People v. Jumawan PDF

3/26/2017 G.R.No.
L50905
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RepublicofthePhilippines
SUPREMECOURT
Manila
ENBANC
G.R.No.L50905September23,1982
THEPEOPLEOFTHEPHILIPPINES,plaintiffappellee,
vs.
FRANCISCOJUMAWANalias"KIKO",CESARIOJUMAWANalias"SARIO",MANUELJUMAWANalias
"OWEL"andPRESENTACIONJUMAWANMAGNAYEalias"ESEN"accusedappellants.
ABADSANTOS,J.:
On the basis of a written statement made by Vicente Recepeda on July 18, 1976, and an affidavit executed by
TrinidadAlcantaraonJuly19,1976,acomplaintformurderwasfiledintheMunicipalCourtofSariaya,Quezon,
on July 19, 1976, by Station Commander Sisenando P. Alcantara, Jr. against Francisco Jumawan, Cesario
Jumawan,ManuelJumawanandPresentacionJumawanforthedeathofRodolfoMagnaye.
The affidavit of Trinidad Alcantara clearly states that her son Rodolfo Magnaye was married to Presentacion
Jumawan albeit they had been living separately from each other. (During the trial Presentacion admitted her
marriagetoRodolfo.Seet.s.n.,pp.811812.)TheStationCommandercanperhapsbeexcusedfornotaccusing
PresentacionofparricidebutwhenthecasewaselevatedtotheCourtofFirstInstanceofQuezonwhereitwas
docketed as Criminal Case No. 1408, the Provincial Fiscal perpetuated the mistake by filing an information for
murderagainstalltheaccused.Theinformationreads:
The undersigned Provincial Fiscal accuses CESARIO JUMAWAN alias 'Sario,' MANUEL JUMAWAN
alias 'Owel', FRANCISCO JUMAWAN alias 'Kiko' and PRESENTACION JUMAWAN alias 'ESEN', of
thecrimeofmurder,definedandpunishedunderArticle248oftheRevisedPenalCode,committed
asfollows:
That on or about the 19th day of June 1976, in the Municipality of Sariaya, Province of Quezon,
Philippines, and within the jurisdiction of this Honorable Court, the abovenamed accused, armed
withabolo(gulukan),conspiringandconfederatingtogetherandmutuallyhelpingoneanother,with
intent to kill and with evident premeditation and treachery, taking advantage of their superior
strength,didthenandtherewilfully,unlawfullyandfeloniouslyattack,assaultandstabwiththesaid
bolooneRodolfoMagnayealias'Digo',therebyinflictinguponthelatterastabwoundonthechest,
whichdirectlycausedhisdeath.
Afteralongtrialand1,211pagesofstenographictranscript,thetrialcourtrenderedthefollowingjudgment:
Wherefore,theCourtfindsCesarioJumawan,PresentacionJumawanMagnaye,ManuelJumawan,
and Francisco Jumawan guilty as principals beyond reasonable doubt of the crime of Murder as
definedandpunishedunderArt.248oftheRevisedPenalCodeandherebysentenceseachofthem
tosufferapenaltyoflifeimprisonmentandtoindemnifyjointlyandseverallytheparentsofthevictim
intheamountofTwentyfourThousand(P24,000.00)Pesos.
ThecaseisnowbeforethisCourtonappeal.
Thebriefoftheappellantsgivesthefollowing:
STATEMENTOFFACTS
TheAccused:
Francisco Jumawan is the father of his coaccused, namely, Cesario Jumawan, Manuel Jumawan
andPresentacionJumawan.
PresentacionJumawanwasmarriedtoRodolfoMagnaye.
DeathofRodolfoMagnaye:
Asdescribedbythelowercourt,'...whenRodolfoMagnayedidnotreturnhomein(that)eveningof
19 June 1976, his mother (Trinidad Alcantara) went to the public market to look for him on the
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following day. She met four (4) children who told her that they saw a man near the water. They
accompaniedhertotheplaceandsherecognizedthedeadmanashersonRodolfoMagnaye.She
thenproceededtothepoliceheadquarterstoreportthematter....'(page5,Judgment).
ForthedeathofRodolfoMagnaye,theaccusedstandchargedofthecrimeofMURDER.
ThePeople'sbrief,ontheotherhand,merelyreproducesthetrialcourt'sfindingsoffactsasfollows:
It appears from the evidence adduced during the trial that Rodolfo Magnaye was married on 26
January 1974 to Presentacion Jumawan, one of the accused in the above entitled criminal case.
Presentacion JumawanMagnaye left the conjugal home and stayed with her sister Sebastiana
Jumawan.RodolfoMagnaye,ontheotherhand,wentandstayedwithhismotherTrinidadAlcantara.
ThemotherofMrs.PresentacionJumawanMagnayemadeseveralattemptstosecurethesignature
ofRodolfoMagnayeonadocumentagreeingtoaseparationfromhiswifesothatbothheandhis
wifewillbefreetomarryagainbutRodolfoMagnayepersistedinrefusingtosignsaiddocument.
On one occasion the mother of Mrs. Presentacion JumawanMagnaye even brought Rodolfo
MagnayeandhismothertotheProvincialConstabularyCommandtoaskfortheassistanceofSgt.
MortillatoassistherdaughterinsecuringaseparationfromRodolfoMagnayebuttheyweretoldby
Sgt.Mortillathatitcannotbelegallydone.
Between5:00and6:00o'clockintheafternoonof19June1976whileTrinidadAlcantarawasinher
house, her son Rodolfo Magnaye was dressing up and told her that he was going to the public
marketbecausehiswifeaskedhimtofetchher.Heaskedhismothertopreparefoodbecausethey
aregoingtotalkabouttheirlives.Helefthomeatabout6:00o'clockintheevening.
At about 9:30 o'clock in the evening of 19 June 1976 one Mr. Vicente Recepeda came from the
AglipayanfiestainSariaya,QuezonandaftereatingattheSarilingAtineatingplacehewenttothe
formerBLTBstationatSariaya,Quezon.Whilehewasinfrontofthepublicmarketonthewaytothe
formerBLTBstationheheardthenoiseofpigsbeingbutcheredandbeinginthebusinessofbuying
pigsandchickenhewenttothedirectionof[the]slaughterhousetoinquireaboutthepricesofpigs
andchicken.
Beforereachingtheslaughterhouseheheardthenoise(sic)ofapersonbeingattackedbythree(3)
personsandawomaninsideastorewhichwaslighted.HesawaccusedFranciscoJumawanholding
thehandsofRodolfoMagnayewhileaccusedManuelJumawanwasbehindRodolfoMagnayewith
his arm around the neck of Rodolfo Magnaye while Cesario Jumawan was infront of Rodolfo
Magnaye with his left hand holding the collar of Rodolfo Magnaye and in his right hand he was
holdingasmallpointedbolowithwhichhestabbedRodolfoMagnayebelowtherightnipple.
At about 11:00 o'clock in that evening a certain Mr. Policarpio Trinidad who also came from the
AglipayanfiestainSariaya,Quezonwaswaitinginfrontofagasolinestationacrosstheoldstationof
theBLTBwaitingforaridehomewhenhesawCesarioJumawanandManuelJumawanwithRodolfo
Magnayebetweenthemwhiletheywerecrossingthenationalhighwaytowardsthesouthtoaroad
opposite the Emil Welding Shop. They went on walking after crossing the highway. At that time the
headofRodolfoMagnayewasbowedinfrontwhilehistwo(2)armswereontheshoulderofCesario
andManuelJumawan.RodolfoMagnayewasnotwalking.
Atabout11:45o'clockintheeveningof19June1976PresentacionJumawanMagnayereportedto
Patrolman Marcial Baera and Patrolman Albufera that the store of Bastiana (Sebastiana) Jumawan
wheresheworksisthreatenedtoberobbedbyRodolfoMagnaye.WhenaskedbyPatrolmanBaera
PresentacionJumawanMagnayedeniedbeingrelatedtoRodolfoMagnaye.Hewenttoinvestigate
thereportedattempttorobthestoreofSebastianaJumawanandhesawoneofthepanelsusedto
closethestorewasdestroyedbutnothingappearstohavebeentakenfromthestore.
Presentacion JumawanMagnaye and her companions Tita Daez and Anabelle Jumawan told
PatrolmanBaerathattheywillfilechargesagainstRodolfoMagnaye.PatrolmanBaeraenteredthe
reportofPresentacionJumawanMagnayeinthepolicerecordbook.
WhenRodolfoMagnayedidnotreturnhomeinthateveningof19June1976,hismother(Trinidad
Alcantara)wenttothepublicmarkettolookforhimonthefollowingday.Shemetfour(4)children
who told her that they saw a man near the water. They accompanied her to the place and she
recognized the dead man as her son Rodolfo Magnaye. She then proceeded to the police
headquarterstoreportthematter.
ThetwoPatrolmenBaeraandAlbuferawenttotheplaceandtheysawthedeadmanwithoutashirt
and wearing black pants with white shoes. They noticed a stab wound on the lower portion of the
rightbreast.Thedeadmanwaslyingfaceup.
IntheafternoonofthesamedayPatrolmanLoretoGaleonwenttothestoreofSebastianaJumawan
located at the public market of Sariaya to follow up the investigation of the reported attempted
robberycaseagainstMagnaye.Heaskedthestorekeeperforpermissiontolookatthewoodpanels
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whichareusedtoclosethestore.Hefoundtracesofbloodinoneofthewoodenpanels.Hereported
whathesawtoSgt.Labitiganwhenhereturnedtothepoliceheadquarters.
Thefollowingdayhewasorderedbythechiefofpolicetolookagainatthewoodenpanelwithtraces
ofbloodbuthesawthatthewoodenpanelswerealreadyplaned('kinatam')andthetracesofblood
couldnolongerbeseen.
On23June1976,PatrolmanRodrigoCedoniowasorderedtolookforTitaDaezinBarrioMamala
Sariaya,QuezonbecauseTitaDaezwasallegedlyinthestoreatthetimeoftheallegedattempted
robberyandatthetimeRodolfoMagnayewasallegedlykilled.
PatrolmanCedoniowasinformedbythemotherofTitaDaezthatshehadnotgonetoherhomeat
barrioMamala.SheaccompaniedPatrolmanCedoniointryingtolocateTitaDanez.Theyfirstwent
to the store of Sebastiana Jumawan which turned out to be closed on that day. They then went at
Muntingbayan, Tayabas, Quezon where they were able to find Tita Danez together with Francisco
Jumawan,BienvenidoJumawanandRositaAbratiga.
Mr.CesarioJumawan,oneoftheaccusedintheaboveentitledcriminalcaseandabrotherinlawof
the victim, set up the defense of alibi when he testified that between 3:00 and 4:00 o'clock in the
afternoonof19June1976hewasatBarrioSampaloc,Sariaya,Quezonwhichismoreorlessthree
(3)kilometersawayfromthepoblacionofSariaya,Quezon.HewenthometoBarrioPiliofthesame
town early in the afternoon of the following day. He did not go anywhere else since 3:00 to 4:00
o'clockintheafternoonof19June1976uptoanduntilhereturnedtoBarrioPili.
Mr.ManuelJumawan,anotheraccusedintheaboveentitledcriminalcasewhoisalsoabrotherin
lawofthevictim,likewisesetupthedefenseofalibiwhenhetestifiedthaton19June1976hewasin
his house at Barrio Pili, Sariaya, Quezon which is about five (5) kilometers from the poblacion of
Sariaya,Quezon.Hewenttobedatabout7:00o'clockintheeveningof19June1976.Hewokeup
atabout6:30o'clockinthemorning.
He further claims that he suffers from an abnormality of the left arm which he cannot raise in a
normal way and that he was suffering from said disability since childhood when he fell from a cow
continuouslyuptothepresent.
Said accused presented a medical certificate, Exhibit 7, issued by Dr. Concepcion dela Merced, a
radiologistoftheNationalOrthopedicHospitalcertifyingtothefactthatManuelJumawanisnegative
for fracture dislocation and that he suffers from a deformity of the proximal and left humerous
probablyfromapreviousfracture.ThereisnoshowingthatManuelJumawanisincapableofraising
his left arm around the neck of Rodolfo Magnaye whose actual height was not established by the
evidencenorwasDr.ConcepciondelaMercedpresentedtotestifyonherfindings.
PresentacionJumawanMagnayeclaimsthatintheeveningof19June1976shewasinthestoreof
Sebastiana Jumawan together with Anabelle Jumawan and Tita Daez when she heard a person
who wanted to enter the store. She shouted 'thieves' ('magnanakaw'). In response to her shouts
severalpeoplearrivedandchasedthepersonwhowantedtoenterthestore.Shethenwenttothe
house of Sebastiana Jumawan where hats are being made and where her father Francisco
Jumawanwasstayingthatnight.
Whileshewasinthehousewhereherfatherwasstaying,theiradjoiningneighbor,acertainMateo
Diamante informed her that the person being chased by several men was Rodolfo Magnaye. She,
however, did not talk with any of the person who chased her husband nor does she know any of
them. She then went with her father, Francisco Jumawan, to report the matter to the police whom
theymetattheFilipinaRestaurant.
While Presentacion JumawanMagnaye gave the name of Rodolfo Magnaye as the suspect in the
attemptedrobbery,shedidnotrevealtotheinvestigatingpolicementhathewasherhusbandevenif
she was asked why they knew his name, neither did she inform the police that her husband was
chasedbyseveralpersonsnordidshegivethedirectionwhereherhusbandsupposedlyran.
The two policemen, Patrolmen Baera and Albufera, actually went to the store of Sebastiana
Jumawanandafterlookingatthestore,thesetwopatrolmentoldPresentacionJumawanMagnaye
thatbecausenothinghappenedtheywillcontinuetheinvestigationonthenextday.
Noneofthosewhoallegedlychasedherhusbandthateveningwasevenpresentedasawitness.
Mr. Francisco Jumawan, who is the father of his three (3) other coaccused, likewise set up the
defenseofalibiwhenhetestifiedthatintheeveningof19June1976atabout8:00o'clockmoreor
lesshewasaloneinthehouseofSebastianaJumawansituatedneartheformergarageoftheBLTB
inSariaya,QuezonandthathewasawakenedonlywhenhisdaughterPresentacionwokehimupto
tenhimthatsomeonewastryingtoenterthestoreofSebastianaJumawan.
Inabriefwhichismorenoteworthyforlegalrhetoricratherthanacriticalanalysisoftheevidence,theappellants
claimthatthetrialcourtcommittedthefollowingerrors:
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THE LOWER COURT ERRED IN NOT FOCUSING OBJECTIVELY AND IMPARTIALLY THE
EVIDENCEFORTHEPROSECUTIONEVENASITFOCUSEDSUBJECTIVELYANDUNFAIRLYON
SUPPOSEDWEAKNESSOFTHEEVIDENCEFORTHEDEFENSE.
THECONSTITUTIONALGUARANTEETHATTHEACCUSEDAREPRESUMEDINNOCENTOFTHE
CRIME CHARGED AND ARE ENTITLED TO A RIGHT TO A DAY IN COURT CANNOT BE
OVERTURNED BY THE DOCTRINE THAT APPELLATE COURTS ARE NOT PRONE TO DISTURB
THEFINDINGSOFTHETRIALCOURTWITHRESPECTTOTHECREDIBILITYOFWITNESSES.
THE LOWER COURT ERRED IN NOT FINDING AND TAKING INTO SERIOUS ACCOUNT THE
FATAL WEAKNESSES OF THE EVIDENCE FOR THE PROSECUTION IN TERMS OF
IMPROBABILITIES,GROSSINCONSISTENCIESANDIRRECONCILABLECONTRADICTIONS.
THE LOWER COURT ERRED IN GIVING CREDIT AND CREDENCE TO THE TESTIMONIES OF
THESTARPROSECUTIONWITNESSCONSIDERINGTHEGLARINGWEAKNESSTHEREOF,EVEN
ASTHELOWERCOURTCONVENIENTLYDENIEDTHEDEFENSEREASONABLEOPPORTUNITY
OFTHEPROSECUTIONWITNESSES.
THE LOWER COURT ERRED IN ITS ERRONEOUS APPROACH TO AND APPLICATION OF THE
PRINCIPLES CONCERNING THE DEFENSE OF ALIBI IN THE CASE AT BAR. SPECIALLY IN THE
LIGHTOFTHEFACTTHATTHEREWASNOPOSITIVEIdENTIFICATIONOFACCUSEDANDALSO
THAT THE PROSECUTION FAILED TO EFFECTIVELY REBUT THE DEFENSES OF ALIBI WHICH
WOULDHAVEBEENEASYTODOIFSUCHDEFENSESWEREREALLYCONCOCTIONS.
Theforegoingassignmentoferrorscanbereducedtothesimplepropositionwhethertheevidenceagainstthe
accused, independent of their alibis, has overcome the presumption of innocence in their favor and created a
moralcertaintyastotheirguilt.
Except for Vicente Recepeda and Policarpio Trinidad, the appellants do not question the credibility of the
witnessesfortheprosecution.Hence,thetestimonyofthesewitnessesdeservesscrutiny.
Vicente Recepeda was 67 years old, jobless and a resident of Lucena City when he first testified on April 29,
1977.HetestifiedthatonJune19,1976,hewenttoSariaya,Quezon,toattendtheAglipayanfiestahearrived
there at about 5:00 o'clock and thereafter did the following: listened to the music and singing, went to the
Aglipayanchurchandthe"perya,"ateatarestaurant,andwalkedtothepublicmarketwheretherewasaformer
BLTB station. While he was waiting for a trip to Lucena, he heard the shriek of pigs being killed so he walked
toward the butchers for the purpose of asking the price of pigs since he was then engaged in the business of
buyingandsellingpigs.Infact,atonetimeRodolfoMagnaye,thedeceased,tiedthefeetofapigwhichhehad
bought.Hewasnotabletotalktothebutchersbecauseanunusualeventintervenedwhichinhisownwordswas:
Q.Atabout9:30o'clockintheeveningofJune19,1976,doyourememberwherewere
you?
A.Yessir.
Q.Wherewereyouonthatparticulardateandhour?
A.IwasinthepublicmarketofSariaya,Quezon,sir.
Q.WhileyouwereinthemarketofSariaya,Quezon,onthatparticulardateandhour,
doyourememberiftherewasanyunusualincidentthatyouwitnessed?
A.Therewas,sir.
Q.Whatwasthatunusualincidentthathappenedonthatparticularplaceandhour?
A.Isawapersonbeingattackedbythreepersons,sir.
Q.Whatelsedidyouseethereonthatparticularoccasion,asidefromapersonbeing
attackedbythreepersons?
A.Therewasawomanwhoorderedthethreepersonstostabandkillthepersonbeing
attackedbythesethreepersons,sir.
Q.WhereinparticularinthepublicmarketofSariaya,Quezondidyouseethisincident
happen?
A.InsidethestorewithinthepublicmarketofSariaya,Quezon,sir.
Q. Did you recognize, or did you come to know these three persons whom you said
wereinsidethestorewithinthepublicmarketofSariaya,Quezonatabout9:30o'clock
intheeveningofJune19,1976?
A.Irecognizetheirfaces,sir.
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Q.Didyoucometoknowtheirnameslateron?
A.Yessir.
Q. What is the name of the woman whom you said was there on that particular
occasion?
A.PresentacionJumawan,sir.
Q.IfyouwillseethatPresentacionJumawanagain,willyoubeabletoIdentifyher?
A.Yes,sir.
Q.WillyoupleaselookaroundthecourtroomandpointtoPresentacionJumawanifshe
ishere.
A.Sheisheresir.
Q.PleasepointherouttothisHonorableCourt.
A.Thatonesir.
ATTY.ALCALA:
May we respectfully ask if your honor please that the person pointed to by the witness Identify
herself.
COURT:
AskthepersontoIdentifyherself.
INTERPRETER:
Whatisyourname?
A.PresentacionJumawan.
INTERPRETER:
The person pointed to by the witness your honor, Identified herself as Presentacion
Jumawan.
ATTY.ALCALA:
And what is the name of the person whom you said was being attacked by the three
menonthatparticularoccasioninsidethestore?
A.RodolfoMagnaye,sir.
Q. And what are the names of the three persons attacking Rodolfo Magnaye, will you
pleasestateitbeforethisHonorableCourt?
A.Yes,sir,oneisFranciscoJumawan,ManuelJumawanandtheotheroneisCesario
Jumawan.
Q.ThatFranciscoJumawanwhomyousaidwasoneofthepersonsattackingRodolfo
Magnaye, on that particular occasion, will you be able to recognize him if you will see
himagain?
A.Yes,sir.
Q. If this Francisco Jumawan is inside the courtroom, will you please point him out
beforethisHonorableCourt?
A.Yes,sir.
Q.Pleasedoso.
A.Thatonesir.
ATTY.ALCALA:
YourhonorpleasemayweaskthatthepersonpointedtobythewitnessIdentifyhimself.
COURT:
AsktheIdentityofthepersonpointedtobythewitness.
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INTERPRETER:
Whatisyourname?
A.FranciscoJumawan.
INTERPRETER:
ThepersonpointedtobythewitnessyourhonorIdentifyhimselfasFranciscoJumawan.
Q. And that person whom you said the name as Manuel Jumawan will you be able to
recognizehimifyouwillseehimagain?
A.Yes,sir.
Q. Please look around the courtroom and point out to this Honorable Court if Manuel
Jumawanishereinsidethecourtroom.
A.Yes,sir,thatone.
ATTY.ALCALA:
May we ask Your Honor that the person pointed to by the witness be made to Identify
himself.
COURT:
AskthepersonpointedtobythewitnesstoIdentifyhimself.
INTERPRETER:
Whatisyourname?
A.ManuelJumawan.
INTERPRETER:
ThepersonpointedtobythewitnessYourHonorIdentifiedhimselfasManuelJumawan.
Q.AndthatpersonwhomyoumentionedisnamedCesarioJumawan,willyoubeable
toIdentifyhimifyouwillhimagain?
A.Yes,sir.
Q. Please look around the courtroom and point to this Honorable Court the person
whomyousaidisCesarioJumawan.
Thatonesir.
ATTY.ALCALA:
MaywerequestyourhonorthatthepersonpointedtobythewitnessIdentifyhimself.
COURT:
AskthepersonpointedtobythewitnesstoIdentifyhimself.
INTERPRETER:
Whatisyourname?
A.CesarioJumawan.
INTERPRETER:
ThepersonpointedtobythewitnessIdentifyhimselfasCesarioJumawanYourHonor.
Q.OnthatoccasionwhatwasFranciscoJumawandoingatthattimeyousawhim?
A.HewasstandingbesidesRodolfoMagnayeandholdinghishands.
Q.Whowasholdinghishands?
A.FranciscoJumawanwasholdingthehandsofRodolfoMagnaye,sir.
Q.HowaboutManuelJumawan,whatwashedoing?
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A.ManuelJumawanwasatthebackofRodolfoMagnayewithhisarmaroundtheneck
ofRodolfoMagnaye,sir.
Q.HowaboutCesarioJumawanwhatwashedoingonthatparticularoccasion?
A. He was in front of Rodolfo Magnaye, his left hand is holding the collar of Rodolfo
Magnayeandhisrighthandholdingabolo,sir.
Q.HowaboutPresentacionJumawan,whatwasshedoingonthatparticularoccasion?
A.ShewasstandinginsidethestoreorderingthethreepersonstostabandkillRodolfo
Magnaye,sir.
Q.WhathappenedwhenPresentacionJumawangivethatorder?
A.RodolfoMagnayewasstabbed,sir.
Q.WhostabbedRodolfoMagnayeonthatoccasion?
A.CesarioJumawan,sir.
Q. At that time that Cesario Jumawan stabbed Rodolfo Magnaye on that particular
occasion,whatwereFranciscoJumawanandManuelJumawandoing.?
A.FranciscoJumawanwasholdingthehandsofRodolfoMagnayewithhisarmsaround
theneckofRodolfoMagnaye,sir.
Q.WhathappenedtoRodolfoMagnayewhenhewasstabbedbyCesarioJumawanon
thatoccasion?
A.Hewashitbythestab,sir.
Q.WherewasRodolfoMagnayehitbythestabofCesarioJumawanonthatoccasion?
A.Undertherightnipple,sir.Belowtherightnipple.
Q.WhatdidRodolfoMagnayedoonthatparticularoccasionafterhewashit?
A.Hesaid,whydidyoustabme.
Q.Whatdidyoudoafterthat?
A.Ileft,sir.
Q.Whileyouwerewalkingawaydidyouhearanything?
.A.Yes,sir.
Q.Whatdidyouhear?
A.Avoiceofawomanshouting,thief,thief.
Q.Whatdidyoudowhenyouheardtheshoutofawoman?
A.Ihurriedlywalkedaway,sir.
Q.DidyoufinallycametoknowwhathappenedtoRodolfoMagnayeasaresultofthat
incident?
A.Yes,sir.
Q.Whathappenedtohim?
A.Hedied,sir.(t.s.n.,pp.494509.)
PolicarpioTrinidadwas28yearsoldandalaboreratthetimehefirsttestifiedonJune27,1977.Hetestifiedthat
heknewManuelJumawan,CesarioJumawanandRodolfoMagnayethatonJune19,1976,atabout11:00p.m.,
hewasinSariaya,Quezon,neartheoldstationoftheBLTBandonthatoccasionhesawtheaforesaidpersons
thus:
Q. Will you please describe before this Honorable Court their position when you saw
them?
A.Theirhandswereontheshouldersofeachother.
Q.Andwhowasinthemiddle?
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A.RodolfoMagnaye,sir.
Q.WillyoupleasetellthisHonorableCourttheappearanceofRodolfoMagnayewhen
you saw him being in the middle of Cesario Jumawan and Manuel Jumawan on that
occasion?
A. His head falls and his two hands were on the shoulder of Cesario Jumawan and
ManuelJumawan.
Q. Did you see where these persons were going on that particular occasion when you
saidyousawthem?
ATTY.CUARTOY
Objection Your Honor, that has already been answered, that they are going out of the
oldBLTBstation.
COURT:
Witnessmayanswer.
A.Theycrossthehighway,sir.
Q.Inwhatparticularplacedidtheygowhentheycrossthehighway?
A..TheywenttotheroadoppositetheEmilWeldingShop,sir.
Q.DidyouseeonthatparticularoccasionwhetherRodolfoMagnayewaswalking?
A.Hewasnotwalkingandhecannotstephisfeet,sir.
Q.Whentheywenttothatplace,neartheEmilWeldingShop,didtheygoanyfurther?
A.Theyproceededwalking,sir.
Q.Wheredidyougouponseeingthem?
A.Iwentdirectlytomyhouse,sir.
(t.s.n.,pp.628631.)
The testimony of Vicente Recepeda linked to that of Trinidad Alcantara and Policarpio Trinidad shows that the
fourappellantsconspiredandcooperatedintheassassinationofRodolfoMagnaye.
The victim and his wife had a rendezvous in the evening of June 19, 1976, in order to discuss the fate of their
marriage. While it is not known if they actually conversed, the purpose of the rendezvous was in fact
accomplishedthemarriagewasterminatedbythemurderofthehusband.
The report to the police by Presentacion that Rodolfo Magnaye had attempted to rob the store of Sebastiana
JumawanwasacrudediversionarytactictoenableCesarioandManueltotransferthecadavertoanotherplace.
ThealibisofFrancisco,CesarioandManuelaarefornaught.
FranciscoclaimedthatintheeveningofJune19,1976,hewasinthehouseofSebastianaJumawan,notinher
store.CesariosaidthatwhilehisresidencewasBarrioPili,Sariaya,onthenightofJune19,1976,heandhiswife
were in Barrio Sampaloc, Sariaya, visiting his brother Benigno Jumawan and they did not return to Pili until the
nextday.ManuelsaidthatonthenightofJune19,1976,hewasinhishouseatBarrioPili.
Thesealibicannotprevailforthefollowingreasons:(a)Francisco,CesarioandManuelwerepositivelyIdentified
to be at the scene of the crime by Vicente Recepeda and Cesario and Manuel were similarly Identified by
PolicarpioTrinidadand(b)theplaceswheretheyclaimedtobewerenotfarfromthesceneofthecrimesothatit
wasnotimpossiblefrothemtobethere.SebastianaJumawan'shousewhereFranciscowassupposedtobeis
within walking distance from the former's store. Barrio Sampaloc, where Cesario claimed he was, is only about
three kilometers from the poblacionof Sariaya. Barrio Pili, where Manuel said he slept that night, is about five
kilometersfromthesamepoblacion.
Presentacion should have been accused of parricide but as it is, since her relationship to the deceased is not
alleged in the information, she, like the others, can be convicted of murder only qualified by abuse of superior
strength.
Althoughnotallegedintheinformation,relationshipasanaggravatingcircumstanceshouldbeassignedagainst
theappellants.True,relationshipisinherentinparricide,butPresentacionstandsconvictedofmurder.Andasto
theothers,therelationshipsoffatherinlawandbrotherinlawaggravatethecrime.(Aquino,PenalCode,Vol.I.
p.406[1976].)
3/26/2017 G.R.No.L50905
The penalty for murder with an aggravating circumstances is death. However, for lack of necessary votes, the
penaltyisreducedtoreclusionperpetua.
WHEREFORE,thejugmentofthecourtaquoisherebyaffirmedintoto.Nocosts.
SOORDERED.
Fernando,C.J.,Teehankee,Barredo,Makasiar,Aquino,Concepcion,Jr.,Guerrero,DeCastro,MelencioHerrera,
Plana,Escolin,Vasquez,RelovaandGutierrez,Jr.,JJ.,concur.
TheLawphilProjectArellanoLawFoundation

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