Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
PROVINCE
A Research
Presented to
In Partial Fulfillment
Bachelor of Sciences
By
TA HOANG NAM
August , 2016
Background:
Environment has played a very important role in our life. It is not only our living space,
which entertains us with its beauty landscapes and makes our life more comfortable, but also
provides us with all kinds of natural mineral resources for manufacture and consumption.
Besides, environment also stores the wastes of the economy (Hoai, Textbook for Economic
Development). Viet Nam is still an agricultural country with 60.7 million people (out of the
total 89.7 million citizens) living in the rural area (statistics, 2013). According to a research
by Yale university (Sweden, 2006) into environment ranking, Vietnam takes the lowest rank
in the South East Asia among 8 countries. The biggest cause is the rapid increase of household
waste leading to environmental destruction. The total amount of solid household waste in all
urban areas in our country reaches 17.682 tons per day (2007); 26.224 tons per day (2010),
which increase by 10% each year. In 2014, the amount of solid household waste of the urban
area is 30.000 tons per day (Report on the current status of Vietnam environment, period
2011-2015). In the rural area, household waste is not collected and treated as much as it is
done by urban environment companies. Each family has their own way of treating the waste
depending on their awareness and conditions. Some families living next to the river or lake
throw rubbish into these water sources. Others collect rubbish in a sack and bring it to
somewhere far from their house. In many villages, there are no official landfills and people
discard garbage wherever they want. According to the research by WHO, 15.25 % people
living near the landfill suffer from cancers. Besides, 25% of the women living there are
Nam Tien is an agriculture producing commune, Pho Yen town, Thai Nguyen. The local
people are mainly farmers, taking up to 70% of the total population according to the new plan
for new rural area development of Nam Tien Commune in 2014. Nam Tien Commune has
reached the standards of new rural area development program since 2015, with public
landfills satisfying the demands of the program for new rural area development and garbage
collected and treated by urban environment companies. However, rubbish is still dumped on
empty spaces, rivers or not into the landfill which destroys the landscape and affect the
surrounding environmental resources such as air, water or land. It is clear that all peoples
actions are based on their awareness of the environment. Although they do not always do
what they say, their awareness is an important factor leading to action, and behavior is an
important step to implement the plan (Koon-Kwai Wong, 2003). Therefore, it is necessary to
find out the factors affecting peoples awareness. This is the reason why we conduct the
research Factors affecting environmental awareness, An investigation into solid household
waste treatment in Nam Tien Commune, Pho Yen town, Thai Nguyen Province
1.8.1 Scope
This study was conducted in Nam Tien Commune, Pho Yen town, Thai Nguyen
Province with the total area of 8.44 square kilometers since 11th August 2016.
Interview was carried out on 50 people out of the total population (7312)
1.8.2 Limitation
Due to the lack of time and secondary data, the time for this study is short. Moreover,
farmers do not give honest answers
H o u
E x t s e h
e r n I on l td
a l e w r na s
f a c ta e l
t o r f ta r ec a
s : t t om r e
ns t:
Figure 3.1: Conceptual Framework
Description: in this study, there are two factors that affect peoples treatment of solid
household waste; they are internal and external ones
Internal factors include education (the number of school years)
Income (the factual monthly amount they earn, collected from interview)
The amount of waste (the amount disposed by a person per day)
External factors include training from the local authority on waste collection and
treatment
Waste collection charges: the monthly amount of money a family has to pay for
environment company.
Fine: The financial punishment for improper disposal of waste
In this study, the practice of household waste sorting is divided into 5 categories: 1.
Never; 2: Sometimes; 3: Often; 4: Usually; 5: Always. There are also 5 categories to identify
the importance of waste sorting which are 1: Very unnecessary; 2: Not necessary; 3: Neutral;
4: Necessary; 5: Very necessary. In terms of the importance of waste treatment, 5 categories
are used: 1: Very unnecessary; 2: Not necessary; 3: Neutral; 4: Necessary; 5: Very necessary
3.2 Research approach and design
This study focuses on the people living in Nam Tien Commune, Pho Yen town, Thai
Nguyen Province. Data are collection from August 2016 to February 2017. The study deals
with factors affecting the treatment of solid household waste in order to draw conclusion on
the factors affecting peoples awareness. This study used 20 questions focusing on the
following variables
- Education
- Income
- Amount of disposed waste (1 person per day)
- Number of training sections
- Waste collection charges
- The frequency of fine for improper waste disposal
- Gender
- Frequency of waste sorting
- Importance of waste treatment
- Importance of waste sorting
3.3 Method of data collection
a) Inherited method and secondary data collection
Collecting result of the researches which affect peoples environmental awareness. Take
advantage of selected materials and credited researches which deals with related matter
Collecting data on the geographical, economic and social conditions from Nam Tien
Peoples Committee.
Direct interview with workers who collect and treat waste in Nam Tien Commune. This
information was used to be secondary data for the research.
b) Field survey method
Investigating by observing, taking photographs and notes on household waste treatment
method of all 11 villages of Nam Tien Commune, namely Ho Son, Doi, Truong Thinh, Giua,
Dinh, Lo, Nui 1, Nui 2, Trai, Chua.
c) Interview method
The primary data for this study comes from interview with families in Nam Tien
Commune, Pho Yen town, Thai Nguyen province. A structured interview schedule was used to
collect related date for research. The questionnaire was filled through face-to-face interview
by researcher. The research visited farmers from 10 villages for interview which lasted 10-15
minutes each.
Questions aiming at finding out the household waste treatment method and
environmental awareness. In this study, peoples awareness toward waste treatment was
gathered by the use of Likert-scale qualitative questions. The response to each perception
aspect was recorded as always (5), usually (4), often (3), sometimes (2) and never (1) for
favorable statements and vice versa.
Tabular analysis
Peoples treatment method of household waste and their understanding of the
importance of waste treatment.
Quanlitative data was also used in this study by asking open questions about age,
income, education, training, waste collection charges, fine.
The researcher also seeked the sources of information the respondents use in order to
decide the treatment methods.
The draft interview schedule was prepared in accordance with the objectives of the
study. The interview schedule was pre-tested with five interviewees. Necessary correction,
addition, modification were made in the interview schedule which is based on pre-test result.
Wherever the interviewees felt any difficulty in understanding any questions, the researcher
will take care to explain and clarify.
Qualitative data were converted to quantities one whenever necessary. Data were
obtained from interviewees were first put to a master sheet, then compiled, tabulated and
analyzed in the accordance with the objectives of the study.
While there are some open questions out of the total 20 questions, the rest are closed
questions which seek short answers from the interviewees
d, Sampling
A random sample selection was conducted. 50 Nam Tien people who come from all 11
villages were chosen and observed so as to obtain the most suitable answers which satisfy the
variables (education, income, amount of disposed waste (1 person per day), number of
training sections, waste collection charges, The frequency of fine for improper waste disposal,
gender, frequency of waste sorting, importance of waste treatment, importance of waste
sorting)
3.5. Method of data analysis
Using the descriptive statistic method: By the comparison and inspection of primary
data from sample investigation for synthesis as well as evaluation of factors leading to
household waste treatment method in Nam tien Commune, Pho Yen town.
Mean, the maximum, the minimum and standard deviation, percentages were used to
describe information about each interviewee of research, which is based on the criteria and
the factors affecting household waste treatment
The researcher plans to use the criteria of scale rating of class interval of Best (1970) to
interpret the mean score of farmers opinion with the survey question content .
Table 3.5: Meaning of average mean ranges for household waste sorting
Range of average mean Meaning
1.00 1.80 Never
1.81 2.60 Sometime
2.61 3.40 Often
3.41 - 4.20 Usually
4.21 5.00 Always
Analysisofcorrelationcoefficient
Toassessthestrengthofrelationshipamongfactorsaffectingpeoplestreatmentmethodof
solidhouseholdwaste.
Themeaningcorrelationcoefficientr:
r<0.2:nocorrelation
rfrom0.2to0.4:weakcorrelation
rfrom0.4to0.6:averagecorrelation
rfrom0.6to0.8:strongcorrelation
rfrom0.8to<1:verystrongcorrelation
Correlationissignificantatthe0.05level
Regression analysis
All the hypothesis were tested through research data of regression formula. To test the
hypothesis, hypothesis H0, error (p-value) and mean () would be used (95% confidence
interval and = 0,05)
ANOVA analysis
Scales will be tested by ANOVA, T-test. Testing by ANOVA, T-test will help identify the
impacts of personal characteristics on environmental awereness. Standard for testing the
scales is the mean (sig.) 0,05
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Vietnamese
B ti nguyn v mi trng, 2015 Bo co hin trng mi trng Vit Nam giai on 2011-
2015, Trang 49.
L Van Khoa (2009), Khoa hoc mi trng, NXB Gio duc
Trn Hiu Nhu., ng Quc Dung, Nguyn Thi Kim Thi (2001), Quan l cht thai rn, tp
1: Quan l cht thai rn thi, NXB Xy Dng
Cuc bao v Mi trng (2004), Bo co din bin Mi trng Quc gia nam 2004, Cht thai
rn
I. Profile information:
Full name:..
1. gender:
2. Age:
3. highest education:.
4. monthly income:
II. Status of waste collection and treatment:
5. The amount of household waste you dispose every dayt:.kg
6. How do you treat the waste?
a. Bring it to public landfill
b. Burning
c. Throw it into river or empty spaces
d. Dumping
e. Recycling
f. Other.
7. In your opinion, is it important to treat the waste?
a.Very necessary
b. necessary
c. Neutral
d. Not necessary
e. Very unnecessary
8. Do you separate waste before treatment?
a. Yes
b. No
9. Do you know how to separate waste?
a. Yes
b. No
10. Do you often separate waste before treatment?
a. Always
b. Usually
c. Often
d. Sometimes
e. Never
11. In your opinion, is it important to separate waste before treatment?
a.Very necessary
b. necessary
c. Neutral
d. Not necessary
e. Very unnecessary
12. Do you store your waste in a bag before disposal?
a. Always
b. Usually
c. Often
d. Sometimes
e. Never
13. What do you think about peoples treatment of household waste today?
a. Very good
b. Good
c. Neutral
d. Not good
e. Very bad
14. According to you, the reason for improper waste disposal is ---
a. Peoples habit
b. High charge of waste collection and treatment
c. Uncleared trash bin
d. Lack of trash bin
e. The convenience of such action
f. Examples from the neighborhood
g. Others
15. What factors encouraging you to treat waste?
a. Banners, leaflets
b. Family
c. Friends
d. Mass media
e. Local authority
16. How often do the local authority encourage and popularize the waste treatment?
a. Usually
b. Not usually
c. Never
17. Have you ever been to a training on waste treatment?
a. Yes (How many times:)
b. No
18. Is there any local fine for improper waste disposal?
a. Yes (How much:..)
b. No
19. Have you ever been fined for improper waste disposal?
a.Yes (How many times:..)
b.No
20. What do you think about the waste collection program of the urban environment
company?
a. Very effective
b. Effective
c. Neutral
d. Ineffective
e. Very ineffective