Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cold-Weather
Concreting
Winter Concrete
Winter concrete
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1
Relationship Between Final Relationship Between Slump
Set and Casting Temperature and Casting Temperature
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2
Cold-Weather Concreting
Methods to accelerate strength
gain:
Type 30 High-early-strength
cement
Additional portland cement
(60 to 120 kg/m3 )
Chemical accelerators
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3
Max. Permissible Temp. Differential
Between Concrete Surface and
Ambient Air Wind up to 25 km/hr.
embedded
thermocouples
and wireless
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Concreting data logger Concreting
4
Recommended Duration of (A) Recommended Duration of (B)
Concrete Temp. in Cold Weather Concrete Temp. in Cold Weather
Air-entrained concrete Fully stressed, exposed, air-entrained concrete
Protection from early-age For safe stripping Days at 10C Days at 21C
freezing strength Required %
Type of portland cement Type of portland cement
Convent. High-early Convent. High-early- of standard-
concrete, strength concrete, strength cured 28-day
Service category days concrete, days days concrete, days GU MS HE GU MS HE
strength
No load, not exposed,
2 1 2 1 50 6 9 3 4 6 3
favorable moist-curing
No load, exposed, but later
has favorable moist- 3 2 65 11 14 5 8 10 4
curing 3 2 85 21 28 16 16 18 12
Partial load, exposed 6 4
Fully stressed, exposed
Cold-Weather See next slide (B) 95
Cold-Weather 29 35 26 23 24 20
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5
Insulated Column
Forms Rigid
Enclosures
High-density polystyrene
plywood
Wood
Rough Canvas
plywood
Tarpaulins
Polyethylene Film
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Heated Enclosure
Direct-Fired
Heater
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6
Maturity Concept
M = (C + 10) t
where
M = maturity factor
= summation
C = concrete temperature, C
t = duration of curing at
temperature
C, usually in hours
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