Outcomes were classified according to the Kirkpatrick/Freeth model which

distinguishes 4 levels as described in Table 1 (Freeth, Hammick, Koppel, Reeves, &

Barr, 2002). Specifically, student-level evaluation included the use of both open-
ended opinion questions (level 1) and scaled items on student surveys (level 2a),
referred to throughout as the pre- and post-IPE student surveys, as well as
observation of students clinical interventions with patients (levels 2b and 3).
Program-level evaluation included open-ended opinion questions on post-IPE
student surveys (level 1) and patient satisfaction surveys (levels 3 and 4b).
Table 1: Outcomes according to the Kirkpatrick/Freeth model

Kirkpatrick/Freeth Definition Measurement Subject Focus of

Model Level Tool s Outcome

1: Reaction Learners views Open ended Student Student

on the learning questions on s attitude
experience and post-IPE toward IPE
its student survey
interprofession
al nature Program
Evaluation

2a: Modification Changes in Scaled Student Student

of reciprocal questions on s attitude
attitudes/percepti attitudes or pre- and post- toward IPC
ons perceptions IPE student
between survey
participant
groups.
Changes in
perception or
attitude
towards the
value and/or
use of team
approaches to
caring for a
specific client
group

2b: Acquisition of Including Clinical Student Student

knowledge/skills knowledge and recommendatio s knowledge and
skills linked to ns skills
interprofession
al collaboration
3: Behavioral Identifies Clinical Student Student
change individuals recommendatio s professional
transfer of ns skills
interprofession
al learning to Patient Patients Student
their practice Satisfaction behavior
setting and Survey toward patient
changed
professional
practice.

4a: Changes in Wider changes Informal Site Increase in

organizational in the evaluation of Interprofession
practice organization interprofession- al
and delivery of alism at the collaboration
care UAMMC at site

4b: Benefits to Improvements Patient Patient Impact on

patients/clients in health or Satisfaction patient
well-being of Survey
patients/clients