x4 1 (x2 + 1)(x2 1) (x2 + 1)(x + 1)(x 1)

(a) f (x) = = =
x1 x1 x1
= (x2 + 1)(x + 1) [or x3 + x2 + x + 1]
for x 6= 1. The discontinuity is removable and g(x) = x3 + x2 + x + 1
agrees with f for x 6= 1 and is continuous on R.
x3 x2 42x x(x2 x 42) x(x 7)(x + 6)
(b) f (x) = = =
x7 x7 x7
= x(x + 6) [or x2 + 6x] for x 6= 7. The discontinuity is removable
and g(x) = x2 + 6x agrees with f for x 6= 7 and is continuous on R.

(c) lim f (x) = lim [[sin x]] = lim 0 = 0 and lim+ f (x) = lim+ [[sin x]]
x x x x x
= lim+ (1) = 1, so lim f (x) does not exist. The discontinuity at
x x
x = is a jump discontinuity.