...

:
.

: .. 12017

2013

1

................................................................................................................................... 4
1 ....................................................................... 6
1.1 - ...................................................................................................... 6
1.2 - 450-399 .. .............................................................................. 8
1.3 - .................................................................................................. 9
2 - - .................................................................... 10
2.1 - Thomas Aquinas ......................................................................................................... 10
2.2 - Thomas Hobbes........................................................................................................... 11
2.3 - Cesare Bonesana Marchese de Beccaria ..................................................................... 11
2.4 - Guerry Quetelet ........................................................................................................ 12
3 ..................................................................................... 19
3.1 - Cesare Lombroso ........................................................................................................ 19
3.2 - Charles Goring ............................................................................................................ 22
3.3 - William Sheldon ......................................................................................................... 23
3.4 - .......................................................................... 24
3.5 - ....................................................................................................... 25
3.6 - ....................................................................................................................... 26
3.7 - ........................................................................................ 28
3.8 - ...................................................................................... 29
3.9 - ................................. 31
4 .................................................................................. 35
4.1 - I.Q. .............................................................................................................................. 35
4.2 - I.Q. .............................................................................................................. 39
4.3 ....................................................................................................... 43
4.4 .......................................................................................................... 44
4.5 - ...................................................... 46
4.6 - .............................................. 47
4.7 - .............................................................................................. 48
5 ................................................................................. 50
5.1 - ........................................................................................................... 50
5.2 - ....................................................................................................... 51
5.3 - .................................................................................... 52
5.4 - ............................................................................................. 53

2
 5.5 - ......................................................................................................... 55
5.6 - .............................................................. 55
5.7 - ....................................................................................................................... 57
5.8 - ........................................................................................... 57
5.9 - .......................................................................... 59
5.10 - ....................................................................................................................... 60
5.11 - Chicago ............................................................................ 62
6 ............................................................................................... 64
6.1 - ............................................................................................. 64
6.2 - .................................................................................................. 65
........................................................................................................................... 67

3


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 Theoretical Criminology George Bryan Vold, Thomas J. Bernard
Jeffrey B. Snipes.
.

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Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)

.
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.
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2001, . 179)

,
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10
2.2 - Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1678)
() .

, .

.
. Hobbes
,
.


. .
.

-
-, .
Hobbes,
.

2.3 - Cesare Bonesana Marchese de Beccaria

Cesare Bonesana Marchese de Beccaria 11
1738, . 1774 Beccaria ,
dei delitti e delle pene, .

.
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, ,
.

2.4 - Guerry Quetelet

Beccaria, Andre
Michel Guerry (1802-1866) Adolphe Quetelet (1769-1874)
,

.

3
: www.law.uoa.gr/crime-research/beccaria.pdf

12
 Guerry
.
1829, 1833
Essai sur la statistique morale de la France.

Guerry ,


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. '
, .

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. , 75%

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, . 1823, 27 ,

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14
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, Guerry
Quetelet
.

18
 3

3.1 - Cesare Lombroso

Guerry Quetelet, Cesare
Lombroso (1835-1909) ,

. O Lombroso, ,

(atavistic)
.

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,


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. ,
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1828),
.
John Caspar Spurzheim (1766-1832),
,
.

Lobroso
,
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-
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, 390 90 .
L'uomo delinquente (
) 1876.

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21
3.2 - Charles Goring
Charles Goring,
Lobroso,
.
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.


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3.3 - William Sheldon

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33
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34
 4

4.1 - I.Q.
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(
1894, )

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Simon, .
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Simon".
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35
10 .

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100. IQ.
, 9, IQ 100,
IQ 100,
IQ 100.
Binet 1911.
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.
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.
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Simon , , ,
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H. H. Goddard New Jersey
Vineland. Lewis M. Terman Stanford University
,

36
 Binet - Simon
Stanford.
Binet 1908 54

3 , .
Stanford 90 ,
.
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,
. IQ 75 120
IQ 75 85
. Terman, , "
85 ".

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IQ
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16)
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.
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IQ
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.
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. , Goddard
.

37
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New Jersey
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Goddard 143
, 36 , 33 , 24 , 3
, 3 8 .
, 496
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.

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80% .

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1%
.

38
. Goddard
, t .
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.

.
2
.
.
,
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4.2 - I.Q.

, IQ
.
, 15
.
IQ
.
.
,
IQ
" ".
IQ ,
" "
. ,
,

.
1967
William Shockley
. Shockley

39
 IQ


' .
IQ ,
,
.
,
IQ - -
.
1969 Arthur Jensen
Shockley. IQ

80% '
.
' .
.
Jensen Gordon

. Gorden Jensen
IQ

. IQ


(
) IQ
', .
IQ ,

, IQ
. ,
IQ.

40
 ,

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IQ '
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,
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(status).
' IQ:


.

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IQ
Traris Hirchi Micheal Hindelang,
. IQ


IQ
, ,
IQ

. IQ

. IQ
(

41
Goring Goddard),
Lobroso.

. 20

"" .
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- , , 30 -


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.
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42
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44
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,

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.
'.

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45
 Waldo Dinitz 94
1950 1965 80%
.
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.
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(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual), 4 (American
Psychiatric Association)
(Antisocial personality Disorder)

.

4
www.psych.org

46

:

1. .

2. ,
.

3. .

4. .

5.
.

6. .

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:

-

,
- ,

47
 -

-
, , , , ,
.

.
,
.

4.7 -
,
(, , )
.

(
Sigmund Freud),
,
.

, ,
(libido)
.
Alfred Adler, Sigmund Freud



.

48
 , ,
,

, .

49
 5

5.1 -
Robert Merton

, ,

.

,
. , (
, , , , ..)
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,
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,

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.

50

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Cullen
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,
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53
. ,
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Becker,



,
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.

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,
.

Katz
, , ..
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,
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(, ,
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,


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( )
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54
 , , ,
, .

5.5 -
Jackson Toby (stakes in
conformity)
,
,
. , Toby

,
.

F. Ivan Nye


, ,

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5.6 -

18 Quetelet Guerry (. . 2.4),
,
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55
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56
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57
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58
 ,
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Sutherland
,

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Sutherland,
,

.


.

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,
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59
5.10 -
(anomie theory) Robert K.
Merton 1938
,
.

. . Durkeim

.
, Durkeim

, - .
-
-
. ,

.
(, 1987, . 180-183).

R. Merton

()
. ,
:

) - (conformity): To
, .
(, 1987, . 129).
.

) (innovation):
() .

(white collar crime).

60
) - (ritualism): T

.
() , ,
.

) (retreatism):

.
.

.

) - (rebellion):

, - -
.
. (, 1987, . 129).

,
.

. (, 1987, . 180).

Merton :

61


. (,
1989, . 137).

,

.5

5.11 - Chicago
Clifford Shaw Henry Mackay
.
,

,
.

Shaw Mackay 1925

, (high deliquency areas). To

, ,
, .

(, 1989,
. 116).

5
http://www.countess.gr/parakmi/ROYSSO.html 27/02/2013 02:51
..

62



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(.. ), ,

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. (, 1989, . 116-117).6

6
http://www.countess.gr/parakmi/ROYSSO.html 27/02/2013 03:12 ..

63
 6

6.1 -
, Marx
,
.

, Marx

,

. Marx
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.



.

Marx,


.

William Bonger
. Bonger
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64


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66

Cartledge, P. (2011) . :
.
Stone, I.F. (1988) The trial of Socrates. Toronto: Little, Brown and Company
Vold, G. B. (2002) Theoretical criminology. New York: Oxford University
Press
, . (1989) . : .
, . . (1987) . :
.
O -
" " "
- ". http://www.countess.gr/parakmi/ROYSSO.html
27/02/2013 03:12 ..
www.law.uoa.gr/crime-research/beccaria.pdf
www.psych.org
http://www.sgt.gr/gr/programme/event/688

67