A Project Report on

Title

Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award

of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Submitted by

NAME NAME NAME

Roll. No: 1080 Roll. No: 108 Roll. No: 108

Under the guidance of

Mr. GUIDE NAME
Assistant Professor
Department Of Computer Science & Engineering

May 2013-2017

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

MOHAMMAD ALI JAUHAR UNIVERSITY
RAMPUR-244901
UTTAR PRADESH

i
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

It is Certified that this project work titled Title is the bonafide work of Name1

(Roll.No.10808807), Name2 (Roll.No.10808835), Name3 (Roll.No.10808839) who carried

out the research under my supervision. Certified further, that to the best of my knowledge the

work reporting herein does not form part of any other project report or dissertation on the

basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other

candidate.

MR. GUIDE NAME Mr. KALEEM UR REHMAN

Assistant Professor Head of the Department
Project Guide
Mohammad Ali Jauhar University Mohammad Ali Jauhar University
Rampur Rampur

Internal Examiner External Examiner

ii
 Acknowledgement

We feel an immense amount of pleasure in submitting this project report on Name of Title

as partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of B.Tech in Computer Science &

Engineering. The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any

project would be incomplete without a mention of people who made it possible and whose

constant guidance and encouragement crown all the efforts.

First and foremost, We would like to express my sincere gratitude to our advisor, Mr.

Guide Name for his invaluable guidance and cooperation throughout the work. His constant

encouragement and vision enabled us to take this new endeavor to the success path.

We would like to express our hearty gratitude to Dr. Raisul Hasan, Dean, Mohammad

Ali Jauhar University, Rampur for his support and encouragement throughout the work and

for providing the suitable environment to carry out the work.

We feel compelled to articulate my thankfulness to Mr. KALEEM UR REHMAN,

HOD, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, M. A. Jauhar University for his

encouragement which was a source of inspiration.

We extend our heartfelt gratitude to Mr. MOHD KALEEM & Mr. KALEEM UR

REHMAN, Project Coordinator, whose constant motivation and support made me

enthusiastic throughout the work.

In the last but not least we are indebted to all the teaching and non-teaching staff

members of our college for helping me directly or indirectly by all means throughout the

course of my study and project work.

iii
 DECLARATION

We NAME1 (Roll.No.10808807), NAME2 (Roll.No.10808835),

NAME3 (Roll.No.10808839) hereby declare that the work which is being presented in the

dissertation Name of Title is the record of authentic work carried out by us under the

supervision of Mr. Guide Name in the Department of Computer Science & Engineering, M.

A. Jauhar University, Rampur (UP) and submitted in the partial fulfillment for the award of

the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science & Engineering. This work has

not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any Degree/Diploma.

(SIGNATURE) (SIGNATURE) (SIGNATURE)
NAME1 NAME2 NAME3

(10808835) (10808839) (10808809)

iv
ABSTRACT

v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract v
Table of contents vi
List of figures vii

Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1 Overview. 1
1.2 Basic of Ant Colony Optimization. ... 3

Chapter 2: Literature Survey.. 4

2.1 Overview of Ant Based Routing. .. 5
2.2 Fuzzy logic for AFAR. 6
2.3 AFAR algorithm.............................................. 9

Chapter 3: Hardware and Software Specification.. . 17

3.1 Hardware specification. . 17
3.2 Software Specification.. . 17

Chapter 4: Problem Description 18

4.1: Existing Problem... 18
19
4.2: Proposed technique . .

Chapter 5: Methodology.. .. 20
5.1 Design of Fuzzy Interface System.. 20
5.2 Description of Proposed Protocol 25

Chapter 6: Implementation...... 29
6.1 Simulation and Result............................................ 29

Chapter 7: Result.. 32

Chapter 8: Conclusion and Future Work. 38

8.1 Conclusion 38
8.2 Future Work 39

vi
References. 40
Chapter 9: Research paper.. ..
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Figure Name Page

No
Figure 2.1 Fuzzy Rule Base for AFAR Algorithm.. 6

Figure 2.2 Member Function for (a) Path Delay (b) Path Utilization.. 7

Figure 2.3 Membership Function for Output Congestion Rate 8

Figure 2.4 (a) Forward Ant Movement (b) Backward Ant Movement.... 9

Figure 2.5 Pheromone table for node 1.. 15

Figure 2.6 The network graph 15

Figure 2.7 Pheromone table after the update 16

Figure 2.8 The path and pheromone table after the update has taken place.

Figure 5.1 Fuzzy Membership Function for Signal Strength 22

Figure 5.2 Fuzzy Membership Function for Battery Capacity 22

Figure 5.3 Fuzzy Membership Function for Buffer Occupancy 22

Figure 5.4 Fuzzy Membership Function for Fuzzy Cost... 23

Figure 5.5 Fuzzy Rule Table For Week. 23

Figure 5.6 Computation of Fuzzy Cost When Forward Ant Visits The Node. 24

Figure 5.7 Stack Content of a Forward Ant Is Updated When It Visits The Node... 26

Figure 5.8 Response Action of Intermediate Node When Ant Is Received 27

Figure 6.1 Packet Delivery Ratio.. 30

Figure 6.2 End To End Delay. 30

vii
Figure 6.3 Number of Root Discovers.. 30

Figure 7.1 Snapshot of ANTNet Simulator.. 32

Figure 7.2 Snapshot Of Non-Adaptive(Orange) Vs ANTNet Algorith(Blue)... 34

Figure 7.3 Snapshot of ANTNet Activated After The 100 Calls. 36

viii
ix
x