Name

18.05 Exam 2
No books or calculators. You may have one 46 notecard with any information you like on it.
7 problems, 7 pages
Use the back side of each page if you need more space.
Simplifying expressions: You dont need to simplify complicated expressions. For ex
1 2 1 2 20!
ample, you can leave + exactly as is. Likewise for expressions like .
4 3 3 5 18!2!
The z, t and 2 tables are at the end of the exam if you need them.

Problem 1. (10 pts: 4,2,2,2) Concept questions

No explanation needed.
(a) A certain august journal publishes psychological research. They will only publish results
that are statistically signicant when tested at a signicance level of 0.05.
Could all of their published results be true? Yes No

Could all of their published results be false? Yes No

(b) True or false: Setting the prior probability of a hypothesis to 0 means that no amount of
data will make the posterior probability of that hypothesis the maximum over all hypotheses.

True False

(c) A researcher collected data that t the criteria for a two-sided Z-test.
He set the signicance level at 0.05. He ran 80 trials and got a z-value of
1.7. This gave a p-value of 0.0892, so he could not reject the null hypothesis.
Convinced that his alternative hypothesis was correct he ran 80 more trials. Scores
The combined data from the 160 trials now had a z-value of 2.1. He wrote
a paper carefully describing his experiments and submitted it to the journal 1.
in part (a).
2.
Will the journal publish his results? Yes No 3.

4.
(d) Let be the probability of heads for a bent coin. Suppose your prior
f () is Beta(6, 8). Also suppose you ip the coin 7 times, getting 2 heads 5.
and 5 tails. What is the posterior pdf f (|x)? 6.

7.

18.05 Exam 2 2

Problem 2. (10 pts)

The Pareto distribution with parameter has range [1, ) and pdf

f (x) =
x

Suppose the data

5, 2, 3
was drawn independently from such a distribution. Find the maximum likelihood estimate
(MLE) of .
18.05 Exam 2 3

Problem 3. (25: 10,5,5,5) Your friend grabs a die at random from a drawer containing
two 4-sided dice, one 8-sided die, and one 12-sided die. She rolls the die once and reports
that the result is 5.
(a) Make a discrete Bayes table showing the prior, likelihood, and posterior for the type of
die rolled given the data.
(b) What is the prior predictive probability of rolling a 5?
(c) What are your posterior odds that the die has 12 sides?
(d) Given the data of the rst roll, what is your probability that the next roll will be a 7?
18.05 Exam 2 4

Problem 4. (15 pts)

Everyone knows that giraes are tall, but how much do they weigh? Lets suppose that the

weight of male giraes is normally distributed with mean 1200 kg and standard deviation

200 kg.

I volunteered at the zoo and was given the task of weighing their male girae Beau. Now

weighing a girae is not easy and the process produces random errors following a N(0, 1002 )

distribution. To compensate for the inaccuracy of the scale I weighed Beau three times and

got the following measurements:

1250 kg, 1300 kg, 1350 kg .

What is the posterior expected value of Beaus weight?
18.05 Exam 2 5

Problem 5. (10 pts: 4,3,3)

Data is drawn from a binomial(5, ) distribution, where is unknown. Here is the table of

probabilities p(x | ) for 3 values of :

x 0 1 2 3 4 5
= 0.5 0.031 0.156 0.313 0.313 0.156 0.031
= 0.6 0.010 0.077 0.230 0.346 0.259 0.078
= 0.8 0.000 0.006 0.051 0.205 0.410 0.328
You want to run a signicance test on the value of . You have the following:

Null hypothesis: = 0.5.

Alternate hypotheses: > 0.5.

Signicance level: = .1.

(a) Find the rejection region.

(b) Compute the power of the test for each of the two hypotheses = 0.6 and = 0.8.
(c) Suppose you run an experiment and the data gives x = 4. Compute the p-value of this
data.
18.05 Exam 2 6

Problem 6. (15 pts: 5,5,5)

You have data drawn from a normal distribution with a known variance of 16. You set up

the following NHST:

H0 : data follows a N (2, 42 )

HA : data follows a N (, 42 ) where = 2.

Test statistic: standardized sample mean z.

Signicance level set to = .05.

You then collected n = 16 data points with sample mean 1.5.

(a) Find the rejection region. Draw a graph indicating the null distribution and the rejection
region.
(b) Find the z-value and add it to your picture in part (a).
(c) Find the p-value for this data and decide whether or not to reject H0 in favor of HA .
18.05 Exam 2 7

Problem 7. (15 pts)

Someone claims to have found a long lost work by Jane Austen. She asks you to decide

whether or not the book was actually written by Austen.

You buy a copy of Sense and Sensibility and count the frequencies of certain common words

on some randomly selected pages. You do the same thing for the long lost work. You get

the following table of counts.

Word a an this that

Sense and Sensibility 150 30 30 90
Long lost work 90 20 10 80
Using this data, set up and evaluate a signicance test of the claim that the long lost book
is by Jane Austen. Use a signicance level of 0.1.
18.05 Exam 2 8

Standard normal table of left tail probabilities.

z (z) z (z) z (z) z (z)

-4.00 0.0000 -2.00 0.0228 0.00 0.5000 2.00 0.9772 (z) = P (Z z) for N(0, 1).
-3.95 0.0000 -1.95 0.0256 0.05 0.5199 2.05 0.9798
(Use interpolation to estimate
-3.90 0.0000 -1.90 0.0287 0.10 0.5398 2.10 0.9821
z values to a 3rd decimal
-3.85 0.0001 -1.85 0.0322 0.15 0.5596 2.15 0.9842
place.)
-3.80 0.0001 -1.80 0.0359 0.20 0.5793 2.20 0.9861
-3.75 0.0001 -1.75 0.0401 0.25 0.5987 2.25 0.9878
-3.70 0.0001 -1.70 0.0446 0.30 0.6179 2.30 0.9893
-3.65 0.0001 -1.65 0.0495 0.35 0.6368 2.35 0.9906
-3.60 0.0002 -1.60 0.0548 0.40 0.6554 2.40 0.9918
-3.55 0.0002 -1.55 0.0606 0.45 0.6736 2.45 0.9929
-3.50 0.0002 -1.50 0.0668 0.50 0.6915 2.50 0.9938
-3.45 0.0003 -1.45 0.0735 0.55 0.7088 2.55 0.9946
-3.40 0.0003 -1.40 0.0808 0.60 0.7257 2.60 0.9953
-3.35 0.0004 -1.35 0.0885 0.65 0.7422 2.65 0.9960
-3.30 0.0005 -1.30 0.0968 0.70 0.7580 2.70 0.9965
-3.25 0.0006 -1.25 0.1056 0.75 0.7734 2.75 0.9970
-3.20 0.0007 -1.20 0.1151 0.80 0.7881 2.80 0.9974
-3.15 0.0008 -1.15 0.1251 0.85 0.8023 2.85 0.9978
-3.10 0.0010 -1.10 0.1357 0.90 0.8159 2.90 0.9981
-3.05 0.0011 -1.05 0.1469 0.95 0.8289 2.95 0.9984
-3.00 0.0013 -1.00 0.1587 1.00 0.8413 3.00 0.9987
-2.95 0.0016 -0.95 0.1711 1.05 0.8531 3.05 0.9989
-2.90 0.0019 -0.90 0.1841 1.10 0.8643 3.10 0.9990
-2.85 0.0022 -0.85 0.1977 1.15 0.8749 3.15 0.9992
-2.80 0.0026 -0.80 0.2119 1.20 0.8849 3.20 0.9993
-2.75 0.0030 -0.75 0.2266 1.25 0.8944 3.25 0.9994
-2.70 0.0035 -0.70 0.2420 1.30 0.9032 3.30 0.9995
-2.65 0.0040 -0.65 0.2578 1.35 0.9115 3.35 0.9996
-2.60 0.0047 -0.60 0.2743 1.40 0.9192 3.40 0.9997
-2.55 0.0054 -0.55 0.2912 1.45 0.9265 3.45 0.9997
-2.50 0.0062 -0.50 0.3085 1.50 0.9332 3.50 0.9998
-2.45 0.0071 -0.45 0.3264 1.55 0.9394 3.55 0.9998
-2.40 0.0082 -0.40 0.3446 1.60 0.9452 3.60 0.9998
-2.35 0.0094 -0.35 0.3632 1.65 0.9505 3.65 0.9999
-2.30 0.0107 -0.30 0.3821 1.70 0.9554 3.70 0.9999
-2.25 0.0122 -0.25 0.4013 1.75 0.9599 3.75 0.9999
-2.20 0.0139 -0.20 0.4207 1.80 0.9641 3.80 0.9999
-2.15 0.0158 -0.15 0.4404 1.85 0.9678 3.85 0.9999
-2.10 0.0179 -0.10 0.4602 1.90 0.9713 3.90 1.0000
-2.05 0.0202 -0.05 0.4801 1.95 0.9744 3.95 1.0000
18.05 Exam 2 9

t-table of left tail probabilities. (The tables show P (T < t) for T t(df ).)

t\df 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0.0 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000
0.2 0.5628 0.5700 0.5729 0.5744 0.5753 0.5760 0.5764 0.5768 0.5770
0.4 0.6211 0.6361 0.6420 0.6452 0.6472 0.6485 0.6495 0.6502 0.6508
0.6 0.6720 0.6953 0.7046 0.7096 0.7127 0.7148 0.7163 0.7174 0.7183
0.8 0.7148 0.7462 0.7589 0.7657 0.7700 0.7729 0.7750 0.7766 0.7778
1.0 0.7500 0.7887 0.8045 0.8130 0.8184 0.8220 0.8247 0.8267 0.8283
1.2 0.7789 0.8235 0.8419 0.8518 0.8581 0.8623 0.8654 0.8678 0.8696
1.4 0.8026 0.8518 0.8720 0.8829 0.8898 0.8945 0.8979 0.9005 0.9025
1.6 0.8222 0.8746 0.8960 0.9076 0.9148 0.9196 0.9232 0.9259 0.9280
1.8 0.8386 0.8932 0.9152 0.9269 0.9341 0.9390 0.9426 0.9452 0.9473
2.0 0.8524 0.9082 0.9303 0.9419 0.9490 0.9538 0.9572 0.9597 0.9617
2.2 0.8642 0.9206 0.9424 0.9537 0.9605 0.9649 0.9681 0.9705 0.9723
2.4 0.8743 0.9308 0.9521 0.9628 0.9692 0.9734 0.9763 0.9784 0.9801
2.6 0.8831 0.9392 0.9598 0.9700 0.9759 0.9797 0.9823 0.9842 0.9856
2.8 0.8908 0.9463 0.9661 0.9756 0.9810 0.9844 0.9867 0.9884 0.9896
3.0 0.8976 0.9523 0.9712 0.9800 0.9850 0.9880 0.9900 0.9915 0.9925
3.2 0.9036 0.9573 0.9753 0.9835 0.9880 0.9907 0.9925 0.9937 0.9946
3.4 0.9089 0.9617 0.9788 0.9864 0.9904 0.9928 0.9943 0.9953 0.9961
3.6 0.9138 0.9654 0.9816 0.9886 0.9922 0.9943 0.9956 0.9965 0.9971
3.8 0.9181 0.9686 0.9840 0.9904 0.9937 0.9955 0.9966 0.9974 0.9979
4.0 0.9220 0.9714 0.9860 0.9919 0.9948 0.9964 0.9974 0.9980 0.9984

t\df 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
0.0 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000
0.2 0.5773 0.5774 0.5776 0.5777 0.5778 0.5779 0.5780 0.5781 0.5781 0.5782
0.4 0.6512 0.6516 0.6519 0.6522 0.6524 0.6526 0.6528 0.6529 0.6531 0.6532
0.6 0.7191 0.7197 0.7202 0.7206 0.7210 0.7213 0.7215 0.7218 0.7220 0.7222
0.8 0.7788 0.7797 0.7804 0.7810 0.7815 0.7819 0.7823 0.7826 0.7829 0.7832
1.0 0.8296 0.8306 0.8315 0.8322 0.8329 0.8334 0.8339 0.8343 0.8347 0.8351
1.2 0.8711 0.8723 0.8734 0.8742 0.8750 0.8756 0.8762 0.8767 0.8772 0.8776
1.4 0.9041 0.9055 0.9066 0.9075 0.9084 0.9091 0.9097 0.9103 0.9107 0.9112
1.6 0.9297 0.9310 0.9322 0.9332 0.9340 0.9348 0.9354 0.9360 0.9365 0.9370
1.8 0.9490 0.9503 0.9515 0.9525 0.9533 0.9540 0.9546 0.9552 0.9557 0.9561
2.0 0.9633 0.9646 0.9657 0.9666 0.9674 0.9680 0.9686 0.9691 0.9696 0.9700
2.2 0.9738 0.9750 0.9759 0.9768 0.9774 0.9781 0.9786 0.9790 0.9794 0.9798
2.4 0.9813 0.9824 0.9832 0.9840 0.9846 0.9851 0.9855 0.9859 0.9863 0.9866
2.6 0.9868 0.9877 0.9884 0.9890 0.9895 0.9900 0.9903 0.9907 0.9910 0.9912
2.8 0.9906 0.9914 0.9920 0.9925 0.9929 0.9933 0.9936 0.9938 0.9941 0.9943
3.0 0.9933 0.9940 0.9945 0.9949 0.9952 0.9955 0.9958 0.9960 0.9962 0.9963
18.05 Exam 2 10

t\df 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
0.0 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000
0.2 0.5782 0.5783 0.5783 0.5784 0.5784 0.5785 0.5785 0.5785 0.5785 0.5786
0.4 0.6533 0.6534 0.6535 0.6536 0.6537 0.6537 0.6538 0.6538 0.6539 0.6540
0.6 0.7224 0.7225 0.7227 0.7228 0.7229 0.7230 0.7231 0.7232 0.7233 0.7234
0.8 0.7834 0.7837 0.7839 0.7841 0.7842 0.7844 0.7845 0.7847 0.7848 0.7849
1.0 0.8354 0.8357 0.8359 0.8361 0.8364 0.8366 0.8367 0.8369 0.8371 0.8372
1.2 0.8779 0.8782 0.8785 0.8788 0.8791 0.8793 0.8795 0.8797 0.8799 0.8801
1.4 0.9116 0.9119 0.9123 0.9126 0.9128 0.9131 0.9133 0.9136 0.9138 0.9139
1.6 0.9374 0.9377 0.9381 0.9384 0.9387 0.9389 0.9392 0.9394 0.9396 0.9398
1.8 0.9565 0.9569 0.9572 0.9575 0.9578 0.9580 0.9583 0.9585 0.9587 0.9589
2.0 0.9704 0.9707 0.9710 0.9713 0.9715 0.9718 0.9720 0.9722 0.9724 0.9725
2.2 0.9801 0.9804 0.9807 0.9809 0.9812 0.9814 0.9816 0.9817 0.9819 0.9820
2.4 0.9869 0.9871 0.9874 0.9876 0.9877 0.9879 0.9881 0.9882 0.9884 0.9885
2.6 0.9914 0.9916 0.9918 0.9920 0.9921 0.9923 0.9924 0.9925 0.9926 0.9927
2.8 0.9945 0.9946 0.9948 0.9949 0.9950 0.9951 0.9952 0.9953 0.9954 0.9955
3.0 0.9965 0.9966 0.9967 0.9968 0.9969 0.9970 0.9971 0.9971 0.9972 0.9973

t\df 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
0.0 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000
0.2 0.5786 0.5786 0.5786 0.5786 0.5787 0.5787 0.5787 0.5787 0.5787 0.5787
0.4 0.6540 0.6541 0.6541 0.6541 0.6542 0.6542 0.6542 0.6543 0.6543 0.6543
0.6 0.7235 0.7236 0.7236 0.7237 0.7238 0.7238 0.7239 0.7239 0.7240 0.7240
0.8 0.7850 0.7851 0.7852 0.7853 0.7854 0.7854 0.7855 0.7856 0.7857 0.7857
1.0 0.8373 0.8375 0.8376 0.8377 0.8378 0.8379 0.8380 0.8381 0.8382 0.8383
1.2 0.8802 0.8804 0.8805 0.8807 0.8808 0.8809 0.8810 0.8811 0.8812 0.8813
1.4 0.9141 0.9143 0.9144 0.9146 0.9147 0.9148 0.9150 0.9151 0.9152 0.9153
1.6 0.9400 0.9401 0.9403 0.9404 0.9406 0.9407 0.9408 0.9409 0.9411 0.9412
1.8 0.9590 0.9592 0.9594 0.9595 0.9596 0.9598 0.9599 0.9600 0.9601 0.9602
2.0 0.9727 0.9728 0.9730 0.9731 0.9732 0.9733 0.9735 0.9736 0.9737 0.9738
2.2 0.9822 0.9823 0.9824 0.9825 0.9826 0.9827 0.9828 0.9829 0.9830 0.9831
2.4 0.9886 0.9887 0.9888 0.9889 0.9890 0.9891 0.9892 0.9892 0.9893 0.9894
2.6 0.9928 0.9929 0.9930 0.9931 0.9932 0.9932 0.9933 0.9933 0.9934 0.9935
2.8 0.9956 0.9956 0.9957 0.9958 0.9958 0.9959 0.9959 0.9960 0.9960 0.9960
3.0 0.9973 0.9974 0.9974 0.9974 0.9975 0.9975 0.9976 0.9976 0.9976 0.9977
18.05 Exam 2 11

t\df
40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

0.0 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000
0.2 0.5788 0.5788 0.5788 0.5788 0.5788 0.5788 0.5788 0.5788 0.5788 0.5788
0.4 0.6544 0.6544 0.6544 0.6544 0.6545 0.6545 0.6545 0.6545 0.6545 0.6546
0.6 0.7241 0.7241 0.7241 0.7242 0.7242 0.7242 0.7243 0.7243 0.7243 0.7244
0.8 0.7858 0.7858 0.7859 0.7859 0.7860 0.7860 0.7861 0.7861 0.7862 0.7862
1.0 0.8383 0.8384 0.8385 0.8385 0.8386 0.8387 0.8387 0.8388 0.8388 0.8389
1.2 0.8814 0.8815 0.8816 0.8816 0.8817 0.8818 0.8819 0.8819 0.8820 0.8820
1.4 0.9154 0.9155 0.9156 0.9157 0.9157 0.9158 0.9159 0.9160 0.9160 0.9161
1.6 0.9413 0.9414 0.9415 0.9415 0.9416 0.9417 0.9418 0.9419 0.9419 0.9420
1.8 0.9603 0.9604 0.9605 0.9606 0.9606 0.9607 0.9608 0.9609 0.9609 0.9610
2.0 0.9738 0.9739 0.9740 0.9741 0.9742 0.9742 0.9743 0.9744 0.9744 0.9745
2.2 0.9832 0.9833 0.9833 0.9834 0.9834 0.9835 0.9836 0.9836 0.9837 0.9837
2.4 0.9894 0.9895 0.9895 0.9896 0.9897 0.9897 0.9898 0.9898 0.9898 0.9899
2.6 0.9935 0.9935 0.9936 0.9936 0.9937 0.9937 0.9938 0.9938 0.9938 0.9939
2.8 0.9961 0.9961 0.9962 0.9962 0.9962 0.9962 0.9963 0.9963 0.9963 0.9964
3.0 0.9977 0.9977 0.9977 0.9978 0.9978 0.9978 0.9978 0.9978 0.9979 0.9979
 18.05 Exam 2 12

2 -table of right tail critical values

The table shows cdf,p = the 1 p quantile of 2 (df ).

In R notation cdf,p = qchisq(1-p,m).

df\p 0.010 0.025 0.050 0.100 0.200 0.300 0.500 0.700 0.800 0.900 0.950 0.975 0.990
1 6.63 5.02 3.84 2.71 1.64 1.07 0.45 0.15 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 9.21 7.38 5.99 4.61 3.22 2.41 1.39 0.71 0.45 0.21 0.10 0.05 0.02
3 11.34 9.35 7.81 6.25 4.64 3.66 2.37 1.42 1.01 0.58 0.35 0.22 0.11
4 13.28 11.14 9.49 7.78 5.99 4.88 3.36 2.19 1.65 1.06 0.71 0.48 0.30
5 15.09 12.83 11.07 9.24 7.29 6.06 4.35 3.00 2.34 1.61 1.15 0.83 0.55
6 16.81 14.45 12.59 10.64 8.56 7.23 5.35 3.83 3.07 2.20 1.64 1.24 0.87
7 18.48 16.01 14.07 12.02 9.80 8.38 6.35 4.67 3.82 2.83 2.17 1.69 1.24
8 20.09 17.53 15.51 13.36 11.03 9.52 7.34 5.53 4.59 3.49 2.73 2.18 1.65
9 21.67 19.02 16.92 14.68 12.24 10.66 8.34 6.39 5.38 4.17 3.33 2.70 2.09
10 23.21 20.48 18.31 15.99 13.44 11.78 9.34 7.27 6.18 4.87 3.94 3.25 2.56
16 32.00 28.85 26.30 23.54 20.47 18.42 15.34 12.62 11.15 9.31 7.96 6.91 5.81
17 33.41 30.19 27.59 24.77 21.61 19.51 16.34 13.53 12.00 10.09 8.67 7.56 6.41
18 34.81 31.53 28.87 25.99 22.76 20.60 17.34 14.44 12.86 10.86 9.39 8.23 7.01
19 36.19 32.85 30.14 27.20 23.90 21.69 18.34 15.35 13.72 11.65 10.12 8.91 7.63
20 37.57 34.17 31.41 28.41 25.04 22.77 19.34 16.27 14.58 12.44 10.85 9.59 8.26
21 38.93 35.48 32.67 29.62 26.17 23.86 20.34 17.18 15.44 13.24 11.59 10.28 8.90
22 40.29 36.78 33.92 30.81 27.30 24.94 21.34 18.10 16.31 14.04 12.34 10.98 9.54
23 41.64 38.08 35.17 32.01 28.43 26.02 22.34 19.02 17.19 14.85 13.09 11.69 10.20
24 42.98 39.36 36.42 33.20 29.55 27.10 23.34 19.94 18.06 15.66 13.85 12.40 10.86
25 44.31 40.65 37.65 34.38 30.68 28.17 24.34 20.87 18.94 16.47 14.61 13.12 11.52
30 50.89 46.98 43.77 40.26 36.25 33.53 29.34 25.51 23.36 20.60 18.49 16.79 14.95
31 52.19 48.23 44.99 41.42 37.36 34.60 30.34 26.44 24.26 21.43 19.28 17.54 15.66
32 53.49 49.48 46.19 42.58 38.47 35.66 31.34 27.37 25.15 22.27 20.07 18.29 16.36
33 54.78 50.73 47.40 43.75 39.57 36.73 32.34 28.31 26.04 23.11 20.87 19.05 17.07
34 56.06 51.97 48.60 44.90 40.68 37.80 33.34 29.24 26.94 23.95 21.66 19.81 17.79
35 57.34 53.20 49.80 46.06 41.78 38.86 34.34 30.18 27.84 24.80 22.47 20.57 18.51
40 63.69 59.34 55.76 51.81 47.27 44.16 39.34 34.87 32.34 29.05 26.51 24.43 22.16
41 64.95 60.56 56.94 52.95 48.36 45.22 40.34 35.81 33.25 29.91 27.33 25.21 22.91
42 66.21 61.78 58.12 54.09 49.46 46.28 41.34 36.75 34.16 30.77 28.14 26.00 23.65
43 67.46 62.99 59.30 55.23 50.55 47.34 42.34 37.70 35.07 31.63 28.96 26.79 24.40
44 68.71 64.20 60.48 56.37 51.64 48.40 43.34 38.64 35.97 32.49 29.79 27.57 25.15
45 69.96 65.41 61.66 57.51 52.73 49.45 44.34 39.58 36.88 33.35 30.61 28.37 25.90
46 71.20 66.62 62.83 58.64 53.82 50.51 45.34 40.53 37.80 34.22 31.44 29.16 26.66
47 72.44 67.82 64.00 59.77 54.91 51.56 46.34 41.47 38.71 35.08 32.27 29.96 27.42
48 73.68 69.02 65.17 60.91 55.99 52.62 47.34 42.42 39.62 35.95 33.10 30.75 28.18
49 74.92 70.22 66.34 62.04 57.08 53.67 48.33 43.37 40.53 36.82 33.93 31.55 28.94
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18.05 Introduction to Probability and Statistics

Spring 2014

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