UNIVERSITY OF KELANIYA

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (GENERAL) DEGREE (YEAR III)
SEMESTER II

PMAT 32113: Complex Variables

Tutorial 3

Due Date:07.11.2016

Submit the solutions for all questions.

2 in the open disk |z| < 1 then

Q 1. By using the definition of limit, show that if f (z) = iz
i
limz1 f (z) = 2 .
Q 2. Use definition of limit to prove that
2
(a)limzz0 Rez = Rez0 (b) limzz0 z = z0 (c) limzz0 zz = 0

Q 3. Let a, b and c denote complex constants. Then use definition of limit to show that
(a)limzz0 (az + b) = az0 + b.
(b)limzz0 (z 2 + c) = z0 2 + c.
(c)limz1i [x + i(2x + y)] = 1 + i. (z = x + iy)

Q 4. Let n be a positive integer and let P (z) and Q(z) be polynomials, where Q(z0 ) = 0
Find the limits of the followings
(a)limzz0 z1n (z0 = 0).
3
1
(b)limzi izz+i .
P (z)
(c)limzz0 Q(z) .

Q 5. Use mathematical induction and property of limits to show that

limzz0 z n = z0 n when n is a positive integer (n = 1, 2, ...).
Q 6. Show that the limit of the function f (z) = ( zz )2 as z tends to 0 does not exist.

Q 7. Use definition of limit to prove that

if limzz0 f (z) = w0 then limzz0 |f (z)| = |w0 |

Q 8. Write z = z z0 and show that

limzz0 f (z) = w0 if and only if limz0 f (z0 + z) = w0 .
Q 9. Show that limzz0 f (z)g(z) = 0 if limzz0 f (z) = 0
and if there exists a positive number M such that |g(z)| M for all z in some
neighborhood of z0 .

1
Q 10. Show that
4z 2
(a) limz (z1) 2 = 4

3 =
1
(b) limz1 (z1)
2
(c) limz zz1+1
=
Q 11. Find f(z) when
3
(a) f (z) = 3z 2 2z + 4 (b)f (z) = (1 4z 2 )
4
(1+z 2 )
z1
(c) f (z) = 2z+1 (z = 1
2 ) (d)f (z) = z 2 (z = 0)
Q 12. Show that
(a) a polynomial P (z) = a0 + a1 z + a2 z 2 + ... + an z n (an = 0) of degree n (n 1) is
dierentiable everywhere, with derivative P (z) = a1 + 2a2 z + ... + nan z n1 .

(b) the coecients in the polynomial P (z) in part (a) can be written

P (0) P (0) P (n) (0)
a0 = P (0), a1 = 1!
, a2 = 2!
, ... an = n!
.
Q 13. Apply definition of derivative to give a direct proof that dw
dz
= z12 when w = 1
z
(z = 0).

Q 14. Suppose that f (z0 ) = g(z0 ) = 0 and that f(z0 ) and g(z0 ) exists, where g(z0 ) = 0.
f (z) f(z )
Use definition of derivative to show that limzz0 g(z) = g(z 0) .
0

Q 15. Let f denote the function whose values are

{
z 2 /z when z= 0
f (z) =
0 when z=0

Show that if z = 0 then w/z = 1 at each nonzero point on the real and imaginary
axes in the z, or x y, plane. Then show that w/z = 1 at each nonzero
point (x, y) on the line y = x in that plane. Conclude from these observations
that f(o) does not exist.
Q 16. Give the proof of Cauchy-Riemann Equations by writing z = x + iy and z = rei
separately.
Q 17. Show that f(z) does not exist at any point if
(a) f (z) = z (b) f (z) = z z

(c) f (z) = 2x + ixy 2 (d) f (z) = ex eiy

Q 18. Determine where f(z) exists and find its value when
(a) f (z) = 1/z (b) f (z) = x2 + iy 2 (c) f (z) = zImz
Q 19. Show that each of these functions is dierentiable in the indicated domain of
definition, and also to find f(z)
(a) f (z) = 1/z 4 (z = 0)

2
 i/2
(b) f (z) = re (r > 0, < < + 2)

(c) f (z) = e cos(lnr) + ie sin(lnr) (r > 0, 0 < < 2)

Q 20. Show that when f (z) = x3 + i(1 y)3 ,it is legitimate to write f(z) = ux + ivx = 3x2
only when z = i.

Q 21. Let u and v denote the real and imaginary components of the function f defined by
means of the equations
{
z 2 /z when z= 0
f (z) =
0 when z=0

Verify that the Cauchy-Riemann equations ux = vy and uy = vx are satisfied at the

origin z = (0, 0).

Q 22. (a) With the aid of the polar form of the Cauchy-Riemann equations, derive the
alternative form
i
f(z0 ) = z0
(u + iv )

of the expression for f(z0 ) = ei (ur + ivr ).

(b) Use the expression for f(z) in part (a) to show that the derivative of the function
f (z) = 1/z (z = 0).

Q 23. (a) If z = x + iy then x = z+z

2
and y = zz
2i
.
By formally applying the chain rule in calculus to a function F (x, y) of two real
variables, derive the expression
F F x F y 1
z = x z + y z = 2 ( x +i y ).

(b) Define the operator

z = 12 ( x

+
y ).

suggested by part (a), to show that if the first order partial derivatives of the real
and imaginary components of a function f (z) = u(x, y) + iv(x, y) satisfy the
Cauchy-Riemann equations, then
f
z = 12 [(ux vy ) + i(vx + uy )] = 0