69 Spring Interview Questions and Answers - The ULTIMATE List

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ABOUT THEODORA FRAGKOULI
TheodorahasgraduatedfromComputerEngineeringandInformaticsDepartmentintheUniversityofPatras.ShealsoholdsaMaster
degreeinEconomicsfromtheNationalandTechnicalUniversityofAthens.Duringherstudiesshehasbeeninvolvedwithalarge
numberofprojectsrangingfromprogrammingandsoftwareengineeringtotelecommunications,hardwaredesignandanalysis.She
worksasajuniorSoftwareEngineerinthetelecommunicationssectorwheresheismainlyinvolvedwithprojectsbasedonJavaand
BigDatatechnologies.
69 Spring Interview Questions and Answers The ULTIMATE List (PDF

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Postedby :TheodoraFragk ouli inEnterpriseJav a May 2nd,2014
Thisisasummaryofsomeofthemost
importantquestionsconcerningtheSpring
Framework,thatyoumaybeaskedtoanswer
inanintervieworinaninterviewtest
procedure!Thereisnoneedtoworryforyour
nextinterviewtest,becauseJavaCodeGeeks
arehereforyou!
Themajorityofthethingsyoumaybeaskedis
NEWSLETTER
collectedinthelistbelow.Allcoremodules,
frombasicSpringfunctionalitysuchasSpring
Beans,uptoSpringMVCframeworkare
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checkourSpringTutorialspage. weeklyupdatesandcomplimentary
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TableofContents
Springoverview
DependencyInjection
SpringBeans
https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2014/05/springinterviewquestionsandanswers.html 1/14
SpringBeans
SpringAnnotations
SpringDataAccess
SpringAspectOrientedProgramming(AOP)
SpringModelViewController(MVC)
Springoverview
1.WhatisSpring?
SpringisanopensourcedevelopmentframeworkforEnterpriseJava.ThecorefeaturesoftheSpringFrameworkcanbeusedindeveloping
anyJavaapplication,butthereareextensionsforbuildingwebapplicationsontopoftheJavaEEplatform.Springframeworktargetstomake
JavaEEdevelopmenteasiertouseandpromotegoodprogrammingpracticebyenablingaPOJObasedprogrammingmodel.
2.WhatarebenefitsofSpringFramework?
Lightweight:Springislightweightwhenitcomestosizeandtransparency.Thebasicversionofspringframeworkisaround2MB.
Inversionofcontrol(IOC):LoosecouplingisachievedinSpring,withtheInversionofControltechnique.Theobjectsgivetheir
dependenciesinsteadofcreatingorlookingfordependentobjects.
Aspectoriented(AOP):SpringsupportsAspectorientedprogrammingandseparatesapplicationbusinesslogicfromsystemservices.
Container:Springcontainsandmanagesthelifecycleandconfigurationofapplicationobjects.
MVCFramework:SpringswebframeworkisawelldesignedwebMVCframework,whichprovidesagreatalternativetoweb
frameworks.
TransactionManagement:Springprovidesaconsistenttransactionmanagementinterfacethatcanscaledowntoalocaltransactionand
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
scaleuptoglobaltransactions(JTA).
ExceptionHandling:SpringprovidesaconvenientAPItotranslatetechnologyspecificexceptions(thrownbyJDBC,Hibernate,orJDO)into EntryLevelSoftwareDeveloperEmploymentTrust
consistent,uncheckedexceptions. Seattle,WA
Jun,10
JavaDeveloperORACLECorporation
3.WhicharetheSpringframeworkmodules? Reston,VA
Jun,29
ThebasicmodulesoftheSpringframeworkare: SoftwareEngineer0703Earning$257,000EMF
Industries
Coremodule Reston,VA
Jul,09
Beanmodule SoftwareEngineer0708Earning$257,000EMF
Contextmodule Industries
Herndon,VA
ExpressionLanguagemodule Jul,09
JDBCmodule JavaDeveloperGreenHealthcareSolutions
Fairfax,VA
ORMmodule Jul,06
OXMmodule JavaDeveloperPyramidSystems,Inc.
Fairfax,VA
JavaMessagingService(JMS)module Apr,29
Transactionmodule JavaDeveloper(entrylevel)Workforce
OpportunityServices(WOS)
Webmodule Herndon,VA
WebServletmodule Jul,07
FederalEntryLevelTrainingProgramTechnology
WebStrutsmodule EngineerAnalyst+Accenture
WebPortletmodule Arlington,VA
May,06
ConsultantJavaEngineerHedgeFundCaspianOne
4.ExplaintheCoreContainer(Applicationcontext)module NewYork,NY
Jun,28
ThisisthebasicSpringmodule,whichprovidesthefundamentalfunctionalityoftheSpringframework. JavaDeveloperPiperCompanies
Vienna,VA
BeanFactory
Jun,28
1 2 ... 6585
istheheartofanyspringbasedapplication.Springframeworkwasbuiltonthetopofthismodule,whichmakestheSpringcontainer.
Freelance
5.BeanFactoryBeanFactoryimplementationexample Keyword... Fulltime
Intership
A Location...
Parttime
BeanFactory
Country...
All
isanimplementationofthefactorypatternthatappliesInversionofControltoseparatetheapplicationsconfigurationanddependenciesfrom FilterResults
theactualapplicationcode.
jobsby
Themostcommonlyused
BeanFactory
implementationisthe
XmlBeanFactory
class.
6.XMLBeanFactory
Themostusefuloneis
org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory
,whichloadsitsbeansbasedonthedefinitionscontainedinanXMLfile.ThiscontainerreadstheconfigurationmetadatafromanXMLfileand
,whichloadsitsbeansbasedonthedefinitionscontainedinanXMLfile.ThiscontainerreadstheconfigurationmetadatafromanXMLfileand
usesittocreateafullyconfiguredsystemorapplication.
7.ExplaintheAOPmodule
TheAOPmoduleisusedfordevelopingaspectsforourSpringenabledapplication.MuchofthesupporthasbeenprovidedbytheAOPAlliance
inordertoensuretheinteroperabilitybetweenSpringandotherAOPframeworks.Thismodulealsointroducesmetadataprogrammingto
Spring.
8.ExplaintheJDBCabstractionandDAOmodule
WiththeJDBCabstractionandDAOmodulewecanbesurethatwekeepupthedatabasecodecleanandsimple,andpreventproblemsthat
resultfromafailuretoclosedatabaseresources.Itprovidesalayerofmeaningfulexceptionsontopoftheerrormessagesgivenbyseveral
databaseservers.ItalsomakesuseofSpringsAOPmoduletoprovidetransactionmanagementservicesforobjectsinaSpringapplication.
9.Explaintheobject/relationalmappingintegrationmodule
Springalsosupportsforusingofanobject/relationalmapping(ORM)tooloverstraightJDBCbyprovidingtheORMmodule.Springprovides
supporttotieintoseveralpopularORMframeworks,includingHibernate,JDO,andiBATISSQLMaps.Springstransactionmanagement
supportseachoftheseORMframeworksaswellasJDBC.
10.Explainthewebmodule
TheSpringwebmoduleisbuiltontheapplicationcontextmodule,providingacontextthatisappropriateforwebbasedapplications.This
modulealsocontainssupportforseveralweborientedtaskssuchastransparentlyhandlingmultipartrequestsforfileuploadsand
programmaticbindingofrequestparameterstoyourbusinessobjects.ItalsocontainsintegrationsupportwithJakartaStruts.
11.ExplaintheSpringMVCmodule
MVCframeworkisprovidedbySpringforbuildingwebapplications.SpringcaneasilybeintegratedwithotherMVCframeworks,butSprings
MVCframeworkisabetterchoice,sinceitusesIoCtoprovideforacleanseparationofcontrollerlogicfrombusinessobjects.WithSpring
MVCyoucandeclarativelybindrequestparameterstoyourbusinessobjects.
12.Springconfigurationfile
SpringconfigurationfileisanXMLfile.Thisfilecontainstheclassesinformationanddescribeshowtheseclassesareconfiguredand
introducedtoeachother.
13.WhatisSpringIoCcontainer?
TheSpringIoCisresponsibleforcreatingtheobjects,managingthem(withdependencyinjection(DI)),wiringthemtogether,configuring
them,asalsomanagingtheircompletelifecycle.
14.WhatarethebenefitsofIOC?
IOCordependencyinjectionminimizestheamountofcodeinanapplication.Itmakeseasytotestapplications,sincenosingletonsorJNDI
lookupmechanismsarerequiredinunittests.Loosecouplingispromotedwithminimaleffortandleastintrusivemechanism.IOCcontainers
supporteagerinstantiationandlazyloadingofservices.
15.WhatarethecommonimplementationsoftheApplicationContext?
TheFileSystemXmlApplicationContextcontainerloadsthedefinitionsofthebeansfromanXMLfile.ThefullpathoftheXMLbean
configurationfilemustbeprovidedtotheconstructor.
TheClassPathXmlApplicationContextcontaineralsoloadsthedefinitionsofthebeansfromanXMLfile.Here,youneedtoset
CLASSPATH
properlybecausethiscontainerwilllookbeanconfigurationXMLfilein
CLASSPATH
.
TheWebXmlApplicationContext:containerloadstheXMLfilewithdefinitionsofallbeansfromwithinawebapplication.
16.WhatisthedifferencebetweenBeanFactoryandApplicationContext?
Applicationcontextsprovideameansforresolvingtextmessages,agenericwaytoloadfileresources(suchasimages),theycanpublish
eventstobeansthatareregisteredaslisteners.Inaddition,operationsonthecontainerorbeansinthecontainer,whichhavetobehandledin
aprogrammaticfashionwithabeanfactory,canbehandleddeclarativelyinanapplicationcontext.Theapplicationcontextimplements
MessageSource

,aninterfaceusedtoobtainlocalizedmessages,withtheactualimplementationbeingpluggable.
17.WhatdoesaSpringapplicationlooklike?
Aninterfacethatdefinesthefunctions.
Theimplementationthatcontainsproperties,itssetterandgettermethods,functionsetc.,
Theimplementationthatcontainsproperties,itssetterandgettermethods,functionsetc.,
SpringAOP
TheSpringconfigurationXMLfile.
Clientprogramthatusesthefunction
DependencyInjection
18.WhatisDependencyInjectioninSpring?
DependencyInjection,anaspectofInversionofControl(IoC),isageneralconcept,anditcanbeexpressedinmanydifferentways.This
conceptsaysthatyoudonotcreateyourobjectsbutdescribehowtheyshouldbecreated.Youdontdirectlyconnectyourcomponentsand
servicestogetherincodebutdescribewhichservicesareneededbywhichcomponentsinaconfigurationfile.Acontainer(theIOCcontainer)
isthenresponsibleforhookingitallup.
19.WhatarethedifferenttypesofIoC(dependencyinjection)?
Constructorbaseddependencyinjection:ConstructorbasedDIisaccomplishedwhenthecontainerinvokesaclassconstructorwitha
numberofarguments,eachrepresentingadependencyonotherclass.
Setterbaseddependencyinjection:SetterbasedDIisaccomplishedbythecontainercallingsettermethodsonyourbeansafter
invokinganoargumentconstructorornoargumentstaticfactorymethodtoinstantiateyourbean.
20.WhichDIwouldyousuggestConstructorbasedorsetterbasedDI?
YoucanusebothConstructorbasedandSetterbasedDependencyInjection.Thebestsolutionisusingconstructorargumentsformandatory
dependenciesandsettersforoptionaldependencies.
SpringBeans
21.WhatareSpringbeans?
TheSpringBeansareJavaObjectsthatformthebackboneofaSpringapplication.Theyareinstantiated,assembled,andmanagedbythe
SpringIoCcontainer.Thesebeansarecreatedwiththeconfigurationmetadatathatissuppliedtothecontainer,forexample,intheformof
XML
<bean/>
definitions.
Beansdefinedinspringframeworkaresingletonbeans.Thereisanattributeinbeantagnamed
"singleton"
ifspecifiedtruethenbeanbecomessingletonandifsettofalsethenthebeanbecomesaprototypebean.Bydefaultitissettotrue.So,allthe
beansinspringframeworkarebydefaultsingletonbeans.
22.WhatdoesaSpringBeandefinitioncontain?
ASpringBeandefinitioncontainsallconfigurationmetadatawhichisneededforthecontainertoknowhowtocreateabean,itslifecycle
detailsanditsdependencies.
23.HowdoyouprovideconfigurationmetadatatotheSpringContainer?
TherearethreeimportantmethodstoprovideconfigurationmetadatatotheSpringContainer:
XMLbasedconfigurationfile.
Annotationbasedconfiguration
Javabasedconfiguration
24.Howdoyoudefinethescopeofabean?

Whendefininga
<bean>
inSpring,wecanalsodeclareascopeforthebean.Itcanbedefinedthroughthe
scope
attributeinthebeandefinition.Forexample,whenSpringhastoproduceanewbeaninstanceeachtimeoneisneeded,thebeans
scope
attributetobe
prototype
.Ontheotherhand,whenthesameinstanceofabeanmustbereturnedbySpringeverytimeitisneeded,thethebean
scope
attributemustbesetto
singleton
25.ExplainthebeanscopessupportedbySpring
TherearefivescopedprovidedbytheSpringFrameworksupportsfollowingfivescopes:
Insingletonscope,SpringscopesthebeandefinitiontoasingleinstanceperSpringIoCcontainer.
Inprototypescope,asinglebeandefinitionhasanynumberofobjectinstances.
Inrequestscope,abeanisdefinedtoanHTTPrequest.ThisscopeisvalidonlyinawebawareSpringApplicationContext.
Insessionscope,abeandefinitionisscopedtoanHTTPsession.ThisscopeisalsovalidonlyinawebawareSpringApplicationContext.
Inglobalsessionscope,abeandefinitionisscopedtoaglobalHTTPsession.ThisisalsoacaseusedinawebawareSpring
ApplicationContext.
ThedefaultscopeofaSpringBeanis
Singleton
26.AreSingletonbeansthreadsafeinSpringFramework?
No,singletonbeansarenotthreadsafeinSpringframework.
27.ExplainBeanlifecycleinSpringframework
ThespringcontainerfindsthebeansdefinitionfromtheXMLfileandinstantiatesthebean.
Springpopulatesallofthepropertiesasspecifiedinthebeandefinition(DI).
Ifthebeanimplements
BeanNameAware
interface,springpassesthebeansidto
setBeanName()
method.
IfBeanimplements
BeanFactoryAware
interface,springpassesthe
beanfactory
to
setBeanFactory()
method.
Ifthereareanybean
BeanPostProcessors
associatedwiththebean,Springcalls
postProcesserBeforeInitialization()
method.
Ifthebeanimplements
IntializingBean
,its
afterPropertySet()
methodiscalled.Ifthebeanhasinitmethoddeclaration,thespecifiedinitializationmethodiscalled.
IfthereareanyBeanPostProcessorsassociatedwiththebean,theirpostProcessAfterInitialization()methodswillbecalled.
Ifthebeanimplements
DisposableBean
,itwillcallthe
destroy()
method.
28.Whicharetheimportantbeanslifecyclemethods?Canyouoverride
them?
them?
Therearetwoimportantbeanlifecyclemethods.Thefirstoneis
setup
whichiscalledwhenthebeanisloadedintothecontainer.Thesecondmethodisthe
teardown
methodwhichiscalledwhenthebeanisunloadedfromthecontainer.
The
bean
taghastwoimportantattributes(
init-method
and
destroy-method
)withwhichyoucandefineyourowncustominitializationanddestroymethods.Therearealsothecorrespondiveannotations(
@PostConstruct
and
@PreDestroy
).
29.WhatareinnerbeansinSpring?
Whenabeanisonlyusedasapropertyofanotherbeanitcanbedeclaredasaninnerbean.SpringsXMLbasedconfigurationmetadata
providestheuseof
<bean/>
elementinsidethe
<property/>
or
<constructor-arg/>
elementsofabeandefinition,inordertodefinethesocalledinnerbean.Innerbeansarealwaysanonymousandtheyarealwaysscopedas
prototypes.
30.HowcanyouinjectaJavaCollectioninSpring?
Springoffersthefollowingtypesofcollectionconfigurationelements:
The
<list>

typeisusedforinjectingalistofvalues,inthecasethatduplicatesareallowed.
The
<set>
typeisusedforwiringasetofvaluesbutwithoutanyduplicates.
The
<map>
typeisusedtoinjectacollectionofnamevaluepairswherenameandvaluecanbeofanytype.
The
<props>
typecanbeusedtoinjectacollectionofnamevaluepairswherethenameandvaluearebothStrings.
31.Whatisbeanwiring?
Wiring,orelsebeanwiringisthecasewhenbeansarecombinedtogetherwithintheSpringcontainer.Whenwiringbeans,theSpring
containerneedstoknowwhatbeansareneededandhowthecontainershouldusedependencyinjectiontotiethemtogether.
32.Whatisbeanautowiring?
TheSpringcontainerisabletoautowirerelationshipsbetweencollaboratingbeans.ThismeansthatitispossibletoautomaticallyletSpring
resolvecollaborators(otherbeans)forabeanbyinspectingthecontentsofthe
BeanFactory
withoutusing
<constructor-arg>
and
<property>
elements.
33.Explaindifferentmodesofautowiring?
TheautowiringfunctionalityhasfivemodeswhichcanbeusedtoinstructSpringcontainertouseautowiringfordependencyinjection:
no:Thisisdefaultsetting.Explicitbeanreferenceshouldbeusedforwiring.
byName:Whenautowiring
byName
,theSpringcontainerlooksatthepropertiesofthebeansonwhich
autowire
attributeissetto
byName
intheXMLconfigurationfile.Itthentriestomatchandwireitspropertieswiththebeansdefinedbythesamenamesintheconfiguration
file.
byType:Whenautowiringby
datatype
,theSpringcontainerlooksatthepropertiesofthebeansonwhich
autowire
attributeissetto
byType
intheXMLconfigurationfile.Itthentriestomatchandwireapropertyifitstypematcheswithexactlyoneofthebeansnamein
configurationfile.Ifmorethanonesuchbeansexist,afatalexceptionisthrown.
constructor:Thismodeissimilarto
byType
,buttypeappliestoconstructorarguments.Ifthereisnotexactlyonebeanoftheconstructorargumenttypeinthecontainer,afatalerror
israised.
autodetect:Springfirsttriestowireusingautowirebyconstructor,ifitdoesnotwork,Springtriestoautowireby
byType
34.Aretherelimitationswithautowiring?
Limitationsofautowiringare:
Overriding:Youcanstillspecifydependenciesusing
<constructor-arg>
and
<property>
settingswhichwillalwaysoverrideautowiring.
Primitivedatatypes:Youcannotautowiresimplepropertiessuchasprimitives,Strings,andClasses.
Confusingnature:Autowiringislessexactthanexplicitwiring,soifpossiblepreferusingexplicitwiring.
35.CanyouinjectnullandemptystringvaluesinSpring?
Yes,youcan.
SpringAnnotations
36.WhatisSpringJavaBasedConfiguration?Givesomeannotation
example.
JavabasedconfigurationoptionenablesyoutowritemostofyourSpringconfigurationwithoutXMLbutwiththehelpoffewJavabased
annotations.
Anexampleisthe
@Configuration
annotation,thatindicatesthattheclasscanbeusedbytheSpringIoCcontainerasasourceofbeandefinitions.Anotherexampleisthe
annotation,thatindicatesthattheclasscanbeusedbytheSpringIoCcontainerasasourceofbeandefinitions.Anotherexampleisthe
@Bean
annotatedmethodthatwillreturnanobjectthatshouldberegisteredasabeanintheSpringapplicationcontext.
37.WhatisAnnotationbasedcontainerconfiguration?
AnalternativetoXMLsetupsisprovidedbyannotationbasedconfigurationwhichreliesonthebytecodemetadataforwiringupcomponents
insteadofanglebracketdeclarations.InsteadofusingXMLtodescribeabeanwiring,thedevelopermovestheconfigurationintothe
componentclassitselfbyusingannotationsontherelevantclass,method,orfielddeclaration.
38.Howdoyouturnonannotationwiring?
AnnotationwiringisnotturnedonintheSpringcontainerbydefault.InordertouseannotationbasedwiringwemustenableitinourSpring
configurationfilebyconfiguring
<context:annotation-config/>
element.
39.@Requiredannotation
Thisannotationsimplyindicatesthattheaffectedbeanpropertymustbepopulatedatconfigurationtime,throughanexplicitpropertyvalueina
beandefinitionorthroughautowiring.Thecontainerthrows
BeanInitializationException
iftheaffectedbeanpropertyhasnotbeenpopulated.
40.@Autowiredannotation
The
@Autowired
annotationprovidesmorefinegrainedcontroloverwhereandhowautowiringshouldbeaccomplished.Itcanbeusedtoautowirebeanonthe
settermethodjustlike
@Required
annotation,ontheconstructor,onapropertyorpnmethodswitharbitrarynamesand/ormultiplearguments.
41.@Qualifierannotation
Whentherearemorethanonebeansofthesametypeandonlyoneisneededtobewiredwithaproperty,the
@Qualifier
annotationisusedalongwith
@Autowired
annotationtoremovetheconfusionbyspecifyingwhichexactbeanwillbewired.
SpringDataAccess
42.HowcanJDBCbeusedmoreefficientlyintheSpringframework?
WhenusingtheSpringJDBCframeworktheburdenofresourcemanagementanderrorhandlingisreduced.Sodevelopersonlyneedtowrite
thestatementsandqueriestogetthedatatoandfromthedatabase.JDBCcanbeusedmoreefficientlywiththehelpofatemplateclass
providedbySpringframework,whichisthe
JdbcTemplate
(examplehere).
43.JdbcTemplate
JdbcTemplate
classprovidesmanyconveniencemethodsfordoingthingssuchasconvertingdatabasedataintoprimitivesorobjects,executingpreparedand
callablestatements,andprovidingcustomdatabaseerrorhandling.
44.SpringDAOsupport
TheDataAccessObject(DAO)supportinSpringisaimedatmakingiteasytoworkwithdataaccesstechnologieslikeJDBC,HibernateorJDO
inaconsistentway.Thisallowsustoswitchbetweenthepersistencetechnologiesfairlyeasilyandtocodewithoutworryingaboutcatching
exceptionsthatarespecifictoeachtechnology.
45.WhatarethewaystoaccessHibernatebyusingSpring?
TherearetwowaystoaccessHibernatewithSpring:
InversionofControlwithaHibernateTemplateandCallback.
Extending
HibernateDAOSupport
andApplyinganAOPInterceptornode.
46.ORMsSpringsupport
SpringsupportsthefollowingORMs:
Hibernate
iBatis
JPA(JavaPersistenceAPI)
TopLink
JDO(JavaDataObjects)
OJB
47.HowcanweintegrateSpringandHibernateusing
HibernateDaoSupport?
UseSprings
SessionFactory
called

LocalSessionFactory
.Theintegrationprocessisof3steps:
ConfiguretheHibernateSessionFactory
ExtendaDAOImplementationfrom
HibernateDaoSupport
WireinTransactionSupportwithAOP
48.TypesofthetransactionmanagementSpringsupport
Springsupportstwotypesoftransactionmanagement:
Programmatictransactionmanagement:Thismeansthatyouhavemanagedthetransactionwiththehelpofprogramming.Thatgives
youextremeflexibility,butitisdifficulttomaintain.
Declarativetransactionmanagement:Thismeansyouseparatetransactionmanagementfromthebusinesscode.Youonlyuse
annotationsorXMLbasedconfigurationtomanagethetransactions.
49.WhatarethebenefitsoftheSpringFrameworkstransaction
management?
ItprovidesaconsistentprogrammingmodelacrossdifferenttransactionAPIssuchasJTA,JDBC,Hibernate,JPA,andJDO.
ItprovidesasimplerAPIforprogrammatictransactionmanagementthananumberofcomplextransactionAPIssuchasJTA.
Itsupportsdeclarativetransactionmanagement.
ItintegratesverywellwithSpringsvariousdataaccessabstractions.
50.WhichTransactionmanagementtypeismorepreferable?
MostusersoftheSpringFrameworkchoosedeclarativetransactionmanagementbecauseitistheoptionwiththeleastimpactonapplication
code,andhenceismostconsistentwiththeidealsofanoninvasivelightweightcontainer.Declarativetransactionmanagementispreferable
overprogrammatictransactionmanagementthoughitislessflexiblethanprogrammatictransactionmanagement,whichallowsyoutocontrol
transactionsthroughyourcode.
SpringAspectOrientedProgramming(AOP)
51.ExplainAOP
Aspectorientedprogramming,orAOP,isaprogrammingtechniquethatallowsprogrammerstomodularizecrosscuttingconcerns,orbehavior
thatcutsacrossthetypicaldivisionsofresponsibility,suchasloggingandtransactionmanagement.
52.Aspect
ThecoreconstructofAOPistheaspect,whichencapsulatesbehaviorsaffectingmultipleclassesintoreusablemodules.Itiaamodulewhich
hasasetofAPIsprovidingcrosscuttingrequirements.Forexample,aloggingmodulewouldbecalledAOPaspectforlogging.Anapplication
canhaveanynumberofaspectsdependingontherequirement.InSpringAOP,aspectsareimplementedusingregularclassesannotatedwith
the
@Aspect
annotation(
@AspectJ
style).
53.Whatisthedifferencebetweenconcernandcrosscuttingconcernin
SpringAOP
TheConcernisbehaviorwewanttohaveinamoduleofanapplication.AConcernmaybedefinedasafunctionalitywewanttoimplement.
Thecrosscuttingconcernisaconcernwhichisapplicablethroughouttheapplicationanditaffectstheentireapplication.Forexample,logging,
securityanddatatransferaretheconcernswhichareneededinalmosteverymoduleofanapplication,hencetheyarecrosscuttingconcerns.
54.Joinpoint
ThejoinpointrepresentsapointinanapplicationwherewecanpluginanAOPaspect.Itistheactualplaceintheapplicationwhereanaction
willbetakenusingSpringAOPframework.

55.Advice
Theadviceistheactualactionthatwillbetakeneitherbeforeorafterthemethodexecution.Thisisactualpieceofcodethatisinvokedduring
theprogramexecutionbytheSpringAOPframework.
Springaspectscanworkwithfivekindsofadvice:
before:Runadvicebeforetheamethodexecution.
after:Runadviceaftertheamethodexecutionregardlessofitsoutcome.
afterreturning:Runadviceaftertheamethodexecutiononlyifmethodcompletessuccessfully.
afterthrowing:Runadviceaftertheamethodexecutiononlyifmethodexitsbythrowinganexception.
around:Runadvicebeforeandaftertheadvisedmethodisinvoked.
56.Pointcut
Thepointcutisasetofoneormorejoinpointswhereanadviceshouldbeexecuted.Youcanspecifypointcutsusingexpressionsorpatterns.
57.WhatisIntroduction?
AnIntroductionallowsustoaddnewmethodsorattributestoexistingclasses.
58.WhatisTargetobject?
Thetargetobjectisanobjectbeingadvisedbyoneormoreaspects.Itwillalwaysbeaproxyobject.Itisalsoreferredtoastheadvised
object.
59.WhatisaProxy?
Aproxyisanobjectthatiscreatedafterapplyingadvicetoatargetobject.Whenyouthinkofclientobjectsthetargetobjectandtheproxy
objectarethesame.
60.WhatarethedifferenttypesofAutoProxying?
BeanNameAutoProxyCreator
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
Metadataautoproxying
61.WhatisWeaving?Whatarethedifferentpointswhereweavingcanbe
applied?
Weavingistheprocessoflinkingaspectswithotherapplicationtypesorobjectstocreateanadvisedobject.
Weavingcanbedoneatcompiletime,atloadtime,oratruntime.
62.ExplainXMLSchemabasedaspectimplementation?
Inthisimplementationcase,aspectsareimplementedusingregularclassesalongwithXMLbasedconfiguration.
63.Explainannotationbased(@AspectJbased)aspectimplementation
Thisimplementationcase(
@AspectJ
basedimplementation)referstoastyleofdeclaringaspectsasregularJavaclassesannotatedwithJava5annotations.
SpringModelViewController(MVC)
64.WhatisSpringMVCframework?
SpringcomeswithafullfeaturedMVCframeworkforbuildingwebapplications.AlthoughSpringcaneasilybeintegratedwithotherMVC
frameworks,suchasStruts,SpringsMVCframeworkusesIoCtoprovideacleanseparationofcontrollerlogicfrombusinessobjects.Italso
allowstodeclarativelybindrequestparameterstobusinessobjects.
65.DispatcherServlet
TheSpringWebMVCframeworkisdesignedarounda
DispatcherServlet

thathandlesalltheHTTPrequestsandresponses.
66.WebApplicationContext
The
WebApplicationContext
isanextensionoftheplain
ApplicationContext
thathassomeextrafeaturesnecessaryforwebapplications.Itdiffersfromanormal
ApplicationContext
inthatitiscapableofresolvingthemes,andthatitknowswhichservletitisassociatedwith.
67.WhatisControllerinSpringMVCframework?
Controllersprovideaccesstotheapplicationbehaviorthatyoutypicallydefinethroughaserviceinterface.Controllersinterpretuserinputand
transformitintoamodelthatisrepresentedtotheuserbytheview.Springimplementsacontrollerinaveryabstractway,whichenablesyou
tocreateawidevarietyofcontrollers.
68.@Controllerannotation
The
@Controller
annotationindicatesthataparticularclassservestheroleofacontroller.Springdoesnotrequireyoutoextendanycontrollerbaseclassor
referencetheServletAPI.
69.@RequestMappingannotation
@RequestMapping
annotationisusedtomapaURLtoeitheranentireclassoraparticularhandlermethod.
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15 COMMENTS
Nachiketasahoo
August27th,2014at12:29pm
howtogetthesetwobookfree
Reply
BiswaranjanSahoo
September17th,2014at12:04pm
nothingisfree.
Reply
BiswaranjanSahoo
September17th,2014at12:04pm
goodfollowup.BetterYouaddmorequestionandanswerhere.
Reply
RanceMoest
October11th,2014at9:17pm
Ifanyinterviewerstartsinwithlistslikethis,Igetupandleave.Andthensendthemabillforwastingmytime.
Reply
PeterK.
October23rd,2014at11:17pm
Ishouldsendyouabillforreadingyouremail,realizingthatitisirrelevant
Reply
PeterK.
October23rd,2014at11:18pm
Greatcheatsheetbtw
Reply
Ram
January20th,2015at9:15am
Niceone.Goodforpreparation.Andbeginnerscanunderstandwhatitis.
Reply
gamai
February9th,2015at2:36pm
PleaseincludeinformationabouttheversionofSpringtheseanswersarefor:XmlBeanFactoryisdeprecatedsincev.3.1,thereisnowa
thirdDImethodie.usingproperty,etc.
Reply
Veer
February9th,2015at3:53pm
ithinkquestionsobasicsoprovidemoredeplyquestionandanswer..
Reply
quovadis
May15th,2015at3:27am
likegamaisaid,thisarticlecontainslotofdeprecatedoroldfashionedmaterial.
Overallitisusefulnodoubt,butpleaseclarifywhensayingdontuseautowiringasitisconfusingthatyoumeantXMLAutowiring,not
@Autowiring,andalsothedifferenttypesofautowiringapplyagainonlytoXMLbased..confusedtheheckoutofme.
Reply
Vivan
May21st,2015at8:46pm
Goodknowledgeofbeginner..sopostmoreandmorequestionandanswers.!!Andimproveyourknowledge..!!
Reply
Mudassir
July13th,2015at6:46pm
Amazingarticle.
ThoughIhaveusedandknowallofthethingsmentionedbutyouhavecollectedtheminthisarticleverybeautifully.
Itsdefinitelyamustread.
Wouldbeniceifyoucanaddsomearchitecturaldiagramsfornewbies.
Thankyou
Reply
Amit
October9th,2015at8:42pm
Nicearticle.
Foundsomeexampleson
http://modernpathshala.com/Article/1024/topspringinterviewquestionsandanswerspart1
Pleaseaddsomemoreexamples.
Reply
Sandy
December1st,2015at9:35am
Goodstuff.Thesearenotbasicquestions,butthefundamentalonesthatareveryimportanttoknowespeciallyforexperienced
professionals,andnotonlyforbeginners.Iamsurepeoplefinditahardtimewhenitcomestodefinesomethingtheyarealready
working:).
Reply
Chandan
June28th,2016at11:54am
IfIknowallanswersmeansIcangetjobeasily.Thisquestionsandanswersenoughtogetajob
Reply
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