2017 BAR EXAMINATIONS .
REMEDIAL LAW
1, General of Remedial Law
1.1 Concepts of Remedial Law
1.2 Substantive law vis-a-vis-remedial law
1.3 Rule-making power of the Supreme Court
1.3.4 Limitations on the Rule-making power of the
Supreme Court
1.3.2, Power of the Supreme Court to amend and
suspend procedural rules
1.4 Nature of Philippine courts
4.1. Meaning of a court
Court as distinguished from a judge
Classification of Philippine courts
Courts of original appellate jurisdiction
1.4.5. Courts of general and special jurisdiction
1.4.6. Constitutional and statutory courts
1.4.7. Courts of law and equity
1.4.8. Principle of judicial hierarchy
1.4.9. Doctrine of non-interference or doctrine of judicial
stability
2. General Principles on Jurisdiction
2.1 Jurisdiction of Courts
2.1.1. Supreme Court
2.1.2. Court of Appeals
2.1.3. Sandiganbayan
2.1.4. Regional Trial Courts
2.1.5. Family Courts
2.1.6. Metropolitan Trial Courts, Municipal Trial Court in Cities,
Municipal. Trial Court, Municipal Circuit Trial Courts
2.1.7. Shariah Courts
2.2. Jurisdiction over the parties
2.2.1. How jurisdiction over the plaintiff is acquired
2.2.2. How jurisdiction over the defendant is acquired2017 Bar Examinations
Remedial Law
2.3. Jurisdiction over the subject matter
2.3.1. Meaning of jurisdiction over the subject matter
2.3.2. Jurisdiction versus the exercise of jurisdiction
2.3.3. Error of jurisdiction as distinguished from error in
judgment
2.3.4. How jurisdiction is conferred and determined
2.3.5. Doctrine of adherence of jurisdiction
2.3.6. Objections to jurisdiction over the subject matter
2.3.7. Effect of estoppel on objections to jurisdiction
2.4. Jurisdiction over the issues
2.5. Jurisdiction over the res or the property in litigation
2.6. Jurisdiction over small claims, cases covered by the rules on
Summary Procedure and Barangay Conciliation
2.7. Totality Rule
3. Civil Procedure
3.1. Actions
3.1.1. Meaning of ordinary civil actions
3.1.2. Meaning of special civil actions
3.1.3. Meaning of criminal actions
3.1.4. Civil Actions versus Special proceedings
3.1.5. Personal actions and real actions
3.1.6. Local and transitory actions
3.1.7. Actions in rem, in personam and quasi in
rem
3.1.8. Independent Civil Action
3.2 Cause of Action
3.2.1. Meaning of cause of action
3.2.2. Right of Action versus Cause of Action
3.2.3. Failure to state a cause of actin
3.2.4. Test of the sufficiency of a cause of action
3.2.5. Splitting a single cause of action and its
effects
3.2.6. Joinder and misjoinder of causes of action
3.3 Parties to Civil Actions
3.3.1. Real Parties in interest; Indispensable
parties; Representatives as __ parties;
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Necessary parties; Indigent Parties;
Alternative defendants
3.3.2. Compulsory and permissive joinder of parties
Misjoinder and non-joinder of parties
.3.4. Class suits
3.3.5. Suits against entities without juridical personality
3.3.6. Effect of death of party litigant
3.3.7. Distinction between Real party in interest and locus standi
3.4. Venue
3.4.1. Venue versus Jurisdiction
3.4.2. Venue of real actions
3.4.3. Venue of personal actions
3.4.4. Venue of actions against non-residents
3.4.5. When the Rules on Venue do nor apply
3.4.6. Effects of Stipulations on Venue
3.5. Rules on Pleadings (include Pleadings allowed in
small claims cases and cases covered by the
Rules on Summary Procedures)
3.5.1. Kinds of pleadings
3.5.1.1. Complaint
3.5.1.2. Answer
3.5.1.2.1. Negative Defenses
3.5.1.2.2, Negative pregnant
3.5.1.2.3, Affirmative Defenses
3.5.1.3. Counterclaims
3.5.1.3.1. Compulsory counterclaim
3.5.1.3.2. Permissive counterclaim
3.5.1.3.3. Effect on the counterclaim
when the complaint is
dismissed
3.5.1.4. Cross-claims
3.5.1.5. Third (fourth, etc.) party
complaints
3.5.1.6. Complaint-in-Intervention
3.5.1.7. Reply
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3.5.2. Pleadings allowed in small claim cases
and cases covered by the rules on
summary procedure
3.5.3.Parts of a pleading
3.5.3.1. Caption
3.5.3.2. Signature and address
3.5.3.3. Verification and certification
against forum-shopping
3.5.3.3.1.. Requirements of a
corporation executing the
verification/certification of
non-forum shopping
3.5.3.4. Effect of the signature of counsel
in a pleading
3.5.4. Allegations in a pleading
3.6.4.1. Manner of making allegations
3.5.4.1.1. Condition precedent
3.5.4.1.2. Fraud, mistake, malice,
intent, knowledge, and
other condition of the mind,
judgments, official
documents or acts
3.5.4.2 Pleading an actionable document
3.5.4.3. Specific Denials
3.5.4.3.1. Effect of failure to make
specific denials
3.5.4.3.2. When a specific denial
requires an oath
3.5.5.Effect of Failure to Plead
3.5.5.1. Failure to plead defenses and
objects
3.5.5.2. Failure to pleas a compulsory
counterclaim and cross-claim
3.5.6. Default
3.5.6.1. When a declaration of default is
proper
3.5.6.2. Effect of an order of default
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3.5.6.3. _ Relief from an order of default
3.5.6.4. Effect of partial default
3.5.6.5, Extent of relief
3.5.6.6. Actions where default are not
allowed
3.6 Filing and Service of Pleadings, Judgments, Final Orders and
Resolutions
3.6.1.Payment of docket fees
3.6.2. Filing versus service of pleadings
3.6.3. Periods of filing of pleadings
3.6.4.Manner of filing
3.6.5.Modes of service
3.6.5.1 Personal Service
3.6.5.2 Service by mail
3.6.5.3. Substituted service
3.6.5.4, Service of judgments, finals orders or
resolutions
3.6.5.5. Priorities in modes of service and filing
3.6.5.6. When service is deemed complete
3.6.5.7, Proof of filing and service
3.7 Amendment
3.7.1.Amendment as a matter of right
3.7.2.Amendments by leave of court
3.7.3.Formal amendment
3.7.4. Amendments to conform to or authorize
presentation of evidence
3.7.5. Different from supplemental pleadings
3.7.6. Effect of amended pleading
3.8 Summons
3.8.1 Nature and purpose of summons in relation to
actions in personam, in rem and quasi in rem
3.8.2. Voluntary appearance
3.8.3, Personal Service
3.8.4. Substituted service
3.8.5. Constructive Service (by publication)
3.8.5.1. Service upon a defendant where his identity
is unknown or where his whereabouts are
unknown
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3.8.5.2. Service upon residents temporarily outside
the Philippines
3.8.6. Extra-territorial service, when allowed
3.8.7. Service upon prisoners and minors
3.8.8. Proof of Service
3.9 Motions (General Principles, Motion for Bill of Particulars,
Motion to Dismiss)
3.9.1,Motions in General
3.9.1.1 Definition of a motion
3.9.1.2, Motions versus pleadings
3.9.1.3, Contents and form of motions
3.9.1.4, Notice of hearing and hearing of motions
3.9.1.5, Omnibus motion rule
3.9.1.6. _Litigated and ex parte motions
3.9.1.7. Pro-Forma motions
3.9.2. Motions for Bill of Particulars
3.9.2.1. Purpose and when applied for
3.9.2.2 Actions of the court
3.9.2.3. Compliance with the order and effect of non-
compliance
3.9.2.4, Effect on the period to file a responsive
pleading
3.9.3. Motion to Dismiss
3.9.3.1. Grounds
3.9.3.2. Resolution of Motion
3.9.3.3. Remedies of plaintiff when the complaint is
dismissed
3.9.3.4. Remedies of the defendant when the motion
is denied
3.9.3.5. Effect of dismissal of complaint on certain
grounds
3.9.3.6. When grounds pleaded as affirmative
defenses
3.9.3.7 Bar by dismissal
3.9.3.8. Distinguished from demurrer to evidence
under Rule 33
3.10 Dismissal of actions
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3.10.1.
3.10.2,
3.10.3.
3.10.4,
3.11 Pre-Trial
3.11.1
3.11.2.
3.11.3.
3.11.4.
3.11.5.
3.11.6.
Dismissal upon notice by the plaintiff; Two-
dismissal rule
Dismissal upon motion by plaintiff; effect on
existing counterclaim
Dismissal due to the fault of plaintiff
Dismissal of counterclaim, cross-claim or third
party
Concept of pre-trial
Nature and purpose
Notice of pre-trial
Appearance of parties; effect of failure to appear
Pre-trial brief; effect of failure to appear
Distinction between pre-trial in civil case and pre-
trial in criminal case
3.12 Intervention
3.12.1.
3.12.2.
3.12.3.
Requisites for intervention
Time to Intervene
Remedy for the denial of motion to intervene
3.13 Subpoena
3.13.1.
3.13.2.
3.13.3.
3.13.4.
3.13.5,
3.14 Modes of
3.14.1.
Suboena duces tecum
Subpoena ad testificandum
Service of subpoena
Compelling attendance of witnesses; Contempt
Quashing of subpoena
Discovery
Deposition pending action; Deposition before
action or pending appeal :
3.14.11. Meaning of deposition
3.14.1.2. Uses; Scope of examination
3.14.1.3. When may objections to admissibility be
made
3.14.14. When may taking of deposition be
3.14.2.
terminated or its scope limited
Written interrogatories to adverse parties
3.14.2.1. Consequences of refusal to answer
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3.14.2.2. Effect of failure to serve written
interrogatories
3.14.3. Request for Admission
3.14.3.1. Implied admission by adverse party
3.14.3.2. Consequences of failure to answer request
for admission
3.14.3.3. Effect of admission
3.14.3.4. Effect of failure to file and serve request for
admission
3.14.4. Production or inspection of documents or things
3.14.5. Physical and mental examination of persons
3.14.6. Consequences of refusal to comply with modes of
discovery
3.15 Trial
3.15.1. Adjournments and postponements
3.15.2. Requisites of motion to postpone trial
3.15.2.1. For absence of evidence
3.15.2.2. For illness of party or counsel
3.15.3. Agreed statement of facts
3.15.4. Order of trial; reversal of order
3.15.5. Consolidation or Severance of hearing or trial
3.15.6. Delegation of reception of evidence
3.15.7. Trial by Commissioners
3.15.7.1. Reference by consent or ordered on motion
3.15.7.2. Powers of the commissioner
3.15.7.3._ Commissioner's report; notice to parties and
hearing on the report
3.16 Demurrer to Evidence
3.16.1 Ground
3.16.2. Effect of denial
3.16.3. Effect of Grant
3.16.4. Waiver of right to present evidence
3.16.5. Demurrer to evidence in a civil case versus
demurrer to evidence in a criminal case
3.17 Judgments and Final orders
3.17.1. Judgment without trial
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3.17.2. Contents of a judgment
3.17.2.1. Memorandum Decisions
3.17.3 Judgment on the pleadings
3.17.4. Summary Judgments
3.17.4.1. For the claimant
3.17.4.2. For the defendant
3.17.4.3. When the case not fully adjudicated
3.17.4.4. Affidavits and attachments
3.178. Judgment on the pleadings versus summary
judgments
3.17.6, Rendition of judgments and final orders
3.17.7. Entry of judgment and final order
3.18 Post-judgment remedies
3.18.1. Motion for new trial or reconsideration
3.18.11 Grounds
3.18.1.2. When to File
3.18.1.3. Denial of the motion; effect
3.18.1.4. Grant of the motion; effect
3.18.1.5, Remedy when motion is denied, Fresh 15-
day period rule
3.18.2. Appeals
3.18.2.1. Judgments and final orders subject to
appeal
3.18.2.2. Matters not appealable
3.18.23. Remedy against judgments and orders
which are not appealable
3.18.2.3.1. Final Judgment Rule;
Exceptions
3.18.2.4. Modes of appeal
3.18.2.4.1. Ordinary appeal
3.18.2.4.2. Petition for review
3.18.2.4.3. Petition for review on
certiorari :
Issues to be raised on appeal
Period of appeal
Perfection of appeal
Participation of the Solicitor General
during appeal
3.18.2.9. Appeal from judgments or final orders
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of the MTC
3.18.2.10. Appeal from judgments or final orders
of the RTC. :
3.18.2.11. Appeal from judgments or final orders
of the CA
3.18.2.12. Review of final judgments or final
orders of the COA
3.18.2.13. Review of final judgments or final
orders of the COMELEC
3.18.2.14. Review of final judgments or final
orders of the CSC
3.18.2.15. Review of final judgment or final orders
of the Ombudsman
3.18.2.16. Review of final judgments or final
orders of quasi-judicial agencies
3.18.2.17. Dismissal, Reinstatement, and
Withdrawal of Appeal
3.18.2.18. Dual Function of Appellate Courts
3.18.2.19. The “Harmless Error Rule” in
Appellate Decisions
3.18.3 Relief from judgments or final orders and resolutions
3.18.3.1. Grounds for availing the remedy
3.18.3.2. Time to file action
3.18.3.3. Contents of petition
3.18.4. Annulments of Judgments or final orders and
resolutions
3.18.4.1. Grounds for annulment
3.18.4.2. Period to file action
3.18.4.3. Effects of judgment of annulment
3.18.5. Collateral attack of judgments,
3.19. Execution, satisfaction and effect of judgments
3.19.1. Difference between finality of judgment for
purposes of appeal; for purposes of execution
3.19.2. When execution shall issue
3.19.2.1. Execution as a matter of right
3.19.2.2. Discretionary execution
3.19.3, How a judgment is executed
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3.19.3.1.
3.19.3.2.
3.19.3.3.
3.19.3.4.
3.19.3.5.
3.19.3.6.
Execution by motion or by independent
action
Issuance and contents of a writ of execution
Execution of judgments for money
Execution of judgments for specific acts
Execution of special judgments
Effect of levy on third persons
3.19.4. Properties exempt form execution
3.19.5. Proceedings where property is claimed by third
persons
3.19.5.1
In relation to third party claim in attachment
and replevin
3.19.6, Rules in Redemption
3.19.7. Examination of Judgment Obligor when Judgment
is unsatisfied
3.19.8. Examination of Obligor of Judgment Obligor
3.19.9. Effect of Judgment or Final Orders
3.19.10. Enforcement and Effect of Foreign Judgments or
Final Orders
3.20 Provisional Remedies
3.20.1 Preliminary Attachment
3.20.1.1
3.20.1.2.
3.20.1.3.
3.20.1.4.
3.20.1.5.
3.20.1.6.
3.20.1.7.
Grounds for issuance of writ of attachment
Requisites
Issuance and contents of order of
attachment; affidavit and bond
Rule on prior or contemporaneous service of
summons
Manner of attaching real and personal
property; when property attached is claimed
by third persons
Discharge and the counter-bond
Satisfaction of judgment out of property
attached
3.20.2 Preliminary Injunction
3.20.2.1.
3.20.2.2.
Definitions and Differences: Preliminary
Injunction and Temporary Restraining Order
Requisites
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3.20.2.3.
3.20.2.4.
3.20.25.
3.20.2.6.
3.20.2.7.
3.20.2.8.
3.20.2.9.
Kinds of Injunction
When writ may be issued
Grounds for issuance of preliminary
injunction
Grounds for objection to, or for the
dissolution of injunction or restraining order
Duration of TRO :
In relation to RA 8975, Ban on issuance of
TRO or Writ of Injunction in cases involving
government infrastructure projects
Rule on prior or contemporaneous service of
summons in relation to attachment
3.20.3 Receivership
3.20.3.1
3.20.3.2.
3.20.3.3.
3.20.3.4.
3.20.3.5.
3.20.3.6.
3.20.4 Replevin
3.20.4.1.
3.20.4.2.
3.20.4.3.
3.20.4.4.
Cases when receiver may be appointed
Requisites
Requirements before issuance of an Order
General powers of a receiver
Two (2) kinds of bonds
Termination of receivership
When may writ be issued
Requisites
Affidavit and Bond; Redelivery Bond
Sheriff's duty in the implementation of the
writ; when property is claimed by third party
3.20.5, Nature of provisional remedies
3.20.6. Jurisdiction over provisional remedies
Special civil actions
3.21.1 Interpleader
3.21.1.1
3.21.1.2.
Requisites for interpleader
When to file
3.21.2 Declaratory reliefs and similar remedies
3.21.2.1.
3.21.2.2.
3.21.2.3.
Who may file the action
Redquisites of action for declaratory
relief
When court may refuse to make judicial
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declaration
3.21.2.4. Conversion to ordinary action
3.21.2.5. Proceedings considered as similar
remedies
3.21.2.5.1. Reformation of an instrument
3.21.2.5.2. Consolidation of ownership
3.21.2.5.3. Quieting of title to real
property
3.21.3 Review of judgments and final orders or resolutions of
the Comelec and COA.
3.21.3.1. Application of Rule 65 under Rule 64
3.21.3.2. Distinction in the application of Rule 65 to
judgments of the COMELEC and COA and
the application of Rule 65 to other tribunals,
persons and officers
3.21.4 Certiorari, prohibition and mandamus
3.21.4.1 Definitions and distinctions
3.21.4.1.4 Certiorari distinguished from
appeal by certiorari
3.21.4.1.2. Prohibition and mandamus
distinguished from injunction
3.21.4.2. Requisites
3.21.4.3. _ When petition for certiorari, prohibition and
mandamus is proper
3.21.4.4. __ Injunctive Relief
3.21.45. Exceptions to filing of motion for
reconsideration before filing petition
3.21.46. Reliefs petitioner is entitled to
3.21.4.7. Actions/Omissions of MTC/RTC in election
cases
3.21.4.8. | When and where to file petition
3.21.4.9. Effects of filing of an unmeritorious petition
3.21.5 Quo warranto
3.21.5.1 Distinguished form Quo warranto in the
Omnibus Election Code
22152. When government commence an action
against individuals
3.21.5.3. When individual may commence an action
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3.21.5.4. Judgment in Quo Warranto action
3.21.5.5. _ Rights of a person adjudged entitled to public
office
3.21.6 Expropriation
3.21.6.1. _ Matters to allege in complaint for
expropriation
3.21.6.2. Two stages in every action for expropriation
3.21.6.3. When plaintiff can immediately enter into
possession of the real property, in relation to
RA 8974
3.21.6.4. New System of immediate payment of initial
just compensation
3.21.6.5. Defenses and objections
3.21.6.6. Order of Expropriation
3.21.67. Ascertainment of just compensation
3.21.6.8. Appointment of Commissioners;
Commissioner's report; Court action upon
commissioner's report
3.21.6.9. Rights of plaintiff upon judgment and
payment
3.21.6.10. Effect of recording of judgment
3.21.7 Foreclosure of real estate mortgage
3.21.7.1. Judgment on foreclosure for payment or sale
3.21.7.2. Sale of mortgaged property; effect
3.21.7.3. Disposition of proceeds of sale
3.21.7.4. Deficiency judgment
3.21.7.4.1. Instances when court cannot
render deficiency judgment
3.21.7.5. Judicial foreclosure versus extrajudicial
foreclosure
3.21.7.6. _ Equity of redemption versus right of
redemption
3.21.8 Partition
3.21.8.1. Who may file complaint; who should be
made defendants
3.21.8.2. Matters to allege in the complaint for partition
3.21.8.3. Two (2) stages in every action for partition
3.21.8.4. Order of partition and partition by agreement
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3.21.8.5.
3.21.8.6.
3.21.8.7.
3.21.8.8.
Partition by commissioners; Appointment of
commissioners, Commissioner's report;
Court action upon commissioner's report
Judgment and its effects
Partition of personal property
Prescription of action
3.21.9. Forcible entry and lawful detainer
3.21.9.1
3.21.9.2.
3.21.9.3.
3.21.9.4.
3.21.9.5.
3.21.96.
3.21.9.7.
3.21.9.8.
3.21.9.9.
3.21.9.10.
3.21.9.11
Definition and distinction
Distinguished from accion publiciana and
accion reinvindicatoria
How to determine jurisdiction in accion
publiciana and accion reinvindicatoria
Who may institute the action and when;
against whom the action may be maintained
Pleadings allowed
Action on the complaint
When demand is necessary
Preliminary injunction and preliminary
mandatory injunction
Resolving defence of ownership
How to stay the immediate execution of
judgment
Summary procedure, prohibited pleadings
3.21.10 Contempt
3.21.10.1
3.21.10.2.
3.21.10.3,
3.21.10.4.
3.21.10.5.
3.21.10.6.
3.21.10.7.
3.21.10.8.
Kinds of contempt
Purpose and nature of each
Remedy against direct contempt; penalty
Remedy against indirect contempt; penalty
How contempt proceedings are commenced
Acts deemed punishable as indirect
contempt
When imprisonment shall be imposed
Contempt against quasi-judicial bodies
3.21.11. Nature of special civil actions
3.21.12. Ordinary civil actions versus special civil
actions
3.21.13. Jurisdiction and Venue
4. Special Proceedings
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4.1. Writ of habeas corpus
4.1.1.Contents of the petition
4.1.2.Contents of the Return
41.3 Distinguish peremptory writ from preliminary
citation
4.1.4.When not proper/applicable
4.1.5,When writ disallowed/discharged
4.1.6.Distinguish form Amparo and Habeas Data
4.1.7. Rules on custody of Minors and Writ of Habeas
Corpus in Relation to Custody of Minors (A.M. No.
03-04-04-SC)
4.2. Writ of Amparo (A.M. No. 07-9-12-SC)
4.2.1.Coverage
4.2.2. Distinguish form habeas corpus and habeas data
423 Differences between Amparo and search warrant
4.2.4.Who may file
4.2.5.Contents of return
4.2.6. Effects of failure to file return
4.2.7.Omnibus waiver rule
4.2.8. Procedure for hearing
4.2.9. Institution of Separate action
4.2.10. Effect of filing of a criminal action
4.2.11 Consolidation
4.2.12. Interim reliefs available to petitioner and
respondent
4.2.13. Quantum of proof in application for issuance of writ
of Amparo
4.3. Writ of Habeas Data (A. M. No. 08-1-16-SC) «
4.3.1. Scope of writ
4.3.2. Availability of writ
4.3.3. Distinguish from Habeas Corpus and Amparo
4.3.4.Who may file
4.3.5.Contents of the petition
4.3.6.Contents of return
4.3.7. Instances when petition be heard in chambers
4.3.8.Consolidation
4.3.9. Effect of filing of a criminal action
4.3.10. Institution of separate action
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4.3.11. Quantum of proof in application for issuance of writ
of Habeas Data
5. Criminal Procedure
5.1.
5.2.
5.3,
54
General matters
5.1.1 Distinguish jurisdiction over subject matter from
jurisdiction over the person of the accused
5.1.2 Requisites for exercise of criminal jurisdiction
5.1.3. Jurisdiction of Criminal Courts
5.1.4, When injunction may be issued to restrain criminal
prosecution i
Prosecution of offenses
5.2.1.Criminal actions, how instituted
5.2.2 Who may file them, crimes that cannot be
prosecuted de officio
5.2.3.Criminal actions, when enjoined
5.2.4.Control of prosecution
5.2.5. Sufficiency of Complaint or Information
5.2.6. Designation of Offense
5.2.7.Cause of Accusation
5.2.8.Duplicity of the Offense; Exception
5.2.9. Amendment or substitution of complaint or
information
5.2.10. Venue of criminal actions
5.2.11. Intervention of offended party
Prosecution of civil action
5.3.1 Rule on implied institution of civil action with
criminal action
5.3.2. When civil action may proceed independently
5.3.3.When separate civil action is suspended
5.3.4. Effect of death of accused or convict on civil action
5.3.5. Prejudicial Question
5.3.6. Rule on Filing fees in civil action deemed instituted
with the criminal action
Preliminary investigation
5.4.1. Nature of right
5.4.2. Purposes of preliminary investigation
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5.5.
5.6.
5.7.
5.4.3. Who may conduct determination of existence of
probable cause
5.4.4. Resolution of investigating prosecutor
5.4.5.Review
5.4.6.When warrant of arrest may issue
5.4.7. Cases not requiring a preliminary investigation
5.4.8. Remedies of accused if there was-no preliminary
investigation
5.4.9. Inquest
Arrest
5.5.1.Arrest, how made
5.5.2.Arrest without warrant, when lawful
5.5.3,Method of Arrest
5.5.3.1. By officer with warrant
5.5.3.2 By officer without warrant
5.5.3.3. By private person
5.5.4. Requisites of a valid warrant of arrest
5.5.5. Determination of probable cause for issuance of
warrant of arrest :
5.5.6. Distinguish probable cause of prosecutor form that
of a judge
Bail
5.6.1.Nature
5.6.2.When a matter of right, exceptions
5.6.3.When a matter of discretion
5.6.4, Hearing of application for bail in capital offenses
5.6.5. Guidelines in fixing amount of bail
5.6.6. Bail when not required
5.6.7. Increase or Reduction of Bail
5.6.8. Forfeiture and Cancellation of bail
5.6.9. Application not a bar to objections in illegal arrest,
lack of or irregular preliminary investigation
5.6.10. Hold Departure Order & Bureau of Immigration
Watch list
Arraignment and plea
5.7.1.Arraignment and Plea, how made
5.7.2.When should plea of NOT Guilty be entered
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5:73) When may accused enter a plea of z aully toa
lesser offense
5.7.4, Accused plead guilty to capital offense, what the
court should do
5.7.5.Searching Inquiry
5.7.6. Improvident plea
5.7.7.Grounds for suspension of arraignment
5.8. Motion to quash
5.8.1.Grounds
5.8.2. Distinguish from demurrer to evidence
5.8.3.Effects of sustaining the motion to quash
5.8.4. Exception to the rule that sustaining the motion is
no a bar to another prosecution
5.8.5. Double Jeopardy
5.8.6, Provisional Dismissal
5.9. Pre-trial
5.9.1,Matters to be considered during pre-trial
5.9.2. What the court should do when prosecution and
offended party agree to the plea offered by the
accused
5.9.3.Pre-trial agreement
5.9.4.Non-appearance during pre-trial
5.9.5. Pre-trial order
5.9.6. Referral of some cases for Court Annexed
Mediation and Judicial Dispute Resolution
5.10. Trial
5.10.1 Instances when presence of uaaiiaed | is required
by law
5.10.2. Requisite before trial can be suspended on
account of absence of witness
5.10.3. Trial in Absentia
5.10.4. Remedy when accused is not brought to trial within
the prescribed period
5.10.5, Requisites for discharge of accused to become a
state witness
5.10.6, Effects of Discharge f accused as state witness
5.10.7. Demurrer to Evidence
5.11, Judgment
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5.11.1
5.11.2.
5.11.3.
5.11.4,
Requisites of a judgment
Contents of judgment
Promulgation of judgment; instances of
promulgation of judgment in absentia
When does judgment become final (four instances)
5.12. New trial or reconsideration
5.12.1.
5.12.2.
5.12.3,
5.12.4.
5.12.5,
5.13. Appeal
5.13.1.
5.13.2
5.13.3
5.13.4
5.13.5.
Grounds for New Trial
Grounds for Reconsideration
Requisites before a new trial may be granted on
ground of newly discovered evidence
Effects of granting new trial or reconsideration
Application of Neypes Doctrine in Criminal cases
Effect of an appeal
Where to appeal
How appeal taken
Effect of appeal by any of several accused
Grounds for dismissal of appeal
5.14. Search and seizure
5.14.1
5.14.2.
5.14.3.
5.14.4,
5.14.5,
5.14.6.
5.14.7,
5.14.8,
Nature of search warrant
Distinguish from warrant of arrest
Application for search warrant, where filed
Probable cause
Personal examination by judge of the applicant
and witnesses
Particularity of place to be searched and things to
be seized
Personal property to seized
Exceptions to search warrant requirement
5.14.8.1. Remedies from unlawful search and
5.15. Provisional
5.15.1
5.15.2.
6. Evidence
seizure
remedies
Nature
Kinds of provisional remedies
6.1. General principles
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6.1.1. Concept of evidence
6.1.2. Scope of the Rules on Evidence
6.1.3. Evidence in civil cases versus evidence in
criminal cases
6.1.4. Proof versus evidence
6.1.5. Factum probans versus factum probandum
6.1.6. Admissibility of Evidence
6.1.6.1. Requisites for admissibility of evidence
6.1.6.2, Relevance of evidence and collateral
matters
6.1.6.3. Multiple admissibility
6.1.6.4, Conditional admissibility
6.1.6.5, Curative admissibility
6.1.6.6, Direct and circumstantial evidence
6.1.6.7, Positive and Negative evidence.
6.168 Competent and credible evidence
6.1.7. Burden of proof and burden of evidence
6.1.8. Presumptions
6.1.8.1. Conclusive presumption
6.1.8.2 Disputable presumption
6.1.9. Liberal construction of the rules of evidence
6.1.10. Quantum of evidence (weight and sufficiency
of evidence)
6.1.10.1. Proof beyond reasonable doubt
6.1.10.2. Preponderance of Evidence
6.1.10.3. Substantial evidence
6.1.10.4. Clear and convincing evidence
6.2. Judicial notice and judicial admissions
6.2.1. What need not be proved
6.2.2. Matters of judicial notice
6.2.2.1. Mandatory
6.2.2.2. Discretionary
6.2.3. Judicial admissions
6.2.3.1. Effect of judicial admissions
6.2.3.2. How judicial admissions may be
contradicted
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6.2.4. Judicial notice of foreign laws, law of nations
and municipal ordinance
6.3. Object (real) evidence
6.3.1. Nature of object evidence
6.3.2. Requisites for admissibility
6.3.3. Categories of object evidence
6.3.4. Demonstrative evidence
6.3.5. View of an object or scene
6.4. Documentary evidence
6.4.1, Meaning of documentary evidence
6.4.2. Requisites for admissibility
6.4.3. Best Evidence Rule
6.4.3.1
6.4.3.2,
6.4.3.3.
6.4.3.4,
Meaning of the rule
When applicable
Meaning of original
Reduisites for introduction of
secondary evidence
6.4.1 Parol evidence Rule
6.4.1.1
6.4.1.2.
6.4.1.3.
Application of the parol evidence rule
When parole evidence can be
introduced
Distinction between the best evidence
tule and the parole evidence rule
6.4.2. Authentication and proof of documents
6.4.2.1
6.4.2.2
6.4.2.3,
6.4.2.4
6.4.2.5,
6.4.2.6.
6.4.2.7.
Meaning of authentication
Public and private documents
When a private writing requires
authentication; proof of private writing
When evidence of authenticity of a
private writing is not required (ancient
documents)
How to prove genuineness of a hand
writing
Public documents as evidence; proof of
Official records
Attestation of a copy
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6.4.2.8.
6.4.2.9.
6.4.2.10.
6.4.2.11
6.4.2.12.
6.4.2.13.
Public record of a public document
Proof of lack of record
How judicial record is impeached
Proof of notarial documents
How to explain alterations in a
document
Documentary evidence in an unofficial
language
6.5. Testimonial evidence
6.5.1. Qualification of a witness
6.5.2. Competency versus credibility of a witness
6.5.3. Disqualifications of witnesses
6.5.3.1.
6.5.3.2.
6.5.3.3,
6.5.3.4.
Disqualification by reason of mental
capacity or immaturity
Disqualification by reason of marriage
Disqualification by reason of death or
insanity of adverse party
Disqualification by reason of privileged
communications
6.5.3.4.1. Husband and wife
6.5.3.4.2. Attorney and client
6.5.3.4.3. Physician and patient
6.5.3.4.4. Priest and penitent
6.5.3.4.5. Public officers :
6.5.3.4.6. Parental and filial privilege rule
6.5.4. Examination of a witness
6.5.4.1
Judicial Affidavit Rule (A.M. No. 12-8-
8-SC)
6.5.4.1.1. Scope and where applicable
6.5.4.1.2. Contents and Procedure
6.5.4.1.3. Application to criminal actions
6.5.4.1.4. Effect of non-compliance
6.5.4.1.5. Effect on other rules
6.5.4.2
6.5.4.3,
Rights and obligations of a witness
Order in the examination of an
individual witness f
6.5.4.3.1. Direct Examination
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6.5.4.3.2. Cross-examination
6.5.4.3.3. Re-direct examination
6.5.4.3.4. Re-cross examination
6.5.4.3.5. Recalling the witness
6.5.4.4,
6.5.4.5.
6.5.4.6.
6.5.4.7.
Leading and misleading questions
Methods of impeaching of adverse
party's witness
How the witness is impeached by
evidence of inconsistent statements
(laying the predicate)
Evidence of the good character of a
Witness
6.5.5. Admissions and confessions
a) Res inter alios acta rule
b) Admission by a party
c) Admission by a third party
d) Admission by a co-partner or agent
e) Admission by a conspirator
f) Admission by privies
g) Admission by silence
h) Confessions
i) Similar acts as evidence
6.5.6. Hearsay Rule
a) Meaning of hearsay
b) Reason for exclusion of hearsay evidence
c) Exceptions to the hearsay rule
1
RON
ZOernoea
5
Dying Declaration
Declaration against interest
Act or declaration about pedigree
Family reputation or tradition regarding
pedigree
Common reputation
Part of the res gestae
Entries in the course of business
Entries in the official records
Commercial lists and the like
Learned treaties
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14. Testimony or deposition at a former trial
6.5.7. Opinion rule
6.5.7.1. Opinion of expert witness
6.5.7.2. Opinion of ordinary witness
6.5.8. Character evidence
6.5.8.1. Criminal Cases
6.5.8.2, Civil Cases
6.6. Offer and objection
6.6.1. Offer of evidence
6.6.2. When to make an offer
6.6.3. Objection
6.6.4. Repetition of an Objection
6.6.5.Ruling
6.6.6. Striking out of an Answer
6.6.7. Tender of Excluded Evidence
7. Revised Rules on summary Procedure
7.1. Cases covered by the Rule
7.2. Effect of failure to answer
7.3. Preliminary conference and appearance of parties
8. Rule of Procedure for Small Claims Cases (AM No. 08-8-7-SC)
8.1. Scope and applicability of the Rule
8.2. Commencement of small claims action; Response
8.3. Prohibited pleadings and motions
8.4. Appearances
8.5. Hearing; duty of the judge
86. Finality of judgment
9. Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases (AM No. 09-6-8-SC)
9.1 Scope and Applicability of the Rule
9.2. Civil Procedure
9.2.1. Judgment and Execution; Reliefs in a citizen’s suit
9.2.2. Permanent Environmental Protection Order; writ of
continuing mandamus
9.2.3. Strategic Lawsuit against public participation
9.3. Special Proceedings
9.3.1. Writ of Kalikasan
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9.3.2.Writ of continuing mandamus
9.4. Criminal Procedure
9.4.1. Strategic lawsuit against public participation
9.4.2. Procedure in the custody and disposition of
seized items
IMPORTANT NOTES:
* The listing of covered topics is not intended and should not be
used by law schools as a course outline, and that this listing
has been drawn up for the limited purpose of ensuring that the
Bar candidates are guided on the coverage of the 2017 Bar
Examinations.
¢ All laws, rules and issuances pertinent to every subject and its
listed topics as of June 30, 2016 are examinable materials
within the coverage of the 2017 Bar Examinations.
* Principles of law are not covered by the cut-off period stated
herein
COMMITTEE FOR THE 2017 BAR EXAMINATIONS
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