankodesantniki re-rolls unsuccessful To
Shtrafniye Roti or Penal Companies in each Army. These were
used as assault troops on risky operations where they could
redeem themselves with their blood.
A Shtraf Company can never attempt to Dig In and never
benefits from Foxholes. A Shtraf Company passes Motivation
Tests on 2+.
74
HEN AND CHICKS
Soviet tank losses were incredible. In 1942, they lost 16,000 of
them, far more tanks than any other army even possessed! The
only way the Red Army could keep up with such losses was to
rush tank crews into battle with minimal training. Combined
with a lack of radios and a preference for going into battle with
all hatches closed, this resulted in Soviet tanks blindly following
their company commander, as the Germans described it like
chicks following the mother hen.
If a Soviet Tank Team moves, it and all the Tank Teams in
its Unit, no matter if they moved or not, add +1 to the score
needed To Hit when Shooting with their main weapons.
TANKODESANTNIKI
The tanks of the Red Army suffered heavy losses to infantry
tank-hunter teams. The solution was to protect the tanks with
tankodesantniki, submachine-gun armed troops who ride to
battle on the back of their tanks.
A Tank Team with Tankodesantniki increases its Vehicle MG
ROF by +1 at up to 4/10cm (SMG weapon Range).
Hit rolls in Assaults.
A Tank Team with Tankodesantniki can Defensive Fire
against Infantry Teams sneaking up on it (see page 56) as
an SMG Team.
RULES NO LONGER USED
The following Soviet special rules are no longer used:
Centralised Control, Cupolas, Quality of Quantity, Tank-
rider Companies.
The hidden menace of buried land mines, the grim face of weather-worn bunkers, and the hard jut of anti-tank
obstacles are often the only thing that can halt the bold strokes of a Blitzkrieg advance. When combined with
tangled webs of barbed wire and carefully networked trenches they sway the tides of war in favour of the
defender. To defeat such measures pioneers creep forward, under the cover of immense artillery bombardments,
determined to open a path for the soldiers behind them. Once the way is clear the troops leading the assault
dash through the gaps, seeking to smash a hole in the enemy defences, opening the way once more for
sweeping advances.

ENTRENCHMENTS TANK PITS

Trench Lines are World War I-style trenches designed both A Tank in a Tank Pit ceases to be a Tank Team and becomes
as firing positions and as protected movement routes. Gun a Turret Bunker using the Bunker rules on page 76.
Pits are protected positions for machine-guns, anti-tank
guns, and artillery. Tank Pits are protected fighting positions
for tanks, making them into improvised bunkers.

TRENCH LINES AND GUN PITS

Teams always start the game in Fox Holes. However, you can
deploy Trench Line models on the table if your force comes
with Trench Lines. Trench Lines come in 8/20cm long sec-
tions. These can be broken up into smaller sections to make
it easier to build your trench system around the terrain.
Teams entirely within Trench Lines are Concealed and in
Bulletproof Cover. Teams spending their entire turn in a
Trench Line without shooting are Gone to Ground in the
opponents next turn, even if they moved.

75
 There are three basic types of bunker: Nests, Pillboxes, and
Turrets. Where the rules refer to Bunkers, they cover all
Nests, Pillboxes and Turrets.
Nests are roofed foxholes or well-protected fighting pits.
They provide good protection, but are vulnerable to accurate
close-range fire.
Pillboxes are much more substantial constructions in con-
crete and steel. Gunfire will not harm them and only close
assault or a huge bunker-busting gun can knock them out.
Turrets are made by mounting a tank turret on an under-
ground bunker containing ammunition and accommoda-
tion for the crew. They combine the flexibility of a tank with
the defensive strength of a bunker.
BUNKERS ARE TEAMS AND UNITS
Pillbox and Nest Bunkers are Gun Teams. Turret Bunkers are
Tank Teams. Each individual Bunker is a Unit.
FIELD OF FIRE
Turret Bunkers, Tobruk Pits, Normandy 5cmKwK Nest,
FlaK Nest (and others as noted it their intelligence briefing)
have an all-round Field of Fire.
All other Bunkers can only target Teams fully in front of the
shooting Bunker (or each firing slit if it has more then one),
and can only fire an Artillery Bombardment if the Aiming
Point is fully in front of the shooting Bunker.
LINE OF SIGHT
Line of Sight is measured to and from any part of a Nest with
an all-round Field of Fire or a Turret.
Line of Sight is measured from the Firing Slit or Slits of
other Nests and Pill Boxes.
CONCEALMENT
Bunker cannot be concealed in the open.

BUNKER RATINGS BUNKERS ARE TOUGH

Bunkers have the following ratings: Bunkers are tough, so any weapon making a Firepower Test
Bunker Motivation Skill Is Hit On Save against them must re-roll any successful Firepower Test.
Nest 2+ 4+ 2+ 3+
TANKS ASSAULTING BUNKERS
Pillbox 2+ 4+ 2+ 2+
Tank Teams cannot Hit Bunkers in Assaults unless they are
Turret 2+ 4+ 2+ Armour as briefing fitted with a Bulldozer blade or is a Bulldozer (see page 80).
Bunkers cannot move.

Most Nests have a

180-degree field of fire
from their Firing Slit.

Tobruk Pits and Flak Nests Turrets can shoot in

can shoot in any direction. any direction.
Pillboxes have a 180-degree
field of fire from each of
their Firing Slits.

Defilade Walls
limit the field of
fire of Pillboxes.
Nests with no obvious
firing slit can shoot in
any direction.

76
OBSTACLES If it does so, any Infantry Team or any Tank Team fitted
with a Bulldozer blade or a Bulldozer from the Unit within
There are five basic types of Obstacles:
6/15cm of the Unit Leader may immediately remove
Barbed Wire Entanglements, a Obstacle within 2/5cm (having moved adjacent to the
Street Barricades, Obstacle on the previous turn) instead of Moving. The Team
Minefields, is counted as Moving, but does not Move, and cannot Move
Booby Traps, and further, Shoot or Assault.
Anti-tank Obstacles.
GAPPING STREET BARRICADES
Do not remove a Street Barricade when it is gapped. Instead,
OBSTACLE SECTIONS
remove the middle piece, creating a gap in the Street
Obstacles come in 8/20cm long by 2/5cm deep sections. Barricade rated as Difficult Going. The remainder of the
Booby Traps are different and use a 1/32mm by 1/25mm Street Barricade continues to function as normal.
small base as a marker.
You can reduce the length to fit between terrain features, for BUNKER BUSTERS AGAINST STREET
example to block a road between two buildings. BARRICADES
Weapons rated as Bunker Buster can attempt to gap a Street
CROSSING OBSTACLES Barricade. The Street Barricade is Hit On 2+. Roll a To Hit
Barbed Eire Entanglement, Street Barricade, and Anti-tank in the Shooting Step.
Obstacles are treated like terrain. See the Obstacles table
If Hit, the Street Barricade is gapped,
below to see their effects on movement.
Otherwise, it remains intact.
GAPPING OBSTACLES
A Unit Leader that is not Pinned Down may issue an GAPPING ANTI-TANK OBSTACLES
Obstacle Gapping Order as a Movement Order instead of Unlike other Obstacles, an Anti-tank Obstacle can only be
Moving in the Movement Step. removed by a Tank Team fitted with a Bulldozer blade, a
Bulldozer, or a AVRE Mortar.

DASH SPEED CROSS BULLETPROOF

CHECK HEIGHT COVER
OBSTACLE
Barbed Wire Entanglement Terrain Dash Skill Test for Infantry Flat No
Impassable to Cavalry Teams
Yes for others
Street Barricade Terrain Dash Skill Test for Infantry Short Yes
Yes for other
Anti-tank Obstacle Terrain Dash No for Infantry Short Yes
Impassable to others

Street Barricade

77
 The location of a Minefield is shown by a Minefield
Obstacle. Any Team moving through a Minefield risks being
knocked out.
A Team that then Moves into a Minefield must roll a die.
If the score is at least equal to the Units Skill rating
(or its Tactics rating if different), the Team crosses the
Minefield safely.
Otherwise, the Team was hit by a mine with Anti-tank
5 and Firepower 1+ and must take a Save to survive
(using its Top armour if it is a Tank Team) (pages 36 to
39). If a Tank Team is Bailed Out or Destroyed, it halts
in the middle of the Minefield. If it survives, it continues
moving unharmed.
A Unit that took hits from a Minefield will be Pinned Down
(page 41) when it finishes moving.
CLEARING A MINEFIELD
A Unit Leader that is not Pinned Down may issue a Mine
Clearing Order as a Movement Order instead of Moving in
the Movement Step.
If it does so, any Tank Team with a Mine Clearing Device
(such as a plough, rollers, or flail) or any Infantry Team from
the Unit within 6/15cm of the Unit Leader may immedi-
ately remove a Minefield within 2/5cm (having moved into
the Minefield on a previous turn) instead of Moving. The
Team is counted as Moving, but does not Move, and cannot
Move further, Shoot or Assault.

Like any other obstacle Teams that dont completely cross

a Minefield must Skill Test again next turn to move.

Teams can only move through gaps

between Obstacles that are wide
enough for them to fit through.

Minefields require a Skill Test to cross safely.

78
BOOBY TRAPS
A Booby Trap is represented by one small base marker.
A Booby Trap only effects the first Team to move across or
off the Booby Trap marker. After that the Booby Trap is
expended and removed.
A Team that Moves across or off a Booby Trap must roll a die.
If the score is at least equal to the Units Skill rating, the
Team crossed it safely, and the Booby Trap is removed.
Otherwise, the Team was hit by a Booby Trap with Anti-
tank 3 and Firepower 2+ and must take a Save to survive
(using its Top armour if it is a Tank Team) (see pages 36 to
39). If a Tank Team is Bailed Out or Destroyed, it halts
on the Booby Traps position. If it survives, it continues
moving unharmed.
A Unit that took hits from a Booby Trap will be Pinned
Down (see page 41) when it finishes moving.
PLACING BOOBY TRAPS
Booby Traps do not need to be deployed before the game
begins. Instead, they may be placed at the same time as
Ambushing Units during each Starting Step.
Booby Traps may be placed anywhere in your own
Deployment Area or No Mans Land, including under
enemy troops. However, you may not place Booby Traps
under Teams already on Booby Traps, nor under Teams
in Foxholes.
DISARMING BOOBY TRAPS
A Unit Leader that is not Pinned Down may issue a Booby
Trap Disarm Order as a Movement Order instead of Moving
in the Movement Step.
If it does so, any Infantry Team or any Tank Team with a
Mine Clearing Device (such as a plough, rollers, or flail) from
the Unit within 6/15cm of the Unit Leader may immedi-
ately remove a Booby Trap adjacent to or under them instead
of Moving. The Team is counted as Moving, but does not
Move, and cannot Move further, Shoot or Assault.
79
 BULLDOZERS
Bulldozers are useful for filling in craters and anti-tank
ditches, or burying anti-tank obstacles blocking the
armours advance.
BURYING BUNKERS
Any Tank Team fitted with a Bulldozer blade or a Bulldozer
can assault a Bunker in the same way as an Infantry Team.
If the Bunker is a Turret, it is automatically Destroyed if hit.
GAPPING ROUGH TERRAIN
Bulldozers can create a gap in Difficult Going (such as a
Bocage Hedgerow) in the same way as they gap Obstacles. In
one turn they create a 2/5cm wide gap in a Linear Obstacle
or a gap 2/5cm wide by 4/10cm long in Area Terrain that
no longer requires a Cross test.
MINE FLAILS AND ROLLERS
Mine ploughs, rollers, and flails allow tanks to clear mine-
fields. They are Mine Clearing Devices (see page 78).
Germany developed remote-controlled demolition carriers
as a way of destroying fortifications without risking pio-
neers lives. There were two types of demolition carriers, the
Goliath and the Borgward BIV.
CONTROLLING TEAMS
Every Demolition Carrier must have a Controlling Team,
and each Controlling Team can only control their own
Demolition Carrier.
If the controlling Team is Destroyed, the Demolition Carrier
is Destroyed as well. Since they are expendable machines,
Demolition Carriers are ignored for Unit Last Stand.
BORGWARD BIV
The Borgward BIV is controlled by a tank and carries
1100lb/500kg (thats half a tonne!) of explosives on the
front, making it vulnerable toshooting.
A Borgward BIV Demolition Carrier is a Tank Team.
Borgward BIV
Mobility Front Side Top
Half-tracked 0 0 0
A Borgward BIV Demolition Carrier has Firepower 2+.
Re-roll failed Firepower Tests to Destroy a Borgward BIV
when it is hit by shooting.
80
ASSAULT BRIDGES
A Team with an Assault Bridge can place it over an adjacent
Anti-tank Ditch in the Movement Step instead of Moving.
The Team is counted as Moving, but does not Move, and
cannot Move further, Shoot or Assault.
Once placed, it cannot be retrieved. Bridges laid by Half-
tracked vehicles cannot be crossed by Fully-tracked vehicles.
BRIDGING STREAMS AND DITCHES
A vehicle with an Assault Bridge can also use the same
method to place its Assault Bridge across a crater, stream,
ditch or to provide a ramp up a bank up to 1/2.5cmhigh.
The terrain bridged no longer requires a Cross roll.
PIONEER SUPPLY VEHICLES
A Unit with a Pioneer Supply vehicle within 2/5cm of
the Unit Leader may re-roll unsuccessful rolls to Dig In
(see page 24).
DEPLOYING ADDITIONAL OBSTACLES
If the defender in a mission that has Minefields, you
may place:
one additional Minefield, or
three Barbed Wire Entanglements
in No Mans Land or your Deployment Area for each of your
Pioneer Supply vehicles that begins the game on the table.
Place these Obstacles when you place other fortifications.
GOLIATH
The Goliath is a 5/1.5m-long mini-tank carrying 132lb/60kg
of explosives. They are pulled by pioneers on a wheeled trol-
ley until they are in position to go.
Place the Goliath miniature with the Controlling Pioneer
Team to indicate its presence until it is Switched to Remote
Control. It counts as part of the Controlling Team and cannot
be hit by Shooting separately from its ControllingTeam
until it is Switched to Remote Control in the Assault Step.
Mobility Front Side Top
Half-tracked 0 0 0
A Goliath Demolition Carrier has Firepower 4+.
SWITCH TO REMOTE CONTROL
At the beginning of an Assault Step the controlling player
may Assault an enemy Unit with the Demoliton Carrier. The
Demolition Carrier can Assault if they are within Tactical
Move distance of the enemy and can move up to their Tactical
Move when Charging into Contact. The Demolition Carrier
must be within Line of Sight of the controller for the entire
movement. This movement may pass through friendly or
enemy Teams without restriction.
DEFENSIVE FIRE
The Demolition Carrier cannot not be forced to Fall Back by
Defensive Fire (though it can be destroyed).
ATTACKING A TEAM
A Demolition Carrier hits on a 2+ in Assaults and can hit any
adjacent Team, Building, Bunker, or Obstacle, Destroying
itself in the process.
If an Infantry Team, Gun Team, or Unarmoured Tank Team
takes a hit, it is Destroyed, unless it is a Pillbox Bunker.
If a Pillbox Bunker takes a hit, roll a save.
If it passes it is unharmed.
If it fails it is destroyed.
If an Armoured Tank Team is hit, take a Firepower Test for
the Demolition Carrier.
If it passes, the vehicle is Bailed Out.
If it was already Bailed Out, it is Bailed Out Again
(page 38).
If it fails, the vehicle is unharmed.
In the Assault Step a controlling Team can move its
Demolition Carrier 10/25cm Tactical Move, detonating
it once it has Charged into Contact with its target.
Borgward BIV
If a Demolition Carrier hits the
Pillbox Bunker in Assault, the
Pillbox Bunker rolls a 2+ to Save.
ATTACKING A BUILDING
To attack a Building, the controlling player chooses one of
the Buildings in contact with the Demolition Carrier. The
Demolition Carrier automatically Hits every Infantry, Gun,
and Unarmoured Tank Team in the Building. If the building
is divided into multiple rooms it must target one room and
only hits teams in that room.
ATTACKING AN OBSTACLE
To attack an Obstacle, the controlling player picks an
Obstacle in contact with the Demolition Carrier and
removes it.
A Demolition Carrier can blow a gap in an adjacent Bocage
Hedgerow in the same way as it gaps an Obstacle.
If a Demolition Carrier attacks a building,
it hits every Team inside on room.
Infantry, Gun, or Unarmoured Tank
Teams are Destroyed if hit.
A Firepower Test is needed to Bail
Out a hit Armoured Tank Team.
If an Armoured Tank Team
was already Bailed Out,
Firepower Test will Bail Out the
Tank Team Again (page 38).
The Goliath Demolition Carrier has Half-tracked
mobility and moves 10/25cm Tactical Move to assault
the Bunker, making a Cross Check to cross the Hedge.
81
 The core of the 79th Armoured Divisions strength is the versatile AVRE, the Armoured Vehicle, Royal Engineers.
This is a standard Churchill infantry tank with the main gun and ammunition racks removed and replaced with
a Petard demolition mortar and engineering equipment. Oddly, the plural of AVRE is AVsRE, Armoured Vehicles,
Royal Engineers.

FASCINE AND SBG BRIDGE PETARD MORTAR

AVsRE are often fitted to carry fascines or SBG bridges. The
fascine, a bundle of saplings used to fill a ditch, is carried on a
frame on the front of the tank. When the tank reaches the ditch,
it drops the fascine, and then resumes its demolition duties.
The SBG (Small Box Girder) bridge is a standard British light
bridge 34 (10 metres) long. An SBG bridge is carried on the
front of the tank and lowered across streams and ditches or
against seawalls and embankments to create a crossing.
At the start of the game after Fortifications (if any) are placed,
but before Deployment, you may elect to mount a Fascine
or Assault Bridge on any or all of your AVsRE. An AVRE
that has a Fascine or Assault Bridge mounted cannot shoot.
In addition, an AVRE that has an Assault Bridge mounted is
Overloaded (see page 67) rather than Wide-tracked.
Fascines act as Assault Bridges (see page 80), but may only be
used to bridge ditches and craters.
An AVRE may abandon its Fascine or Assault Bridge
instead of shooting, removing the Fascine or Assault Bridge
from play.
The AVRE is equipped with a Petard spigot mortar. This
strange weapon fires a 290mm bomb popularly known as a
Flying Dustbin.
The Petard mortar shoots as a normal (although very short-
ranged) gun.
DEMOLISHING TANKS
The Petard is a weapon that relies entirely on explosive effect.
If the Petard ever fired at a tank, its armour would be almost
irrelevant. The blast is likely to blow off tracks and cause other
damage without penetrating the armour.
Any Armoured Tank Team hit by a Petard mortar uses its
Top Armour rating for its Armour Saves.
DEMOLISHING OBSTACLES
The Petard fires such a big round that it can even demolish anti-
tank obstacles.
An AVRE may attempt to gap an Obstacle by shooting
at it. The Obstacle is Hit On 2+. Roll a To Hit in the
Shooting Step.
If Hit, the Obstacle is gapped,
Otherwise, it remains intact.

82
DEPLOYING FORTIFICATIONS
Bunkers and fortifications take a lot of time and effort to
build and rarely come as a surprise to the enemy.
You must place all Fortifications before the opposing player
places any Objectives (see page 94) unless the mission spec-
ifies otherwise.
Entrenchments and Bunkers must be placed in your
Deployment Area (see page 93). Obstacles may be placed in
either your Deployment Area or in No Mans Land.
Entrenchments and Bunkers cannot be placed in a stream,
river, swamp, lake or other water feature.
AREA DEFENCES
Fortifications that are Area Defences may be placed in either
your Deployment Area or in No Mans Land.
BUNKER DEPLOYMENT
Bunkers are usually built with mutual support in mind and
are usually not placed right next to each other.
Bunkers may not be placed:
within 2/5cm of another Bunker, nor
on a road, track, bridge, railway line, blocking a ford, or in
any other way obstructing a constructed route.
Bunkers can be placed in the ground floor of Buildings. If the
Building is large enough, place the Bunker in the Building,
otherwise, declare the whole Building to be a Bunker. Use
Openings in the Building as the Bunkers Firing Slits.
Objectives may not be placed in, on or under Bunkers.
NOT PLACING YOUR FORTIFICATIONS
You may choose to not place any or all of your Fortifications
in a game. If you do this the Fortifications are not used
during the game.
All of the Fortifications of a Fortified Platoon must be
deployed entirely within 12/30cm of the centre point.
Centre Point
FORTIFIED PLATOONS
Fortified Platoon Units place their fortifications at the same
time as other Fortifications before objectives are placed.
Mark a spot on the table (use a die or counter) as the centre
of each Fortified Platoon Units position. All of the Units
Fortifications must be placed entirely within 12/30cm of
the marked point, but may not be placed within 6/15cm of
any Fortification from another Fortified Platoon Unit or of
either side table edge.
DEPLOYING FORTIFIED PLATOONS
When the Teams of a Fortified Platoon Unit are Deployed,
they must be placed in the Trench Lines, Gun Pits, and
Tank Pits that come with their Unit, or placed in Foxholes
obeying the Fortified Platoon placement rules above. Only
Teams from the Fortified Platoon Unit may be deployed in
its Entrenchments.
If a Fortified Platoon Unit elects not to place any of its
Fortifications, it is no longer a Fortified Platoon. However,
such a Unit does no start the game in Foxholes as they have
not had time to dig alternative positions.
Fortified Platoon Units cannot be deployed in Ambush or
Reserves of any sort unless it elects not to deploy any of its
Fortifications.
DEPLOYING THE COMPANY HQ
The Company HQ Unit of a Fortified Company Formation
may deploy as part of another Fortified Platoon Unit, amal-
gamating their Fortifications as a single position. If it does
not do this, it deploys in its own fortifications which are
placed as if it were a Fortified Platoon Unit on its own.
6/15cm
Fortified Platoons may not be placed
within 6/15cm of other Fortified
Platoons or the side table edges.
83
 British troops launch Operation Goodwood to capture the city of Caen.

Panzergrenadiers from the 21. Panzerdivision prove difficult for British forces to dislodge as they fight
building by building.

84
The 21. Panzerdivision counterattacks with powerful PaK43 anti-tank guns and converted assault guns.

Caen finally falls to the determined British troops after finally overcoming the tough German defenders.

85
 Before fighting a battle, you need to choose your force. The most common form of force selection, and the best
way of ensuring a fair fight and an interesting game, is to select your force based on the points given for each
unit in the Intelligence Briefings. The points value is calculated based upon the size and fighting capability of
each unitthe larger and more powerful a unit is the higher its points value.
Before a game, you need to pick the Formations (Company)
and Units (Platoons) that will make up your force. There are
two ways to do this:
build to a points limit, or
build for a specific scenario.
POINTS LIMIT
Flames Of War uses a point system to ensure that games are
reasonably fair and balanced. Games are typically played with
around 1500 points, but you are certainly not limited to any
particular value. You can play any point value you and your
opponent decide from small 600point games in an hour, to
mammoth games using armies that are 3000 or 5000 points
or more! Once you and your opponent have agreed on
a points limit, you can choose any Units allowed by your
Formation (company) diagrams up to that total value.
SCENARIO
You and a friend could organise a scenario game that tells
the story of a specific battle. Linking your scenarios into
a campaign allows you to extend the story across multiple
games. In a scenario, you decide on a situation that would
provide an interesting challenge for both players and select
two forces that fit the scenario.
The forces use in a scenario will usually be based on a Force
Diagram, but may contain variations specific to the scenario.
The two forces might have the same points total, or they
might not, it all depends on the scenario you are creating. If
one force is much stronger than the other, the scenario will
usually include some additional difficulty for the stronger
force to make the game fun for both players.
86
PICK A NATION AND AN
INTELLIGENCE HANDBOOK
The first part of picking your force is to choose a Nation, the
Intelligence Handbook, and the Division or Brigade you will
pick your force from. Lets make a German Fhrer Begleit
Brigade force with about 1500 points from pages 122 to
147 of The Ardennes Offensive book.
PICKING FORMATIONS
Next pick your Formations. There are four to choose from
the Fhrer Brigades section: tanks (Fhrer Panzerkompanie),
armoured infantry (Fhrer Panzerfsilierkompanie), motor-
ised infantry (Fhrer Panzergrenadierkompanie) and infan-
try (Fhrer Grenadierkompanie). You can take any or all of
these, or even several of the same Formation.
We will just take one Formation of armoured infantry, a
Fhrer Panzerfsilierkompanie from page 130 of The Ardennes
Offensive.
FIELDING A FORMATION
Your Formations are made up of an HQ Unit and a number
of combat, weapon, and regimental (or brigade) Units. You
must field the HQ Unit and one Unit from each black box,
and may field one Unit from each grey box.
The sample Formation diagram on page 87 shows that a
Fhrer Panzerfsilierkompanie has:
a Fhrer Panzerfsilierkompanie HQ Unit,
two to three Fhrer Panzerfsilier Platoons, and
up to one Fhrer Panzerfsilier Heavy Platoon.
In addition were can also take one each of six different weap-
ons platoons.
We will take an HQ Unit, and two Fhrer Panzerfsilier
Platoons to get started.
VARIANT FORCES
When building a Force that has several division variants, you
must chose one of the variants and stick to it. Your Unit HQ
and all of your Combat and Weapons Units (and usually
some of your Support Units) must match the division you
have chosen. To help, we have included divisional symbols
to distinguish the variants. Simply use the options showing
your divisional symbol when calculating points or choosing
optional upgrades.
Formations are the core of your force and your main fighting strength. A Formation is a group of Units under a single
Commander. Often it is based on a company, but in the case of Soviets and some other nations it can be a battalion. It
contains the Formations own troops and their slice of their parent formations specialist weapons and units. The Formation
Diagram is, in essence, a list of Units that you can choose from when creating that Formation.

INSTRUCTIONS
Some companies are based on a single division, but other companies, like the Fhrer Panzerfsilierkompanie page 130 of The
Ardennes Offensive for example, have number of variants: in this case Fhrer Begleit Brigade and Fhrer Grenadier Brigade.
The instructions box will also talk about any additional instructions for thevariants.

INSTRUCTIONS
The instructions box
will also talk about any FHRER PANZERFSILIERKOMPANIE
Leaders Armoured Fusilier Company
additional instructions
MechanIsed cOMPany
for thevariants.
HEADQUARTERS

HEADQUARTERS
You must field one platoon from each box shaded black and may field one platoon from each
box shaded grey.
Your Company HQ must be either Fhrer Begleit Brigade (marked ) or Fhrer Grenadier
HQ UNIT Fhrer Panzerfsilier-
Brigade (marked ). All other platoons and options with either of these symbols must be from
the same as your company HQ.
13

kompanie HQ
1

Every formation has

an HQ unit that SUPPORT PLATOONS

includes the formation

COMBAT PLATOONS

WEAPONS PLATOONS

INFANTRY ARTILLERY
ARMOUR ARTILLERY

commander.
Fhrer Panzerfsilier Fhrer Panzerfsilier
13

13

Platoon
1

Mortar Platoon Fhrer Artillery

3

14
Fhrer Panzer Platoon Battery

12

6
9
INFANTRY Fhrer Armoured

14
ARMOUR Fhrer Panzerjger Artillery Battery

13
COMPULSORY UNITS

5
Platoon

9
ARTILLERY
A formation must have Fhrer Panzerfsilier ARMOUR
13

Platoon Fhrer Panzerfsilier

1

13

Cannon Platoon
3

one unit from each of the INFANTRY

ANTI-AIRCRAFT Fhrer Artillery
black boxes.

14
Battery

6
Fhrer Panzer Platoon
12
9

Fhrer Heavy Artillery

14
Fhrer Panzerjger Battery

7
13

Fhrer Panzerfsilier Platoon

9
13

Platoon Fhrer Panzerfsilier Fhrer Armoured

1

13

14
FlaK Platoon Fhrer Assault Gun Artillery Battery
4

5
14

Platoon
4

UNIT CHOICES Fhrer Armoured

14
MACHINE-GUNS
Heavy Artillery Battery

5
INFANTRY
ARMOUR
Volks Rocket
A formation may
16
Launcher Battery

6
Fhrer Panzerfsilier
also include one
13

Heavy Platoon
2

Fhrer Panzerpionier ANTI-AIRCRAFT

13

Platoon
4

Fhrer Assault Gun

14

unit from each grey Platoon

4

FLAME-THROWERS
box. Grey boxes in Fhrer Anti-aircraft
13

INFANTRY Gun Platoon

5

Fhrer Heavy Anti-

the columns labelled
13

aircraft Gun Battery

5

Fhrer Armoured
13

Flame-thrower Platoon
4

Fhrer Panzergrenadier
Combat, Weapons, and
13

Platoon
7

ANTI-AIRCRAFT

sometimes Regimental ARTILLERY Fhrer Grenadier Platoon

14
1

Volksgrenadier Sturm
or Brigade Support are
15

Platoon Fhrer Anti-aircraft

9

13

Gun Platoon
5

Volksgrenadier Schtzen
15

optional parts of your Platoon

9

Fhrer Panzerfsilier
13

Infantry Gun Platoon

3

ANTI-AIRCRAFT

Formation. RECONNAISSANCE

Fhrer Anti-aircraft
13

Gun Platoon
5

Fhrer Panzersph
13

Platoon
9

Fhrer Half-tracked
13

Panzersph Platoon
9

130

SUPPORT UNITS
A formation may also include one unit from
each grey boxes in the columns labelled
Support. These can also be called Divisional or
Corps Support.
These units are not part of your Formation. If
your have more than one Formation in your
Force you may only take Support from one
Formations diagram.

87
 Units are the fundamental building blocks of your force. The teams of a unit fight together as a closely-
coordinated group, supporting each other as they take the fight to the enemy.

BUILDING UNITS SUPPORT UNITS

Support Units are things like ARMOUR
Reading the instructions box and Formation (compa-
ny) diagram, I see that I need to field at least a Fhrer reconnaissance and artillery
Panzerfsilierkompanie HQ and two Fhrer Panzerfsilier that are held by the divisional
Platoons from the black boxes. I also need to choose one of commander and allocated out
Fhrer Panzer Platoon

12
the two variants available. I decided to field the Confident as needed. You can field one

9
FHRER PANZERFSILIERKOMPANIE
Veteran Fhrer Begleit Brigade company marked with the Unit from each box in the Fhrer Panzerjger

13
Platoon

9
motivation and skill
yellow helmet
A Fhrer ( ).from Fhrerbegleit-
Panzerfsilierkompanie
FHrerbegleitbrigade FHrergrenadierbrigade
support area.
RELUCTANT CONSCRIPT RELUCTANT CONSCRIPT
brigade is rated as Confident Veteran.
My Fhrer
One from Panzerfsilierkompanie
Fhrergrenadierbrigade is rated as HQ is a simple purchase
CONFIDENT TRAINED CONFIDENT TRAINED
Ill add some of the optional
ARMOUR
FEARLESS VETERAN FEARLESS VETERAN
Confident Trained.
as it had two Panzerfaust SMG Teams, a Sd Kfz 251/1 D and Support Units in grey boxes.
a Sd Kfz 251/17 D (2cm) HEADQUARTERS
half-tracks with no other options Some of the optional Units I
for 90 points.
F Hrer P anzerFsilierkomPanie would like to take are armour.

FHRER PANZERKOMPANIE
HAUPTmann
Hq HAUPTMANN
Looking at my three Armour
My two Fhrer Panzerfsilier Platoons are equally simple
Headquarters
Fhrer Panzer Platoon

12
boxes under my Support HEADQUARTERS
options

9
Company HQ 90 points 70 points Company Command 2iC Command
with options with either two or three Fhrer Panzerfsilier Panzerfaust SMG team Panzerfaust SMG team

I can takePup
fhrer to three Units,
anzerkOMPanIe hQ but Fhrer Panzerjger
HAUPTmann

13
Squads.
Teams from the I select
Company HQ of a three
Fhrer PanzerSquads
fsilier for both giving me seven Platoon

9
headQuarTers
kompanie may use the Mounted Assault special rule on page Sd Kfz 251/1 D half-track Sd Kfz 251/17 D (2cm) half-track
decide to take just two from the HAUPTMANN Unteroffizier

Panzerfaust MG Teams, a Sd Kfz 251/17

243 of the rulebook.
D (2cm) and threeCompany HQ 2 Panzer IV J 185 points -
Fhrer Assault Gun
first two IV J boxes. These
95 points two- boxes

14
Fhrer PanzerfsilierKompanie HQ 1 Panzer
Sd Kfz 251/1 D half-tracks for each Unit for 300 points. Platoon

4
Company
2 Panzer IV/70 (A) 280 points -
COMBAT PLATOONS contain options forpoints
armour - from
Command tank
1 Panzer IV/70 (A) 145 Recovery vehicle

FHrer PanzerFsilier Platoon Leutnant or Oberfeldwebel my Fhrer

2 Panther G Begleit -Brigade. I cant take the Fhrer Panzerjger
300 points
2iC Command
Recovery Section

1 Panther G - 155 points

Platoon
HQ Section with:
Leutnant or Oberfeldwebel
Platoon because
Add Recovery Section:
it is marked with a blue helmet ( ) tank
Company HQ

3 Panzerfsilier Squads 300 points 235 points Command Panzerfaust MG team Sd Kfz 251/17 D (2cm) half-track from Fhrer
1 Bergepanzer III Grenadier
+10 points Brigade,
- so Ive opted
Fhrer for twoHQ Fhrer
Panzerkompanie
2 Panzerfsilier Squads 220 points 175 points HQ Section 1 Bergepanther - +15 points

oPtion UNTERoffizier UNTERoffizier

Panzer Platoons (page 129 of The Ardennes Offensive).
Replace Command Panzerfaust MG team with Com-
mand Panzerfaust SMG team at no cost.
COMBAT PLATOONS
Panzerfaust Panzerfaust Panzerfaust Panzerfaust
MG team MG team MG team MG team
Fhrer Panzerfsilier Platoons may use the Mounted Assault fhrer Panzer PLaTOOn Leutnant
special rule on page 243 of the rulebook. PLaTOOn Leutnant
Sd Kfz 251/1 D half-track Sd Kfz 251/1 D half-track
The Panzerfsilier battalion was fully equipped with the latest Panzerfsilier Panzerfsilier 5 Panzer IV J 450 points -
Squad Squad
armoured half-tracks, including one armed with a 20mm 4 Panzer IV J 360 points -
anti-aircraft gun for defence against Allied aircraft. Both UNTERoffizier Command tank
3 Panzer IV J 270 points -
brigades led the advance with their Panzerfsilier battalions, HQ tank
seizing advanced positions while the rest of the brigade made 3 Panzer IV/70 (A) 415 points -
Panzerfaust MG team Panzerfaust MG team Sd Kfz 251/1 D half-track
its way forward. 3 Panther G - 440 points Unteroffizier Unteroffizier
Panzerfsilier Squad
Fhrer Panzerfsilier platoon
You must field at least one Fhrer Panzer Platoon entirely
Tank Tank
Because these Units are quite costly in points, I decide not to equipped with the same model of tank as the Fhrer Pan-
zerkompanie HQ.

add any Units from the Weapons Platoons column. The core of the brigades panzer regiment is its
Tank Tank
Panzer Section Panzer Section
panzer companies. These lead attacks and support
the infantry as they advance. The Fhrergrenadier- Fhrer Panzer Platoon

SUPPORT UNITS
brigade also had a company of StuG G assault guns, but these were detached to support 352nd Volksgrenadier Division
far off on its left flank.

On the right side of my Formation diagram there are WEAPONS PLATOONS

two columns labelled Support. These Units can be added fhrer Panzer Leutnant

to my force, but dont count as part of my Formation for131 anTI-aIrcrafT Gun PLaTOOn Leutnant
PLaTOOn
Formation Last Stand. So if I less than two Formation Units 4 Mbelwagen (3.7cm) 230 points 180 points

in my Formation is will break (page 61), my Support Units 3 Mbelwagen (3.7cm)

2 Mbelwagen (3.7cm)
175 points
120 points
140 points
100 points
Command Anti-aircraft tank
HQ Section
Anti-aircraft tank

quit the field and the game is over (page 93). 4 Wirbelwind (2cm) 230 points - Unteroffizier

3 Wirbelwind (2cm) 175 points -

In addition if I decide to take more than one Formation, 2 Wirbelwind (2cm) 120 points -
Anti-aircraft tank Anti-aircraft tank

I must choose one of my Formation diagrams to take The panzer regiments anti-aircraft platoons protect it from Anti-aircraft section
marauding Allied aircraft as it advances into battle. Fhrer Panzer Anti-aircraft gun platoon
my Support from. All my support must come from this
Formation diagram only. 129

88
 Volks Rocket launcheR BatteRy
Once I have selected all of my platoons and totalled up my
Platoon points, I just have to gather my miniatures, set up a battle
HQ Section and:
2 Launcher Sections with: Command SMG team Kbelwagen field, and start playing!.
6 30cm NW42 195 points
6 21cm NW42 160 points
6 15cm NW41 135 points
1 Launcher Section with: Fhrerbegleit Brigade
Fhrer Panzerfsilierkompanie
3 30cm NW42 100 points
3 21cm NW42 85 points Rocket launcher Rocket launcher
3 15cm NW41 70 points

oPtion A Fhrer Panzerfsilierkompanie HQ

Add Kbelwagen jeep and Sd Kfz 11 half-tracks (Compulsory Headquarters)
+5 points for the battery. Rocket launcher Rocket launcher
Company HQ 90 points
A Volks Rocket Launcher
RELUCTANT TRAINED B Fhrer Panzerfsilier Platoon
Battery is rated Reluctant
Trained.
(Compulsory Combat Platoon)
Rocket launcher Rocket launcher
3 Panzerfsilier Squads 300 points
suPeR-heaVy Rockets
The massive 30cm rockets used by the NW42 rocket launchers Fhrer Panzerfsilier Platoon
are slow to load and therefore the full battery is not always
available to fire on command. A Volks Rocket Launcher Volks Rocket Launcher Battery
C (Compulsory Combat Platoon)
Battery equipped with 30cm NW42 rocket launchers uses the
Super-heavy Rockets special rule.
Five Volks-Werfer Brigaden (Peoples Rocket Launcher 3 Panzerfsilier Squads 300 points
Brigades) supported the German forces during the Ardennes
ForAt thethe Fhrer
start of the game, place a Panzer
Full Salvo markerPlatoon
with there are options to take
offensive. Each brigade consisted of two regiments with Fhrer Panzer Platoon
D (Support Platoon)
six batteries of 15cm NW41 rocket launchers and three
Panzer IV J tanks or Panzer
a platoon equipped with 30cm NW42 Super-heavy
Rockets. Remove this marker after firing an Artillery IV/70 (A) tank-hunters for the
heavy batteries of either 21cm NW42 or 30cm NW42
rocket launchers, depending on if it was the first or second 3 Panzer IV/70 (A) 415 points
Fhrer
Bombardment.
Begleit Brigade variant.
If a platoon with Super-heavy Rockets does not have a Full
In one
battalion. platoon Ive taken three
Panzer IV J for 270 points,
Salvo marker when it fires an Artillery Bombardment, roll
andabilityin
to the
saturate a second platoon
wide area quickly Ive
The biggest advantage of Nebelwerfer rocket launchers is their
with high-explosive
Fhrer Panzer Platoon
E (Support Platoon)
a Skill Test for each Rocket Launcher able to fire in the
rounds. They are ideal for pinning down an enemy position
taken three Panzer
as part of the Bombardment. IV/70 (A)
Bombardment. Only those that pass the Skill Test can fire
for
while415
attackingpoints.
forces approach for the assault. 3 Panzer IV J 270 points
Finally,
Rockets at theId like some form
Place a Full Salvo marker on a platoon with Super-heavy
end of any Shooting Step in which everyof artillery. I decide to take some Volks Rocket Launcher Battery
Rocket Launcher in the platoon was able to fire an Artillery
Nebelwerfer
Bombardment, but nonerocket launchers as they are reliable and cheap. (Support Platoon)
F 6 NW41 15cm
did so.
135 points
Ill take a Volks Rocket Launcher Battery from page 166 of
The Ardennes Offensive. This Unit has three different types of G 1 Observer Rifle Team 0 points
rocket launcher available, I selected the lightest option with Total1510 points
six NW41 15cm rocket launchers for 135 points. These troops
have the Reluctant Trained rating, but as they should spend
most of the game at the back firing bombardments I dont see ALLIED FORMATIONS
this as a problem. Remember you dont field the command I could have also taken some Allied Support as an Allied
infantry team in guns units, see page 7. Formation. However, this wasnt available because there
My force can have one Observer, so I take one Observer Rifle were no Allied Units available in the Support section of
166
Team from the Volks Rocket Launcher Battery as my forces my Formation Diagram. If I had been able to, an Allied
Independent Observer Team. I dont have to pay any extra Formation would obey all the rules for its own nationality
points for my Observer as that has already been included with and acts as a Formation in its own right (page 8).
the Volks Rocket Launcher Battery.

FHRER PANZERFSILIERKOMPANIE

C
G
F

E
B

89
 While most battles take place in daylight, some were fought at night. Some armies even specialised in launching
their attacks at night. Moving at night, without lights, is slow and painstaking. In the darkness shapes blend
and blur turning tanks into houses, and rocks and trees into tanks. Few things are as difficult as finding targets
at night. Everything looks dangerous, making it tricky to pick your target, unless they shoot, then their muzzle
flash gives them away.

MOVING AT NIGHT NIGHT VISIBILITY TABLE

Teams may not move faster than their Terrain Dash speed
DIE ROLL DISTANCE
at Night. In addition, Teams add +1 to their Cross number
when moving through Difficult Terrain at night. 1 4/10cm
2 8/20cm
SHOOTING AT NIGHT
Teams shooting at Night always suffer an additional 3 12/30cm
+1 penalty on the score needed to Hit. 4 16/40cm

LINE OF SIGHT AT NIGHT 5 20/50cm

Units must roll on the Night Visibility Table to determine 6 24/60cm
their maximum Line of Sight distance. Teams from a Unit
do not have Line of Sight to Teams beyond the rolled dis-
tance. Roll immediately before checking Line of Sight. NO AIRCRAFT AT NIGHT
Do not roll for Aircraft to arrive at Night.
TARGET SHOT LAST TURN
The maximum distance does not limit Line of Sight to
enemy Teams that Shot in their previous Shooting step.
Shooting at Night token

BOMBARDMENTS AT NIGHT
Spotting Teams do not need to roll on the Night Visibility
Table. Their Line of Sight is not affected by Night. However,
attempts to Range In at Night add +1 to the score needed.

The Firefly VC tank and infantry teams want to shoot

the SdKfz251 half-track. As it is night, they must roll
to see how far they can see.

The infantry roll high enough to see the SdKfz251

half-track, so can shoot it. The Firefly VC tank did not.
However, since the Panther tank fired last turn, the
Firefly can see it at any distance.

90
The following rules encompass four times of day: Dawn, Daylight, Dusk, and Darkness.
TIME OF DAY
The first step for setting up a night battle is to decide with
your opponent what Time Of Day option to use.
Alternatively, you can roll a die:
On a result of 1 or 2, the battle is fought at Dusk.
On a result of 3 or 4, the battle is fought in Darkness.
On a result of 5 or 6, the battle is fought at Dawn.
You can find the rules for Dusk, Dawn, and Darkness below.
MARKING TEAMS THAT SHOOT AT NIGHT
After a Unit has fired, use the tokens in the Muzzle Flash
Token Set (TK905) to indicate which Teams have fired and
are therefore visible at any range in the next enemy turn (see
Shooting at Night on page 90).
THE MOON
As an optional rule you may like to include Moon light in
your night battles. You can either select either Full Moon, or
New Moon, or roll a die.
On a 1 or 2 the Full Moon rules are in effect.
On a 3 or 4 use the normal Night rules.
On a 5 or 6 the New Moon rules are in effect.
FULL MOON
When rolling on the Night Visibility Table (see page 90), roll
two dice and use the highest result.
DAWN
In a game being played at Dawn, the game starts in Darkness,
with the Night Fighting rules in effect.
At the start of the Defenders third turn, roll a die:
On a score of 5+, morning has broken. Once morning
breaks, the Night Fighting rules are no longer used, and
the rest of the battle is fought in Daylight.
If the roll is unsuccessful, at the start of the Attackers
turn four, they roll two dice with morning breaking on
any roll of 5+.
If it is still dark at the start of the Defenders next turn,
they roll three dice, and so on with each player rolling
one more die until morning breaks on any roll of 5+.
DAYLIGHT
In a game being played in Daylight, the Night Fighting rules
are not used.
NEW MOON
When rolling on the Night Visibility Table (see page 90), roll
two dice and use the lowest result.
Teams equipped with Infra-red Equipment use their normal
rules instead.
RECREATING NIGHT BATTLES
NIGHT SKIRMISH OR RAIDS
To simulate night skirmishes or raids, try using a mission
that uses a blend of reserves with scattered deployment, such
as Dust Up (page 98), Encounter (page 98), or Bridgehead
(page 102 of More Missions).
Such battles would usually take place at Dusk or in
the Darkness.
FULL-SCALE NIGHT OPERATIONS
To simulate a full-scale night operation, try using a mission
where the attacker has a focused objective, such as Rear
Guard (page 100), Breakthrough (page 101), or No Retreat
(page 101).
Such battles would usually take place at Dawn to maximise
the element of surprise and help speed up reinforcements
after sunrise.
DUSK
In a game being played at Dusk, the game starts in Daylight.
At the start of the Defenders third turn, roll a die:
On a score of 5+, night has fallen. Once night falls, the
Night Fighting rules come into effect and the rest of the
battle is fought in Darkness.
If the roll is unsuccessful, at the start of the Attackers
turn four, they roll two dice with night falling on any
roll of 5+.
If it is still light at the start of the Defenders next turn,
they roll three dice, and so on with each player rolling
one more die until night falls on any roll of 5+.
DARKNESS
In a game played in Darkness, the Night Fighting rules on
page 90 are used for the entire game.
91
 To reflect their unique circumstances most missions use a number of special rules that make them more realistic
and add exciting tactical twists to each engagement. Each mission tells you which special rules apply.
The army always has a plan, and your formation has a mis-
sion as part of that plan. While you can just stick your forces
on the table and fight until one side is completely destroyed,
missions and scenarios add a whole new level to the game
as players struggle to take or defend specific objectives or
achieve goals vital to their war effort.
SELECTING A MISSION
Your first mission should be Annihilation (page 97) as it is
a simple mission that pits one player against the other in a
fight to the death. This mission is ideal for smaller forces.
Once you've played Annihilation a few times, try Free forAll,
which adds Objectives (page 97) to the mission to bring in
new stratagems to defeat your opponent with. After that play
Dust Up to add Reserves (page 98) and a new battlefield
layout to your games.
When you've got the hang of these missions, you and your
opponent can either choose a mission, or one player can
roll on the Random Mission Table to select one of the six
easiest-to-play missions.
MORE MISSIONS
Once you've gained some experience with the first six
missions, there are four more: Breakthrough, No Retreat,
Rearguard, and Bridgehead for you to try. These missions
introduce new twists to your battles with ambushes, mine-
fields, and strategic withdrawals. These missions particularly
suit infantry forces as the defender giving you the opportu-
nity to experiment with different types of force.
92
RANDOM MISSION TABLE
DIE ROLL MISSION TYPE
1 Annihilation
2 Free for All
3 Dust Up
4 Encounter
5 Counterattack
6 Hasty Attack
WHO ATTACKS
There are three ways to determine which player is the attacker.
The simplest is for both players to roll a die. The highest-
scoring player is the Attacker. This method is particularly
suited to Meeting Engagements like Annihilation, Free
forAll, Encounter, and Dust Up.
Alternatively, both players choose whether they wish to
attack or defend, then reveal their choices at the same time.
If both players want to attack or both want to defend, then
roll a die as above.
The third method is to have the player with more infantry
formations defend. These last two methods are useful for
missions with a distinct attacker and defender like Hasty
Attack, Counterattack, and No Retreat.
 VICTORY POINTS TABLE
WINNERS LOSSES RESULT WINNERS VICTORY POINTS LOSERS VICTORY POINTS

0 or 1 Unit Stunning Victory 8 1

2 Units Major Victory 7 2

3 or more Units Minor Victory 6 3

DEPLOYMENT WINNING THE GAME

Each mission explains how both sides forces are deployed.
Units can be held in Reserve, held in Ambush, or placed on
the table.
PLACING UNITS IN COMMAND
You must place all of a Units Teams so that they are In
Command (page 18).
ATTACHMENTS
A Transport or Infantry Unit Attachment deploys at the same
time, but separately from its core Unit. They may be placed
together or separately. The Passengers may be Mounted or
Dismounted.
LEFT OUT OF BATTLE
At the start of the game you may elect to leave Units that you
do not think will contribute, but do not want to lose, out of
the battle. A Unit that is left out of battle takes no part in the
game and is ignored for all purposes.
NO LEAVING THE TABLE
Once a Unit is placed on the table or arrives from Reserve, it
cannot move off the table.
START IN FOXHOLES AND GONE TO GROUND
All Infantry and Gun Teams start the game in Foxholes,
giving them Concealment and Bulletproof Cover.
All Teams start the game Gone to Ground.
WHO HAS THE FIRST TURN
The Attacker has the first turn, except in Meeting
Engagements where both players roll a die after setting up,
with the higher rolling player having the first turn.
The goal in most missions is to take or hold Objectives. If
a player has no Formations (other than Allied Formations)
in Good Spirits (page 61), although they may have Support
Units left, their force flees the battlefield and the enemy wins.
In missions with Objectives, this leaves all of the Objectives
in the hands of the enemy.
VICTORY POINTS
Refer to the Winning the Game section of the mission
briefing to figure out who won. To determine the extent of
the victory, count the number of Units from the Winner's
Force that were Destroyed, including HQ Units, but not
Independent Teams. Count core Units and their Attachments
separately, so if both are Destroyed, this counts as two Units.
Look up the number of Units from the Winner's Force that
were Destroyed on the Victory Points Table to see how many
Victory Points each side gains.
THERE ARE NO DRAWS
Both players lose a game that runs out oftimethere is no
such thing as a draw in Flames Of War. If neither player won,
both players look up the number of Surviving Units the
enemy force has as though their opponent was the winner
and use the Losers Points column to determine their own
Victory Points.
MORE WAYS TO PLAY
Be sure to visit the website: www.FlamesOfWar.com for
loads more exciting ways to play Flames Of War.
The website has downloads giving you expanded mis-
sions, scenarios and campaigns, and much, much more.
Youll also find information on organising your own
escalation campaigns, leagues, tournaments, and other
forms of organised play, along with download packs to
get you started.
On top of this, theres loads of information on the units,
battles, and history of the period!

93
 Objectives are markers to indicate the importance of this
point to the combatants. They are a standard large base MODELLING OBJECTIVES
(2/63mm wide by 2/50mm deep), either marked with a While you can use a spare large base as an objective
symbol representing your or your opponents army or with a marker, it is a lot more fun to do a little modelling and
small diorama modelled on it. stick a broken-down tank or stack of supplies on the base
Objectives are not Terrain, regardless of what is modelled and create a mini diorama.
on the base, and do not hinder movement or provide
Concealment or Bulletproof Cover, nor do they block
Line of Sight.

PLACING OBJECTIVES
You must place an Objective where it will sit flat (or relatively
flat) on the table or a piece of terrain where it is accessible to
the enemy. You may not lean it up against a hedge or a cliff
for instance, nor place it in the middle of an Impassable lake.

HOLDING OBJECTIVES
You are Holding an Objective if you have a Tank, Infantry, or
Gun Team within 4/10cm of the Objective, and the enemy
has no Tank, Infantry, or Gun Teams within 4/10cm of the
Objective, at the start of your turn after any Last Stand tests.
Objectives cannot be Held by Tank Teams that are Bailed
Out, Transports, or Independent Teams. Nor can these
teams prevent the enemy from Holding an Objective.
Teams that Moved at Dash speed cannot take an Objective
nor prevent the enemy from taking it.

Teams Hold an Objective if they are within 4/10cm at the start of their
turn, provided that there are no enemy teams within 4/10cm of it. Teams can't Hold
an Objective if they
moved at Dash speed
in their previous turn.

Objective

4/10cm

Bailed Out Tanks

cannot Hold or
contest Objectives.
Teams can Hold or
contest an Objective
while Pinned Down.

94
Each mission has a selection of special rules that set the
scene and tell you how to run the mission. Mission special
rules include:
Ambush
Meeting Engagements
Reserves
Strategic Withdrawal
AMBUSH
In missions with the Ambush special rule, the ambushing
player holds one or more Units (as specified in the mission)
in Ambush when they deploy. Units held in Ambush are
treated as being on the table, but their location isnt specified
until they reveal themselves. They are held off the table at the
start of the game.
ALREADY THERE
Ambushing Teams do not have to move. They can remain
where they are placed and shoot at their Halted ROF.
Infantry and Gun Units are in Foxholes when they are placed
on the table from Ambush.
PLACING AMBUSHES
In real life, the minor details of the terrain and small pieces
of intelligence on the enemys activities give you clues as to
where they will attack, making it far easier to select the ideal
place for an ambush than it is in a game. To reflect this,
the ambushing player does not need to decide where their
ambush will take place until it is revealed.
At the start of your turn, in the Starting Step, you may place
any or all Units that you have been holding in Ambush. You
must place an entire Unit at a time, and the Unit must be
placed with all of its Teams In Command (page 18).
You may place a Team from Ambush anywhere in your
Deployment Area (ignoring any extensions created by the
Spearhead rule), provided that it is:
at least 16/40cm from any enemy Tank, Infantry, or
Gun Team within Line of Sight, unless Concealed by
Terrain from it, and
at least 4/10cm from all enemy Tank, Infantry, or
Gun Teams.
ATTACHMENTS AND AMBUSHES
When you hold a Unit in Ambush, you may also hold its
Transport or Infantry Attachment in Ambush as well, or
Deploy them as normal. If you do hold both a Unit and
its Attachment in Ambush together, the Infantry must be
Mounted in their Transports when they are placed from
Ambush.

Teams must be revealed more than 16/40cm from

the enemy, or more than 4/10cm from the enemy
if Concealed by Terrain or out of Line of Sight.
Being stationary Conceals Infantry Teams, but they
Teams can Ambush are still not Concealed by Terrain, so still must be
if they are more 16/40cm
16"/40cm from the enemy.
than 4/10cm away
and Concealed
by Terrain.

Teams can
never Ambush
within 4/10cm
of the enemy.
4/10cm
Teams can Ambush out of sight
behind Terrain and more than
4"/10cm away, then move closer.

95
 MEETING ENGAGEMENTS
In a Meeting Engagement (such as Annihilation, Free for
All, Encounter, and Dust Up), players do not place their
Ranged In markers as Preplanned Artillery Targets at the
start of the game.
In addition, the following rules apply in the first Shooting
Step of the player who has the first turn. They do not apply
in the second players turn, nor in subsequent turns.
The first players Aircraft cannot arrive in their first turn.
Treat all of the first players Teams as having moved
when Shooting in their first Shooting Step, whether they
actually moved or not.
The first players Teams cannot fire Artillery Bombard
ments in their first Shooting Step.
The first players Teams can still move or Go to Ground as
normal in their Movement Step, and launch assaults in the
Assault Step.
RESERVES
Some missions require you to hold part of your force in
Reserve. You may not deploy more than 60% of the agreed
points total for the game on the table. The remainder must
be held in Reserve.
The Reserves Table helps you calculate the proportion of
your force that you can deploy for a given Force size. You
may deploy less and hold more in Reserve if you wish.
RESERVES
FORCE SIZE ON TABLE
500 points 300 points
600 points 360 points
750 points 450 points
800 points 460 points
1000 points 600 points
1250 points 750 points
1500 points 900 points
1750 points 1050 points
2000 points 1200 points
2250 points 1350 points
2500 points 1500 points
2750 points 1650 points
3000 points 1800 points
A Unit (along with its Attachments) must be kept together.
Either the whole Unit is in Reserve, or the whole Unit is
deployed on table. Units that are bought as one choice, but
operate as separate Units, are either all placed in Reserve, or
all deployed on table.
When a Unit arrives from Reserves, it and its Attachments
move onto the table from the table edge specified in the mis-
sion. The entire Unit must be In Command at the end of its
Movement in the turn it arrives from Reserves. Attachments
96
and their core Unit must arrive from the same point,
although Passengers may be Mounted or Dismounted.
A Unit may not use Movement Orders until it has moved
on to the table.
IMMEDIATE RESERVES
At the start of your first turn roll a die. On a roll of 5+ your
first Unit arrives from the Reserve. It may be any Unit of
your choice, but must arrive now.
At the start of your second turn roll two dice. Each roll of
5+ results in another Unit arriving from your Reserves. So, if
youre lucky, you could have up to two Units arriving from
Reserve during your second turn.
Keep rolling at the start of each of your following turns
adding one more die than the previous turn, so at the start
of turn three you roll three dice, at the start of turn four you
roll four dice, and so on. Each roll of 5+ brings another Unit
on from your Reserves.
If you rolled three or more dice to get Reserves in a turn, but
failed to score any rolls of 5+, you automatically receive one
Unit from Reserve anyway.
DELAYED RESERVES
If the mission has Delayed Reserves, use the same rules as
Immediate Reserves, except that you do not start rolling for
your Reserves until turn three, and then get one die. This
increases by one die per turn as normal, so that on turn four
you roll two dice, on turn five you roll three dice, and so on.
DEEP RESERVES
In a mission with Deep Reserves, you may only place
either one Tank Unit with front armour of 3 or more, or
one Aircraft Unit on the table at the start of the game. All
remaining Units of these types must be held in Reserve.
FLANKING RESERVES
In a mission with Flanking Reserves, you may have a smaller
force in Reserve than usual. You must hold at least one Unit
in Reserve, but may hold more in Reserve if you wish. These
Reserves will arrive on the enemy flank.
SCATTERED RESERVES
When each Unit arrives from Scattered Reserve, the owning
player rolls a die to determine which table edge or corner it
will arrive from using the mission map as reference.
If a Unit arrives from Scattered Reserves on a table edge, it
may enter the table anywhere along that table edge. If the
Unit arrives from Reserves on a corner, it must enter the
table within 16/40cm of the corner.
STRATEGIC WITHDRAWAL
The Defender starts the game with no Delay Counters.
At the start of each turn from turn two onwards, after check-
ing Victory Conditions, the Defender counts the number of
Units (not counting their Attachments and any Independent
Teams) and Delay Counters that they have on table.
If the total is six or more, they must Withdraw one Unit
(other than an Independent Team) and its Attachments
and remove all Delay Counters.
If they have less than six Units and Delay Counters com-
bined, they gain a Delay Counter, but do not Withdraw
any Units.
WITHDRAWING UNITS
When the Defender is required to Withdraw a Unit, all of
the teams of that Unit (and its Attachments) are removed
from the table. If a Withdrawing Unit is not in Good Spirits,
it will be treated as being Destroyed when working out
Victory Points.

These missions are the core missions for Flames Of War. As You can also use these missions to design scenarios recreating
a new player you should experiment with these missions historical battles. Pick a mission that suits the story you want
before moving on to more challenging ones. to tell and tweak it to match.

12/30cm

Total war means total victory or total annihilation.

SPECIAL RULES

Defender places their units here

Attacker places their units here
Meeting Engagement (Both players)
SETTING UP
The Attacker picks a long table edge to attack from. The
Defender defends from the opposite table edge.
DEPLOYMENT
Both players, starting with the Attacker, take turns
placing Units within 12/30cm of their own table edge
until all of their Units are deployed.
WINNING THE GAME
A player wins if their opponent has no Formations left 12/30cm
on the table.

12/30cm
8/20cm

The breakthrough was successful and the situation is

fluid. Find and destroy the enemy. 8/20cm 8/20cm

SPECIAL RULES
Defender places two objectives in this area

Attacker places two objectives in this area

Meeting Engagement (Both players)

SETTING UP
Defender places their units here
Attacker places their units here

The Attacker picks a long table edge to attack from. The

Defender defends from the opposite table edge.
Both players, starting with the Attacker, place two
Objectives within 8/20cm of the opponents table
edge, at least 8/20cm from the side table edges.

DEPLOYMENT
Both players, starting with the Attacker, then take turns
placing Units within 12/30cm of their own table edge
until all of their Units are deployed.
WINNING THE GAME
A player wins if they start their turn Holding one of
8/20cm
the Objectives that they placed on the opponents side
of the table.

97
 Attacker places
their units here 8/20cm
The fighting is confused with the enemy in all direc-

Defenders Reserves arrive from Here

tions. Coordinate an attack with your scattered forces.
SPECIAL RULES
Meeting Engagement (Both players) Both players
place an
Delayed Reserves (Both players) Objective in this
area
SETTING UP
The Attacker picks a table quarter to attack from. The
Defender defends from the opposite quarter.
Both players, starting with the Attacker, place one 8/20cm
Objective in their own quarter, then both players,
again starting with the Attacker, place one Objective 12/
30cm
in their opponents quarter. Objectives must be at least
8/20cm from all table edges and at least 12/30cm

12
from the table centre.

/30
8/20cm

cm
Attackers Reserves arrive from Here
DEPLOYMENT
Both players place the required part of their force in
Delayed Reserve. These Units will arrive from the long
table edge adjacent to the players quarter. Both players
Both players, starting with the Attacker, then take place an
turns at placing Units in their own quarters, at least Objective in this
12/30cm from the table centre until all of their area

remaining Units are deployed.

WINNING THE GAME Defender places
A player wins if they start their turn Holding one of the 8/20cm their
Objectives in the opponents quarter. units here

8/20cm
12/30cm
Your forces have been scattered in heavy fighting.
Gather your forces and defeat the enemy.
SPECIAL RULES 8/20cm

Meeting Engagement (Both players)

Scattered Delayed Reserves (Both players)
Attacker rolls to see where their Reserves Arrive

Defender rolls to see where their Reserves Arrive

SETTING UP
Defender places two objectives in this area

Attacker places two objectives in this area

The Attacker picks a long table edge to attack from.

Defender places their units here
Attacker places their units here

The Defender defends from the opposite table edge.

Both players, starting with the Attacker, place two
Objectives within 8/20cm of the opponents table
edge, at least 8/20cm from the side table edges.
DEPLOYMENT
Both players place the required part of their force
in Scattered Delayed Reserve. The players will dice
to see where each Unit moves on from as it arrives
from reserve.
Both players, starting with the Attacker, then take
turns Units within 12/30cm of their own table edge
until all of their remaining Units are deployed.
WINNING THE GAME
A player wins if they start their turn Holding one of 8/20cm
the Objectives that they placed on the opponents side
of the table.
12/30cm
8/20cm

98
 Defender places their
8/20cm
units here
You have broken through the enemy defences. Beat them
to the objective to seal your victory. 8/20cm
Attacker places
SPECIAL RULES
their units here Defender places
Ambush (Defender) an Objective in
Immediate Reserves (Defender) this area

SETTING UP
The Defender picks a table quarter to defend. The Attacker
picks an adjacent table quarter to attack from.
The Defender places one Objective in their table quarter.
The Attacker places one Objective in the quarter diagonally 8/20cm 0c
m
opposite to their own. Objectives must be at least 8/20cm /3
1 2
from all table edges and at least 12/30cm from the centre.

12
DEPLOYMENT

/30
8/20cm
The Defender places the required part of their force in

cm
Immediate Reserve and may hold one of their remaining
Units in Ambush. They then place their remaining Units
in their quarter at least 12/30cm from the table centre.
Reserves arrive within 16/40cm of the opposite corner.
Attacker places
The Attacker places all of their Units in their table
an Objective in
quarter at least 8/20cm from both centrelines. 16/40cm
this area

WINNING THE GAME

The game cannot be won before the sixth turn. The
Defenders Reserves
Attacker wins if they start their turn Holding an arrive from this corner
Objective. The Defender wins if they start their turn 8/20cm
with no Attacking Tank or Infantry Teams within 16/40cm
16/40cm of an Objective.

12/30cm 16/40cm

The enemy is weak, but getting stronger. You must

attack now, throwing in troops as they arrive.
12/30cm
SPECIAL RULES
Ambush (Defender)
Immediate Reserves (Attacker)
(Defenders Objective must be 8/20cm from the table edge.)

Scattered Delayed Reserves (Defender)

SETTING UP Defender rolls to see where their Reserves Arrive
Defender places an objective in this area
Attackers Reserves arrive from Here

Attacker places two objectives in this area

The Defender picks a long table edge to defend. The

Defender places their units here
Attacker places their units here

Defender places one objective and

Attacker attacks from the opposite table edge.

The Defender places an Objective within 8/20cm of
the Attackers edge and an Objective at least 8/20cm
from their own edge. The Attacker then places two
Objectives within 12/30cm of the Defenders edge.
Objectives must be at least 8/20cm from the side edges.
DEPLOYMENT
The Defender places the required part of their force in
Scattered Delayed Reserve and may hold one Unit in
Ambush. They then place their remaining Units within
16/40cm of their table edge.
The Attacker removes one of the Objectives that
they placed, places the required part of their force in
Immediate Reserve, then places their remaining Units in 8/20cm
their table quarter within 12/30cm of their table edge.
WINNING THE GAME 8/20cm 8/20cm
A player wins if they start their turn Holding one of the
Objectives on the opponents side of the table.

99
 These missions are a little more complex than the basic mis- different reserves rules, and strategic withdrawalwhere the
sions in the previous section, adding new twists and chal- defender slowly removes parts of their force as they thin out
lenges for you to overcome. With the addition of minefields, the rearguard, there is lots to try out.

You have the enemy on the run. Dont let them get away. 8/20cm

SPECIAL RULES
Ambush (Defender) 16/40cm
Strategic Withdrawal (Defender)
SETTING UP
The Defender picks a long table edge to defend. The

Attacker places two objectives in this area

Attacker attacks from the opposite table edge.

Defender places their units here

Attacker places their units here
The Attacker places two Objectives within 16/40cm of
the Defenders edge and at least 16/40cm from the sides.
The Defender places one Minefield outside the oppo-
nents deployment area for each 750 points in their force.
DEPLOYMENT
The Defender may hold a Unit in Ambush and places
their remaining Units in their table half.
The Attacker places all of their Units within 8/20cm of
their table edge.
STRATEGIC WITHDRAWAL
The Defender will remove Units from their force as the
game progresses using the Strategic Withdrawal rule
(page 97).
WINNING THE GAME
16/40cm
The Attacker wins if they start their turn Holding one of
the Objectives. The Defender wins at the start of their
ninth turn after checking Formation Morale.

100
 16/40cm

Defenders
You have outflanked the enemy. Seize the objectives Reserves arrive
before they can redeploy to protect them. from either corner

Attacker 8/20cm
SPECIAL RULES places their
Ambush (Defender) 16/40cm
units here
Immediate Reserves (Defender)
Flanking Delayed Reserves (Attacker)
SETTING UP Defender places their
The Defender picks two diagonally opposite table quarters units in either quarter
to defend. The Attacker picks a quarter to attack from.
The Attacker places two Objectives in the remaining 8/20cm
table quarter at least 8/20cm from all table edges.
DEPLOYMENT
The Defender places the required part of their force in
Immediate Reserve and may hold one Unit in Ambush.
Defender places their
Reserves arrive within 16/40cm of either of their table 8/20cm
units in either quarter
corners. They then place their remaining Units in their Attacker places
table quarters, divided as they wish. two objectives in
The Attacker places at least one Unit in Delayed Reserve. this area
These will arrive within 16/40cm of the Objective table
corner. They then place the remaining Units in their 16/40cm 16/40cm
table quarter at least 8/20cm from both centrelines.
Defenders
WINNING THE GAME Reserves arrive Attacker's Reserves
The game cannot be won before the sixth turn. The from either corner arrive from this corner
Attacker wins if they start their turn Holding an Objective. 8/20cm
The Defender wins if they start their turn with no Attacking 16/40cm 16/40cm
Tank or Infantry Units within 16/40cm of an Objective.

The enemy are on the defensive, smash them before

their reserves can arrive and save them.
Attacker places their units here
SPECIAL RULES
Ambush (Defender)
Deep Immediate Reserves (Defender)
SETTING UP
The Defender picks a short table edge to defend from.
The Attacker attacks from the opposite edge.
16/40cm
Both players, starting with the Defender, place one
Objective in the Defenders table half, at least 8/20cm
from table centre line and all table edges.
The Defender places one Minefield outside the oppo-
nents deployment area for each 750 points in their force. 8/20cm Defender places their units here
DEPLOYMENT
The Defender places the required part of their force in
Deep Immediate Reserve and may hold one Unit in
Ambush. Reserves arrive from their short table edge.
The Defender places their Units in their table half. 8/20cm Both players place an 8/20cm
The Attacker places all of their Units in their table half Objective in this area
at least 16/40cm from the table centre line.
WINNING THE GAME
The Attacker wins if they start their turn Holding an
Objective. The Defender wins if they start their turn on
or after the sixth turn with no Attacking Tank or Infantry 8/20cm

Units in their half.

101
 8/20cm

The enemy has forced a bridgehead across a river with

light troops. Cut them off and destroy them.
SPECIAL RULES 28/70cm
Ambush (Defender)
Deep Scattered Immediate Reserves (Defender) 8/20cm

Defender rolls to see where their Reserves Arrive

SETTING UP
The Defender picks a long table edge to defend from.
The Attacker attacks from the opposite edge.

Attacker places their units here

8/20cm 8/20cm
The Attacker places two Objectives at least 8/20cm

objectives in this area

Attacker places two
from the centre line, at least 8/20cm from long table
edge, and at least 28/70cm from the short table edges.
The Defender places one Minefield outside the oppo-
nents deployment area for each 750 points in their force.

Defender places
their units here
DEPLOYMENT 16/40cm
The Defender places the required part of their force in
Deep Scattered Immediate Reserve and may hold one
Unit in Ambush. They place their remaining Units in
their half at least 20/50cm from the side edges.
The Attacker places their Units at least 16/40cm from
the centre line or within 8/20cm of the side edge.
WINNING THE GAME 20/50cm
The Attacker wins if they start their turn Holding an
Objective. The Defender wins if they start their turn
on or after the sixth turn with no Attacking Tank or 8/20cm
Infantry Units within 16/40cm of an Objective.

102
ABLE
Anti-aircraft . . . . . . . . 27, 66
AA MGs . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Self-defence Anti-aircraft66
Heavy Anti-aircraft . . . 66
Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 44
Aircraft Saves . . . . . . . . 39
Flying Tank . . . . . . . . . . 66
Meeting Engagements . 96
Safety Distance . . . . . . . 32
Shooting At . . . . 27, 31, 66
Spotting for Aircraft . . 45
Aircraft Saves . . . . . . . . . . 39
Air Observation Post . . . . 50
Allied Support . . . . . . . . . . 8
Ambush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Anti-tank Rating . 26, 36, 37
Area Defences . . . . . . . . . . 83
Armoured Tanks . . . . . . . . . 6
Armour Saves . . . . . . . . . . .
36-37, 48, 57
Bailed Out . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Flame-throwers . . . . . . 42
Passengers . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Remount . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Sneaking up on Tanks . 56
Annihilation Mission . . . 97
Armoured Trains . . . . 62-64
Armour Saves . 36-37, 48, 57
Artillery . . . . . . . . 6-7, 45-51
Aiming Point . . . . . . . . 46
Bombardment Firepower
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Bombardment Anti-tank
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Bulletproof Cover . . . . 48
Danger Close . . . . . . . . 46
Meeting Engagements . 96
Pre-planned . . . . . . . . . 49
Range In . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Repeat Bombardments 49
Roll to Hit . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Rocket Launchers . . . . 50
Rotate to Face . . . . . . . . 47
Smoke Bombardments 51
Spotting Team . . . . . 45-47
Templates . . . . . . . . 46, 50
Assault Bridges . . . . . . 80, 82
Assault Rating . . . . . . . . . . 57
Assaults . . . . . . . . . 16, 52-59
Break Off . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Charge into Contact53, 58
Consolidating . . . . . . . . 59
Counterattack . . . . . 57-58
Defensive Fire . . . . . 55-56
Fall Back . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Gun Teams . . . . . . . . . . 52
Heavy Weapon . . . . . . . 52
Is Assault Over . . . . . . . 57
Roll Saves . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Roll to Hit . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Shooting Before . . . . . . 52
Small Infantry Teams . 57
Sneaking Up on Tanks 56
Tank Flame-throwers . 42
Transport Teams . . 52, 59
Unarmoured Tank
Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . 52, 59
Attachments 7, 60, 93, 95-97
Awkward Layout . . . . . . . 66
AVRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
BAKER
Bailed Out . . . . . . . 23, 37, 38,
57, 60, 67
Blitz Move . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Bogs and Marshes . . . . . . 21
Bombardments .see Artillery
Booby Traps . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Break Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Breakthrough Mission . 101
Breakthrough Gun . . . . . 66
British Special Rules . . . . 72
Bagpipes . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
British Bulldog . . . . . . . 72
Duckbills . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Eight-gun and Twelve-
gun Batteries . . . . . . . . . 72
HMG Bombardments . 72
Mike Target . . . . . . . . . . 72
Night Attack . . . . . . . . . 72
Tip and Run . . . . . . . . . 72
Tow Hooks . . . . . . . . . . 72
Tally Ho! . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Semi-indirect Fire . . . . 72
Bunker Buster . . . . . . . . . . 66
Bunkers . . . . . . . . . . . . 76, 83
Buildings . . . . . . . . 12-15, 21,
29, 31, 39
Concealment . . . . . . . . . 31
Line of Sight . . . . . . . . . 29
Bulldozers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Bulletproof Cover . . . 39, 48
CHARLIE
Can Fire Over
Friendly Teams . . . . . . . 66
Cavalry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Charge into Contact . . . . 53
Combat Attachments . . . . 7
Commander . . . 8, 34, 38, 40,
53, 60, 61
Formation Last Stand . 61
Assaulting . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Commanders Always
Stand and Fight . . . . . . 60
Commanders Leadership
. . . . . . . . . . . . 38, 41, 58, 60
Killing Commanders . . 40
Leading from the Front 52
Switching to Another
Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Unit Last Stand . . . . . . . 60
Commanders Leadership
. . . . . . . . . . . . 38, 41, 58, 60
Concealment . 30, 31, 42, 51
Score to Hit . . . . . . . . . . 33
Consolidating . . . . . . . . . . 59
Counterattack Mission . . 99
Counterattack in
assault . . . . . . . . . . . . 57, 58
Cross Check . . . . . . . . 18, 20,
21, 25, 77
Cross Here . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
DOG
Danger Close . . . . . . . . . . 46
Dash Speed 17, 18, 21, 33, 52
Dawn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Deep Reserves . . . . . . . . . 96
Defensive Fire . . . . . . . . . . 55
Delayed Reserves . . . . . . . 96
Demolition Carriers . . . . 80
Deployment . . . . . . . . 83, 93
Fortifications . . . . . . . . . 83
In Command . . . . . . . . 93
Detroits Finest . . . . . . . . . 69
Die Rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Re-rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Difficult Going . . . . . . 20, 54
Difficult Terrain . . . . . . . . 12
Dig In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
At Deployment . . . . . . . 93
Dismounting
Machine-guns . . . . . . . . 69
Dismounting Transports 23
Draws, Victory Points . . . 93
Duckbills . . . . . . . . . . . 69, 72
Dust Up Mission . . . . . . . 98
EASY
Encounter Mission . . . . . 98
Entrenchments . . . . . . . . . 75
Equipment Special Rules 65
Amphibious . . . . . . . . . 65
Bulldozer . . . . . . . . . 65, 80
Duckbills . . . . . . . . . 69, 72
Gun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Gun Shield . . . . . . . . . . 65
Heavy Weapon . . . . . . . 65
Improvised Tank
Assault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Large Gun . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Schrzen . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Man-packed Gun . . . . . 65
Mine Rollers and Flails 65
Mine Clearing Devices 65
Portee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Protected Ammo . . . . . 65
Tank Assault # . . . . . . . 57
Tow Hooks . . . . . . . . . . 72
Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . 22, 65
Unarmoured . . . . . . . . . 65
FOX
Falling Back . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Firepower . 26, 37, 39, 49, 57
Flame-throwers . . . . . . . . 42
Flat Terrain . . . . . . 14, 21, 30
Flying Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Follow Me . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Formation Last Stand . . . 61
Formations . . . . 8, 61, 86-89
Commander . . . . 8, 60, 61
Formation Diagrams 8, 87
HQ Unit . . . . . . . . 8, 60, 61
Multiple Formations
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 86-87
Fortifications . . . . . . . . 75-83
AVRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Booby Traps . . . . . . . . . 79
Bunkers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Demolition Carriers . . 80
Deploying
Fortifications . . . . . . . . . 83
Engineering Equipment80
Entrenchments . . . . . . . 75
Obstacles . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Minefields . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Fortified Platoons . . . . . 83
103
 Foxholes . . . 24, 30, 39, 48, 93 Start Dug In . . . . . . . . . 93 Night Fighting Delayed . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
At Deployment . . . . . . . 93 Infantry Units . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 47, 90-91 Immediate . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Free for All Mission . . . . . 97 In Good Spirits . . . . . . . 60 Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Scattered . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Full ROF When Moving . 66 Intelligence Bombardments . . . . . . . 90 ROF (Rate of Fire) . . . 26, 33
Handbooks . 3, 8, 9, 86-89 Moving at Night . . . . . . 90 Anti-aircraft . . . . . . . . . 66
GEORGE Night Visibility Table . . 90 ROF 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Gaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 29 JIG Ranging In . . . . . . . . . . . 47 ROF 1 Weapons . . . . . . . . 67
German Special Rules . . . 71 Joint Assault . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Score to Hit . . . . . . . . . . 33
Begleit Escorts . . . . . . . 71 Roll to Hit . . . . . . . 33, 48, 57
Shooting . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Mounted Assault . . . . . 71 KING Rotate to Face . . . . . . . 32, 47
Night Visibility Table . . . . 90
Schrzen . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Komissar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 SUGAR
No HE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Stormtroopers . . . . . . . 71 LOVE Safety Distance . . . . . . . . . 46
Number of Passengers . . . 22
Stuka zu Fuss . . . . . . . . 71 Leaving the Table . . . . . . . 93 Saves . . . . . . 36-39, 48, 57
Tiger Ace . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Left Out of Battle . . . . . . . 93 OBOE Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Gone to Ground . . 17, 24, 33 Line of Sight . . . . . 28-29, 49 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Armour Saves
At Deployment . . . . . . . 93 Observer Team . . 6, 7, 45, 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . 36-37, 48, 57
Good Spirits, In . . . . . 60, 61 MIKE One-man Turret . . . . . . . . 67 Assaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Gun Teams . 6, 27, 39, 48, 65 Machine-guns (MG) . 26, 27 Out of Command . . . 19, 33 Infantry . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Gun Saves . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Main Weapons . . . . . . 26, 67 Overloaded . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Tank . . . . . . . . . 36-37, 39
None in Assaults . . . . . 57 Man-packed Gun Teams . 6, Unarmoured Tank . . . . 39
Breakthrough Gun . . . . 66 Measuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
PETER
Scattered Reserves . . . . . . 96
Passengers . . . . . . . . . . 22-23
Repeat Bombardments 49 Meeting Engagements . . . 96 Score to Hit . . . . . . . . . 33, 48
Assaults . . . . . . . 57, 71, 74
Gun Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Minefields . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Ambushes . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Scout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
In Good Spirits . . . . . . . 60 Clearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Self-defence Anti-aircraft 66
Missions . . . . . . . . . . . 92-102 Deployment . . . . . . . . . 93
Reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Shoot and Scoot . . . . . . . . 24
HOW Mistaken Target . . . . . . . . 35 Shooting . . . . . . . . . . . 26-43
Halted ROF . . . 26, 33, 53, 55 Mixed-Rating Units . . . . . 10 Shooting at . . . . . . . . . . 23
Armour Saves . . . . . 36-37
Hasty Attack Mission . . . 99 Motorcycle Passenger-fired Weapons 67
Bailed Out . . . . . . . . 16, 38
Heavy Anti-aircraft . . . . . 66 Reconnaissance . . . . . . 68 Picking your Force . . . . . . 86 Before Assaulting . . . . . 52
Heavy Weapon Mountaineers . . . . . . . . . . 68 Pinned Down . 41, 49, 56, 59 Bulletproof Cover . . . . 39
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 39, 52, 65 Mounting Transports . . . 23 Assaults . . . . . . . . . . 56, 59
Check Line of Sight 28-29
Hills . . . . . . . . 13, 21, 29, 31 Movement . . . . . . . . . . 17-25 Points . . . . . . . . . . . . 86, 96
Check Range . . . . . . . . . 28
Concealment . . . . . . 30-31 Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Pre-planned Artillery . . . 49 Commanders . . . . . 34, 40
Line of Sight . . . . . . 28-29 Cross Check . . . . . . 20, 21 Protected Ammo . . . . . . . 65 Concealment . . . . . . 30-31
Hits Top Armour . . . . . . . 42, Cross Here . . . . . . . . . . . 25
48, 57, 66 QUEEN Dash Speed,
Cross Number . . . . . . . 18 no shooting . . . . . . . . . . 33
Horse Artillery . . . . . . . . . 68 Dash Speed . . . . . . . . . . 18 ROGER Declare Targets . . . . . . . 32
HQ Units . . . . . . . 7, 8, 60, 61 Difficult Going . . . . 20, 21 Rally from Pinned Defensive Fire . . . . . . . . 55
Hull Mounted and In Command . . 18, 24-25 Down . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 41 Mistaken Target . . . . . . 35
Gun Teams . . . . . . . . . . 66 Minefields . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Random Missions . . . . . . 92 Night . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 90
ITEM Mobility Rating . . . . . . 18 Range . . . . . . . . . 28, 33, 36 Out of Command . . . . 33
Immediate Reserves . . . . 96 Moving Through Teams19 Range In . . . . . . . . 47, 49, 51 Passengers . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Improvised Armoured . . 66 Night . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Rate of Fire (ROF) . . . 26, 33 Pinned Down . . . . . 16, 41
In Command . 18, 24-25, 93 Obstacles . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Range . . . . . . . . . 28, 33, 36
Orders . . . . . . . . . . . 24-25 Mixed-Rating Units . . . 10 Roll Saves . . . . . . . . . 36-39
Independent Teams &
Units . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 35, 68 Out of Command . . . . 19 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Roll to Hit . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Infantry Saves . . . . . . . . . . 39 Tactical Speed . . . . . 17, 18 Skill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Rotate to Face . . . . . . . . 32
None in Assaults . . . . . 67 Terrain Chart . . . . . . . . 21 Recoilless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Score to Hit . . . . . . . . . . 33
Breakthrough Gun . . . . 66 Through Gaps . . . . . . . . 19 Reconnaissance . . . . . . . . 68 Smoke . . . . . 33, 42, 51, 67
Repeat Bombardments 49 Through Terrain . . . . . . 20 Recce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Short Terrain . . . . . 14, 21, 30
Infantry Teams . 6, 27, 39, 49 Mobility Rating . . . . . . . . 18 Remount Bailed Out . 16, 38 Side Armour . . . . . . . . 36, 57
Concealed In Flat Moving ROF . . . . . 26, 33, 96 Repeating Bombardments49 Smoke 16, 31, 33, 42, 51, 67
Terrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Multiple Formations . . 8, 86 Replacing Unit Leaders . . 40 Score to Hit . . . . . . . . . . 33
Pinned Down . . . . . 41, 49 Multiple Weapons . . . . . . 67 Re-rolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Smoke
Saves . . . . . . . . . 39, 48, 57 Reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 96 Bombardment . . . . 51, 67
Sneaking Up on Tanks 56 NAN Deep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

104
Sneaking Up on Tanks . . 56
Snipers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Soviet Special Rules . . 73-74
Battalion Komissar . . . 73
Cat Killers . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Infiltration . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Hen and Chicks . . . . . . 74
Komissar . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Roll up the Guns . . . . . 73
Shtraf Companies . . . . 73
Steel Wall . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Tankodesantniki . . . . . 74
Volley Fire . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Special Abilities . . . . . . . . 68
Begleit Escorts . . . . . . . 71
British Bulldog . . . . . . . 72
Cat Killer . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Cavalry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Eight-gun and Twelve-
gun Batteries . . . . . . . . . 72
Independent . . . . . . . . . 68
Infiltration . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Jumbos Lead the Way . 69
Komissar . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Observer . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Hen and Chicks . . . . . . 74
Horse Artillery . . . . . . . 68
HMG Bombardments . 72
Mike Target . . . . . . . . . . 72
Motorcycle
Reconnaissance . . . . . . 68
Mountaineers . . . . . . . . 68
Mounted Assault . . . . . 71
Night Attack . . . . . . . . . 72
Tank Destroyers . . . . . . 69
Tankodesantniki . . . . . 74
Time on Target . . . . . . . 69
The Truscott Trot . . . . . 70
Reconnaissance . . . . . . 68
Recce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Scout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Seek, Strike, and
Destroy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Semi-indirect Fire . . . . 72
Spearhead . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Shtraf Companies . . . . 73
Steel Wall . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Stormtroopers . . . . . . . 71
Tally Ho! . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Tank Destroyers . . . . . . 69
Tiger Ace . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Time on Target . . . . . . . 69
Tip and Run . . . . . . . . . 72
Under Command . . . . . 70
Volley Fire . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Spearhead Units . . . . . . . . 68
Spotting Team 45, 47, 49, 50
Stabiliser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Stuka zu Fuss . . . . . . . . . . 71
Support Units . . 8, 61, 87, 88
TARE
Tactical Speed . . . . . . . 17, 18
Through Terrain . . . . . . 20
Tall Terrain . . . 14, 21, 29, 31
Tank Flame-throwers . . . 42
Tank Teams 6, 19, 20, 23, 26,
27, 36-39, 42, 48, 57
Armoured . . . . . . 6, 36-38,
42, 48, 57
Cannot Assault Tanks . 52
Falling Back . . . . . . . . . . 56
In Good Spirits . . . . . . . 60
Saves 36-37, 39, 42, 48, 57
Sneaking Up on . . . . . . 56
Transport Teams 22-23, 52
Unarmoured . 6, 39, 42, 57
Tank Team Saves . 36-37, 39,
42, 48, 57
Tank Units . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 60
Deep Reserves . . . . . . . 96
Templates . . . . . . . . . . 46, 50
Terrain . . . . . . . . . . 12-15, 21
Assaulting across . . . . . 54
Cross Check . . . 20, 21, 54
Cross Here . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Difficult Going . . . . 20, 25
Flat Terrain . . . . 14, 21, 30
Impassable . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Movement through . . . 20
Short Terrain . . . 14, 21, 30
Tall Terrain . 14, 21, 29, 31
Terrain Chart . . . . . . . . 21
Time of Day . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Darkness . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Dawn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Daylight . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Dusk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
The Moon . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Too Close for Error . . . . . 35
Top Armour . . . . . 26, 42, 48,
57, 78, 79
Transports . . . . . . . 22-23, 52
Attachments . 7, 60, 93, 96
Dismounting . . . . . . . . . 23
Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Transport Teams . . 6, 22-23
Assaults . . . . . . . . . . 52, 57
Transport Units . . . 7, 23, 60
Deployment . . . . . . . . . 93
Reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Turntable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Turret-rear MG . . . . . . . . 67
Turreted Tank . . . . . . . . . . 36
UNCLE
Unarmoured Saves
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 42, 57
Unarmoured Tanks
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 39, 49
No Charge
into Contact . . . . . . . . . 52
Pinned Down . . 41, 42, 49
No Saves in Assaults . . 57
Unit Leader . . . . . . . . . . 7, 40
Replacing . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Unit Last Stand . . . . . . . . . 60
Commanders
Leadership . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 60
Attachments . . . . 7, 60, 93,
95-97
HQ Units . . . . . . . 7, 34, 60
Independent Units . . . . . 7,
34, 68, 89
Support Units 8, 61, 86-89
Under Command . . . . . . 70
Unreliable . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
US Special Rules . . . . . 69-70
Automatic Rifles . . . . . . 69
Detroits Finest . . . . . . . 69
Dismounting
Machine-guns . . . . . . . . 69
Duckbills . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Hedgerow Cutters . . . . 69
Jumbos Lead the Way . 69
Mounting HMGs
and LMGs . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Seek, Strike, and
Destroy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Smooth Ride . . . . . . . . . 69
Stabiliser . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Tank Destroyers . . . . . . 69
Time on Target . . . . . . . 69
The Truscott Trot . . . . . 70
Under Command . . . . . 70
VICTOR
Victory Points . . . . . . . . . . 93
Vineyards . . . . . . . . . . 14, 21
Volley Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 X-RAY
WILLIAM
Weapon Special Rules 66-67
AA MG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ZEBRA
Anti-aircraft . . . . 27, 39, 66
Artillery . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Automatic Rifles . . . . . . 69
Awkward Layout . . . . . 66
Breakthrough Gun . . . . 66
Bunker Buster . . . . . . . . 66
Can Fire Over
Friendly Teams . . . . . . . 66
Detroits Finest . . . . . . . 69
Dismounting
Machine-guns . . . . . . . . 69
Flying Tank . . . . . . . . . . 66
Full ROF
When Moving . . . . . . . 66
Heavy Anti-aircraft . . . 66
Hits Top Armour . . . . . 66
HMG Carrier . . . . . . . . 66
Hull Mounted and
Gun Teams . . . . . . . . . . 66
Improvised Armoured 66
No HE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Minimum
Range 8/20cm . . . . . . . 67
Multiple Weapons . . . . 67
Mounting HMGs
and LMGs . . . . . . . . . . . 69
One-man Turret . . . . . . 67
Overloaded . . . . . . . . . . 67
Passenger-fired
Weapons . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Recoilless . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
ROF 1 Weapons . . . . . . 67
Self-defence Anti-
aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Smoke . . . . . 33, 42, 51, 67
Smoke
Bombardment . . . . 51, 67
Smooth Ride . . . . . . . . . 69
Stabiliser . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Stuka zu Fuss . . . . . . . . 71
Turntable . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Turret-rear MG . . . . . . 67
Unreliable . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Wide-tracks . . . . . . . . . . 67
When Things Get Tricky . 5
Which Can Fire . . . . . . . . 27
Weapons Characteristics 26
Wide-tracks . . . . . . . . . . . 67
WYSIWYG
(What You See Is What
You Get) . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 15
YORKE
105
 STARTING STEP (P. 16)
1 Remount Bailed Out Tanks
2 Rally Pinned Down Units
3 Check Unit Last Stand
4 Check Formation Last Stand
5 Check Victory Conditions
6 Reveal Ambushes
STARTING
BAILED OUT TANKS (P. 38) CHECK UNIT LAST STAND (P. 60)
May not Move, Shoot, or Assault. Check unless:
Score Motivation number to Remount. No Teams Bailed Out or Destroyed, or
3+ Infantry Teams remain, or
Fearless 3+ 2+ Tank Teams (not Bailed Out), or
Confident 4+ 2+ Gun Teams remain
Reluctant 5+
Score Motivation number or Destroyed.
PINNED DOWN UNITS (P. 41) Fearless 3+

7 Roll for Reserves Confident 4+

8 Roll for Aircraft
9 Remove Friendly Smoke Markers
Cannot Move closer to enemy in Line of
Sight, cannot Shoot if they Move, and
Shoot with their Moving ROF.
Score Motivation number to Rally.
Fearless 3+
Confident 4+
Reluctant 5+
Reluctant 5+
CHECK FORMATION LAST STAND (P. 61)
In Good Spirits if have at least two Units
In Good Spirits (see Unit Last Stand).
If not In Good Spirits the Formation is
automatically Destroyed.
ROLL FOR AIRCRAFT (P. 44)
On a score of 4+, a Unit of Aircraft arrives
until the end of the turn.

STAYING IN COMMAND (P. 18)
In Command if end movement:
within 6/15cm of Unit Leader.
within 8/20cm of Unit Leader if Unit
with eight or more Teams.
OUT OF COMMAND (P. 18)
If not In Command, must:
remain in place,
move at Tactical with +1 penalty on
score to hit, or
Dash towards Unit Leader.
DASH SPEED (P. 17)
Cannot Shoot or Assault.
MOVING THROUGH TERRAIN (P. 20)
Move at Tactical and Shoot or Assault,
or Move at Terrain Dash.
DIFFICULT TERRAIN (P. 20)
MOVEMENT
PASSENGERS (P. 23) FOLLOW ME! AFTER MOVING
Dismount at the start or Mount at the Move Unit Leader forward 4/10cm,
end of movement. then Score Motivation number to Move
Transports can Move at Dash speed after Teams forward 4/10cm.
Passengers mount. Teams within 6/15cm and Line of Sight
of Unit Leader cannot Shoot.
MOVEMENT ORDERS (P. 24)
Unit Leader can issue one Order per turn SHOOT AND SCOOT ASSAULT STEP
to Teams within 6/15cm. Score Skill number to Move Teams that
did not Move, up to 4/10cm.
BLITZ MOVE BEFORE MOVING
Score Skill number to Move Teams up DIG IN MOVEMENT STEP
to 4/10cm. Can only move at Tactical
Score Skill number to dig Foxholes.
speed this turn. If do not Move further,
Teams then shoot with Moving ROF and
Shoot with Halted ROF.
cannot fire Bombardments.
Otherwise, Teams from the Unit cannot
Dash and suffer the +1 to hit penalty for SKILL MOTIVATION
Moving Out of Command. Veteran 3+ Fearless 3+
Trained 4+ Confident 4+
CROSS HERE WHILE MOVING Conscript 5+ Reluctant 5+

Teams Crossing Difficult Terrain within

Score Cross number or stop moving but 6/15cm reduce Cross number by 1.
still count as moving in Shooting Step.

MOBILITY AND MOVEMENT (P. 18)

CROSS-COUNTRY
MOBILITY RATING TACTICAL TERRAIN DASH DASH ROAD DASH CROSS
FULLY-TRACKED TANK TEAMS
Standard Tank 10/25cm 12/30cm 18/45cm 20/50cm 3+
Light Tank 12/30cm 16/40cm 28/70cm 32/80cm 3+
Fast Tank 12/30cm 16/40cm 24/60cm 28/70cm 3+
Slow Tank 8/20cm 12/30cm 14/35cm 15/40cm 3+
Very Slow Tank 6/15cm 8/20cm 8/20cm 8/20cm 3+
OTHER TANKS TEAMS
Jeep, Motorcycle 12/30cm 12/30cm 18/45cm 40/100cm 4+
Half-tracked 10/25cm 10/25cm 18/40cm 32/80cm 4+
Wheeled 8/20cm 8/20cm 14/35cm 32/80cm 5+
Slow Wheeled 8/20cm 8/20cm 10/25cm 24/60cm 5+
Wagon 6/15cm 6/15cm 6/15cm 8/20cm 5+
GUNS TEAMS
Light Gun 4/10cm 4/10cm 6/15cm 8/20cm 3+
Medium Gun 2/5cm 4/10cm 6/15cm 8/20cm 5+
Heavy Gun 2/5cm 2/5cm 4/10cm 6/15cm 5+
Immobile Gun - 2/5cm 4/10cm 4/10cm 6
INFANTRY TEAMS
Infantry 8/20cm 8/20cm 12/30cm 12/30cm Auto
Cavalry 6/15cm 10/25cm 20/50cm 20/50cm 2+
Man-packed Gun 8/20cm 8/20cm 12/30cm 12/30cm Auto

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 SHOOTING STEP (P. 26)
1 Check Range
2 Check Line of Sight
3 Check for Concealment
4 Declare Targets
5 Rotate to Face
6 Roll to Hit
7 Assign Hits
8 Roll Saves
WHICH WEAPONS CAN FIRE (P. 27)
A Tank or Aircraft Team may either fire:
all of its Machine-guns, or
one other weapon.
An Infantry or Gun Team may fire one
weapon.
SHOOTING AT AIRCRAFT (P. 27)
Only Anti-aircraft, AA MGs, Self-defence
Anti-aircraft, and Heavy Anti-aircraft
weapons can shoot at Aircraft.
Can shoot immediately before Aircraft
SHOOTING
shoots in enemy Shooting Step. If they
shoot at Aircraft in enemy Shooting
Step, they cannot Defensive Fire, Shoot
next Shooting Step, or Assault next
Assault Step.
Aircraft are Hit On 5+.
ANTI-AIRCRAFT ROF (P. 66)
Anti-aircraft weapons shoot at full ROF.
AA MGs, Self-defence Anti-aircraft, and
Heavy Anti-aircraft weapons shoot at
ROF 1, with +1 to hit if already ROF 1.
LINE OF SIGHT (P. 28-29)
Tall terrain blocks Line of Sight after
2/5cm unless Range is 6/15cm or less.
Buildings and Hills block Line of Sight.
Nothing blocks Line of Sight for Aircraft.
AIRCRAFT SHOOTING (P. 44)
MGs, Cannons, and Rockets have a
range of 8/20cm. Bombs of a range of
6/15cm.
Rockets and Bombs shoot as Artillery.
Aircraft are Veteran Skill rating.
Aircraft MGs have a Rate of Fire 3.
Aircraft Cannons have a Rate of Fire 2.
Battlefront Miniatures Ltd. 2017
CONCEALMENT (P. 30-31)
Concealed if entirely behind or in Tall or
Short terrain, or at least half hidden by
Buildings or Hills.
Stationary Infantry are Concealed.
Gun Teams in Foxholes are Concealed.
Aircraft are only affected by terrain
within 4/10cm of ground troops.
GONE TO GROUND (P. 33)
Teams that dont Move, Shoot, or
Assault are Gone to Ground.
RATE OF FIRE (P. 33)
Roll one die per point of ROF. Halted
ROF if did not Move and not Pinned
Down, otherwise Moving ROF.
SCORE TO HIT (P. 33)
Target Teams Is Hit On number:
Veteran 4+
Trained 3+
Conscript 2+
Add +1 to score needed if:
Range is over 16/40cm
Concealed (but not Gone to Ground)
Shooter moved Out of Command
Shooting through Smoke
Shooting at Night
Add +2 to score needed if:
Concealed and Gone to Ground
7+ OR MORE TO HIT (P. 34)
If need 7+, must roll 6 followed by 5+
If need 8+, must roll 6 followed by 6
SMOKE (P. 42)
Shooting places 2/5cm Smoke ball.
must score Firepower to Destroy.
ASSIGN HITS (P. 34)
First hit must be assigned to target.
Remaining hits assigned evenly to:
Valid targets
Part of same Unit as target Team
Same type as target Team
Within 6/15cm of target Team
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MISTAKEN TARGET (P. 35)
On 3+ target player can swap all swap-
pable hits between two Teams. If they
succeed, they can roll again to swap hits
between another pair. Tanks must be
more than 8/20cm and Infantry or Guns
more than 4/10cm away to swap.
ARMOURED TANK TEAMS (P. 36)
Front if in front of line across front of hull and
turret. Side if behind both lines.
Roll if front and side both visible:
1 to 3hit hull
4 to 6hit turret
ROLL ARMOUR SAVES (P. 36)
Target player rolls and adds:
Armour rating
+1 if range is over 16/40cm
Outcome:
If less than Anti-tank, roll Firepower to
Destroy tank, otherwise Bail Out.
If equal to Anti-tank, roll Firepower
Test to Bail Out tank.
Otherwise, no effect.
OTHER SAVES (P. 39)
Infantry, Heavy Weapons, and Cavalry
Save on 3+
Unarmoured Tank Teams Save on 5+
Unarmoured Tank Teams with Gun
Shield Save on 4+
Recce Unarmoured Tank Teams Save
on 4+
Aircraft Save on 3+
Score Save and unharmed, otherwise
Destroyed. If Infantry or Gun in
Bulletproof Cover, or Aircraft, shooter
DESTROYED UNIT LEADERS (P. 40)
Appoint another Team from the Unit
within 6/15cm as the Unit Leader.
PINNED DOWN (P. 41)
Pinned Down if take a total of 5 hits. If at
least 12 Teams, only Pinned Down if
take a total of 8 hits.
Armoured Tank Teams and Aircraft
cannot be Pinned Down.
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 ROLL TO RANGE IN (P. 47)
Three attempts to Range In on Skill.
Veteran 3+
Trained 4+
Conscript 5+
Add +1 to score needed if:
Template would cover Short or Tall
Terrain or Smoke Screen
Ranging In at Night
SMOKE BOMBARDMENTS (P. 51)
Bombardment places Smoke Screen
ARTILLERY
4/10cm long for each weapon firing.
Bombardment must be fired at the
beginning of Shooting Step.
Smoke Screens block Line of Sight
unless Range is 6/15cm or less.
ROCKET LAUNCHERS COUNT AS (P. 50)
WEAPONS TEMPLATE
2 Double-wide
4 Devastating
ASSAULT STEP (P. 52)
1 Charge into Contact
2 Opponents Defensive Fire
3 Roll to Hit
4 Roll Saves
5 Check if Assault is Over
6 Test to Counterattack
7 Counterattack or Break Off
CHARGE INTO CONTACT (P. 53)
ASSAULT
Assaulting Teams move up to 4/10cm
into Contact with the enemy. Infantry
Teams can move into Contact with an
Infantry Team that is in Contact.
ASSAULTING ACROSS TERRAIN (P. 54)
Score Cross number to cross Difficult
Terrain, otherwise fall back 2/5cm.
Battlefront Miniatures Ltd. 2017
ROLL TO HIT (P. 48) ARTILLERY BOMBARDMENT ARSENAL
Roll to hit all Teams under Template. ARSENAL ADJUSTED
Base score is target Teams Is Hit On ANTI-TANK ANTI-TANK
number, 6 3
Veteran 4+ 5 3
Trained 3+ 4 3
Conscript 2+ 3 2
modified by the following: 2 1
1 0
Add +1 to score needed if:
Ranged in on Second Attempt ARSENAL ADJUSTED
Repeat Bombardment where Spotting FIREPOWER FIREPOWER
Team cant see Aiming Point. 1+ 1+
2+ 2+
Add +2 to score needed if:
Ranged In on Third Attempt. 3+ 3+
4+ 3+
NUMBER OF WEAPONS FIRING (P. 48) 5+ 4+
NUMBER MODIFIER 6 4+
1 or 2 Re-roll Hits
PINNED DOWN (P. 49)
5 or more Re-roll Misses
Infantry, Gun, and Unarmoured Tank
Units are Pinned Down by 1 hit.
ROLL SAVES (P. 48)
Roll saves as for Shooting, except
vehicles use Top armour, and no
Bulletproof Cover behind terrain.
If Repeat Bombardment Re-roll Infantry
and Gun Saves.
OPPONENTS DEFENSIVE FIRE (P. 55) ROLL SAVES (P. 57)
Defending Teams within 8/20cm of No saves for Infantry, Guns, or Unarmoured.
Assaulting Teams fire at Halted ROF Choose to hit Side armour with Anti-tank
(Moving ROF if Pinned Down). rating, or Top armour with Anti-tank 2
Tanks cannot Defensive Fire if Contacted or Tank Assault # and Firepower 1+.
by Infantry that did not Move or Shoot
and were Concealed. CHECK IF ASSAULT IS OVER (P. 57)
Assaulter wins if Defenders within 4/10cm
Defensive Fire hits Side armour.
are Bailed Out.
FALL BACK FROM DEFENSIVE FIRE (P. 56) Move victorious Unit up to 4/10cm.
Fall Back and Pinned Down if take a total
of 5 hits. If at least 12 Teams, only Fall TEST TO COUNTERATTACK (P. 57)
Back and Pinned Down if take 8 hits. Score Motivation number to
Tanks with Top armour 1 or 2 only Fall Counterattack,
Back if 2+ are Bailed Out or Destroyed. Fearless 3+
Fall Back 2/5cm from Defenders. Confident 4+
Reluctant 5+
ROLL TO HIT (P. 57) otherwise Break Off.
All assaulting teams in Contact must
score Skill number to hit. COUNTERATTACK (P. 58)
Veteran 3+ Defenders become Assaulters Charge
Trained 4+ into Contact. No Defensive Fire.
Conscript 5+ OR BREAK OFF (P. 59)
Defenders retire 6/15cm or Destroyed.
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