QM ZG528 L-2

Reliability Engineering
BITS Pilani Gajanand Gupta
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Pilani Campus

1
 BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus

The Failure distribution

Objective

The Reliability function

Mean time to failure
Hazard rate function
Bathtub curve
Conditional reliability

3
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
COMPREHENSIVE DEFINITION OF RELIABILITY

Reliability is the
(1) conditional probability, at a given
(2) Confidence level that the equipment will
(3) perform its intended functions satisfactorily or without
failure, i.e., within specified performance limits, at a given
(4) age, for a specified length of time, function period, or
(5) mission time, when used in the manner and for the
purpose intended while operating under the specified
application and operation environments with their
associated
(6) stress levels
4
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
The Reliability Function

Reliability is defined as the probability that a system

(Component) will function over some time period t.
To express this relationship mathematically we define the
continuous random variable T to be the time to failure of
the system (component) ; T 0
Then Reliability Can be expressed as
R(t) = Pr { T t }
Where
R(t) 0, R(0) =1 and limt- R(t) =0
For a given value of t, R(t) is the probability that the time to
failure is greater than or equal to t.
5
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
 6
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
 7
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
If we define
F(t) = 1- R(t) = Pr {T < t }
Where F(0) = 0 and Lim t - F(t) = 1
Then F(t) is the probability that a failure occurs before time t.

let R(t) = Reliability function

F(t) = cumulative distribution function
Then Probability density function is given by
dF (t ) dR(t )
f (t )
dt dt

8
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
The PDF f(t) has these two properties:

F(t) 0 and f (t )dt 1
0 t
F (t ) f (t )dt
Given the PDF , f(t), then
0

R(t ) f (t )dt
t

9
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Example 1

Given the following PDF for the random variable T, the

time (in operating hours) to failure of a compressor, What
is its reliability for a 100-hr operating life.
0.001
f (t ) , t0
(0.001 t 1) 2

10
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
 11
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Design Life

A design life is defined t o be the time to failure tR that

corresponds to a specified reliability R. That is R(tR) = R.

Example
To find the design life if a reliability of 0.95 is desired

12
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Mean time to failure

13
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Example 2

14
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
 15
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Variance

16
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Example 3

17
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Hazard rate function

18
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
 19
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
 20
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Cumulative and average failure rate

21
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Example

22
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
 23
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
 24
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Conditional Reliability

25
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus
Thanks

26
BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus