Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1994 11 1
1994257
198930
GB50057
94 GBJ
5783
198930
( 277 100740)
1994 3
1.0.1 ()
1.0.2
1.0.3
1.0.4
2.0.1
2.0.2
0 10
2.0.3
2 11
0.06 /a
0.3 /a
2.0.4
0.012 /a 0.06 /a
0.06 /a 0.3 /a
0.06 /a
\
21 22 23
15d/a 15m
15d/a 20m
3.1.1
2.0.3
3.1.2
3.2.1
()
5m 6m4m
3.2.1 5m
()
( 3.2.1) 3m
1.
(3.2.1-1)
(3.2.1-2)
2.
(3.2.1-3)
--- (m)
--- (m)
---()()
---(m)
( 3.2.1)
3m
1.:
(3.2.1-4)
2.:
(3.2.1-5)
---()(m)
---()(m)
---(m )
3m
(3.2.1-6)
(3.2.1-7)
---(m)
---
10
3.2.2
1824m
1824m
100mm
30m 100mm
0.03
5
10
3.2.1
3.2.3
15m
(3.2.3)
(m)
---(m)
10
100m
25m 20
3.2.4
5m5m 6m4m
12m
3.2.1
12m
10
1. 500m
5m , 5m
.
(3.2.4-1)
---(m)
---(m )
(3.2.4-2)
---(m)
2. 500m 3000m
(3.2.4-3)
(3.2.4-4)
30m
1. 30m 6m
2.30m
3.2.5
5m
3.3.1 ()
10m10m 12m8m
3.3.2
3.261
1 11 2
3.261
1.
2.
3.3.3
18m
18m
3.3.4 10
2m
--(m)
-- 1
0.44( 3.3.4)
3.3.5
2.0.3
4%
10mm
10mm
0.5m
---(m )
3.3.5
3.3.6 3000m
: ,;
, 2 ;
3.2.4 1
3000m
3.3.5
A
80m
3.3.5 6m 6m
1.
2.
3. 0.5m
0.82m
3.3.7 260.3
3.2.2
3.3.8
(3.3.8-1)
(3.3.8-2)
---(m)
---()
---(m)
(3.3.8-3)
---(m)
---(m)
1/2
Yyno
Dyn11
3.3.9
2.0.3
260.3
1.
(3.2.3) 15m
10
2. 30d/a
(1) 23mm
5
(2)
10 20
2.0.3
1.
15m 1
2.
30
10 2.0.3
25m 10
3.3.10 45m
3.3.5
45m
3.3.11 4mm
30m
30 363.6
3.3.2
3.4.1 ()
()
20m20m 24m16m
20m
3.4.2 30 2.0.4
10
2m
3.4.3
3.3.5
0.5m
(m )
3.4.3
: ,;
, 2 ;
3.4.4 3000m
3.4.5 3.3.2
3.4.6
0.5m
3.4.3
40m 40m
3.4.8
3.3.8 (3.3.81)=..(3.3.83)
(3.4.8-1)
(3.4.8-2)
(3.4.8-3)
3.4.9
30
30
3.5.1
30%
30%
30%
30%
3.5.2
50% 3.5.1
3.5.3 2
3.5.4
3.5.5
0.06
100m
3.5.6 ()
4.1.1
1m 12mm
20mm
12m 16mm
25mm
20mm
40mm
4.1.2 8mm
48mm 4mm
, 12mm 100mm ,
4mm
4.1.3 35mm
4.1.4
100mm
0.5mm
4mm 5mm
7mm
0.5mm 1mm
4.1.5 3.3.2
4.1.1 4.1.2
2.5m
4mm
363.5 3.4.3
4.1.6
4.1.7
4.2.1 8mm
48mm 4mm
12mm
100mm,FML=25-31-1> 4mm
4.1.6
3.3.5 3.4.3
4.2.2
10mm 80mm
4.2.3
0.3m
4.3.1
10mm 100mm
4mm 4mm 3.5mm
4.3.2 2.5m
5m
4.3.3 0.5m
4.3.4
4.4.5 3m 3m
1m
5080mm
5080mm
2m
4.3.6
4.3.7
5.1.1
5.2.1 5.2.1
(
)()
1.
( 1.1)
--- (/a)
--- 1
1.7
1.5
---[/(km .a)];
---(km )
2.
( 1.2)
---(d/a)
3.
(1) H 100m (
1.1)
( 1.3)
( 1.4)
--- (m)
---(m)
1.1
(2) H 100m H
(3)
1. 1/10 ( 2.1(a)2.1(b))
3. 1/2 ( 2.1(d))
4. 2.1(c) 2.1(d)
1.
( 3.1)
---
()
--- 3.1
---()
2.
( 3.2)
---(m)
3.
(1)
( A 1)
(2) l
A
4. 20m
A 1 20m
1.( 4.1)
(1) h
AB
AB
xx'
( 4.1)
( 4.2)
---- xx'(m)
---(m)
---(m)
(2) h
(1)
2. h
D D
( 4.2)
(1) AEBC
(2) CE b0
( 4.3)
AOB x
( 4.4)
O'
AB
xx' AB
AEBC - EC
4.2
3. h1 h2 D
D
( 4.3)
1AEBC
2CE HO'
( 4.5)
( 4.6)
AOB AB
( 4.7)
--- CE HO'
HO' O'
AB
(5) xx'
4.
( 4.4)
(1)
( 4.8)
( 4.9)
( 4.10)
(5) yy'
P
4.4
5.
( 4.5)
120m 2m
120150m 3m
(1)
(2) AB
(3) AB
(4)
( 4.11)
(5) xx'
( 4.12)
--- xx'(m)
---(m)
---(m)
(6)
6.
(1) D
D ( 4.6)
AB
O O AB
( 4.13)
( 4.6 1-1 )
E
x
( 4.14)
--- ( 4.3)
(2) D
( 4.7)
AB O CE
O AB
CE AB
( 4.15)
( 4.16)
( 4.7 1-1 )
F X
( 4.16)
7.
( 4.8)
(1) AB O
(2) O AB AB
1.,:
2.,:
3.,:
......
......
GB 50057-94
198930
GB 50057-94 1994 4 18
1994257
( 277 100740)
1994 4
1.0.1
100%
2.0.1
()
2.0.3
2.0.2
2.1
1 Q1 Q2 1
2.0.3
2.0.2
R (
) .
(N)
(P) t=1 NPt<1 ()
(2.1)
(2.2)
---
( Ei
---
1-Pi1-Ei
---
---
N
(2.3)
1.
2.
3. (1-
).
2.2 (1- )
(1- )
(2.2)
(2.4)
(2.5)
2.12.42.5
R =10 ,?/P>
(2.6)
---
(2.7)
IEC-TC81 2.2
( 2.0.4 )
2.3
2.2 0.8 2.3
(2.7):
N0.06
10 N>0.06 ()10 , N0.06
(2.7):
N0.3
10 N>0.3 ()10 , N>0.3
2.0.4
=0 2.3,
(2.7),:
=0, ,
(2.7):
60m 13m()
2.4( 2.1)
(2.1)(1.1)K 1
3.1.1
220/380V
220/380V
()
1990 IEC1024-11990 ( IEC1024-1)
IEC
()
3.1.2 IEC1024-1
3.
3.1
3.1.1
3.1.2
a) ()
b) 20m 20m
( 2.2.3 )
c) ( 3.2)
b) c)
3.1.3
3.1.5
3.1.2
TN PE PEN
3.3
3.2.1
Pa kPa
3.2.1
(3.1)
(3.2)
---(kV)
--- (kV)
---()
---(kA/s)
---(kA)
---(H/m) 1.5H/m
---(kV/m) 500kV/m
---(kV/m)
IEC-TC81 3.1
3.2
: 300225150As
IEC-TC81 :?/P>
3.1 T1=10s :
3.2 T1=0.25s :
3.1 (3.2):
,
Sal0.4Ri+0.04hx
(3.3)
(3.2.1-1)
3.2 (3.2)
(3.4)
(3.2.1-2)
87 (1983
Lightning 2 R.H.Golde 1977 ) 200100kV/m
600kV/m 500kV/m 3.1
I=200kA
(3.5)
(3.2.1-3)
(3.6)
---
---(kV)
---(kV)
---(Hm)
---(H/m)
35mm 20m =1.93H/m
3.1 (3.6)
(3.7)
(3.2.1-4)
3.2 (3.6):
(3.8)
(3.2.1-5)
(3.7)(3.8):
(3.7)(3.8) 2
(3.2.1-6)(3.2.1-7)
3.1
10
10
3.2.2
100mm 30m
() 100mm
300mm 3m
U(kV)
(3.9)
---(m) 30m
---(kA/s) 3.2
200kA/s
---lm 300
(H/m), M=0.0191H/m;
---(kV/m),
3.2.1 , 3000kV/m
(3.9)
300mm 0.038m
100mm( M )
0.03 5
3.3
()
10
3.2.3 .
()
(m)
(m)
4.3.4
15m 1.5
10m1.5 15m
3.2.4 3.2.1
()
IEC1024-1
101525m
6m 6m 121825m
12m
IR ()
(
)
IEC1024-1 2.3.3.1 ( B )
3.2 2 B
() r
r 2( 3.2) r
() () = -r ()
() A r :r =A:
3.2 500m 5m 1
=5003000m
:
R r =500
3000m 3313
(m)A (m ):
30m( 5.2.1)
30m 1 6m
5m5m 6m4m
4m( 12m)
IEC1024-1 3.1.5 ( 3.1.2 )
IEC 6kV
20kA 1
20kV()
20kV 6kV
( )
3.2.5
2m
2m 5m
3.3.1 10m
10m IEC1024-1
10m10m 5.2.1 10m10m
12m8m 6m
3.3.2
3.2.1
( 5.2.1)
3.3.3 3.2.4
18m
3.3.5
IEC1024-1 2.1.4
(
) 2.2.5
2.3.6
2.5
()
(
1980 ) 86SD566
100200m
3.3 () 520
(3.10)
---(%)
=6%
=7.5%
20% 5%
6%
4% 3.5%
3.5% 3.3
4%
( 35m) 0.21.8/
0.284(
26m)
2000m
0.7
1963 7
1.()4.55.5
2.()35
3.()2
4.()7
5.()0.5
1984 4
3mm
6mm 3mm 4mm
33%
(
1%)( 5%10%)
(TGL3373/01/1981 2 )
1987
(
)
10mm
() 60 80
100
()
()
80100 80
40
IEC 364-5-54,:?/P>
(3.11)
---(mm )
---(J/.mm ),3.8x10
--- 0()202
--- 20(mm)13810
---()40
---()80
(3.11)
(3.12)
3.1 3.3.4
=0.66
: =1
(3.12)S=51.1mm
8.06mmS=51.7mm 8.11mm
1 S=77.38mm
9.93mm
( =0.66)( =1) 60
S=70.9mm 9.5mm,
S=71.78mm 9.56mm
10m
30( 0.8m
30 30) 99
1.32x10
J/.m ( 3.3.6 )
()
81012mm 12mm
100m =20m
20m
40m =1
3.4
10mm
48kA
61kA
3.3.6
R :
:
A 80m
1 2
3
1
()
30 99 5%
1
(3.13)
---(J/kg.K) 8.82x10
---(J/kg.K) 4.19x10
--- 30 99T69
(3.13)
( 1m)( 1
)
(3.14)
MJ/m 1m
1.32MJ/
3.3.4 (c) =0.44
=1.32MJ/m
=0.82m =0.37m
3.4
10 0.2m
=16 12 160.0384=0.6144m
,, 0.2+0.6144=0.8144=2.56m ??/P>
3.3.7
3.3.8
3.3.4 IEC1024-1 3 4 5
IEC
20m 18m 25m
IEC
25m IEC
25m IEC
(3.3.8-3)(3.3.8-2)
IEC1024-1 3.1.2
1/2 IEC1024-1 9
(elz)1986 107 1
( 1/2)
3.2.4
3.3.9
1 3.2.3
1 15m 50m
50m
3.2.3
25m
3.3.10
()
45m( 5.2.1)
45m
3.4.1 20m
3.4.3 3.3.5
3.4.4 3.3.6
4.1.4
0.5mm
()
3.4.9
70%
19561963 74 71.6%
19561957 224 120
40kV
IEC 6kV
1990 5
1 2 3 30
50
3.5.4 .
L=M,,
()
3.5.5
N 0.06 /a
=100m =100m 34kA
=100m
100m
3.5.6
4.1.1
4.1
4.1.2
4.1.4 IEC1024-1
4mm
(
, 30V)
(As)(As)
:
50100mm( 19637854mm )
(50%) 80As( 8As)
Fe0.045~0.179mmCu0.055~0.22mmAl0.122~0.489mm
4.1.6
4.1.7
4.2.1 4.1.2
4.2.2
4.2.5 1.8m
1.7m
4.3.1
()
4.3.2
5m 0.50.85
4.3.3
0.50.8m
(50mm)
3m
4.3.4
,
,
,:
50m
2000m 1000m 2000m ,
50m 39.4m 1000m 2000m , 1000m
:
50+27.9=77.9m 89m
IEC1024-1 2.1.2 1
a)b)c)
( IEC
B)
()
(-)
(5.1)
(5.2)
---()(m)
--- (kA)
-
?/P>
(5.2)
()
3.3.10 3.4.10
()
()()
5.2.1
IEC-TC81
H ( 100m
) 100m H=5m
H 6 H=10m =43.6m H 4.4 H=20m
=60m H 3 H=40m =80m H 2 H=80m
=98m H 1.2
2. 100m 100m
100m 100m
( 3.1) A 1
2
()
20m
2 1 3.1
3.1
1. A=1( 1)1
1 A :
4.3.4
100m =20m
20m
5.2.1
4.5 (a)( )(
)
1993 3