Michael Flach Ole Einar Bjoerndalen

Lillehammer, Norway 12-15 September 2010

Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

holzbaulehrstuhl
 Univ. Prof. DDI Michael Flach

how to design bridges

a methodical approach

ICTB 2010 Lillehammer

Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

holzbaulehrstuhl
 cooperation between
architect and engineer

holzbaulehrstuhl bridge of Leonardo da Vinci 1452 - 1519 Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 Bridge in As, Norway
Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
holzbaulehrstuhl Following the plans of Leonardo da Vinci
 architectural sketches Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
holzbaulehrstuhl
 Crest, F

Drau, A
collaboration architect - engineer Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
holzbaulehrstuhl
 design procedure (example 1)
ground profile
clearance profile under the
bridge span
supports

statical height
construction
placement of the costs
structure

type of exploitation
clearance profile above the
construction loads
width of construction

Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

holzbaulehrstuhl
 design process example 1

holzbaulehrstuhl pedestrian bridge in Grenoble, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 competition project

holzbaulehrstuhl pedestrian bridge in Grenoble, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 design procedure (example 2)

span
statical height construction
position of the structure costs
clearance profile
type of use

Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

holzbaulehrstuhl
 design procedure (example 2)
holzbaulehrstuhl pedestrian bridge in Grenoble, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
 Basic design rules for timber bridges

protection of the structure against weather

use of adequate assembly systems adapted

for timber bridge constructions

reduce moment bending effects in members

avoid perpendicular to grain tension

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 wrong choice of type programmed failures
non-linear stresses, torsion, no protection, no maintenance

Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

holzbaulehrstuhl
 in addition: for arched gluelam structures
concentrated loads perpendicular to grain tension

tension

Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

holzbaulehrstuhl
 However there is a trick !
To compensate perpendicular to grain tension by ..

forced displacement to introduce compensating bending moments

Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

holzbaulehrstuhl
 Structural systems for bridges

bending structures with full sections:

- beams, girders and slabs
bending structures with composed sections:
- trusses, lower chord structures
structures with intermediate support:
- strut and cabled stayed systems
funicular structures:
- arches, suspension structures, shells

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 Bending structures with full cross sections
rib systems I- and T-beams et box girders

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 Bending structures with full cross sections
shoulder to shoulder

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 Bending structures with full cross sections
nailed laminated -, gluelam-
and CLT- decks

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 Bending structures with full cross sections:
connected wood-concrete decks

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 bending structures with composed sections:
trusses, lower chord structures

triangular truss lower chord structure

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 Pedestrian bridge in Fliess / A

Pedestrian bridge in Orvault, F

holzbaulehrstuhl lower chord structures Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 trusses

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 triangular truss with suspensions and a connected wood-concrete deck

holzbaulehrstuhl heavy traffic bridge across the Sanne, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
 framework with suspensions and a wood-concrete deck

holzbaulehrstuhl heavy traffic bridge of Fayettes, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 framework with struts
and a wood deck

holzbaulehrstuhl pont pour circulation lourde sur la Dore, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
 truss with variable height

holzbaulehrstuhl heavy traffic bridge in Kssen, A Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 truss with variable height with a connected steel concrete deck

holzbaulehrstuhl heavy traffic bridge in Walpole / USA Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 systems with intermediate supports

strut system

cable stayed system

Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
holzbaulehrstuhl
 strut systems

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 polygonal arch in
Ajoux, F
strut bridge in
Pians, A

holzbaulehrstuhl pedestrian bridges in Ajoux, F and in Pians , A Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 strut structure with a connected wood-concrete deck

holzbaulehrstuhl heavy traffic bridge in Steinerbach / A Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 strut structure with a disconnected wood-concrete slab

holzbaulehrstuhl heavy traffic bridge on the highway A 89, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
 branched structure with a cross laminated timber panels, Crest, F

holzbaulehrstuhl heavy traffic bridge on the highway A 89, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
 cable stayed structures

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 cable stayed pedestrian bridge on the lake of Saint Point, F

cable stayed pedestrian bridge in Orvault, F

holzbaulehrstuhl cable stayed bridges Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 cable stayed bridges
holzbaulehrstuhl bridge in the valley of Lech, A Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach
 cable stayed bridge

holzbaulehrstuhl heavy traffic bridge in Avoudray, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 funicular structures

arch bridge

bowstring

suspension

holzbaulehrstuhl structural systems Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 Covered bowstring bridge

holzbaulehrstuhl Bridge in Blagnac, F Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach

 200 m heavy traffic bridge
Saint Gervais, F

1000 m pedestrian bridge

Ziegelwies,A Fssen,D

holzbaulehrstuhl timber bridges of the future Univ.-Prof. Michael Flach