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The wastewater from C&CCD is treated by physical, chemical methods
followed by biological treatment. The MBC Plant at VSP is designed by M/s
Giprokoks of erstwhile USSR. MBC Plant is designed to treat 120 cum/hr of
effluents. The physical & chemical treatment units at MBC are tar settling
tanks, oil flotators and equalization tanks. The biological treatment is by
multistage activated sludge process. Steps involved in the treatment of
C&CCD effluents are as follows:
Tar removal
In pre-aerators effluents are mixed thoroughly with the help of air. The
combined waste water carries traces of tar particles and emulsified oils,
which need to be separated prior to biological treatment to avoid any adverse
effect on the active biomass.
Five numbers of mild steel fabricated circular tar settling tanks each of size
230 cum. are installed. These are provided with steam heating coil and
scrapper mechanism at the conical hopper bottom.
Tar settling tank is provided for removing tar and oil from the effluent. Oil
floats on the surface of water and tar settles down in conical bottom. Tar
collected at the bottom of each tank is pumped into tar collecting tank once
in 3-5 days.
Oil removal
Two nos. of MS air flotation tanks (flotators) of size 270 cum each are
installed. The over flow from the tar settling tanks is collected in vertical steel
tanks named phenolic water collecting tanks from where it is pumped to the
oil floatation tank No.1 through pressurised head tank No.1. Air (5% by
volume of water) is injected into the delivery line of the pumps before it is
pumped to the pressure tank. In the flotation tank, air bubbles through the
water as the water is de-pressurised and the oil is entrained by air bubbles
and floates at the water surface. The entrained oil is skimmed with oil
skimmer mechanism of floatation tank and is collected through the oil
discharge through to a tank. Tar and oil from the collecting tanks are finally
pumped to tar acid utilization plant.
Equalization tank
After removal of tar and oil the effluent is collected in equalization tank.
Equalization tank is an RCC tank with two chambers each of 1650 cum
capacity. Each chamber has one over flow tank. In equalization tank phenolic
effluent is thoroughly equalized with the help of air. Ortho-phosphoric acid is
added to the overflow of equalization tank as nutrient for the bacteria. 73%
strong ortho-phosphoric acid is added at the rate of 20 g/cum of effluent.
The over flow from each tank first goes to the settling chamber where sludge
gets settled down and the supernatant water over flows to the 1st stage
purified water collecting tank (P-1) of 90 cum capacity. The settled sludge
then flows to the attached regeneration tank from where it is recycled back to
the aeration tank with the help of air lifting pump. Phenol degradation takes
place with the help of phenol destructing bacteria of activated sludge
process.
Treated effluent from 2nd stage aeration tanks is collected by gravity into two
RCC tanks (P-2) of size 90 cum each. The treated effluent is then pumped to
effluent treatment plant for further treatment along with plant faecal sewage
water.
Process:
The phenolic effluent from MBC is discharged into the oil trap to remove oil
and then to the open launder located above the ground. The faecal sewage is
also discharged on the other side of launder. The combined wastewater flows
by gravity from the launder to the screens.
Screens are provided for arresting particles of size greater than 20mm. After
screening the combined effluent goes to detritors for removal of grit. The
screened, de-gritted combined wastewater flow to equalization tank.
The equalizing tank has three nos. floating aerators for mixing of different
waste waters with acid or alkali required for pH adjustment and minimizing
the sludge deposition in the tank. Wastewater from the equalizing tank is
then pumped to the aeration tank.