by

Yves Lemat 2014869794

Huda
Muiz
Alief Azman
Nil
Akem
C NTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Problems in Waste Disposal
3. Types of Landfill
4. Problems in Landfill Operation
5. Selection of Landfill Site
6. Landfill Lifespan
7. Leachate Management
8. Gas Emission Management
9. Cover Soil Management
10. Seelong Sanitary Landfill
INTRODUCTION
1. Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a category of diverse waste, generated
from different sources (residential, commercial, municipal services,
agriculture) and collected by appointed solid waste management
companies under local management authorities.

2. Despite the complexity of waste produced, the standards of landfills in

most developing countries are still poor; these include inadequate
waste treatment facilities, inefficient collection and storage systems, co-
disposal of municipal waste with hazardous waste, inefficient utilisation
of disposal space, lack of environmental abatement measures and poor
documentation (Hassan et al., 2000)*

3. With those weaknesses, it is accounted that they will lead to wide variety
of environmental problems.

*Hassan, M. N., Rahman, R. A., Chong, T. L., Zakaria, Z., & Awang, M. (2000). Waste recycling in
Malaysia: problems and prospects. Waste Management and Research, 18(4), 320-328.
PROBLEMS IN WASTE DISPOSAL
1. Illegal waste dumping site.
2. Increasing population.
3. Malaysian social economics
and lifestyle.
4. Poorly planned collection and
disposal system.
5. Malaysians attitude towards
proper waste disposal.
TYPES OF LANDFILL

Open Dump Controlled Landfill Sanitary Landfill

CLASSIFICATION OF SANITARY LANDFILL
*The classification of a landfill is based on the
decomposition pro-cesses that occur in a landfill:

1. Anaerobic Landfill
2. Anaerobic Sanitary Landfill with Daily Cover
3. Improved Anaerobic Sanitary Landfill with
Buried Leachate Collection Pipes
4. Semi-aerobic Landfill with Natural Ventilation
and Leachate Collection Facilities
5. Aerobic Landfill with Forced Aeration
*Idris A, Inane B, Hassan MN. Overview of waste disposal and landfills/dumps in
Asiancountries. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 2004;6(2):10410.

Image: Aziz, H.A. (2015). Control and Treatment of Landfill Leachate for Sanitary
Waste Disposal. IGI Global
 CLASSIFICATION OF LANDFILL
KATEGORI TAPAK PELUPUSAN SISA PEPEJAL
MENGIKUT NEGERI, 2015

NEGERI SANITARI BUKAN SANITARI

Johor 1 13
Kedah 1 6
Kelantan - 11
Melaka 1 -
Negeri Sembilan 1 7
Pahang 2 14
Perak - 16
Perlis - 1
Pulau Pinang 1 1
Sabah 1 18
Sarawak 3 46
Selangor 3 5
Terengganu - 9
Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur - -
Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan - 1
JUMLAH 14 148

Nota
Sanitari = Tapak pelupusan yang mempunyai teknologi untuk merawat air sisa dan sisa
pepejal
Bukan Sanitari = Tapak pelupusan yang tidak mempunyai teknologi untuk merawat air
sisa dan sisa pepejal

Sumber : Jabatan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara

PROBLEMS IN LANDFILL OPERATION
1. Pollution of ground and surface waters (indiscriminate
site selection & landfill management).

2. Risk of pollution from landfill gas in nearby properties

(due to methane) and death of vegetation due to
landfill gas (displacement of O2 by CO2).
3. *Settlement of putrescible organic waste waste with
high organic compound. Engineering properties of
landfilled MSWs with high organic content in Asian
developing countries are distinguished from those in
developed countries. A study showed that landfills with
higher organic content tend to have larger leachate
production, longterm settlement and possibility of
slope failure.
* Chen, Y. M., Zhan, L. T., Xu, X. B., & Liu, H. L. (2013, September). Geo-environmental problems in landfills of
MSW with high organic content. In Proc., 18th int. conf. on soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, Paris,
France (Vol. 1, pp. 3009-3012).
 SELECTION OF LANDFILL SITE

1. Land area useful life (minimum 1 year).

2. Efficiency (collection & transport) haul distance which impact
on operating costs.
3. Soil conditions and topography cover material near site (costly
if farther away).
4. Geologic and hydro-geologic conditions for site preparation,
to reduce leaching into ground & surface waters.
5. Climatologic conditions wet-weather operations (rainfall may
cause groundwater contamination).
6. Local environmental conditions noise, dust, odour, vector, and
aesthetic factors control requirements.
7. Surrounding conditions Planning, regulations, effluent discharge
points, access roads, buffer zones (green belts), housing, public
facilities, availability of power, and water supplies.
LANDFILL LIFESPAN
1. Should be set at approximately 10 to 15 years of
operations.
2. Considerations: finding a suitable site, carrying out
financial analysis and determine the landfill construction
schedule
3. Reserve margin or buffer must be provided in the plan so
that the life span of landfill may be increased by a further
10-year period.
*Please check your notes on DESIGNED LANDFILL CAPACITY
LEACHATE MANAGEMENT
1. Objective : prevent migration of
leachate. Important in wet climate.
2. The amount of leachate generated
is dependent on: water availability,
landfill surface conditions, solid
waste conditions
3. Leachate directed to low points at
bottom of landfill through a
drainage system at floor
4. Perforated pipes at the low points collect leachate
5. Gravity flow or pumping
6. Store temporarily in tanks or impoundment
LEACHATE MANAGEMENT - ITALY
GAS EMISSION MANAGEMENT
Gas flows along paths of least resistant
Uncontrolled : via sewer, basement, sand layer
Controlled : proper design collection system
Passive collection
Vent pipe to direct gas out of landfill
Depth of a few meter to 75% of landfill depth
Active extraction
Vent pipe system connected to vacuum pump
GAS EMISSION MANAGEMENT
LANDFILL COVER SOIL
Cover soil at the landfill site plays important roles in
sanitation, fire prevention, reduction of leachate
volume, odour and pests/vermin control. Alternative
method may be used to cover the dumpsite
temporarily (instead of soil).

Depends on stage of landfilling: can be in layered

pattern (daily cover) or specifically designed cap
(during landfill closure).
LANDFILL COVER SOIL ALTERNATIVE: FOAM
SEELONG SANITARY LANDFILL, JOHOR
The construction of the Seelong Sanitary landfill
(SSL) is a joint effort between the Johor State
Government and SWM Environment Sdn Bhd.
The construction work for cell one & other infra
by SWM begun on June 2003 and on January
2004 the first cell commenced operation.

The construction and management of SSL is the

highest level of requirement by the Department
of Environment & was designed using
advanced technology to minimize impact to Johor state main office of SWM Env. S/B

public health and the environment.

Jalan Kangar, Tebrau