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By the end of the war, 600,000 Americans had lost their lives. The ______________ states
(Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri) were bitterly divided. The Border States
remained vital to the _________ of the Union.
President Lincoln worked tirelessly to keep the four Border States in the Union. In the end,
Lincoln was ____________________________. Still, many Border States residents supported
the ______________.
South advantages:____________________________________________________________________
Confederate Strategies:
Union Strategies:
Men of all ages rushed to _____________________, or join. They did this for different reasons:
About __________________ men fought for the Confederacy. About ___________ for the Union.
The Union army included just under _________________ African Americans and about 10,000
__________________.
A Soldiers Life:
Faced with these terrible realities, many men _______________________. About one in every
___________ Union soldiers and one of every _____________ Confederates ran away because
of fear, hunger, and sickness.
Lincoln named a new head of the Union Army _______________. He also called for more
_________________.
The Southern secret weapon was the _______________________________. What did they do to
the wooden ship? ________________________________________________. They renamed it the
Virginia.
The Union had an ironclad also called the __________________________________. They both
fought, but neither ship won the battle. But it did
________________________________________________.
The Union under David Farragut was able to take over ______________________________. This
meant that the Confederacy could no longer use the _____________________________________.
They only had _______________________________ left in the West.
Confederate Victories:
Southern victories in the East were largely the result of the leadership of _____________ and
_____________.
Lee split his army into _____________ parts. He ordered each part to move
______________________. He plan was not going to work because a Confederate officer
__________________ his copy of his orders and two Union soldiers _________________ it.
Antietam would be a key victory for the _____________________________. It was also the
___________________ single day of fighting in the war. Lee retreated to __________________
after the battle.
They also argued that if Lincoln presented the war as a fight to abolish slavery,
__________________ and ____________________________ would be less willing to support the
South.
A Call for Emancipation:
Under the Constitution Lincoln did have the power to take ____________________________
from an enemy in wartime. __________________________________ were property.
It did not change the lives of all enslaved people ____________________________. But it did
have a strong impact. It was clear that a Union _______________________ would end slavery
in the U.S.
Changes at Home:
Almost everyone who stayed home was _____________________ in some way by the war.
Only _______ of the school-age children attended school.
Many schools and churches served instead as ___________________ for the wounded.
Both armies spend the majority of their time on __________________________ soil. Thousands
of people became _______________________ - people displaced by war.
Many areas faced _____________________ of food and supplies. Most had to learn to do
without.
In both the North and South, women kept the ___________________ and _____________________
going. In the Civil War, thousands served as ______________________________.
Women on both sides also served as ________________________. Rose ONeal Greenhow and
______________________________ were both one.
Prisoners of War:
Andersonville prison opened in ________________________ in early 1864. It was built to hold
_____________________ prisoners, by August it had _____________________________. Almost
________________ Union prisoners died there, mostly from disease.
The Union prison in Elmire, __________________, was no better. Almost __________ of all
prisoners here died.
Field Hospitals:
1.
2.
In the South many people opposed the war. There were shortages everywhere. In
________________, a group of women and children protested.
In the North, the ___________________________ party split down the middle. There were War
Democrats and Peace Democrats. Critics of the Peace Democrats called them
_________________.
Draft Laws:
In 1862, the Confederate Congress passed the draft. What does this do?
At first the North offered money or _______________________ to get men to enlist. Later they
passed a draft. Some people _____________________________ to protest the draft.
The two sides had three way of paying for the war.
1. Borrowed money
2.
3. Printed money. Northern bills called greenbacks.
In the North ____________________________ profited from the war. Farmers also prospered.
Name a way the Civil War hurt the Souths economy. _____________________________________
Victory at Chancellorsville:
May 1863, Lee met Union forces led by _______________________ in the Battle of
Chancellorsville. Lees stagey was to attack the _______________ and _________________ of
the Union forces. Did it work? ______
What happened to Stonewall Jackson during the battle? ___________________ and then later
_____________.
Major General George McClellan was to ____________________ and slow to react. He failed to
follow Lincolns orders to follow that retreating Confederate troops and ________________
after the Battle of ______________.
Major General Joseph Hooker let Lees much smaller army crush his forces at
_____________________
Even though African Americans made up ____% of the Southern population, Confederate
leaders would not allow them to _______________. They feared that armed African
Americans would _____________________.
By 1862, Congress decided to ______________________ the policy and allow the African
Americans to enlist.
What are some problems that the African American soldiers faced?
By the end of the war they made up __________% of the Union army.
In spring 1863, the _______________________________ had the upper hand. Lee decided to
take the war once more into the North, hoping to impress France and Britain.
Lee ordered an attack designed to create a panic and virtually destroy the Union army.
It became known as _______________________________________________. It was not successful.
The Confederates had ______________________ casualties, the Union had
_____________________.
Gettysburg ended the Confederates hope of gaining help from ______________ and
______________. The South was hoping to get two __________________ from Britain, but they
decided not to release the ships.
July 4, 1863, the important river city of Vicksburg, Mississippi, fell under the control of
Union troops led by ____________________________________. He began a _______________ of
the town, preventing food and supplies from reaching the Confederates. It lasted
____________ days. There were more than ______________ Confederate and _________________
Union casualties. But only ___________ citizens of Vicksburg were killed.
Few days after this, the Confederacy lost Port ____________ in Louisiana. The Union had
split the South in two.
On November 19, 1863, officials and citizens gathered to dedicate the Soldiers National
Cemetery at __________________________________. Former governor of Massachusetts
Edward Everett delivered a _________ hour speech. After him, President Lincoln spoke for
_________ minutes. He honored the soldiers and their cause, and stated his
____________________ for the country. This speech remains one of the most enduring and
powerful speeches in _______________________.
By 1864, Union forces had the South surrounded. The Union blocked the Confederate
_____________ and the ________________________________ River. The South seemed ready to
fall if the Union could just come up with a plan. General _________________________ would
come up with one.
General Grant Takes Charge:
Grant was an average student, failed farmer and businessman. But he was a brilliant
soldier. In March 1864, President Lincoln put General Grant in charge of all
________________________________.
President Lincoln like that Grant was a man of action. Grant would move on to
_______________, the Confederate capital. At the same time, General William Tecumseh
Sherman would lead attacks across the _________________.
_____________________ won at the battles of Wilderness, Spotsylvania Court House, and Cold
Harbor.
At the Battle of the Wilderness, Lee had only about 60,000 men, while Grant had more
than 100,000. On the morning of the third day, there was no clear
__________________________. Grant moved his forces ___________________ toward Richmond.
Siege at Petersburg:
Sherman in Georgia:
Shermans troops circles ________. They faced Confederate general ________. Who won at
Atlanta? ________
Battles in Florida:
In February 1864, Union forces landed in ________________. They moved into the states
center. On February 20, the two armies fought at _________________. Union forces were
forced back to ________________.
Lincolns loss could mean an end to the war and recognition of the Confederacy as an
independent country. The wins at ______________________ and ________________________
helped Lincoln get reelected. He defeated ___________________________________. Most
people wanted a permanent end to slavery. On January 31, 1865, Congress passed the
_____________ Amendment which banned _____________________________.
This was part of a strategy called ______________________, destroying not only the enemys
army, but also its land and people. White Southerners were outraged.
__________________________ left their plantations to follow the protection of Shermans army.
Richmond Falls:
General ______________ realized he could no longer defend Richmond. His army evacuated
the city.
Grant and Lee met in a small Virginia town called Appomattox Court House. What did
Grant do for Lees soldiers? __________________________________________
More __________________ were lost than any other conflict in the American history.
Many questions remained. The time after the Civil war is known as
_____________________________.