ART. 219.

DEFINITIONS
(o) STRIKE means any temporary stoppage of work by the concerted action of employees
as a result of an industrial or labor dispute
LABOR DISPUTE: includes any controversy or matter concerning terms or
conditions of employment or the association or representation of persons in
negotiating, fixing, maintaining, changing or arranging the terms and conditions of
employment regardless of whether the disputants stand in the proximate relation of
employer and employee.
Fr. Bernas: peaceful concerted activities includes everything short of strike
ART. 278: workers shall have the right to engage in concerted activities for
purposes of collective bargaining or for their mutual benefit and protection
CONCERTED: an activity planned and accomplished by people acting together; BUT,
some have opined that an individual acting alone may be deemed to be engaged in a
concerted activity; JURISPURDENTIALLY DEFINED, CONCERTED ACTIVITY, IS ONE
UNDERTAKEN BY TWO OR MORE EMPLOYEES, OR BY ONE ON BEHALF OF OTHERS
(crucial element: the subject matter of the activity must have some relation to group
action in the interest of the employees or of labor
The laborers (OF A LEGITIMATE LABOR ORGANIZATION) basically make use of their most
crucial weapon against employers: LABOR; in a strike, workers display a CONCERTED
REFUSAL TO WORK (means of coercion or persuasion)
PURPOSE: to enforce the workers demands
VALID GROUNDS FOR A STRIKE: collective bargaining deadlock; ULP
DO 40-03, as amended by DO 40A-03: A strike or lockout may be declared in cases of
bargaining deadlocks and unfair labor practices. Violations of collective bargaining
agreements, except flagrant and/or malicious refusal to comply with its economic
provisions