EXPERIMENT WORKSHEET

DETERMINING H OF REACTION THROUGH EXPERIMENT

1. Goals
1. Determining the calorimeter constant
2. Determining the change of enthalpy reaction through experiment
2. Introduction
Calorimeter is a device used to measure the amount of heat given or taken in a certain process. A
simple calorimeter consists of insulated vessel, stirrer and thermometer. Consider the following
picture.

The pressure in the calorimeter is relatively fixed, then change the

system of heat equal to the enthalpy change. It is expressed by the
following equation.

H = q

Because the calorimeter vessel wrapped by using an insulating

material, it is considered that there is no heat is absorbed and
released by the system from and to the environment, so that the
heating system is equal to zero.

qreaction + qcalorimeter + qsolution = 0

qreaction = - (qcalorimeter + qsolution)

Figure 1. A Calorimeter
In this case, the amount of heat calorimeter can be determined using the following equation.

qcalorimeter = CK T

Where : CK = the heat capacity of the calorimeter (J/ 0C or J/K)

All of chemical reaction entangle energy. In generally, the energy that accompanying
chemical reaction in form of heat energy. Thermochemistry represent a branch of
chemistry that studying the change of heat accompanying a chemical reaction. In
each chemical reaction will happened two possibility process transfer of heat among
system and surroundings. Transfer of heat from system to surroundings referred as
exothermic reaction, while the transfer of heat from surroundings to system referred
as endothermic reaction. The exchange of heat from system to surroundings or from
surroundings to system so that the system temperature after reaction is equal to
system temperature before reaction defined as heat reaction.

3. Chemicals and Apparatuses

a. Apparatuses :
- Calorimeter 1 pcs - thermometer 1 pcs - stirring rod 1 pcs

1
 - beaker glass 100 mL - spatula 1 pcs - Volumetric flask 25
mL 2 pcs
- pipettes 2 pcs - stopwatch/ timer
b. Chemicals : Aquades, sodium hidroxide (NaOH) solution (1M), hydrocloric acid
solution (HCl 1 M).
4. Prosedur
a. Determining the value of calorimeter constant
(1) Set the calorimeter as seen as picture 1!
(2) Measure the water as much as 25 mL. pour it into the calorimeter, stir, and record the
temperature (T1) in the calorimeter every 30 seconds until 4 minutes. Record the results
in Table 1.
(3) At the minute of fourth, pour 25 mL of warm water, T2 (minimum temperature of the
water is 35 C and the maximum temperature is 45oC) into the calorimeter.
(4) Record the temperature of the water in the calorimeter every 30 seconds to 8 minutes or
until it reaches a constant temperature.

b. Determining the change of entalphy reaction

(1) Measure the initial temperature of HCl and NaOH solution. If the solution is a different
temperature, measure the mean temperature both of them.
(2) Pour 25 mL NaOH 1M into the calorimeter.
(3) Pour 25 mL HCl 1 M into the calorimeter.
(4) Stir the solution in the calorimeter, resulting a reaction between HCl and NaOH solution.
(5) Observe and record the changes in temperature until it reach constant value. Record it.

5. Result of Experiment
a. Determining the value of calorimeter constant
T1 = . 0C
T2 = . 0C

Time (minutes) Temperature (0C) Time (minutes) Temperature

(0C)
0 .... 4.5 ....
0.5 .... 5 ....
1 .... 5.5 ....
1.5 .... 6 ....
2 .... 6.5 ....
2.5 .... 7 ....
3 .... 7.5 ....
3.5 .... 8 ....
4
(in addition of hot ....
water)

2
 b. Determining the change of entalphy reaction
Object Result
NaOH 1 M solution Mass =....gram
Mole = ....
Tinitial = .... 0C
HCl 1 M solution Mass =....gram
Mole = ....
Tinitial = .... 0C
Average of initial temperature .... 0C
After mixing NaOH + HCl
Time (minutes ) Temperature (0C)
0.5 ....
1 ....
1.5 ....
2 ....
2.5 ....
3 ....
3.5 ....
4 ....
4.5 ....
.... ....
.... ....
.... ....
.... ....
.... ....
(until constant) ....
Final temperature (Tfinal) ....
The change of temperature (T) = ....
Tfinal-Tinitial

6. Problems
a. Why in determination of the calorimeter constant, the heat absorbed by cold water is not the
same as those given off by the hot water?
Answer : .............................................................................................................
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b. Calculate the change in entalphy per mole of substances used in this experiment.
(consider that the solution mass is = 50 gram, the solution density = 1 g/mL, the
specific heat of the solution = 4,2 J/g0C )
Answer : ........................................................................................................................
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