S5 Second Test 1617

Question a
The local government and local
residents are stakeholders in the
conservation of tulous in China.
What conflicts arise between these
stakeholders? Explain your answer.
(8 marks)
 Reminder (1) Layout
1. Identify the conflict clearly and
specifically.
(Conflict over what area / issue /
concern?)
2. Evidence from source
Conflict
3. The governments view results
from their
4. Residents view different
views
 Conflict (1)
Over the use of tulous
 Local governments view:
With the exception of the Protected
Buildings, the rest were
intentionally created to attract
tourists.
Tourism development can bring in
fame and economic benefits to the
local government and local residents.
 Local residents view:
Tulous were not conserved in their
original and natural way, which do
not reflect the real use of tulous.
The purpose of cultural preservation
is undermined.
 Conflict (2) Over relocation
and compensation of residents
 Local governments view:
In order to preserve tulous and make
tourism flourish, it is inevitable for
local residents to make small
sacrifices.
 Local residents view:
Local residents were being kicked
out from their own home for the sake
of tourism development without
proper relocation and probably
compensation.
It is ridiculous as they were the
reason for conservation, yet they
were being sacrificed at the end.
Conflict (3) Over the development
of the community and surrounding
 Local governments view:
In order to develop tourism and
boost local economy, most
developments should center around
tourism.
All local residents can benefit from a
rise of income.
 Local residents view:
All developments are centered
around tourists without catering for
the needs (housing needs) of local
residents, intensifying social
discontent and conflicts.
 Conflict (4) Over the
distribution of income
 Local governments view:
The Hakka Tulou Tourism
Development Company, which
represents the government's interests,
claims that without its investment
and advertising, the village would
never attract so many visitors.
 Local residents view:
As hosts of the tulous scenic
resources, villagers believe they can
play an essential role.
They should be paid more as they
are the reason for cultural
preservation.
 Reminder (2) Conflict
A conflict involves disagreement /
dispute between at least two groups.
You must mention the views of the
two groups (i.e. the government and
residents) to show the conflict.
The governments Residents
view
VS. view

Conflicts !!!

Youcannot just focus on one view

and completely ignore the other.
 Reminder (3)
Distrust is NOT a conflict
Distrust is the outcome of a conflict.
Distrust itself is not a conflict.
 Reminder (4)
Irrelevancy Corruption
This question has nothing to do with
corruption as the source has no
indication on this whatsoever.
You cannot assume there is
corruption when villagers do not
receive a lot of income.
 Reminder (5)
Irrelevancy Pollution
This question is not about any
possible problems arising from the
project.
It is about conflict and the conflict is
related to the source.
The source gives no indication of any
conflict related to environmental
issues.
 You cannot assume that ALL
residents care a lot about the
environment while the government
does not care at all.
Making these casual assumptions
with no evidence will not lead you
anywhere.
 Question b
Explain the impact of the conflicts
between the local government and
local residents on local governance.
(4 marks)
 Conflicts over
the use of tulous
relocation and compensation of
residents
the development of the community /
surrounding
the distribution of income
 Impact (1) Tension >
Difficult to implement policies
Local residents believe that the
government is not on their side but
only focuses on tourism.
There will be growing tension,
distrust and hostility.
 If it persists, local residents will not
support the authorities and may
refuse to follow the governments
orders / instructions.
It is difficult for the government to
rally support and implement policies
in the future, leading to a weak
government with low legitimacy.
 Impact (2) Hostility >
Resort to radical means
Iflocal residents do not regard the
government to be on their side, they
will not seek help from it if future
conflicts arise.
Instead, they may resort to radical
means to raise public awareness and
give pressure to the government to
give in.
 Confrontations and clashes may
become more common, putting public
order and social stability at risk.
Radical actions may intensify social
discontent and social division,
disrupting social harmony.
 Reminder (1) Irrelevancy
This question is about local
governance, NOT about the economy
or any negative impacts of the
conflicts.
Just focus on governance.
 Reminder (2) Too repetitive
Some students simply repeated the
conflicts from the source without
explaining and elaborating on how
governance is affected.
Some students kept on repeating
words with similar meanings such as
distrust, lack of trust, lacks
credibility without directly / clearly
explaining how governance is affected.