VMware vSphere

Managing and Optimizing VMware vSphere

Deployments
Sean Crookston
Harley Stagner

CIP
VMware vSphere /Crookston, S. Stagner, H.
2013.6

Managing and Optimizing VMware vSphere Deployments

ISBN 978-7-111-42543-4

I. VII. III. IV. TP338

CIP 2013 103378

01-2012-8017
VMware vSphere VMware

vSphere
VMware
6 1 2
vSphere
3 vSphere
4 vSphere
5
6

Authorized translation from the English language edition, entitled MANAGING AND OPTIMIZING
VMWARE VSPHERE DEPLOYMENTS, 1E, 9780321820471 by CROOKSTON, SEAN; STAGNER, HARLEY,
published by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as VMware Press, Copyright 2013.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage retrieval system,
without permission from Pearson Education, Inc.
CHINESE SIMPLIFIED language edition published by PEARSON EDUCATION ASIA LTD., and CHINA
MACHINE PRESS Copyright 2013.

Pearson Education

Pearson Education

22 100037

2013 6 1 1
186mm240 mm12
ISBN 978-7-111-42543-4
59.00

0108837899188361066
01088379604

010683262948837964968995259 hzjsj@hzbook.com


VMware VMware

VMware
KB HA
Duncan Epping HA Deepdive
VMware
VMware
URL VMware

VMware vSphere

vSphere vSphere
vSphere

VMware
vSphere

VMware vSphere
vSpherevCenter OperationsVMware Data RecoveryVMware ViewVMware Site
Recovery Manager Cisco Nexus 1000v

2
vSphere

3
vSphere

4
vSphere

5 100%
100%

URL

www.seancrookston.com/publications
www.harleystagner.com/publications

VMware /Pearson
Russell Pope Glenn Drawdy
TBL Networks


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Data Recovery / 74
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3.3.3OEMWindows / 84
3.3.4SQLExchange / 84
3.3.5Linux / 85
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Update Manager / 86
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 1

1.1

1.2
2 VMware vSphere

1.1
IT
IT

vSphere

vSphere

1.1.1

capacity planning

Hypervisor

 1 3

Open Virtualization Appliance
OVAOpen Virtualization FormatOVF
virtual appliance

2
CPU

CPU 3 056MHz
4GB
615GB

CPU 17%
31%
4 VMware vSphere

19%
1%

CPU 2079MHz vCPU
1.24GB 1.5GB
116.85GB
1% 1Gbps
3
Windows Linux CPU
I/O I/O

VMware Capacity Planner
VMware VMware
VMware VMware
Capacity Planner

VMware Capacity Planner Windows Linux
data collector
Windows remote registry wmi/perfmon
Linux Secure ShellSSH

CPU 95%
1500MHz 1425MHz

 1 5

CPUMHz
CPU
CPU
MB


CPU CPU
CPU CPU
CPU MHz
MB

CPU
CPU MHz CPU CPU
MHz
CPU % CPU MHz
CPU MHz
CPU MHz CPU
MHz
CPU

3 103MHz 4 = 12 412MHz
12 412MHz 16.00% = 1 985.92MHz
1001 985.92MHz = 198 592MHz
198 592MHz

MB %=
MB
MB
MB
6 VMware vSphere

vSphere Transparent Page SharingTPS

TPS 33%

4 363MB 55.00% 2 399.65MB

1002 399.65MB 239 965MB
239 965MB

CPU
CPU CPU
MHz = MHz
CPU % MHz = CPU
MHz

CPU

210 = 20
2 400MHz 20= 48 000MHz
80%48 000MHz = 38 400MHz
CPU 38 400MHz

MB %

131 072MB80% = 104 857.6MB

104 857.6MB

 20%
VMware HA DRS

 1 7

CPU
CPU MHz/ CPUMHz= CPU

CPU + 1 = N+1 CPU

CPU

198 592MHz / 38 400MHz = 5.171 666 667 6

6+1=7
N+1 CPU 7

MB/ MB=

+ 1 = N+1

239 965MB / 104 857.6MB = 2.288 484 573 3

3+1 = 4
N+1 4

CPU N+1 7
N+1 4
N+1 7

 CPU CPU

5

8 VMware vSphere

1.1
vSphere 8~10
vSphere

LAN LAN

ESX1

ESX2

ESX3

ESX4
SAN SAN

SAN

1.1

1.2
VMkernel
vMotionVMkernel
VMkernel
VMkernel

1.2
 1 9

10
24 v S p h e r e


1.3 FCoE

FCoEFibre Channel over Ethernet FCFibre Channel

FC

VMkernel: VLAN 130

vmnic0
VLAN 130
VM vmnic1

VM 170 VLAN 170 vmnic2 ESX1

vmnic3
VM 180 VLAN 180

ESX2
VMkernel:
VLAN 30
IP vmnic4
VMkernel: vmnic5
VLAN 160 ESX3
vMotion
vmnic6

vmnic7
VMkernel:
VLAN 150
vSwitch0 ESX4
SAN/LAN Switch SAN/LAN Switch
vmnic8

vmnic9

ESX/ESXi
SAN LAN

1.2 1.3
10 VMware vSphere

vSphere
vSwitch
VMkernel: VLAN 130
port group

1.4 VLAN 130
VM

1.5
Cisco Unified Computing SystemUCS VM 170 VLAN 170

VM 180 VLAN 180 vmnic0

UCS 6100 fabric interconnect

VMkernel:
IP VLAN 30 vmnic1
1.5 Blade Mgmt
VMkernel:
VLAN 160
vMotion
6100
20GB 6100
VMkernel:
VLAN 150
fabric interconnect vSwitch0

40GB
4 ESX/ESXi

1.4

6100 fabric interconnect

vShpere

 1 11

UCS B Series

UCS B Series

UCS UCS
6100 - 1 6100 - 2
Blade Mgmt Blade Mgmt

LAN SAN

LAN SAN

LAN SAN

1.5

1.1.2

3TB

SQLOracle Exchange

SQL

Virtual Infrastructure 3
12 VMware vSphere

VMware EMC
vSphere 5 100 I/O
30 I/O I/O
5000 15 000

CPU
CPU
CPU

Host Bus AdapterHBA

IOPS MBps

cache

IOPS MBpsIOPS
I/O IOPS
MBps

IOPS I/O
KBps MBps
KBps MBps
VMware VMware
Capacity Planner

IOPS
 1 13

7200RPM SATA NL-SAS90IOPS

15K RPM FC SCSISAS180IOPS
SSD2500

15 000IOPS RAID5 RAID5 4

15 000IOPS
340 000KBps
100 000KBps
15K SAS RAID5
(( %+(4 %)) IPOS) / IOPS =
340 000KBps + 100 000KBps=440 000 KBps
340 000KBps/440 000KBps 77.27%
100 000KBps/440 000KBps 22.72%
((77.27% + (422.72%))15 000/ 180 = 140.125
RAID5 141
RAID1 RAID1

RAID1

((77.27% + (222.72%))15 000/ 180 = 102.258

RAID1 103

SSD ?

SSD

((77.27% + (422.72%))15 000/ 2500 = 10.089

RAID5 11
((77.27% + (222.72%))15 000/ 2500 = 7.362 6
RAID1 8

SAS 15K SSD

SSD GB
/
virtual storage pool
LUN
14 VMware vSphere

RAID RAID
Logical Unit NumberLUN
1.6

RAID RAID RAID

LUN LUN LUN

1.6

1 IOPS
2 IOPS
3 RAID
4 RAID LUN
5 LUN

15 000 IOPS 141 15K SAS RAID5
11 SSD RAID5

RAID5 141 15K SAS RAID1

38 SSD RAID5 11
11
RAID
LUN Sub-LUN Tiering
 1 15

RAID
FLASH

LUN
LUN
LUN
15K SAS

LUN

SSD

SSD IOPS SATA

LUN

LUN LUN LUN

1.7 1.7

1.1.3


4

16 VMware vSphere

firmware



SNMPCIM

1.1.4

1.

1stakeholder
2
3

5
6
 1 17

2.

1.1

1.1

FCiSCSINFS CIFS
unified storage solution

Windows

18 VMware vSphere

2
vSphere


vSphere

vSphere 5 HAvMotion
Distributed Resource SchedulerDRS

vSphere HA
vSphere HA HA/DRS vSphere
HA
admission control policy HA
vSphere

HA
slot CPU
HA


CPU





 1 19

CPU
N+1


CPU

CPU48GHz
128GB
N+1

/ 100 =

(1/5)100=0.2100 = 20
20%

CPU

CPU = CPU
CPU CPU = CPU
CPU CPU = CPU

=
=
=

20 VMware vSphere

CPU

48GHz5 = 240GHz
240GHz20% = 48GHz
240GHz 48GHz = 192GHz
CPU 192GHz

128GB5 = 640GB
640GB20% = 128GB
640GB 128GB = 512GB
512GB

HA

VMware Tools
VMware Tools heartbeat HA
VMware Tools


VMware Tools
120s
120s

vSphere Client 5.0

 1 21

API API

API

datastore heartbeating

vSphere HA /
HA

host-<number>-hb


vCenter

 Converged Network
AdapterCNA
CNA


1Datastore Heartbeating
Select Only From My Preferred Datastores

2 das.ignoreInsufficientHbDatastore
0

The number of vShpere HA heartbeat datastore for this host is 0, which is
less than required:2

heartbeat vSphere Client

vSphere Client

22 VMware vSphere

vMotion
vMotion vMotion
vMkernel vMotion vMotion

vMotion
vMotion vMotion
/ active/standby 1.8

1.8 /

vMotion vSphere I/O

Network I/O ControlNIOC / QoS vMotion

4 vMotion 8

vSphere 5 vMotion vMotion

vMotion vMotion
vMotion
 1 23

vMotion
vMotion
1 vMkernel vMotion
2failover order vMkernel
active adapter

vMotion standby
adapter
3 vMkernel
vMotion
4 vMkernel

vMotion

vMotion vMotion
16 4
1.9
vMotion vMkernel 1.9 vMotion vmkernel

vMotion vMotion vMotion 8GB

vMotion
VM vSphere
distributed vSwtich NIOC
shares
vMotioniSCSIFTVM vSphere

24 VMware vSphere

ESXi 10 ESXi 10
ESXi
traffic policing QoS QoS shaping QoS
QoS

2GB vMotion vMotion
2GB
QoS vMotion
VM QoS
vMotion QoS
vMotion vMotion
8GB
QoS

QoS vMotion
ESXi
2GB ESXi
2GB vMotion 4 vMotion ESXi
QoS 8 vMotion
ESXi

DRS

DRSDRS 3
vCenter
vCenter

DRS DRS

DRS VMware
 1 25

DRS / DRS

DRS
/

Web

/ /
vSphere 4.1 DRS
/ 3



4




HA
vSphere HA
DRS
DRS




26 VMware vSphere

/
/

vCenter
vCenter

 N+1
N+1

DRS
DRS vSphere 5
DRS DRS
DRS DRS

I/O

DRS datastore cluster vSphere 5
DRS
NFS VMFS DRS




DRS
vMotion

(administrative overhead)

 1 27

DRS
I/O I/O I/O
DRS vMotion
I/O
I/O
I/O DRS
I/O

DRS DRS

DRS




DRS

I/O
DRS
DRS
DRS
DRS I/O

DRS I/O

DRS I/O

DRS

DRS
DRS
28 VMware vSphere

vStorage APIvStorage API for Array
IntergrationVAAI VAAI
VAAI

DRS I/O
DRS
DRS LUN DRS
LUN
DRS

DRS

I/O
SSD
I/O
DRS

SSD
DRS vMotion



DRS I/O
I/O

DRSI/O
 1 29

DRS I/O
DRS 15 5 10
I/O

SSDSAS SATA
DRS I/O
SATA SSD DRS
I/O
DRS
DRS
DRS I/O

VMware

Service Level AgreementSLA

VMware
DRS DRS
vSphere 5 DRS

vSphere 5

1.10
system storage capability
30 VMware vSphere

1.10

SLA
RAID10

1 vSphere vSphere
2 vSphere
RAID10

3vSphere VMFS01-RAID10-
REP
4vSphere

5vSphere

 1 31

vMotion

1 vSphere vSphere
2 vSphere
RAID10

3 vStorage APIvStorage APIs for Array AwarenessVASA

VASA
RAID10: Replicated
4vSphere
Database
RAID10:Replicated
5 vSphere Database
RAID10
6

vSphere
vCenter

1.2

32 VMware vSphere

vSphere DRS

vSphere

2
 2

.1

.2

.3

.4
34 VMware vSphere

1
1

2.1
design blueprint
functional requirement

vSphere

2.1.1







 2 35

2.1.2

2.1.3

36 VMware vSphere

TCO

2.1.4
constraint

12 vSphere

 2 37

10/100MB

vMotion IP
vMotion

NFS IP IP
vMotion

vSphere

vSphere vSphere Maitenance
mode vMotion

38 VMware vSphere

vSphere

2.1.5

2.1.6
vSphere
 2 39

Windows Server 2008

Windows

150

11

UPS

UPS

UPS
UPS
UPS
UPS vSphere

40 VMware vSphere

vSphere

2.1.7

1.
vSphere

Hyper-V Proof of Concept

Capacity Planner

Capacity Planner : VMWare

 2 41

vSphere

100
100
CPU
CPU

IT

100 CPU
100
100
CPU
CPU
IOPS

100 Capacity Planner

42 VMware vSphere

Microsoft Cluster ServicesMSCS
vMotion

MSCS
RAW Device MappingRDM LUN

 2 43

Recovery Time Object,RTO MSCS

VMware high availability
RTO Fault Tolerance

Windows
MSCS

MSCS
vSphere

vSphere
vSphere

2.

Windows
vSphere

vSphere

vSphere

44 VMware vSphere

2.2

vSphere

2.2.1PowerCLI
PowerCLI Windows PowerShell snap-in vSphere
PowerCLI
vSphere
PowerShell vSphere
VMware
PowerShell PowerShell
PowerCLI

2.2.2
host profile vCenter vSphere
vSphere
Enterprise Plus

 2 45

alert

scheduled task

alarm
vCenterdatacenterclusterhost

Alarm Settings, Alarm Type:Hosts, Monitor for Specific Events, Triggers:Host Profile
Applied, Host Compliant with Profile, Host Noncompliant with Profile
vCenter

Alarm Settings, Alarm Type:Clusters, Monitor for Specific Events, Triggers:Check
Cluster for Compliance

vSphere 60
Enterprise Plus



46 VMware vSphere

2.2.3
vSphere 5 auto deploy server
vSphere
vSphere
Update Manager

Image Builder

Enterprise Plus

DHCPPXETFTP PowerCLI 2.1 VMware
vSphere 5
DHCP scope

PowerCLI

Image

profiles

Web

VIB

ESXi HTTP /VIB

VIB
PXE

2.1

Windows DHCP 66 67 2.2

66 TFTP 67 undionly.
 2 47

kpxe.vmw-hardwired

2.2 Windows DHCP

Cisco DHCP Cisco

Next-Server TFTP bootfile
undionly.kpxe.vmw-hardwired
Router(config)# ip dhcp pool My-Pool
Router(dhcp-config)# next-server 192.168.1.44
Router(dhcp-config)# bootfile undionly.kpxe.vmw-hardwired

vCenter fling
vMware
TFTP vCenter 5 TFTP

Solarwinds TFTP
TFTP Windows
Solarwinds Windows

vSphere

pattern defined

vMotion Enhanced vMotion CapabilityEVC
EVC
vSphere

48 VMware vSphere

2.2.4vCenter Orchestrator
vCenter Orchestrator vCenter
vCenter Orchestrator workflow

vCloud Director vCloud Director

2.3
vCenter Orchestrator

vCenter Orchestrator
Web

vCenter VI3 WMI XML SSH JDBC SMTP

vCenter Orchestrator

VMware Visio

2.3vCenter Orchestrator

vCenter Orchestrator vCenter

vCenter
vCenter Orchestrator
VMware Cody Bunch Automating vSphere with VMware vCenter
Orchestrator

2.3
vSphere