18 Series Manual RevB English PDF

18 Series
Thermal Transfer Printer

Machine Manual
Revision B
Jan 2007
Thank you for purchasing this piece of MARKEM equipment.
MARKEM manufactures a wide range of primary, secondary, and end-of-line coding

solutions, as well as software to network all of your digital coding equipment together. This
includes equipment from MARKEM and other coding manufacturers. If you are interested in
learning more about our wide range of products, please visit our web site at:
www.MARKEM.com
From our web site, you can view the features and benefits of each of our products,
understand our experience in your industry, receive technical support, troubleshoot and
download brochures. Our web site is also available in a number of other languages.
Once again, from every employee at MARKEM Thank you.

m TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 General Information 11
1.1 Introduction 11
1.2 Copyright Notice 11
1.2.1 Contacting MARKEM 11
1.3 Description 12
1.4 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Options 12
1.5 Labels and Symbols 13
1.5.1 Retrieving and Downloading Images 14
1.5.2 Data Storage Capacity 14
1.6 Machine Specification 15
2 Safety 21
2.1 Introduction 21
2.2 General Guidelines 22
2.3 Machine Safety 23
2.4 EMC Considerations 23
2.5 Electrical Safety 24
2.5.1 Recommended cable protection: 24
2.5.2 Electrical safety testing (after installation) 24
2.5.3 Static Electricity Protection 24
2.6 Isopropanol Safety 25
2.7 Use outside the specification 26
3 Installation 31
3.1 Introduction 31
3.2 Package Contents 32
3.3 Installation of the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer 33
3.4 Installation Requirements 33
3.5 Bracket Installation 34
3.6 Locating Print Body and Print Anvil 35
3.6.1 Printhead Alignment 36
3.6.2 Printhead Gap 37
3.7 Power Supply 38
3.7.1 Printer Connection Points 38
3.7.2 Power Connections 39
3.7.3 Local User Interface Connection 39
3.7.4 Substrate Encoder Connection 310
3.7.5 External I/O Connection 310
3.7.6 Print Go Input Wiring 311
3.7.7 Fault and Warning Outputs 312
3.8 Encoders 313
3.8.1 Optional Encoders 313
3.8.2 Encoder Resolution 313
3.8.3 Encoder Setup 313
3.8.4 Loading a New Ribbon 314
3.8.5 Re- Connecting a Broken Ribbon 314
3.9 Print Position 315
3.10 Preparing for printing 317
3.10.1 Power up 317
3.11 Initial setup 317
3.11.1 Machine settings 317
18 Series m 2/07
TABLE OF CONTENTS m
4 Machine Overview 41
4.1 Introduction 41
4.1.1 Key Features 41
4.2 Models 42
4.3 Main Components 43
4.3.1 Model 18i 44
4.3.2 Model 18c 44
4.4 Print Designs 45
4.4.1 18 Series and Fonts 45
4.5 Image Files 46
4.6 Downloading Images 47
4.7 Dowloading Languages 48
4.8 Upgrading Firmware 49
4.9 Principles of Printing 410
4.9.1 Thermal Transfer Technology 410
4.9.2 Print Process 410
4.10 Operating Principles 412
4.11 Standard Mode Operation 412
4.11.1 Print Cycle Model 18i 413
4.11.2 Print Cycle Model 18c 414
5 Machine Operation 51
5.1 Introduction 51
5.2 The User Interface Panel 52
5.2.1 LCD Screen 53
5.3 Keypad 54
5.3.1 Navigation Keypad Button Usage 55
5.3.2 Navigation Keypad Button Functions 56
5.4 Icons 57
5.4.1 Menu Icons 59
5.4.2 Screen Quad Label Icons 510
5.5 Screen Types 511
5.5.1 Home Screen 512
5.5.2 Security Login Screen 513
5.6 Menu Screens 514
5.7 Reports Screens 516
5.7.1 View Menu Screen 516
5.7.2 Warning and Problem Alert Screens 518
5.8 Data Entry Screens 519
5.8.1 Prompted Data 519
5.9 Date Entry Screens 520
5.9.1 Literal Date Entry 520
5.9.2 Offset Date Entry 521
5.10 Setting Adjustment Screens 522
5.10.1 Current Setting Adjustment 522
5.10.2 Enumerated Choice Settings 522
5.11 Image Setup Screens 523
5.12 Diagnostics Screens 525
2/07 m 18 Series
m TABLE OF CONTENTS
6 Menus 61
6.1 Introduction 61
6.2 Menu Structure 62
6.3 Accessing the Menus 63
6.4 Image Selection Menus 64
6.5 Calibrate 65
6.6 Release Ribbon 65
6.7 Test Print of the Current Job 66
6.8 Print Settings 67
6.8.1 Print Position 68
6.8.2 Print Quality 68
6.9 Print Darkness 610
6.10 Engineering Menus 611
6.11 Set Date and Time 613
6.12 Manual Control 615
6.13 Digital I/O Control 616
6.14 Printer Settings Menus 617
6.14.1 Image 618
6.14.2 Print Initiation 619
6.14.3 Ribbon Setup 620
6.15 Password Change 622
6.16 Encoder Steps 623
6.17 Print Delay 624
6.18 Diagnostics 625
6.19 Statistics 627
6.20 Test Print 628
6.21 Select Language 629
6.22 File Management 630
7 Setup and Timing Issues 71

7.1 Introduction 71
7.2 Setup Issues 72
7.2.1 Print Anvil 72
7.2.2 Printhead Gap 72
7.2.3 Ribbons 72
7.3 Important Printer Settings 73
7.4 Print Darkness 73
7.4.1 Print Speed 74
7.5 Print Signal Issues 74
7.5.1 Debounce Time 74
7.5.2 Print Delay 74
7.6 Moving the Printed Image 75
7.6.1 Registration 75
7.6.2 Offset 75
7.7 Timing issues 76
7.8 Distance between prints on the ribbon 76
7.9 Distance between prints on the substrate 76
18 Series m 2/07
TABLE OF CONTENTS m
8 Technical Information 81
8.1 Introduction 81
8.2 The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer 82
8.3 Printer Components 83
8.3.1 Intermittent Drive System - Model 18i Printer 84
8.3.2 Continuous Drive System - Model 18i Printer 85
8.3.3 Ribbon Drive System 86
8.4 The Printhead Module 87
8.4.1 The Print Mechanism Components 88
8.4.2 Printhead Mechanism Operation 89
8.5 Printhead Assembly 811
8.5.1 Printhead Voltage Control 811
8.6 Printer Orientation 812
8.7 Printer Calibration 814
8.7.1 Ribbon Movement Calibration 815
8.7.2 Ribbon Movement Roller 816
8.7.3 Ribbon Tension Roller 816
8.8 Printer Electrical Components 817
8.8.1 Stepper Motors 818
8.8.2 Encoder 818
8.9 Power Configuration 819
8.9.1 Mains Power Switch 819
8.10 Printer Connection Points 819
8.10.1 Power Connections 820
8.10.2 Local User Interface Connection 820
8.10.3 Substrate Encoder Connection 821
8.10.4 External I/O Connection 821
8.10.5 Printer PCB 822
8.10.6 Printer PCB Components 822
8.10.7 Printer PCB Fuse 822
8.10.8 Printer PCB Connectors 823
9 Maintenance 91
9.1 Introduction 91
9.2 Cleaning and Care 92
9.2.1 Quick/Regular Checks 92
9.2.2 Monthly Checks 92
9.3 Care of the Printhead 93
9.4 Cleaning the Printhead 93
9.5 Replacing the Printhead 94
9.5.1 Removing the damaged printhead 94
9.5.2 Setting the correct Printhead Resistance 95
9.6 Replacing the Peel Roller 97
9.7 Replacing the Ribbon Guide Rollers 98
9.8 Replacing the Ribbon Movement Roller 99
9.8.1 Replacing the Ribbon Movement Sensor 910
9.9 Replacing the Ribbon Tension Roller 911
9.10 Replacing the Ribbon Tension Sensor 912
9.11 Sensor Calibration 913
9.11.1 Calibration procedure 915
9.12 Replacing the Solenoid 917
9.13 Replacing the Drive Belt - Intermittent 918
9.14 Replacing the Printer PCBs 919
2/07 m 18 Series
m TABLE OF CONTENTS
10 Troubleshooting 101
10.1 Introduction 101
10.2 Fault and Warning Messages 102
10.2.1 Fault Messages 102
10.2.2 Warning Messages 107
10.3 Common Issues 1011
10.3.1 No Power to the Printer 1011
10.3.2 Printhead Cables 1011
10.3.3 Encoder 1011
10.4 No Information Is Printed 1011
10.5 The Printhead Does Not Move Out 1011
10.6 Drive System Issues 1012
10.6.1 Ribbon is not driving 1012
10.6.2 Ribbon Drive Problems 1012
10.6.3 Ribbon Creasing 1012
10.6.4 Ribbon Breaking or Scuffing Prints 1012
10.6.5 Ribbon Coning (Continuous Printers) 1013
10.6.6 Peel Roller Problems 1013
10.6.7 Head not returning to home position 1013
10.7 Printhead Module Carriage Drive Problems 1014
10.8 Display Issues 1014
10.8.1 Back light only lit 1014
10.8.2 LCD only, no Back light 1014
10.8.3 Display is totally blank 1014
10.9 Print Quality Problems 1015
10.9.1 Faded print 1015
10.9.2 Faded on one side 1016
10.9.3 Blurred edges 1016
10.9.4 Missing lines perpendicular to printhead 1016
10.9.5 Print rubs off 1016
10.9.6 Elongated or compressed print 1017
10.9.7 Double printing 1017
10.9.8 Prints occur on every other product (or less) 1017
10.10 Image Selection Problems 1018
10.10.1 Selecting an Image 1018
10.10.2 Image corruption problems 1018
10.11 Checking Database Information 1018
10.11.1 Local 1018
11 Recommended Spares 111

11.1 Consumables 111
11.2 Replacement Parts 111
18 Series m 2/07
TABLE OF CONTENTS m
2/07 m 18 Series
SECTION 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 1 - GENERAL INFORMATION
1 General Information
1.1 Introduction
This Manual along with the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Quick Start Guide,
set out to explain how to safely install, operate and service your 18 Series
Thermal Transfer Printer.
The Operator Manual is available in Adobe Acrobat PDF in various languages on
the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer CD.
The manual format is designed to be printed onto 8" x 11" (203mm x 279.5mm)
paper, but can also be printed onto 8.5" x 11" (216mm x 279.5) (Previous
MARKEM manual paper size) or A4 (210mm x 297mm)
Please contact your local supplier for details.
1.2 Copyright Notice

Original Copyright 2006 MARKEM. All rights reserved.
Reproduction of any or part of this manual in any form whatsoever without the
expressed written permission of MARKEM is forbidden. The contents of this
manual are subject to revision without notice.
All efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the contents of this manual.
However, should any errors be detected, MARKEM would greatly appreciate
being notified.
MARKEM make no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but
not limited to, the implied warranties and fitness for purpose. MARKEM shall not
be liable for any errors contained in this material or for incidental or consequential
damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
The use of non genuine MARKEM consumables and spare parts may adversely
affect the performance of the product and could invalidate the warranty.
Copyright 1995 - 2006 MARKEM Corporation.
1.2.1 Contacting MARKEM

Thank you for choosing MARKEM to provide printing solutions. If questions
should arise, please contact the local business centre that assisted with your
purchase.
Useful Web Sites
www.MARKEM.com
www.myMARKEM.com
18 Series 10/07 m 1-1

1.3 Description
The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is a small easy to use electronic coder.
The two models available are designed to be suitable as a direct replacement for
many different methods of coding.
The 18 Series printer consists of an external power supply a printing device and a
hand held local User Interface control module.
The 18 Series prints batch codes, best before dates and other variable
information directly onto packaging labels, substrate and other materials. The
size, position and style of the image are fixed at the creation stage, but certain text
field information can be edited during the selection process. Time and Date
information is automatically updated by the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer
real time clock.
1.4 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Options
Models available
Model 18i - Intermittent

Model 18c - Left Hand Continuous
Model 18c - Right Hand Continuous
1-2 m 18 Series 10/07

1.5 Labels and Symbols
Serial/I.D./Rating Label
These labels are located on the rear of the printer and power supply units and
indicate the following:
Machine type
Electrical specifications
Year of manufacture
Serial number
Fuse
Cable connector labels
1 2 3
1) User Interface Connection

2) External I/O Connection
3) Encoder Connection
18 Series 10/07 m 1-3

1.5.1 Retrieving and Downloading Images

Image information can be downloaded by means of a USB memory stick.
1.5.2 Data Storage Capacity

The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer internal memory is used to store image
information and user interface text. The 18 Series has 100 default images
available for selection, with the option of replacing these with image designs
created with MARKEMs CoLOS create software package. Image information and
User Interface languages can be download using a USB memory stick.
Please consult your local MARKEM sales official or distributer for a complete list
of available languages.
Available languages:
English
Spanish
Brazilian Portuguese
Polish
Russian
Turkish
Korean
Chinese
Arabic
1-4 m 18 Series 10/07

1.6 Machine Specification
Table 11: 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Specification

30 mm wide x 40 mm long
Print Area
Model 18c - Continuous
30 mm wide x 40 mm long
Substrate Area Unlimited.

100 or 225 mm/s
Print Speed
40 - 450 mm/s

120 ppm with a 40 mm image
Max Pack Rate
120 ppm with a 40 mm image (180 mm bag)
Printhead
200 dpi (8 dots/mm).
Resolution
Intermittent Printers - 0.5mm - 3mm

Printhead Gap
Continuous Printers - 0.5mm - 3mm
Print Method Thermal Transfer.
Power Supply ~ 90 - 260V 50 - 60 Hz
Operating environment of:

Environmental
4o C to 40o C
Noise Levels <70.0 dB (A)
Height 166 mm x Width 180 mm width x Depth 155 mm.

Printer
Allow a minimum of 20 mm for the mounting block and
Dimensions
20 mm for the electrical connectors
Weight Printer 8.5 Kgs, Power supply 2 Kgs, Bracket 10 Kgs
18 Series 10/07 m 1-5

Table 11: 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Specification
Maximum ribbon length (3811/3911) 450 metres (3818)

450 metres
Maximum ribbon width 33 mm
Ribbon
Minimum ribbon width 20 mm
Cardboard core Dia 25.4 mm
Plastic core Dia 25.6 mm
An extensive range of approved MARKEM ribbons are

available including Black, White and a selection of other
Colours colours. Only MARKEM approved ribbons must be used
to enable / maintain / and sustain the quality / adhesion /
performance of the printer.
Printing:
Font Styles Any True Type font.
Font Sizes Scalable to specific point sizes.
Orientation Any 90 degree orientation.
Barcodes See CoLOS manual.
Graphics Logos (*.bmp format)
Special Automatic Real Time, Date, Automatic Best Before End

Functions offset calculation and coding.
Inputs: Print Go input signal

Machine Interface
Outputs: Faults and Warnings
Hand held Keypad with a monochrome128 x 64 pixel

Operator backlit LCD display. Six navigational hard buttons and 12
Interface numeric input hard buttons. Local entry of variable
information, complete with Full Diagnostics capability.
Computer
USB memory card.
Interface
MARKEM CoLOS Create for Windows design package,

Design Software
for PC Operation.
1-6 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 2
SAFETY

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 2 - SAFETY
2 Safety
2.1 Introduction
This section describes how to operate the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer in a
safe manner.
Topics covered in this section include:

Machine Safety
Safety Regulations
EMC
Electrical Safety
Electrical Safety Testing
Static Electricity Protection
General Guidelines
Isopropanol Safety
Misuse
Series 18 10/07 m 2-1

SECTION 2 - SAFETY
2.2 General Guidelines
1. ALWAYS disconnect the power to the machine before removing any cables,
covers or removing the printer from the host machine.
2. DO NOT operate the machine with any covers removed. All covers must be
in place using the appropriate number of fasteners.
3. All cables should be secured to the host machine to avoid any tripping hazard
or entrapment by moving parts.
4. Care should be taken when operating the Model 18i without a platen.
5. DO NOT insert body parts into the printhead opening whilst the printer is
powered as there is a danger that the mechanism will move without warning
and present a mild crushing hazard.
6. Ensure all reasonable safety precautions have been undertaken. However,
please ensure that when working with / or around the machine, every care is
taken to avoid potential hazards. ALWAYS take great care around the
machine not to slip, trip or fall. Especially if the machine is used in areas where
the floor may be wet or greasy.
7. When removing the printer from the host machine, care should be taken to
first ensure that the body of the printer is at a temperature that can be
comfortably handled.
8. Safety shoes should be worn when installing or removing the printer body
from packaging machinery. These units are heavy and there is a danger of
injury if dropped.
9. MARKEM cannot guarantee the safety and / or suitability of non-MARKEM
print ribbon. The standard certification may be compromised if non MARKEM
ribbon is used.
10. If non-MARKEM ribbon is used, it is recommended that anti static properties
be considered.
11. Please read the Isopropanol Safety Data Information prior to using
Isopropanol with any MARKEM product.
12. There is a non-replaceable lithium battery mounted on the control board
assembly. Under no circumstances should this be replaced (it should last for
the lifetime of the printer).
2-2 m Series 18 10/07

SECTION 2 - SAFETY
2.3 Machine Safety

The product is designed to conform to all appropriate EU Machine Safety
Regulations.
All relevant Safety Procedures must be followed.
WARNING: Failure to do so may invalidate the warranty.
Please read through this section before any operation of the machine is
undertaken.
2.4 EMC Considerations

To maintain the integrity of the EMC precautions taken with the 18 Series Thermal
Transfer Printer. Any additional wiring or modifications should include appropriate
EMC precautions.
Series 18 10/07 m 2-3

SECTION 2 - SAFETY
2.5 Electrical Safety

This printer is designed for use with supply systems that conform to IEC 664 light
industrial / domestic installation category II mains supply and must be
appropriately earthed.
2.5.1 Recommended cable protection:
Fuses
Use 10A HRC or HBC types with a minimum of 95A RMS symmetrical
prospective current rating at a 10ms minimum pre-arcing time e.g. ASTA
certified to BS88 part 2 pull cap type or equivalent.
CAUTION: For continued protection against risk of fire, only replace the fuse
with the same type and rating.
If the DC supply fuse (located on printer PCB) is replaced it must be replaced by
an HBC Style ceramic fuse with the rating shown as F5AL250V.
If the AC supply fuse (located on the power supply inlet connector) is replaced it
must be replaced by an HBC Style ceramic fuse with the rating shown as
T5AH250V.
MCB
Use 10A HRC or HBC types with a minimum of 95A RMS symmetrical
prospective current rating at a 10ms minimum pre-arcing time e.g. ASTA
certified to BS88 part 2 pull cap type or equivalent
MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker): to IEC 947-2 / EN 60947-2 and BS EN 60898
with a minimum instantaneous release response current of 10x rated current
(type D)
2.5.2 Electrical safety testing (after installation)

It is essential that the continuity of the protective bonding circuit and the
prospective short circuit current level be checked after the machine is installed
and the electrical connections, including those to the power supply are complete.
A competent person must carry out these tests.
Failure to carry out these tests will potentially result in an unsafe installation
and the equipment fault-clearance capability may not function correctly.
2.5.3 Static Electricity Protection

Excessive Electro Static Discharge (ESD) around the printhead area can cause
damage to the SmartDate printhead and printer circuitry.
Static reduction methods should be installed where static is seen to be a problem.
Common areas of static build up are the print platens, substrates and conveyors.
Methods such as carbon brushes on the substrate, earthed conveyor frames and
printer brackets, robust mains earthing and de-ionising guns are commonly used.
2-4 m Series 18 10/07

SECTION 2 - SAFETY
2.6 Isopropanol Safety

MARKEM can supply Isopropanol wipes for cleaning the Thermal transfer
printheads. Some general safety guidelines for using Isopropanol follows:
Handling
Use only in well ventilated areas. Do not breathe vapours or spray mist. Avoid
contact with the skin and the eyes. When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
Storage
Keep in a cool well ventilated place. Keep product and empty container away from
heat and sources of ignition. Take precautionary measures against static
discharges.
Series 18 10/07 m 2-5

SECTION 2 - SAFETY
2.7 Use outside the specification

This manual provides information about Safety, Installation, Operation,
Troubleshooting and Preventative Maintenance Procedures. Using the 18 Series
Thermal Transfer Printer in any other manner could damage the unit or be unsafe.
Please consult your local MARKEM Business Centre before using this 18 Series
Thermal Transfer Printer for anything other than the foreseen use.
Examples, but are not limited to:
Operating a system that is incomplete, cannot be serviced, or has been
modified without authorisation.
Failing to observe hazard requirements in the manual and / or on safety labels.
Combining or interfacing non MARKEM equipment with this system, other
than as intended.
Permitting a person who has not been fully trained to operate and / or service
the system.
Using unspecified supplies or material which may produce unsatisfactory or
unexpected results.
The information above is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and
belief at the date of this publication. The information given is designed only as a
guidance for safe handling use, storage, transportation, disposal and is not
considered a warranty or quality specification.
2-6 m Series 18 10/07

SECTION 3
INSTALLATION

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 3 - INSTALLATION
3 Installation
3.1 Introduction
This section describes how to install your 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer and
prepare it for operation.
The 18 Series package contents.
Installation Requirements.
Bracket Installation.
Locating the Printer.
Printhead Alignment.
Printer Connection points.
Encoders
Preparing for Printing.
Security
Series 18 10/07 m 3-1

3.2 Package Contents

The 18 Series kit contains:
1: Hand held User Interface.
2: 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer.
3. Power supply unit.
3: IEC 320 Mains Cables.
4: External I/O connector.
5: Allen keys
6: Sample Ribbon.
7: Safety and Installation Guide
Multi language instruction document.
8. CD containing the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer manuals and CoLOS
create software.
8: Documentation
QA Documentation / Printhead Care Sheet / CE Certificate / Out-of-box
Quality Questionnaire -this is to be returned via fax / email to MARKEM
Technologies Ltd.
Check that all items are present and undamaged before proceeding.
3-2 m Series 18 10/07

3.3 Installation of the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer

First time Installations should be carried out by a qualified MARKEM trained
service technician.
Please read all of the relevant safety instructions before commencing with any
installation work.
WARNING: Failure to do this will invalidate the machine warranty. and is
potentially unsafe.
3.4 Installation Requirements

Ensure that these services and control signals are available:
Power - ~ 100 - 230V (+/- 10%) 50 - 60 Hz
A Print Go Signal - This can be either a volt free contact which closes when
printing is required, or a 24 V DC signal from a PNP sensor (positive edge
triggered).
Encoder (Model 18c) Single channel, 500 pulses per revolution.
In cold environments it may be necessary to wait 20 - 30 minutes after power
up before running production. This allows the printhead to warm to the
necessary temperature to achieve acceptable prints. Alternatively production
can be started immediately, but the first few print may not be at an acceptable
standard.
Series 18 10/07 m 3-3

3.5 Bracket Installation

Bracket Installation requirements vary from one customer site to another and one
packaging machine type to another. Various bracket options are available to suit
the requirements of specific packaging machine types.
The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer will normally be supplied with the
appropriate bracket to suit customer machinery requirements. Please consult the
documentation supplied with the bracket for assembly and installation
instructions.
Figure 31: Intermittent Bracket
Figure 32: Continuous Bracket
3-4 m Series 18 10/07

3.6 Locating Print Body and Print Anvil

The mounting and dimensional requirements of the Printer Body are shown at the
rear of this manual. Additional space is required to interconnect cables.
Mounting pads are provided on three sides of the of the printer unit. These have 2
M6 holes for attaching the mounting plate provided with the unit. This plate has 4
M5 x 20mm tapped holes for fixture to the MARKEM bracket.
CAUTION: Ensure that the correct length screws are used.
The required print position on the substrate determines the position of the Printer
Body. Further small adjustments to the print can be made using Offset settings
via the Local User Interface.
Rigid fixing of the printer body is essential to achieve the best possible print
quality. If vibration can be transmitted to the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer,
the print quality may be affected.
MARKEM brackets are machined to very accurate tolerances, so that when
assembled with the printer in position, the printhead to print anvil distance is
correct.
MARKEM recommend this distance is between 1.00 mm to 3.00 mm.
Under normal circumstances no adjustment is necessary.
With non MARKEM brackets we cannot guarantee the accuracy of the
components and would therefore recommend that the printhead gap is checked
after assembly. Do not use metal objects to test the gap distance, use only wood,
plastic or other non-conductive, non abrasive materials.
Series 18 10/07 m 3-5

3.6.1 Printhead Alignment

The printhead is self aligning to a limited amount, but always ensure that it is
square to the platen / roller.
Figure 33: Thermal Transfer Printhead
Intermittent and Continuous Printers 1.0 mm - 3.0 mm gap
Figure 34: Intermittent and Continuous Printers

(1) Thermal Transfer Printhead
(2) Print platen or Roller
3-6 m Series 18 10/07

3.6.2 Printhead Gap

Adjustment to the print gap can be made by using the adjustment screw. First
loosen the mounting bolts, adjust the height and then re-tighten the mounting
bolts. For further details please refer to the Bracket Assembly Manual. Printhead
pressure settings are application specific and adjustments may have to be made
to suit different materials by using the Local User Interface.
1.0 mm - 3.0 mm
1
Figure 35: Continuous Printer

(1) Thermal Transfer printhead
(2) Print Roller
Ensure that the printhead is central to the roller and that the print gap is correct. In
some cases print quality may be improved by setting the printhead slightly behind
TDC by up to 1 mm.
2 1
Figure 36: Continuous Printer

Ensure that the printhead is in line with the roller.
Series 18 10/07 m 3-7

3.7 Power Supply

Connect the required power (90 - 260 V AC 50 - 60 Hz) to the power supply unit
using the IEC lead provided. A 10 A fuse is used in the mains plug connector, or a
10 A MCB is recommended to protect the supply cable at source. The IEC inlet
contains 20 mm T5AH250V ceramic fuses. The Power supply unit provides
24VDC for the Printer.
3.7.1 Printer Connection Points

The main connection points for the Printer unit are shown below:
3 4
Figure 37: Printer Connection Points
1. Power Connector
2. I/O Connector
3. Local User Interface Connector
4. Encoder Connector
3-8 m Series 18 10/07

3.7.2 Power Connections

The Interface between the Power supply and Printer is a single multi-core cable.
Connection is via a six way removable screw terminal (X14) on the rear of the
printer.
Table 31: Power Connection (X14)
Pin No. Function

1 24 VDC
2 24 VDC
3 0V
4 0V
5 Earth
6 Earth
3.7.3 Local User Interface Connection

The Interface between the printer and the Hand held User Interface is a single
multi core cable. Connection is via an eight way removable screw terminal (X17)
on the rear of the printer.
Table 32: User Interface Connection (X17)
Pin No. Function
1 24 VDC
2 0v
3 Transmit Data +ve
4 Transmit Data -ve
5 Receive Data +ve
6 Receive Data -ve
7 Cable shield
8 Reserve
Series 18 10/07 m 3-9

3.7.4 Substrate Encoder Connection

The Interface between the printer and the Substrate Encoder is a single multi core
cable. Connection is via a five way removable screw terminal (X12) on the rear of
the printer.
Table 33: Substrate Encoder Connection (X12)
Pin No. Function
1 5 VDC
2 Input 1 (Reserve)
3 Input 2 (Signal)
4 0V
5 Reserve
3.7.5 External I/O Connection

The Interface between the printer and the Host machine is a single multi core
cable. Connection is via a seven way removable screw terminal (X4) on the rear
of the printer.
Table 34: External I/O Connections (X4)
Pin No. Function

1 +24 VDC - I/O
2 PRINT GO Input (PNP sensor or +24V Switched)
3 0V
4 Fault Output NC (Contacts Open for Fault)
5 Fault Common
6 Warning Output NC (Contacts Open on Warning)
7 Warning Common
3-10 m Series 18 10/07

3.7.6 Print Go Input Wiring
Print Go Input using a voltage free contact (A)
If a voltage free contact (X) is used it should be wired between terminals 1 (24 V
DC) and 2 (PRINT GO). 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is edge triggered and
prints whenever the contacts close. Printing can not occur again until the contacts
have re-opened.
Print Go Input using a PNP sensor (B)
If a PNP sensor (A) is used connect as follows:

Power cable to terminal 1 (+24 V)
Signal cable into terminal 2 (PRINT GO)
Ground cable into terminal 3 (GND)
18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer prints each time the sensor changes from low
state to high state.
The Print Go signal can be set to use the falling edge of the signal by configuring
the setting at the user interface.
The input draws a maximum of 13 mA at 25 VDC.
7 21 7 321
24V 0V 24V
X Y
A B
Series 18 10/07 m 3-11

3.7.7 Fault and Warning Outputs
Fault - (Problem)
Pins 4 and 5 on the 7 pin I/O connector are the open relay contacts for FAULT.
Fault relay contacts open when 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is:
In READY mode.
Not in a position to print because of a PROBLEM
Warning
The Warning relay contacts open when a warning such as a low ribbon condition
is detected.
Pins 6 and 7 on the 7 pin I/O connector are the closed relay contacts for
Warnings.
The contact is closed when the printer is ready to print.
CAUTION: The relay contacts are suitable for a current between 10mA and 1A.
The maximum rating is 1A at 30VAC/DC. Control of higher voltages
(e.g. 100VAC) or currents must use intermediate external control
relays or contactors.
3-12 m Series 18 10/07

3.8 Encoders
(Model 18c only)
For continuous printers, an encoder is required to monitor the speed of the
substrate.
The 18 Series Continuous printer bracket is supplied with an encoder fitted.
For customers who are not using a MARKEM printer bracket the following
information is provided.
3.8.1 Optional Encoders

It is essential that the encoder measures the speed of the substrate at the point of
printing.
The encoder should be mounted so that the wheel of the encoder is running
against the print roller.
The Encoder setup can be configured from the Engineering Mode Settings menu
screen.
18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer requires the encoder to provide:
Between 2.8 - 150 pulses per mm of substrate travel.
The output connects to an NPN open collector output, operating at 24 V DC.
3.8.2 Encoder Resolution

The encoder resolution is expressed in pulses per mm and can be set to between
2.8 pulses / mm and 150 pulses / mm.
The standard 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer encoder has an idler wheel of
52.5 mm mounted on a 500 pulses per revolution encoder. This gives an encoder
resolution of 3.05 pulses / mm.
3.8.3 Encoder Setup

To check that the encoder is configured correctly select an image of a known
length. (supplied image number 99 is 40 mm) Print the image and then measure
the image to ensure that the length is as it should be.
Series 18 10/07 m 3-13

3.8.4 Loading a New Ribbon

Follow this procedure:
If necessary release the ribbon tension.
1. Fit a new waste take up core and load a new ribbon following the web pattern
on the rear of the user interface.
2. Ensure that there are no creases in the ribbon by rotating the take up reel by
hand.
3. Ensure that the ribbon is tracking parallel on the rollers and is positioned
correctly. The ribbon must be loaded so that it is only in contact with the
movable parts of the rollers.
4. Ensure that the ribbon is wound forward enough so that the transparent or
metalized lead section is not under the printhead.
5. With installations where access is restricted, the plastic forceps supplied with
the machine can be used to assist with webbing the ribbon.
3.8.5 Re- Connecting a Broken Ribbon

If a ribbon break occurs the following procedure should be used:
1. De-energise the motors by using the Release Ribbon function.

2. Do not tie a knot to re-connect the ribbon.
3. Wind the remaining waste ribbon onto the waste core.
4. Pull some of the unused ribbon from the ribbon supply and wind it onto the
waste ribbon take up.
5. Turn the waste reel by hand at least one revolution and keep the join between
the two as flat as possible.
WARNING: Failure to follow this procedure may cause unacceptable eccentricity
on the waste ribbon take up reel. This cannot be controlled by the
printer and may produce ribbon tension problems.
3-14 m Series 18 10/07

3.9 Print Position

The print position can be split into two parts:
Registration
Print Offset
Registration is the position of the print relative to the direction of the substrate.
This can be used to fine tune the position of the print on the substrate.
Example:
Print position
Target Box
Text
Direction of
Text
Substrate travel
Without a registration set. With a registration set.
Increasing the registration will move the position of the print further back on the
substrate.
Series 18 10/07 m 3-15

Offset is the position of the print relative to the Printhead.

This can be adjusted when narrow ribbons are being used.
Normal Orientation of print Direction Ribbon is moved by a

(No Rotation) 123 positive Offset.
Printhead
Dot 1
Right Hand Printer
Narrow Ribbon Outline
Direction Ribbon is moved Normal Orientation of print (No

123
by a positive Offset. Rotation)
Printhead Dot 1
Left Hand Printer
Narrow Ribbon Outline
Direction of Substrate travel
By Default the image is always printed as close to the outside edge as possible.
The offset always moves the image away from the outside edge towards the
printer body.
With a right hand printer this is away from Dot 1.
With a left hand printer this is towards Dot 1.
3-16 m Series 18 10/07

3.10 Preparing for printing
3.10.1 Power up
When first switched ON the 18 Series will automatically calibrate the ribbon
sensor and check the Tension sensor. This is done to check the ribbon diameter,
ribbon tension and also the datum position of the printhead.
If there are no problems the 18 Series will display the Ready screen. To start
producing, ensure that an Image has been selected and press Start.
If the Calibration fails an Problem message will be displayed. Check that the
ribbon is threaded correctly and try again.
If your 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer has been installed correctly and the
required image has been selected, your printer should now be operational.
3.11 Initial setup

Before operating the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer for the first time, certain
machine software settings will have to be established. These settings will vary
depending on the substrate being used and the speed of printing.
The choice of operating mode as discussed in the Overview section of the manual
will also have an impact on how the level of each setting is chosen.
These initial machine settings can be adjusted from the 18 Series User Interface.
Full details on how to do this can be found in Section 6 of the Operator manual.
3.11.1 Machine settings

Date and Time (See Section 6 - Menus)
Print darkness (See Section 7 - Setup and Timing Issues)
Print speed (Intermittent) (See Section 7 - Setup and Timing Issues)
Print delay (See Section 7 - Setup and Timing Issues)
Print direction (Continuous) (See Section 7 - Setup and Timing Issues)
Debounce time (See Section 7 - Setup and Timing Issues)
Series 18 10/07 m 3-17

3-18 m Series 18 10/07

SECTION 4
MACHINE OVERVIEW

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 4 - MACHINE OVERVIEW
4 Machine Overview
4.1 Introduction
This section provides an overview of the main features of the Model 18i and
Model 18c.
Topics covered in the section include:
Models.
Main Components.
Key Features.
Print Designs.
CoLOS Create.
Image Template Files.
Principles of Printing.
Operating Principles.
Operating Modes.
4.1.1 Key Features

Efficient Ribbon Usage: 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer automatically
controls the ribbon feed, no manual adjustment is required, minimising ribbon
usage.
Self aligning printhead: The print platen/roller does not require precise
alignment to the printhead, therefore reducing the need for periodic
adjustment.
Continuous model: The Model 18c has accurate tracking of the substrate
speed and sophisticated control of the printhead and ribbon feed to provide
the best possible print quality.
Reduced set up / down time: The printhead data is changed at the Local
User Interface.
High Reliability: the MARKEM experience of thermal printing and the latest
design eliminates the need for complex mechanical maintenance procedures
18 Series 10/07 m 4-1

4.2 Models
The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is available in two printer types.
Model 18c - Continuous (Left or Right Hand)
The type of model required is dependent on the application.
Figure 41: Model 18i - Intermittent

t
Figure 42: Model 18c - Continuous Left and Right Hand
4-2 m 18 Series 10/07

4.3 Main Components

The main components of the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer are as follows:
Printer power supply (1).
Printer body unit containing drive system and thermal transfer printhead (2).
Hand held Local User Interface (3).
Connecting cable for External I/O signals.
18 Series 10/07 m 4-3

4.3.1 Model 18i

This version is used with intermittent motion packaging machines and prints onto
the material when it is stationary.
The Model 18i printer in this mode has a print area of 30mm x 40mm and print
speed of 100 or 225 mm/s.
Model 18i uses a thermal print-head and thermal ink ribbon to print information
onto materials held against a flat print platen.
Printing occurs during the dwell time when the packaging material is stationary.
4.3.2 Model 18c

This version is used with continuous motion packaging machines and prints onto
the material when it is moving.
The Model 18c printer in this mode has a print area of 30mm x 40mm and print
speed of 40 to 450 mm/s.
Model 18c uses a thermal print-head and thermal ink ribbon to print information
onto materials held against a print roller.
The print-head is held in a fixed position and the ribbon is accelerated to match
the substrate speed. The printhead is then moved to contact position where
printing occurs as the substrate passes the printhead.
An encoder is used to establish the speed of the material being printed onto.
This makes it the ideal coder for continuous motion form fill and seal machines
and horizontal flow wrappers.
4-4 m 18 Series 10/07

4.4 Print Designs

The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer contains 100 pre-designed images.
Additional images can be designed using MARKEMs CoLOS Create image
design software and downloaded to the 18 Series via a USB storage device.
Images for the 18 Series printers are made up of fields arranged to give the
required printed image.
The fields available are:
Static text (can not be altered at the user interface)
User input text (numeric only)
Current Time and Date
Dates with a fixed offset
Dates with a fixed offset (updated by the real time clock)
Logos and barcodes (Created with CoLOS create professional version)
Note: Barcode images will be in Bitmap form and can not be altered once they
are downloaded.
The 18 Series supports Unicode characters and the user now has a wide choice
of languages, although this may be limited to a Sub set of 128 characters.
4.4.1 18 Series and Fonts

The 18 Series supports any font available to CoLOS create at the design stage.
18 Series 10/07 m 4-5

4.5 Image Files

A selection of images are pre-loaded into the 18 Series database.
Additional images acan be created using MARKEM's CoLOS Create or CoLOS
Create Professional Image Design Software packages.
When creating an Image, the user can structure how the finished image will look.
The style and size of font, the Barcode type if being used and other details about
the image are established when creating the Image Template.
Examples:
Arial 10 pt Font Arial 8 pt Font Times New Roman Rotated
Current Date: ddmm yy 20 06 06 20 06 06 20 06 06

Current Date: mm yyyy
20 06 06
06 2006 06 2006 06 2006
Date with Offset: dd mm yy 20 07 06 20 07 06 20 07 06
Date with Offset: mm yyyy 07 2006 07 2006 07 2006
07 2006 07 2006 07 2006
Current Date: mm yyyy
14:06
07 2006
with Time 14:06 14:06
6173
Current Date: mm yyyy 07 2006 07 2006
with Julian Date: yjjj 6173
6173
Lot Code, Current Julian Date
and Time: vv yjjj hh:mm 00 6173 09:11
Text with Current date and Produced

Offset date: Produced ddmmyy 20 10 06
Best Before mm/yyyy Best Before
07/2006
This information is then saved as a .Image or together with a Logo (Bitmap)

file.BBF
Note: Image names should start with a numeric value between 1 and 100
followed by an underscore and a short description e.g. 23_Peanuts.
Note: This will replace any existing image in the 18 Series database with the
number 23.
After creating an Image for an 18 Series printer using the CoLOS Create software
package, use the Print to File option in the File menu. The file can then be
copied onto a USB memory stick ready for transfer to the printer.
For full details about Image creation please consult the CoLOS Create Help Files.
4-6 m 18 Series 10/07

4.6 Downloading Images

Once you have loaded the USB memory stick with the required images you can
download these to the 18 Series local database.
The procedure for this is as follows:
1. Switch the printer out of Producing mode and into Ready mode.
2. Insert the pre-loaded USB memory stick into the USB connector on the front
of the printer.
3. After a short time you will be prompted for the password.
4. Enter the password 1234 (unless this has been changed) press Accept.
5. The File management screen is displayed.
1. Delete Images
2. Clear Images
3. Delete Languages
Back Select
6. Scroll to Add Images or Add All Images.

7. Select Add Images or Add All Images.
4. Factory Defaults
5. Add Images
6. Add All Images
Back Select
8. After a short time the images that are stored on the USB stick appear.
9. Select the required image and press Add.
10. If an existing image with the same number is in the database, you will be
asked if you wish to overwrite this image.
11. Press Confrim.
12. When finished remove the USB stick.
18 Series 10/07 m 4-7

4.7 Dowloading Languages

Language files can be obtained from MARKEM.
These can be loaded onto a USB memory stick by copying them from a PC.
Two files are required:
A .Language file
A .LFF (Language Font File)
The procedure is then similar to loading an image file except this time select Add
Languages.
6. Add All Images
7. Add Languages
8. Upgarde Software
Back Select
13. After a short time the languages that are stored on the USB stick appear.
14. Select the required language and press Add.
15. If an existing language with the same name is in the database, you will be
asked if you wish to overwrite this.
16. Press Confrim.
When finished remove the USB stick.
4-8 m 18 Series 10/07

4.8 Upgrading Firmware

Firmware upgrades can be obtained from MARKEM.
These can be loaded onto a USB memory stick by copying them from a PC.
The procedure is then similar to loading an image file except this time select
Upgrade Software.
7. Add languages
8. Upgrade Software
9. Get Log File
Back Select
17. After a short time the old version and the new version number are displayed.
Upgrade Software
Old: 0.2_06
New: 02_10
Back Confirm
18. Press Confrim.

19. The Screen will flash while upgrading.
Upgrading
Upgrading Do Not Remove Memory Stick
When finished remove the USB stick and re-power the printer.
Upgrading
Software Upgrade
Complete
Please Cycle Power
18 Series 10/07 m 4-9

4.9 Principles of Printing
4.9.1 Thermal Transfer Technology

The 18 Series machines use thermal transfer printheads, similar to the ones used
in Fax machines.
Thermal transfer printers can also operate without ribbon by using specially
treated paper which turns black when heated. This is the way fax paper reacts.
18 Series Thermal Transfer Printers always use ribbon.
Each printhead has a series of heating elements (resistors) along the print line.
These printing dots are 8 per mm and are covered in a ceramic glaze for
protection.
When printing, the printhead is moved out by activating a solenoid. This causes
the printhead to press the ink ribbon against the substrate or label. The heat from
the printhead dots melt the ink and the pressure of the printhead against the
substrate transfers the ink to the substrate.
4.9.2 Print Process

With the Intermittent printers, the step rate of the printhead carriage motor is in
direct relationship with the linear motion of the carriage.
The length of time that the dots are energised for is determined by the linear
speed of the printhead carriage.
With the Continuous printers, the length of time that the dots are energised is
determined by the speed of the ribbon, which in turn is controlled by data from a
speed encoder.
The print control processor determines which dots to energise and when to
activate them.
In both cases the length of each dot should end up at 1/8 mm to maintain the
aspect ratio of the character being printed.
4-10 m 18 Series 10/07

An example of how this works is shown below:

If an Intermittent printer were to print the following sequence:
Dots 1 to 12 are energised three times relative to the linear speed of the print
carriage.
Dots 4 to 8 are energised eighteen times relative to the linear speed of the
print carriage.
Dots 1 to 12 are again energised three times relative to the linear speed of the
print carriage.
If a Continuous printer were to energise the dots in this sequence it would be

relative to the ribbon speed.
In both cases the printed image would then look as follows:
12 dots = 1.5mm
Step 1
Step 3
Step 4
Direction of
Print
PRINT
Step 23
Step 24
Step 26
The resulting character may then be part of the design text or a part of a Graphic
or a Logo. This process happens extremely fast and the printed character may
only take a fraction of a second to print.
For example:
The above character is represented as 26 steps long, just over 3 mm. If the print
speed were 100 mm/sec, this character would only take approximately 3/100 of a
second to print.
18 Series 10/07 m 4-11

4.10 Operating Principles

The two printer types use different methods of operation specifically designed to
suit the running methods of the packaging machines being used.
The Model 18i uses a thermal printhead and thermal ink ribbon to print information
onto materials held against a flat Print platen.
The Model 18c uses a thermal printhead and thermal ink ribbon to print
information onto materials held against a Print roller.
Intermittent with Print Platen Continuous with Print Roller
4.11 Standard Mode Operation

The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer transfers ink from the ribbon directly onto
the substrate by means of a thermal transfer printhead. In this mode the ink
removed from the ink ribbon will be equal in size to the printed image on the
substrate.
For example, a 2 mm long print will use 2 mm of ribbon.
This is the normal running mode for 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer and will
usually achieve the best print quality results.
Certain conditions will determine the standard of print quality achieved:
The Substrate material being used
The type of Ink Ribbon being used.
The Speed at which printing is performed.
The Printhead pressure setting.
The Printer parameter settings
The gap between the printhead and roller or platen.
The correct combination of all of these will greatly improve print quality.
4-12 m 18 Series 10/07

4.11.1 Print Cycle Model 18i

The Model 18i has a print area of 30mm x 40mm and print speeds of 100 or 225
mm/s.
The Model 18i prints when the substrate or label is stationary.
The printhead is moved out during the dwell time of the packaging /labelling
machine, and then moved across the substrate / label while printing takes place.
The Intermittent model advances the ribbon during the return movement of the
printhead. The ribbon is only advanced by the same amount as it prints plus a
small margin to prevent images overlapping.
For example, if the image is 25mm long, the ribbon is advanced by 26 or 27 mm.
This keeps ribbon waste to a minimum.
The Model 18i can print Text, Bar codes (bitmaps) or Logos at any position within
the 30 mm width by 40 mm length print area.
The operating sequence is:
1. A Print Go signal triggers the print delay timer.

2. The print delay elapses and the printhead moves into position.
3. The printhead moves along a linear slide and prints the required information.
4. The printhead retracts.
5. The printhead returns to its home position and the ribbon moves along ready
for the next print.
The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is now ready for the next print sequence.
18 Series 10/07 m 4-13

4.11.2 Print Cycle Model 18c

The Model 18c has a print area of 30 mm x 40 mm and print speeds of 40 to 450
mm/s.
The Model 18c prints while the substrate is moving.
In this case the printhead only moves out to the print position and has no linear
motion.
A shaft encoder is used to track the substrate speed.
The ribbon speed is accelerated up to match the substrate speed before printing
can occur.
This is done by means of two stepper motors.
The Model 18c can print Text, Bar codes or Logs at any position within the 30 mm
width by 40 mm length print area.
This makes it the ideal coder for continuous motion form fill and seal machines
and horizontal flow wrappers.
The operating sequence is:
1. A Print Go signal triggers the Print cycle

2. The encoder signal determines the speed of the substrate.
3. The ribbon is accelerated to match the substrate speed.
4. The printhead is moved to the print position.
5. The required information is printed. (The printhead has no linear motion).
6. The printhead retracts and the ribbon is returned ready for the next print.
The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is now ready for the next print sequence.
4-14 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 5
MACHINE OPERATION
Series 18 Thermal Transfer Printer

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 5 - MACHINE OPERATION
5 Machine Operation
5.1 Introduction
This section describes how to operate the Series 18 Thermal Transfer Printer unit
once it has been successfully installed.

The User Interface
Screen Navigation
Icons
Screen Types
Security Login Screens
Menu Screens
View Menu Screens
Warning and Problem Alert Screens
Data Entry Screens
Date Entry Screens
Setting Adjustment Screens
Image Setup Screens
Diagnostics Screens
Special Screens
Series 18 10/07 m 5-1

5.2 The User Interface Panel
Producing
Image: 20
105
i
Menu Stop
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Series 18 Thermal Transfer Printer Keypad
The user interface screen comprises of an LCD screen and a 18 button keypad
interface. The (blue) buttons are soft labelled on the screen when usable.
The screen can support graphics and text and will normally have a three or four
line display. The interface allows the user to access the 18 Series menu structure.
The following options are available:
Time and Date configuration
Image selection.
User Input data entry
Printer Settings configuration.
Diagnosis of the system Inputs and Outputs
Statistical information about the printers performance.
5-2 m Series 18 10/07

5.2.1 LCD Screen

The 18 Series LCD screen is a monochrome (1Bit) 128 x 64 pixel screen.
The user has a choice of language.
Dependant on the printer function at the time, the screen will normally display with
3 or 4 rows of Text / Graphics.
The look of the screen will also vary dependant on the screen type being used.
Example of 3 row display:
Password Entry
**?
Cancel Accept
Example of 4 row display:
1. Image
2. Calibrate
3. Release Ribbon
Back Select
Series 18 10/07 m 5-3

5.3 Keypad
The Navigational keypad consists of six buttons.
Each button may have more than one function dependant on the screen being
viewed at the time.
For ease of reference the buttons have been given the following names:
Top Quad
Left Button Right Button
Left Quad Right Quad
Bottom Quad
The Numerical Keypad consists of twelve buttons.
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
0
The bottom left button is used to adjust the contrast of the screen.
The bottom right button is used to add a space between numbers.
5-4 m Series 18 10/07

5.3.1 Navigation Keypad Button Usage

In this example the Left Button, Right Button and Top Quad Button are
available for use.
Producing
Image: 20
105
Menu i Stop
The Left Quad, Bottom Quad and Right Quad are inactive.
In this example all six buttons are active.
Set Date
Current: 22-Aug.-2006
New: 22-Sept.-2006
Cancel Accept
The Left Quad and Right Quad buttons directly under the Arrows move the
cursor left or right.
The Top Quad and Bottom Quad buttons increment or decrement the month.
The Left and Right buttons Cancel or Accept any changes made to the screen
text.
Series 18 10/07 m 5-5

5.3.2 Navigation Keypad Button Functions

The function of each button is described below:
Table 51: Navigation Keypad Buttons
Button
Meaning Usage and Labels
Name
Left (Home screen Menus

Back to last screen
Button (Elsewhere) Back/Cancel
Move Cursor/
Left Quad (Data entry) Move cursor left
Selection left
Right Move Cursor/

(Data entry) Move cursor right
Quad Selection right
(Menu navigation) Previous menu

Increment one,
Top Quad (Data entry) Increase selection by one
Move up one
unit.
(Menu navigation) Next menu

Bottom Decrement one,
(Data entry) Decrease selection by one
Quad Move down one
unit.
Right (Home screen) Stop/Run

Action / Do it
Button (Elsewhere) Select/Accept/Confirm/Hide
5-6 m Series 18 10/07

5.4 Icons
Various Icons are used to indicate the state of the printer or menu options.
The Icons and their meanings are listed below:
Ribbon Status Indicator
The Ribbon Indicator is positioned at the left of the screen.

The ribbon Indicator is followed by a gauge made up of 10 increments with a bar
to indicate the extent of the gauge.
The span of the horizontal bar below the vertical bars indicates the maximum
ribbon capacity of the printer.
(MARKEM 3810 ribbon 450 Metres)
If you load a new 450 metre ribbon the gauge will indicate full capacity.
This is recorded when the ribbon is calibrated.
If a partly used ribbon is loaded the same procedure is followed and the gauge
adjusted accordingly.
This gives the user an indication of how much ribbon is remaining.
Series 18 10/07 m 5-7

Status Indicator
The Status Indicator is positioned at the top left hand corner of every screen.
On the Home screen the Status Icon supplements the Status Text.
i.e. Producing, Stopped, Problem.
This Icon animates to give the impression of movement when the printer is
producing.
Warning Status Indicators
This replaces the Status Indicator when a Warning occurs.

These flash alternately in time with the Status Text on the Warning Alert
Problem Status Indicators
This replaces the Status Indicator when a Problem occurs.

These flash alternately in time with the Status Text on the Problem Alert
Validation Indicator
This indicates that the Numeric data entered is within the acceptable range.
5-8 m Series 18 10/07

5.4.1 Menu Icons
Table 52: Menu Icons
Icon Menu Name
Main Menu
Engineering Menus
View Menu
Settings Menu
Ribbon Status
Language Menu
Image Menu
File Management Menu
Series 18 10/07 m 5-9

5.4.2 Screen Quad Label Icons
Table 53: Quad Label Icons

Quad Icon Quad Button Action
i Enter the View menus where Job and Device information is

displayed.
Move the Cursor left one position.
Move the Cursor right one position.
Move up one menu place.

In enumerated menus, indicates the user can move up to
the next setting option.
Move up or down one menu place.
In enumerated menus, indicates the user can move up or
down to the next setting option.
Move down one menu place.
In enumerated menus, indicates the user can move down
to the next setting option.
Increment a setting one unit.
Increment or decrement a setting one unit.
Decrement a setting one unit.
5-10 m Series 18 10/07

5.5 Screen Types

The 18 Series User Interface supports various Screen Types.
The screen is generally divided into a grid of four rows.
Producing
Image: 20
105
Menu i Stop
The bottom row of the grid is always used for the Navigation Button labels.
The top left hand corner cell is always used for the System State
The screen types can be grouped as follows:
Table 54: Screen Types
Screen Type Description
Home Screen The main screen from which the user starts.
Used to navigate between different menu options or

Menu Screens
screen types.
Used to display a large amount of textual

Reports Screens
information. (i)
Data Entry Screens Used to enter data for Job setup or printer settings.
Diagnostic Screens Used to display real time dynamic data.
Used to display special information such as

Special Screens
Warnings or Problems.
Series 18 10/07 m 5-11

5.5.1 Home Screen

The Home Screen is the main screen from which the user starts.
This can either be the Stopped Screen or the Producing Screen.
The menus can be accessed from both versions of this screen.
Stopped Screen:
Stopped
Image: 20
105
Menu i Start
Producing Screen:
Producing
Image: 20
105
Menu i Stop
Note: Not all menus are accessible from the Producing screen.
5-12 m Series 18 10/07

5.5.2 Security Login Screen

If you select an option that has Password protection you will then be prompted for
a Login Password.
Password Entry
Cancel
Enter the default password 1234 and press Accept.
Password Entry
**?
Cancel Accept
Note: The Password can be changed at the user interface.
Series 18 10/07 m 5-13

5.6 Menu Screens

Menus are navigated by using the top and bottom quad buttons to move either up
or down through the menu structure. Alternatively enter the menu item number
using the numeric keypad to select the item.
After entering a menu, the top item in the list will be highlighted.
From this point the user can only scroll down.
The user scrolls down through the menu topics by using the bottom quad button,
or back up through the menu topics by using the top quad button.
1. Image
2. Calibrate
3. Release Ribbon
Back Select
Pressing the bottom quad button will select the menu item below it and move the
highlight to the middle entry screen.
The icon will change to a full height double ended arrow.
1. Image
2. Calibrate
3. Release Ribbon
Back Select
When the last topic is reached the first topic will reappear and the user can
continue to scroll through again if required.
7. Engineering
1. Image
2. Calibrate
Back Select
Note: Once the first menu item is again at the top the user can only scroll
downwards. (The menu does not Loop upwards)
5-14 m Series 18 10/07

Pressing Select will take the user into the highlighted menu options screen, in
this case the Darkness menu.
5. Print Settings
6. Darkness
7. Engineering
Back Select
Pressing the Back button will return the user to the last viewed screen, in this
case the Home screen.
Stopped
Image: 20
105
Menu i Start
Series 18 10/07 m 5-15

5.7 Reports Screens
These screens are available under the i menu and give full details of what is
expressed in abbreviated form on the Home page.
This includes full information about Warnings and Problems.
Information such the Software version number, Hardware serial numbers etc. are
displayed here. The information is static unlike the Diagnostics screens which
display real time status details.
This screen allows access to the following information:
Full details of Problems and Warnings.
Current Job details.
Details of the current Printer settings
Details of the Counts
Printer Version Information
5.7.1 View Menu Screen
The View Menu is available from the Home screen by selecting the i button.
Producing
Image: 20
105
Menu i Stop
This menu works in the same way as other similar menus but the available
options are for information only.
1. Faults and Warnings
2. Image Details
3. Settings Details
Back Select
5-16 m Series 18 10/07

With this menu you can view:

Problem and Warning details.
Current Job details.
Settings details.
Counts details.
Version Information
Example of the Faults and Warnings
Fault 1104
Calibration Failure
Initial Tension
Hide
Example of the Counts
Counts Totals
Good: 2005
Missed: 0
Back
Series 18 10/07 m 5-17

5.7.2 Warning and Problem Alert Screens

These screens inform you of problems or potential problems.
If a Fault occurs the Series 18 Thermal Transfer Printer will stop printing if in
Producing mode and the Fault Alert screen will appear.
The X will flash to indicate a fault. Pressing the right hand button Hide will stop
this.
In the case of a Warning the Series 18 Thermal Transfer Printer will continue
printing if in Producing mode. The Warning does not stop the print cycle.
An example of a Warning might be Low Ribbon
! Warning # 1201
Missed Print
A required print has been missed
Hide
5-18 m Series 18 10/07

5.8 Data Entry Screens

Data entry screens will vary dependant on the menu option that has been
selected.
These screens can be grouped as follows:
Prompted Data Entry Screens
Date Entry Screens
Settings Adjustment Screens
Image Setup Screens
5.8.1 Prompted Data

Prompted data entry screens collect input from the user as a result of Image
designs that requires variable data to be entered during the Image selection
process.
Because the Image design can prompt for different types of input, the screen
types vary.
User Defined Text
User Text
00 1234567899 0
Abandon Accept
User Defined Text is limited to 16 characters including spaces and is Numeric

only.
By moving the cursor along the line of text, each character in turn can be edited.
Use the Keypad to add or edit a number.
User Defined Dates
User Date
Current: 22-Sept.-2006
New: 22-Nov.-2006
Back Accept
User Defined Dates do not automatically rollover and will remain until a new
image is selected, or the current image is reselected.
Series 18 10/07 m 5-19

5.9 Date Entry Screens

There are two types of Date Entry screens that the User Interface has to
support:
Literal Date Entry
Offset Date Entry
5.9.1 Literal Date Entry

This screen is used to prompt the setting of a fixed date to be printed. There is no
calculation made on this date, it is displayed (Prompted) in the format that it will be
printed. This means that the fields that make up the date string, can appear in any
order, depending on how it was set at the design stage.
Set Date
Current: 22-Aug-2006
New: 22-Sep-2006
Cancel Accept
The cursor sits under the first set of numbers in the date string allowing for this to
be edited by using the upper or lower Quad buttons.
In this case the available numbers will depend on the number of days in the
selected month. (i.e. Dec. - 31 days)
If an incorrect day number is entered the Validation Indicator will be displayed as
an X and the Accept option will not be available.
Set Date
Current: 22-Sep-2006
New: 32-Sep-2006
Cancel
Incrementing the Month may also affect the day number.
5-20 m Series 18 10/07

5.9.2 Offset Date Entry

This screen is used to set an offset from the 18 Series internal clock and to
preview what the resultant date would be.
Set Date
Preview: 12-Sep-2006
Offset: 00-00-007 :Days
Back Accept
This example shows an offset of seven days, so the actual date that the 18 Series
internal clock is set to is the 5th Sept. 2006.
Set Date
Preview: 20-Dec-2006
Offset: 00-02-015 :Months
Back Accept
This example shows an offset of 2 months and 15 days, so the actual date that
the 18 Series internal clock is set to is the 5th October 2006.
Series 18 10/07 m 5-21

5.10 Setting Adjustment Screens

There are two types of Settings Adjustment screens that the User Interface has
to support:
Current Setting Adjustment
Enumerated Choice
5.10.1 Current Setting Adjustment

These screens are generally used to set a numeric value, where there is a range
of values that can be selected.
Darkness
Current: 100
New: 110
Cancel Accept
5.10.2 Enumerated Choice Settings

This screen is used to select from a list of pre-defined setting options -
Enumerated Data
Example:
1. 0 mm
2. 2 mm
3. 4 mm
Back Select
The symbol indicates that there are more options available, use the top or
bottom Quad buttons to select the required option.
Press the right hand button to accept the option.
5-22 m Series 18 10/07

5.11 Image Setup Screens

All image setup can be performed with the 18 Series in a Stopped condition.
Some options can also be accessed from the Producing mode screen.
Stopped
Image: 20
105
Menu i Start
Select Menus by pressing the left button.
Producing:
Producing
Image: 20
105
Menu i Stop
Select Menus by pressing the left button.
Series 18 10/07 m 5-23

The first option in the Menu is Image
1. Image
2. Calibrate
3. Release Ribbon
Back Select
On choosing Image from the main menu, the first step is to select which Image
you want to setup.
Image 1
Image 2
Image 3
Back Select
The Current Image is always the first in the list.

To select a new Image use the bottom Quad button to scroll through the options
or enter the appropriate item number on the numeric keypad.
If prompted, enter any User Defined Numerical Text or User Defined Date.
User Text
00 1234567899000
Abandon Accept
User Date
Current: 22-Sept.-2006
New: 22-Nov.-2006
Cancel Accept
5-24 m Series 18 10/07

5.12 Diagnostics Screens

The Diagnostics screen displays the current status and dynamically changing
data which give an aid to troubleshooting.
The information is read only and can therefore not be altered.
This screen allows access to the following information:
Printer configuration
Printer Serial Number
Inputs status
Outputs status
Temperatures
Print timings
Internal Sensor status
Printhead Voltage
.
Diagnostics
Print Go State: INACTIVE
Fault O/P State: ACTIVE
Back
Note: This screen can be viewed while in Producing mode.
Series 18 10/07 m 5-25

5-26 m Series 18 10/07

SECTION 6
MENUS

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 6 - MENUS
6 Menus
6.1 Introduction
This section describes how to navigate the menus and the options available.
Menu Structure.
Accessing the menus.
Image Setup menus.
Main menu options.
Engineering menus.
Configure Date and Time settings including Date Offsets.
Manual Control of the printer.
Digital I/O Control.
Configure various printer operation settings.
Viewing Diagnostic information.
Viewing statistics about the printers performance.
Selecting a Test Image.
Select the User Interface language.
View and management Database Information.
Most of these settings should only require configuration directly after installation.
Some others, such as the Print Darkness may require periodic adjustment.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-1

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.2 Menu Structure
Menus
1. Image 1. Registration
2. Calibrate 2. Offset
3. Release Ribbon 3. Pressure
4. Test Print 4. TPH Resistance
5. Print Settings 5. Print Speed
6. Darkness
7. Engineering 1. Print Test Pattern
1. Set Date 2. Calibrate

2. Set Time 3. Tension Setup
3. Manual Control 4. Carriage Home
4. Digital I/O Control
5. Settings 1. Image
6. Diagnostics 2. Print Initiation
7. Statistics 3. Ribbon Setup
8. Test Print 4. Password Change
9. Select Language 5. Encoder Steps
10. File Management 6. Print Delay
1. Image 1. Interlace
2. Rollover Hour
3. Rollover Minute
4. Rollover Direction
2. Print Initiation 1. Debounce Time
2. Print Go Ignore
3. Print Go Edge
3. Ribbon Setup
1. Release Ribbon
2. Ribbon Grade
3. Ribbon Wind
4. Ribbon Width
5. Ribbon Length
6. Outside Diameter
7. Core Diameter
8. Target Tension
9. Dist per ADC
10. Print Gap
6-2 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.3 Accessing the Menus

To access the Menus:
1. From the main screen select Menus by pressing the left button.
2. If an Access Code is prompted for enter the code.
3. The Main Menu screen is displayed.
1. Image
2. Calibrate
3. Release Ribbon
Back Select
The Main Menu screen allows you to:
1. Select an Image
2. Calibrate the printer
3. Release the ribbon tension for webbing up.
4. Activate a Test print of the current job
5. Adjust the print position and pressure.
6. Adjust the print darkness level.
7. Access the Engineering menus.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-3

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.4 Image Selection Menus

The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer provides 100 different default images.
Additional images can be created using MARKEMs CoLOS Create image
creation software. (This can be installed from the CD) User created images can
be loaded into any of the 100 positions.
To select an Image with this method follow the procedure below:
1. From the main screen select Menu by pressing the left button.
2. The Menu screen is displayed.
1. Image
2. Calibrate
3. Release Ribbon
Back Select
3. Configure a new Image by pressing the right button (Select) while the
Image option is highlighted.
4. A list of available Images appears.
Image 1
Image 2
Image 3
Back Select
5. Use the bottom quad button to scroll to the required Image option or enter the
item number at the numeric keypad.
6. Select the Image by pressing the right button.
Image 1
Image 2
Image 3
Back Select
If prompted, enter any required User Input Text.
6-4 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.5 Calibrate
This option initiates the ribbon calibration sequence.
This must be selected after changing a ribbon or to clear a ribbon feed problem.
To access the Calibrate option:
From the Menu screen select Calibrate.
1. image
2. Calibrate
3. Release Ribbon
Back Select
The calibration sequence begins.
Calibrating...
Version 1.25
6.6 Release Ribbon

This option releases the ribbon tension and with the Model 18i moves the print
module to the ribbon load position.
To access the Release Ribbon option:

From the Menu screen select Release Ribbon.
2. Calibrate
3. Release Ribbon
4. Test Print
Back Select
The ribbon tension is released and if using the Model 18i the print module position
is moved to the ribbon load position.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-5

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.7 Test Print of the Current Job

This option allows you to activate a test print of the current selected Image.
To access the Test Print option:
From the Menu screen select Test Print.
3. Release Ribbon
4. Test Print
5. Print Settings
Back Select
If the machine type is an Intermittent printer the print will be activated immediately.
If the machine type is a continuous printer the target material must be in motion
for the action to take place.
6-6 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.8 Print Settings

This menu allows you to make small adjustments to the position of the printed
image on the target material. Adjustments can also be made to other settings to
improve print quality.
The options available are:
1. Registration
2. Offset
3. Pressure
4. TPH Resistance
5. Print Speed (Model 18i)
To access the Print Settings Menu:
1. From the Menu screen select Print Settings.
4. Test Print
5. Print Settings
6. Darkness
Back Select
2. The Print Settings menus is displayed.
1. Registration
2. Offset
3. Pressure
Back Select
3. Use the bottom Quad button to scroll to the required menu or enter the item
number required at the numeric keypad.
4. Press the right button to Select the menu.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-7

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.8.1 Print Position

The print position can be split into two parts:
Registration is the position of the print relative to the direction of the substrate.
Increasing the registration will move the position of the print further back on the
substrate.
Offset is the position of the print relative to the Printhead.
Increasing the offset will move the position of the print across the printhead.
See Installation and Setup for more information.
6.8.2 Print Quality

Print quality can be ensured by using the optimum settings for specific target
materials. Different materials may require different settings.
For example a Polypropylene substrate may require a different pressure setting to
a Polythene substrate. The correct Print Speed also plays an important role in
achieving good print quality.
6-8 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
The following options can be configured:
Table 61: Image Options
Registration Registration is the position of the print relative to

Range: 0 - 35 (I) the direction of the substrate.
0 - 600 (C) Increasing the registration will move the position
Default: 0 of the print further back on the substrate.
Offset is the position of the print relative to the

Offset Printhead.
Range: 0 to 30
Default: 0 Increasing the offset will move the position of the
print across the printhead.
Pressure This allows you to set the printhead pressure.

Range: 0 to 75 The smaller the Printhead gap the more pressure
Default: 50 is required.
This allows you to set the correct resistance level

TPH Resistance for the Thermal Transfer Printhead being used.
Range: 1 - 9999 The resistance level is different for each
Default: 1200 individual printhead and is displayed on the
printhead.
Print Speed
This is a Intermittent printer function.
Range: 100 mm/s or 225
mm/s
This allows you to select the printing speed.
Default: 100 mm/s
(I) Intermittent
(C) Continuous
18 Series 10/07 m 6-9

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.9 Print Darkness

The print darkness menu allows you to adjust the amount of energy used by the
printhead. This will effectively change the contrast of the print on the substrate.
To access the Print Darkness menu:
1. From the Menu screen select Darkness
5. Print Settings
6. Darkness
7. Engineering
Back Select
2. The Print Darkness screen is displayed.
Darkness
Current: 100
New: 110
Cancel Accept
3. Use the top and bottom Quad buttons to increment or decrement the units, or
alternatively enter the required figure using the numerical keypad.
4. When finished press the right button to Accept the change.
Note: This option can be accessed from the Producing mode screen.
6-10 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.10 Engineering Menus

The Engineering Menus allow you to:
Set the Date and Time.
Manually operate the printer.
Toggle various Digital Outputs.
Configure various printer settings.
View the Diagnostic functions.
View various printer statistics.
Select a Test Image
Select the User Interface language.
Manage files via the USB memory stick.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-11

SECTION 6 - MENUS
To access the Engineering Menus:
1. From the Menus screen select Engineering.
6. Darkness
7. Engineering
1. Image
Back Select
2. The Engineering Menus screen is displayed.
1. Set Date
2. Set Time
3. Manual Control
Back Select
6-12 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.11 Set Date and Time

To access the Date menu:
1. Select Set Date from the Engineering Menu screen.
1. Set Date
2. Set Time
3. Manual Control
Back Select
2. The Date menu screen is displayed.
Set Date
Current: 22-Sep-2006
New: 22-Nov-2006
Cancel Accept
3. Use the left and right Quad buttons to move the cursor.
4. Use the top and bottom Quad buttons to change the date.
5. When finished press the right button to Accept the changes.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-13

SECTION 6 - MENUS
To access the Time menu:
1. Select Set Time from the Engineering Menu screen.
1. Set Date
2. Set Time
3. Manual Control
Back Select
2. The Time menu screen is displayed.
Set Time
Current: 14:19
New: 15:19 :Hours
Cancel Accept
3. Use the left and right Quad buttons to move the cursor.
4. Use the top and bottom Quad buttons to change the time.
Once set the 18 Series will maintain the time and date. The accuracy of the
settings should be checked periodically.
6-14 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.12 Manual Control

The Manual Control Menu allows you to:
1. Print a Test Image.

2. Calibrate the printer
3. Manually feed the ribbon
4. Adjust the ribbon tension
5. Move the print module carriage to the home position
To select the Manual Control menu:
1. From the Engineering screen select Manual Control.
2. Set Time
3. Manual Control
Back Select
2. The Manual Control Menu is displayed.
1. Print Test Pattern
2. Calibrate
3. Toggle Ribbon
Back Select
3. Use the bottom Quad button to scroll to the required function or enter the item
4. Select the function by pressing the right button.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-15

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.13 Digital I/O Control

The Digital I/O Control Menu allows you to:
Switch on and off the Fault and Warning outputs.
To select the Digital l/O Control menu:
1. From the Engineering screen select Digital I/O Control.
3. Manual Control
5. Settings
Back Select
2. The Digital I/O Control Menu is displayed.
1. Toggle Fault
2. Toggle Warning
Back Select
3. Use the bottom Quad button to scroll to the required function or enter the item
4. Select the function by pressing the right button.
6-16 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.14 Printer Settings Menus

This is the largest of the menu groups.
The Settings menu allows access to various printer set up options.
The Settings menus allow you to:
1. Configure Image specific data.

2. Configure the print initiation sequence.
3. Configure the Ribbon setup
4. Configure the Password.
5. Configure the Encoder options. (Continuous printers)
6. Configure the Print delay option.
To access the Printer Settings Menus:
1. From the Engineering screen select Settings
5. Settings
6. Diagnostics
Back Select
2. The Settings menu options are displayed
1. Image
2. Print Initiation
3. Ribbon Setup
Back Select
4. Select the menu by pressing the right button.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-17

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.14.1 Image
The Image menu allows you to configure various settings that are specific to the
particular printer.
To access the Image Menu:
1. From the Settings menus screen select Image
1. Image
2. Print Initiation
3. Ribbon Setup
Back Select
2. The Image menu options are displayed.
1. Interlace
2. Rollover Hour
3. Rollover Minute
Back Select
3. Use the bottom Quad button to scroll to the required option or enter the item
4. Select the option by pressing the right button.
Table 62: Image Options
Interlace
(Future enhancement) This is a Intermittent printer function.
Range: Interlace On or This allows you to enable the Interlace print
Interlace Off ribbon save option.
Default: Interlace Off
Date Rollover Hour

This allows you to set the hour at which the next
Range: 0 to 11
day starts.
Default: 0
Date Rollover Minute

This allows you to set the minute of the hour at
Range: 0 to 59
which the next day starts.
Default: 0
Date Rollover Direction

Range: After Midnight or This allows you to set the period of the day that
Before Midnight the rollover occurs.
Default: After Midnight
6-18 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.14.2 Print Initiation

The Print Initiation menu allows you to configure the signal to start printing. The
options available will depend upon which printer type is selected. (Intermittent or
Continuous)
To access the Print Initiation menu:
1. From the Settings menus screen select Print Initiation.
1. Image
2. Print Initiation
3. Ribbon Setup
Back Select
2. The Print Initiation menu options will be displayed.
1. Debounce Time
2. Print Go Ignore
3. Print Go Edge
Back Select
3. Use the bottom Quad button to scroll to the required menu.

4. Select the menu by pressing the right button.
Table 63: Print Initiation
This allows you to set the time over which the

Debounce Time
print trigger must be active before it is accepted
Range: 0 to 5000 ms
as valid.
Default: 0
This avoids electrical noise problems.
This is Continuous printer feature.

Print Go Ignore
Range: 0 to 1000 mm This allows you to set the distance following a
Default: 0 valid print go signal that the printer will ignore
subsequent print signals.
Print Go Edge
This allows you to set the print to be activated by
Range: 0 to 1000 mm
the rising or falling edge of the signal.
Default: 0
18 Series 10/07 m 6-19

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.14.3 Ribbon Setup

The Ribbon Setup menu allows you to configure various ribbon specific settings.
This enables the Controller to fine tune printer settings to suit individual ribbon
types.
To access the Ribbon Setup Menu:
1. From the Settings menus screen select Ribbon Setup
2. Print Initiation
3. Ribbon Setup
1. Image
Back Select
2. The Ribbon Setup menu options will be displayed.
1. Release Ribbon
2. Ribbon Grade
3. Ribbon Wind
Back Select
3. Use the bottom Quad button to scroll to the required option.

4. Select the option by pressing the right button.
6-20 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
Table 64: Ribbon Setup Options
Setting Description
This allows you to release the ribbon tension
Release Ribbon
for loading a new ribbon.
Ribbon Grade
Range: 3510, 3810, 3910, This allows you to set the grade of the ribbon
Non MARKEM being used.
Default: 3810
Ribbon Wind
Range: Inside wound or This allows you to set the type of ribbon being
Outside wound used. Ink side outwards or Ink side inwards.
Default: Outside wound
Ribbon Width
This allows user to set the width of the ribbon
Range: 20mm - 33mm
being used.
Default: 30mm
This option is displayed if Non MARKEM

Ribbon Length
ribbon is selected.
Range: 100mm - 450mm
This allows you to set the length of ribbon
Default: 450mm
being used.
Outside Diameter
This allows you to set the outside diameter of
Range: 40mm - 100mm
ribbon being used.
Default: 98mm
Core Diameter
This allows you to set the outside diameter of
Range: 30mm - 35mm
ribbon core being used.
Default: 32.0 mm
Target Tension
This allows you to make fine adjustments to
Range: 40 - 200
the ribbon tension.
Default: 100
Distance per ADC Calibration factor for the tension sensor.

Range: 0.00001 - 0.9999 This is set during the Tension setup See
Default: Factory set Manual Control - Tension Setup.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-21

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.15 Password Change

The Password Change menu allows you to configure a new password.
To access the Password Change Menu:
1. From the Settings menus screen select Password Change
3. Ribbon Setup
4. Password Change
5. Encoder Steps
Back Select
2. The Password screen is displayed.
Password Entry
Cancel
3. Enter the existing password and press Accept.

4. The new password screen is displayed.
New Password
**?
Cancel Accept
5. Enter the new password and press accept. (Do this twice)
6. If successful the following screen is displayed.
Password Change
SUCCESS
Cancel
6-22 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.16 Encoder Steps

The Encoder Steps menu allows you to configure the number of steps required for
a non MARKEM supplied encoder if this is being used.
To access the Encoder Steps Menu:
1. From the Settings menus screen select Encoder Steps
4. Password Change
5. Encoder Steps
6. Print Delay
Back Select
2. The Encoder Steps menu is displayed.
Encoder Steps
Current: 3.05 step/mm
New: 3.05 steps/mm
Cancel Accept
3. Enter the required number and press Accept.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-23

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.17 Print Delay

The Print Delay menu allows you to configure the amount of delay required after
the Print Go signal has been activated.
To access the Print Delay Menu:
1. From the Settings menus screen select Print Delay
5. Encoder Steps
6. Print Delay
1. Image
Back Select
2. The Print Delay menu screen is displayed.
Print Delay
Current: 100 ms
New: 100 ms
Cancel Accept
3. Enter the required number and press Accept.
6-24 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.18 Diagnostics
The Diagnostics menu allows you to view various information about the status of
the printer.
To access the Diagnostics menu:
1. From the Engineering menus screen select Diagnostics
5. Settings
6. Diagnostics
7. Statistics
Back Select
2. The Diagnostics menu options are displayed.
Diagnostics
Print Go: Inactive
Fault o/p: Inactive
Back
18 Series 10/07 m 6-25

SECTION 6 - MENUS
The following information can be viewed:
Table 65: Diagnostics
Setting Description
Printer Configuration
Printer Hand Left or Right
Printer Type Intermittent or Continuous
Printer Serial Number Printer specific
Input Status
Print Go State Active or Inactive
Substrate Speed (Continuous) Substrate Speed
Output Status
Fault Output State Active or Inactive
Warning Output State Active or Inactive
Temperatures
Printer Temperature oC
Print head Temperature o

C
Internal
Tension Sensor Value Numeric value
Encoder Input A State Active or Inactive
Ribbon Sensor State Active or Inactive
Movement Roller Numeric value
Solenoid Fault State Active or Inactive
Print head Voltage Volts dc
6-26 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.19 Statistics
The Statistics menu allows you to view various statistical information about the
18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer.
To access the Statistics menu:
1. From the Engineering menus screen select Statistics
6. Diagnostics
7. Statistics
8. Test Image
Back Select
2. The Statistics menu information is displayed.
Statistics
Average pack Rate: 100
Ribbon Used: 1.5km
Back
The following information can be viewed:
Table 66: Statistics
Information Description
Average Pack Rate Packs per minute
Ribbon used km
New Prints Numeric value
Old Prints Numeric value
18 Series 10/07 m 6-27

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.20 Test Print

The Test Print menu option allows you to select a specialized Test Image pattern.
To access the Test Print function:
1. From the Engineering menus screen select Test print
7. Statistics
8. Test Print
9. Select Language
Back Select
2. The Test Image is selected and printer will print the image.
The size of the Image will be specific to the maximum size for the printer type.
This Image when printed will enable you to diagnose the condition of the print.
For example:
If printhead dots are damaged these will not print and will appear as white
lines through the image.
For full information regarding print quality issues please consult Section 7 Setup
and Timing Issues
6-28 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.21 Select Language

The Select Language menu options allow you to select the User Interface
language for the machine.
The languages menu strings are downloaded to the printer and the options are
therefore dependant on which languages are being used.
To access the Select Language menu:
1. From the Engineering menus screen choose Select Language
8. Test print
9. Select Language
10. File management
Back Select
2. The Language menu options are displayed.
1: English
2: Spanish
Back Select
Note: Loading any language other than English may take some time, depending
on the complexity of the file.
18 Series 10/07 m 6-29

SECTION 6 - MENUS
6.22 File Management

The File Management menu options allow you to load files from a USB memory
stick or manage existing files in the 18 Series memory. Single files or groups of
files can be managed. Image files, language files and software upgrade files can
be all be transferred via a USB stick.
If the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is in Producing mode, the act of inserting
a USB stick will automatically select the file management menu.
If no USB stick is inserted not all of the options will be available.
To access the File Management menu:
1. From the Engineering menus screen select File Management
9. Select language
10. File management
Back Select
2. The File Management menu options are displayed.
1. Delete Images
2. Clear Images
3. Delete Languages
Back Select
The following options are available:
Table 67: File Management
Setting Description
This allows you to delete individual image files

Delete Images
from the memory.
This allows you to delete all image files from

Clear Images
the memory.
This allows you to delete individual language

Delete Languages
files.
This allows you to reset the printer to the

Factory Defaults
factory default settings.
6-30 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 7
SETUP AND TIMING ISSUES
18 Series Overprinter
m
Machine Manual
SECTION 7 - SETUP AND TIMING ISSUES
7 Setup and Timing Issues

7.1 Introduction
The following section provides general advice for ensuring that your 18 Series
Overprinter is working at its most efficient.

Printhead Gap
Print Platen
Ribbons
Printer Settings
Print Signals
Print Quality Issues
Moving the printed image
Timing Issues
18 Series 10/07 m 7-1

7.2 Setup Issues
7.2.1 Print Anvil

The print roller for Model 18i and print platen for Model 18c are wear parts, and
should be checked regularly for damage.
If the print roller has become damaged this will cause print quality problems. For
example a flat spot on the Model 18c roller rubber will appear as a repeated blank
area on the Test pattern. A worn area on the Model 18i print platen rubber may
cause the print to be faded on one side.
7.2.2 Printhead Gap

This is the distance between the printhead in its home position and the contact
point on the substrate.
Do not use metal objects to test the gap distance, use only wood, plastic or other
non conductive non abrasive materials.
Adjustment to the print gap can be made by using the adjustment screw provided
with the mounting bracket. The gap between the printhead and the print platen or
print roller is critical to the performance of the printer.
The following settings are recommended:
Model 18i - 1.00 mm - 3.00 mm
Model 18c - 1.00 mm - 3.00 mm
Note: The printhead pressure setting is associated with the amount of printhead
gap. The smaller the printhead gap, the more printhead pressure
required.
7.2.3 Ribbons
The 18 Series uses inside or outside wound ribbon; If this is webbed incorrectly
(wound the wrong way around) no printing can occur. Ensure that the ribbon is
webbed correctly around the print roller. (See webbing diagram on the rear of the
User Interface) The correct substrate/paper to ribbon match is also important for
print quality.
Different conditions will require different types of ribbon.
Some examples follow:
Wax/Resin, Wax/High Resin and Resin
For full details on ribbon please contact you local MARKEM representative or visit
the MARKEM Web site.
7-2 m 18 Series 10/07

7.3 Important Printer Settings

Various Printer Settings will affect the performance of the 18 Series printers.
The initial setup of the machine would normally be performed by a qualified
MARKEM trained technician, but if not the following information should prove
helpful.
7.4 Print Darkness

The print darkness is adjusted by varying the amount of time heat is applied for
each row of dots printed and altering the amount of cooling time allowed between
rows.
Generally, increasing the Darkness darkens the printing but can increase
smudging. Conversely, decreasing the Darkness reduces smudging. Some
ribbon/substrate combinations may require a Darkness other than the standard
100.
The 18 Series automatically limits the amount of energy transferred to the
Printhead. This prevents the head being damaged by incorrect use of the
darkness value. If the print quality is not good refer to the Troubleshooting Section
for diagnosis.
Print darkness levels should be set in relation to the print speed.
For example, if the print speed is high, the print darkness may have to be
raised to achieve good print quality.
If the print speed is lowered the print darkness should be reduced accordingly.
As a general rule darkness levels should be kept as low as the line speed and
print quality requirements will allow This will ensure that the print-head life will
be used to its optimum.
Darkness levels that are too high may also contribute to poor print quality or
ribbon breakage (especially when printing bar-codes or horizontal lines.)
The maximum darkness level for any print speed is 150%. The 18 Series
automatically compensates for this if the print speed is raised or lowered.
If a printhead dot has become damaged and no replacement printhead is
readily available, raising the darkness level may be enough to spread the heat
to effectively close the gap. This would allow the printer to be used until a new
printhead has arrived.
Note: The darkness level should be reduced when the new printhead is fitted.
18 Series 10/07 m 7-3

7.4.1 Print Speed

The speed that Printhead moves along the linear slide (Model 18i).
The speed the ribbon moves on the print part of the cycle. (Model 18c)
With Intermittent printers the speed is determined by the dwell time when the
substrate has stopped moving.
If the print speed is set too low the substrate may start to move before printing
has finished.
If the print speed is too fast the print quality may not be as good as it could be.
With Continuous printers the speed is automatic as an encoder is used to
match the speed of the substrate.
The ribbon speed has to match the substrate speed before printing can occur.
If the substrate speed is too high or too low this will affect the print quality.
7.5 Print Signal Issues
7.5.1 Debounce Time

This is the time that the PRINT GO signal must be present before it is actioned.
This avoids double triggering of the print signal if the signal is particularly noisy
(e.g ringing on a relay contact)
If the signal used is arriving as a double pulse, set the Debounce time just high
enough to stop the printer double printing.
The print signal is sampled every 5 milliseconds, so if the Debounce Time is set to
10 milliseconds, the Print Signal must be at least 15 milliseconds.
7.5.2 Print Delay

With the Model 18i Intermittent printers, this sets a delay between a valid PRINT
GO signal and when the Printhead is moved out into position.
If the PRINT GO signal is received before the substrate is stationary, this allows
time for the substrate to settle before printing commences.
Set the print delay setting as low as possible as it increases the overall cycle time
of the printer.
Default - 0 ms
7-4 m 18 Series 10/07

7.6 Moving the Printed Image

The position of print within the printing area can be changed. Altering the
Registration and Offset values moves the printed information in the head feeding
direction and up and down the Printhead.
On intermittent printers, when the Registration is altered the printhead will move to
its new datum position immediately and will use this new datum until the
Registration is altered again.
7.6.1 Registration
It is possible to move the print image down the print area.
This ability is useful if small movements are required.
CAUTION: If larger position changes are required this method may not be
suitable.
For example, on a Model 18i, if you have an image length of 30 mm and you move
the image down the printhead by 15 mm, then that gives you a total length of 45
mm. The maximum print height is only 40 mm, so you will miss the last 5 mm of
the image.
When selecting the Image, if the amount of registration plus the image is too long,
you will get a warning message. You can press Hide to clear this warning, but
you should reduce the value or the image height before proceeding.
7.6.2 Offset
This allows fine adjustment of the print position across the printhead.
This ability is useful if small movements are required.
CAUTION: If larger position changes are required this method may not be
suitable.
For example, It is possible to move the print image off the side of the ribbon and
printhead.
If you have an image width of 20 mm and you move the image across the
printhead by 15 mm, then that gives you a total width of 35 mm. The printhead is
only 32 mm in width so you will only print the first 17 mm of the image, leaving off
3 mm.
18 Series 10/07 m 7-5

7.7 Timing issues

Many timing issues (speeding up the line/host machine) can arise when setting up
a new application, or when changing the way an existing application works.
Timing issues can be common to the Model 18i and Model 18c. Since the
machines work differently, it is likely that timing issues will vary with the machine
type.
7.8 Distance between prints on the ribbon

Two things can affect the distance between each print on the ribbon.
If the substrate accelerates or decelerates between the end of the registration
and the start of print, the gap will be affected.
When the printer adjusts the ribbon tension the gap will be affected.
7.9 Distance between prints on the substrate

With Intermittent printers the distance between the prints is set by the stopping
position of the substrate or labels.
With Continuous printers several things can affect the minimum distance
between the prints on the substrate:
The amount of registration set after the Print Go signal.
The Debounce distance.
The Head down and Head up time.
The Return speed of the ribbon.
The Model 18c printers always allows the substrate to move a set distance after
receiving a Print go signal. This distance is the same no matter the speed of the
substrate.
After this distance the printhead has been lowered ready to print.
This ensures the printed image does not drift from the required position on the
substrate.
7-6 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 8
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 8 - TECHNICAL INFORMATION
8 Technical Information
8.1 Introduction
This section is designed to provide quick access to Technical information about
the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer.

Printer Components
Printhead Module
Printer Orientation
Printer Electrical Components
Interfaces
18 Series 10/07 m 8-1

8.2 The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer

The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is the unit that contains all the printer
mechanics together with the control electronics.
Two distinct versions of the printer are available:
Model 18i - Intermittent Printer
Model 18c - Continuous Printer
The Continuous model is available in left or right hand versions.
The Intermittent print module is mounted onto a linear slide and the Continuous
printer module is mounted onto a fixed mounting plate.
Figure 81: Model 18i - Intermittent Printer
Figure 82: Model 18c - Continuous LH and RH Printers
8-2 m 18 Series 10/07

8.3 Printer Components

The image below shows the main components of the printers:
1. Ribbon supply reel

2. Ribbon take up reel
3. Printhead module
4. Thermal Transfer Printhead
5. Actuator mechanism
6. Ribbon tension roller
7. Ribbon movement roller
8. Ribbon guide rollers
9. Intermittent linear slide / Continuous print module mounting plate
6 3
2 8
5
4
9 8
Figure 83: Intermittent Printer Components
6 3
2 8
4 5
9 8
Figure 84: Continuous Printer Components
18 Series 10/07 m 8-3

8.3.1 Intermittent Drive System - Model 18i Printer

The intermittent version of this printer requires the printhead to move over the
substrate while printing occurs.
The printhead module (A) is driven backward and forward along a linear slide (C)
by means of a printhead carriage (B) that is connected to the drive belt.
The printhead module is mounted on this carriage and is secured by four screws.
The linear slides are supplied with a linear ball bearing carriage which provides a
smooth motion for the assemblies.
A stepper motor is used to drive a toothed drive belt (D) around two geared
pulley's, (E) one of which is used to tension the belt.
Two other stepper motors are used to control the ribbon drive system.
Printing occurs while the substrate is stationary.
I
E E
D
A
C
Figure 85: Model 18i - Intermittent Printer
8-4 m 18 Series 10/07

8.3.2 Continuous Drive System - Model 18i Printer

The Continuous version of this printer does not require the printhead to move over
the substrate while printing occurs.
The print module (A) is mounted onto the print carriage (B) the same way as for
the Intermittent version of this printer, but this is then fixed onto a rigid mounting
block (C).
The printhead module is held in a fixed position and has no linear motion.
Printing occurs when the substrate is in motion.
A
C
Figure 86: Model 18i LH - Continuous Mode

Two Stepper motors are used to control the ribbon drive system. These are
responsible for accelerating the ribbon up to the same speed as the substrate so
that printing can occur.
18 Series 10/07 m 8-5

8.3.3 Ribbon Drive System

The ribbon drive system is responsible for control of the ribbon tension, ribbon
movement and ribbon operating speed.
(A) Ribbon Take up Reel

(B) Ribbon Supply Reel
(C) Ribbon Movement Roller
(D) Ribbon Tension Roller
The ribbon drive is a direct drive system and does not require the use of a clutch.
This is achieved by the use of two stepper motors.
The stepper motors are connected to the ribbon supply and waste take up spools.
This gives the printer the ability to drive the ribbon accurately in both directions.
The drive system requires no setting up and therefore alleviates the possibility of
incorrect torque being used.
The ribbon is routed around a movement roller and a tension roller. When
operating these supply data to a microprocessor via hall effect sensors.
The 18 Series firmware uses an algorithm to calculate the amount of tension
required for the ribbon and adjusts the stepper motors accordingly.
8-6 m 18 Series 10/07

8.4 The Printhead Module

The 18 Series print module is designed to be used on all versions of the 18 Series
printers. The modular design means that it can be used for both Intermittent and
Continuous versions of the printer. The module can also be easily changed from a
left hand to a right hand version. (L) and (R)
The print module (A) houses the spring loaded quick release mechanism (B) for
printhead movement. The printhead assembly (C) is connected via an adapter
plate (D) to the this mechanism.
.
A A
B
D
L R
C C
18 Series 10/07 m 8-7

8.4.1 The Print Mechanism Components

The print mechanism consists of a 24V solenoid (A), an actuator mechanism (B),
a print module housing (C) containing a gimballed printhead assembly (D) with
thermal transfer printhead (E).
The Peel Roller (F) is used to separate the Ink ribbon from the substrate after
printing.
C
F
8-8 m 18 Series 10/07

8.4.2 Printhead Mechanism Operation

When the Solenoid (A) is activated (1) the actuator mechanism (B) is rotated to its
down position.(2)
This in turn moves the printhead assembly (D) into contact with the substrate
ready to print. (3)
A 1
D
3
18 Series 10/07 m 8-9

The Model 18i Intermittent printer also has a linear motion when printing. The
distance travelled is dependant on the size of the print.
The following example shows the start position (A) and end position (B) of the
printhead during the printing process.
After each print the printhead is raised and returned to the start position.
B
A
Figure 87: Printhead linear motion
A B
Figure 88: Print Module start and end position
3 1
Figure 89: Intermittent printing sequence
1. Head down.
2. Print
3. Head up
4. Return
8-10 m 18 Series 10/07

8.5 Printhead Assembly

The printhead assembly is designed for easy removal and replacement.
The assembly plate is attached to the printhead by two 3 mm dowel pins and two
3 mm cap head screws.
The complete assembly can be detached from the print module easily by undoing
the quarter turn spring loaded screw mechanism behind the printhead. The
printhead assembly can then be removed.
The printhead resistance level is shown on the label attached to the printhead.
8.5.1 Printhead Voltage Control

The printhead voltage is electronically adjusted under processor control.
The resistance level of the printhead is entered at the Local User Interface.
Menu - Print Settings - TPH Resistance.
18 Series 10/07 m 8-11

8.6 Printer Orientation

It is critical to the success of the printer that all parties understand the orientation
of the printer.
With Model 18i printers, the substrate is stationary when being printed onto and
the only issue here is access to the printer. Intermittent printers are therefore Left
Hand only.
The Model 18c printers can be Left or Right hand orientated.
The decision to select a right or left hand printer will depend on the direction of the
substrate.
With Continuous printers the print-head angle must always be in the direction of
travel of the substrate.
The rule for determining the printer hand is as follows:
8-12 m 18 Series 10/07

Left Hand Printer showing: Right Hand Printer showing:

Angle of the Printhead. Angle of the Printhead.
Direction of the Substrate travel. Direction of the Substrate travel.
If the Model 18c is to print from the underside of the substrate, and access to the
printer is to face in the same direction, the opposite hand would be required.
Alternatively the same hand could be used but access would have to be from the
opposite side.
Right Hand Printer showing: Left Hand Printer showing:

Angle of the Printhead. Angle of the Printhead.
Direction of the Substrate travel. Direction of the Substrate travel.
18 Series 10/07 m 8-13

8.7 Printer Calibration

The Model 18i printer calibrates on power up or if the ribbon has been removed
and replaced.
This is done to check the diameter of the ribbon and the ribbon tension.
B C
Figure 810: Model 18i Intermittent Printer
A A
B C C
C
C B
Figure 811: Model 18c Continuous Printer
(A) Ribbon movement roller

(B) Ribbon tension roller
(C) Ribbon guide rollers
Note: The mechanical mechanism for the Model 18c ribbon tension is fitted as
standard to both sides, but the tension sensor is in the same position for
both.
8-14 m 18 Series 10/07

8.7.1 Ribbon Movement Calibration

Both Intermittent and Continuous versions of the 18 Series Thermal Transfer
Printer require the ribbon drive to be calibrated.
Ribbon calibration is performed by running the two ribbon drive stepper motors.
This in turn drives the ribbon round a movement roller which has a 2 pole magnet
on the end of it.
The ribbon sensor input is connected to a Hall-effect sensor mounted in the
printer base plate.
The printer electronics detect the rotation of the magnet.
This signal is then analysed by the firmware to establish the diameters of the
ribbon supply and take up reels.
Ribbon tension is then adjusted by stepping the two ribbon drive motors
independently at the required ratio.
18 Series 10/07 m 8-15

8.7.2 Ribbon Movement Roller

The ribbon movement roller (A) has a high friction coating and has a 2 pole
magnet (B) on the end. The roller is fitted with bearings (C) and mounted into a
housing unit (D). This unit is then fitted onto the base plate of the printer.
With the roller in position it is located next to a Hall effect sensor (E).
As the roller and magnet rotate, the magnetic field strength varies.
Data is gathered by the Hall effect sensor and analysed by the processor.
This used to control the ribbon drive.
Information such as ribbon breaks or remaining length of ribbon are controlled
from this data.
AA
CC DD
BB
E
8.7.3 Ribbon Tension Roller

The ribbon tension roller is used to help maintain a constant tension on the ribbon.
The roller is mounted onto a sprung and pivoting dancing arm mechanism (A).
At the opposite end of the mechanism are two magnets(B).These are positioned
either side of a Hall Effect sensor (C). The magnetic field strengths are measured
between each print. The data from this sensor is then analysed by the processor
and the stepper motors are adjusted accordingly.
.
B
B
8-16 m 18 Series 10/07

8.8 Printer Electrical Components

The image below show the main electrical components of the printers:
5
4
6 7
2 3
1. Ribbon Tension Sensor.

2. Ribbon Movement Sensor.
3. USB Port.
4. Printhead Power/Logic Ribbon.
5. Carriage Stepper Motor.
6. Ribbon Stepper Motor.
7. Ribbon Stepper Motor.
8. Solenoid.
18 Series 10/07 m 8-17

8.8.1 Stepper Motors

The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printers use three stepper motors, one to drive
the carriage for the printhead module and two for control of the ribbon.
The 18i uses three stepper motors and the 18c two stepper motors.
The position of the stepper motors is the same for all models of the 18 Series.
The stepper motors are four wire motors connected in a unipolar configuration.
The motors are connected to the printer board via 4-way 2.54 mm Molex KK
connectors.
Connection points:
J7 - Ribbon motor 1 (Supply LH Printers)
J8 - Ribbon motor 2 (Take up LH printers)
J9 - Carriage Motor (Intermittent Printer)
When the printer is in Intermittent mode the printhead carriage motor steps are in
direct relationship to the linear movement of the printhead.
With Continuous versions of the printer the printhead carriage has no linear
motion during printing.
The ribbon motors steps are configured according to data from the Ribbon roller
sensor, Ribbon tension sensor and Encoder if being used.
8.8.2 Encoder
The Encoder is used in conjunction with Continuous printers.
The Encoder is used to calculate the current Substrate speed and adjust the
ribbon speed to match.
The four wires from the Encoder connect into the printer through a removable
screw terminal connector on the printer body.
8-18 m 18 Series 10/07

8.9 Power Configuration

Connect the required power (90 - 260 V AC 50 - 60 Hz) to the power supply unit
using the IEC lead provided. A 10 A fuse is used in the mains plug connector, or a
10 A MCB is recommended to protect the supply cable at source. The IEC inlet
contains 20 mm T5AH250V ceramic fuses. The Power supply unit provides
24VDC for the Printer.
8.9.1 Mains Power Switch

The power supply connector comprises of an On/Off switch, a IEC320 socket and
a 250V Fuse holder.
No voltage configuration is required as the unit uses a universal input power
supply.
8.10 Printer Connection Points

The main connection points for the Printer unit are shown below:
3 4
Figure 812: Printer Connection Points
1. Power Connector
2. I/O Connector
3. Local User Interface Connector
4. Encoder Connector
18 Series 10/07 m 8-19

8.10.1 Power Connections

The Interface between the Power supply and Printer is a single multi-core cable.
Connection is via a six way removable screw terminal (X14) on the rear of the
printer.
Table 81: Power Connection (X14)
Pin No. Function
1 24 VDC - 36 VDC
2 24 VDC - 36 VDC
3 0V
4 0V
5 Earth
6 Earth
8.10.2 Local User Interface Connection

The Interface between the printer and the Local User Interface is a single multi
core cable. Connection is via an eight way removable screw terminal (X17) on the
rear of the printer.
Table 82: User Interface Connection (X17)
Pin No. Function
1 24vdc - 36vdc
2 0v
3 Transmit Data +ve
4 Transmit Data -ve
5 Receive Data +ve
6 Receive Data -ve
7 Cable shield
8 Reserve
8-20 m 18 Series 10/07

8.10.3 Substrate Encoder Connection

The Interface between the printer and the Substrate Encoder is a single multi core
cable. Connection is via a five way removable screw terminal (X12) on the rear of
the printer.
Table 83: Substrate Encoder Connection (X12)
Pin No. Function
1 5 VDC
2 Input 1 (Not used)
3 Input 2
4 0V
5 Reserve
8.10.4 External I/O Connection

The Interface between the printer and the Host machine is a single multi core
cable. Connection is via a seven way removable screw terminal (X4) on the rear
of the printer.
Table 84: External I/O Connection (X4)
Pin No. Function
1 +24 VDC - I/O
2 PRINT GO Input (PNP sensor or +24V Switched)
3 0V
4 Fault Output NC (Contacts Open for Fault)
5 Fault Common
6 Warning Output NC (Contacts Open on Warning)
7 Warning Common
18 Series 10/07 m 8-21

8.10.5 Printer PCB

The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer printer PCB is located in the printer unit.
The printer PCB controls the printhead signals, motor movement and solenoid
actuation inputs and outputs.
The Continuous version of the printer interfaces with a speed encoder for
matching of print speed.
8.10.6 Printer PCB Components

The main components of the printer PCB are shown below:
8.10.7 Printer PCB Fuse

The supply is protected by a quick blow fuse rated at 5A this is located under the
PCB.
8-22 m 18 Series 10/07

8.10.8 Printer PCB Connectors

The printer PCB connectors are listed below:
Table 85: Printer PCB Connectors
Number Connector Function
J1 Programming Header (not fitted)
J2 24-way Ribbon Printhead Power/Logic
J3 26-way IDC BDM Header (not fitted)
Removable screw
J4 I/O
terminal
J5 Expansion 1 (not fitted)
J6 Expansion 2 (not fitted)
4-way 2.54 mm
J7 Ribbon Motor 1
Molex KK
4-way 2.54 mm
J8 Ribbon Motor 2
Molex KK
4-way 2.54 mm
J9 Carriage Motor
Molex KK
J10
2-way 2.54 mm
J11 Solenoid
Molex KK
Removable screw
J12 Substrate Encoder
terminal
J13 9 way D socket RS-232 Debug (not fitted)
Removable screw
J14 Power
terminal
3-way 2.54 mm
J15 Ribbon Tension Sensor
Molex KK
3-way 2.54 mm
J16 Ribbon Movement Sensor (Encoder)
Molex KK
Removable screw
J17 Local User Interface
terminal
J18 Test Mode Link
4-way 2.54 mm
J19 USB
Molex KK
18 Series 10/07 m 8-23

8-24 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 9
MAINTENANCE

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 9 - MAINTENANCE
9 Maintenance
9.1 Introduction
The 18 series of Thermal Transfer Printers are extremely successful, however as
with any machine, if it is not set up and maintained correctly, problems can occur.
This section is designed to provide information about how to keep your Model 18i
in good working order.

General cleaning and care.
Maintenance schemes.
Care of the printhead.
Replacing the printhead.
Replacing the peel roller.
Replacing the ribbon guide rollers.
Replacing the ribbon movement roller.
Replacing the ribbon movement sensor.
Replacing the ribbon tension roller.
Calibrating the ribbon tension sensor.
Replacing the ribbon tension sensor.
Replacing the Solenoid
Replacing the drive belt.
Changing the printer hand.
18 Series 10/07 m 9-1

9.2 Cleaning and Care

To ensure that your 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer operates correctly, the
entire unit should be cleaned on a regular basis.
Particular attention should be given to the printer body, especially if food products
are able to fall into the unit.
Turn off the power to the printer.
Clean inside the printer body. Since there are electronic components inside
this casing, DO NOT use water to clean the unit. Isopropanol cleaning wipes
can be used for this purpose.
To clean debris from the inside of the printer body, MARKEM recommend the
use of a soft bristle brush.
9.2.1 Quick/Regular Checks

Check and clean printhead (daily check).
Check that the ribbon is tracking through the rollers correctly. Pull the ribbon
through by hand, and visually check to see if the ribbon is creasing across the
width of the ribbon. (See Troubleshooting 10.7.3)
Check the Peel Roller for any ink build up and clean if necessary.
Check that Darkness / Speed settings are site standard. This will ensure that
the print remains a good quality, and it may also highlight any potential
problems. For example, if the darkness is unusually high, the printhead may
need cleaning. The darkness has probably been set high to compensate.
Check condition of Platen rubber (Model 18i). Clean or replace it if necessary.
The platen rubber needs to be smooth, flat and free from debris. To change
the platen rubber, first take the old platen rubber off. All the adhesive should
be removed from the metal platen base. Replace with a MARKEM platen
rubber for best results.
Check for wear or internal debris.
9.2.2 Monthly Checks

Check condition of peel roller: Remove roller and inspect internally for wear.
Replace if necessary.
Check condition of the ribbon guide rollers: Check that bearings are smooth.
Check condition of ribbon sensor roller. Inspect the roller coating for wear and
damage. If worn or damaged, replace the roller.
Ensure all rollers are square to the Printer.
Print a test image to check printhead quality and alignment. See Section 6 -
Menus.
Check condition of printhead carriage drive belt and associated components:
pulleys, bearings, retainers and shafts.
9-2 m 18 Series 10/07

9.3 Care of the Printhead

Although purpose-built for its application, the printhead is still subject to wear and
tear. Careful consideration at the time of installation and regular preventative
maintenance can significantly help to maximise printhead life.
The most frequent cause of printhead damage is abrasion - either from ingress of
airborne particles or from an abrasive substrate surface. Consequently, printhead
life varies considerably among substrate materials and among applications.
The thermal ribbon protects the printhead against wear. With use of various
ribbon widths and an abrasive substrate, it is possible that the unused,
unprotected, section of the printhead is subjected to wear and damage. Usually,
abrasive substrates have pre-printed inks. Particularly, some red inks may be
more abrasive than other colours.
Procedures for all thermal transfer printers follow:
Regularly clean the printhead. The frequency of cleaning is entirely
application and environment specific.
To minimise printhead wear, always use the minimum pressure that delivers
an acceptable print quality.
9.4 Cleaning the Printhead

The printhead should be cleaned at regular intervals. These depend on machine
use, operating environment, and choice of thermal ribbon.
1. Turn off the power to the controller and remove the ribbon.
2. Allow the printhead to cool to normal room temperature before proceeding in
order to prevent the possibility of thermal shock damage.
3. Use a cotton swab or a soft cloth soaked in Isopropanol solvent to remove any
residue from the printhead. Take care not to use excessive amounts of
solvent.
The print line is located on the bevelled edge of the printhead.
Use great care not to damage the printhead during cleaning. UNDER NO
CIRCUMSTANCES should abrasive materials, or tools such as screwdrivers, be
used for cleaning the printhead.
Replace the ribbon and check the print quality. If the overall quality is poor, or
some of the dots are not printing, the printhead may need to be adjusted or
changed.
18 Series 10/07 m 9-3

9.5 Replacing the Printhead

Turn off the power to the printer.
Always ensure anti static precautions are used when handling new printheads.
9.5.1 Removing the damaged printhead
1. Remove the four retaining screws 2. Lift the clamp off and place to one
from the Printhead cable clamp. side.
3. Loosen the printhead ribbon 4. Remove the printhead ribbon from

securing connector by pushing the the PCB.
black section forward.
5. Undo the printhead quick release 6. Push the printhead backwards and
screw. remove from the Module.
When fitting a new printhead ribbon cable ensure that the black connector is
fully extended before pushing in the ribbon. Secure fully after fitting.
9-4 m 18 Series 10/07

9.5.2 Setting the correct Printhead Resistance

Note the resistance value printed on the PCB side of the new Printhead. This
value must be entered into the User Interface menu structure.
The processor will then adjust the voltage level to suit the particular printhead
resistance level.
Each Printhead has an individual

Resistance level, and the voltage level
setting required for each is different.
A label on the printhead displays the
rating for that particular one.
In this case, R = 1094
The Printhead resistance option can be accessed from the Print Settings menu.
To access the Print Settings Menu:
1. From the Menu screen select Print Settings.
4. Test Print
5. Print Settings
6. Darkness
Back Select
2. The Print Settings Menu screen is displayed.
1. Registration
2. Offset
3. Pressure
Back Select
3. Use the bottom Quad button to scroll to the TPH Resistance menu or enter
the item number at the numeric keypad.
18 Series 10/07 m 9-5

3. Pressure
4. TPH Resistance
5. Print Speed
Back Select
5. The TPH Resistance menu screen is displayed.
TPH Resistance
Current: 1125
New: 1085
Cancel Accept
6. Enter the new value by using the numeric keypad or use the top and bottom
Quad buttons to change the value.
9-6 m 18 Series 10/07

9.6 Replacing the Peel Roller

The Peel Roller body is a wear part and should be checked for damage and
changed if necessary.
1. Remove the retaining screw from 2. Carefully remove the peel roller
the end of peel roller. ensuring not to drop any components.
3. Fit a new peel roller assembly and 4. After securing, rotate the roller to
secure. ensure it is moving freely.
18 Series 10/07 m 9-7

9.7 Replacing the Ribbon Guide Rollers

The ribbon guide rollers are vulnerable to damage through misuse and may have
to be changed if they become bent or damaged.
The procedure is as follows:
1. Remove the retaining screw from 2. Carefully remove the ribbon guide
the end of the guide roller. roller ensuring not to drop any
components.
3. Fit a new guide roller assembly 4. After securing, rotate the roller to
and secure. ensure it is moving freely.
9-8 m 18 Series 10/07

9.8 Replacing the Ribbon Movement Roller

If any parts of the movement roller has been damaged, the assembly will have to
be replaced.
Switch off and disconnect the power to the machine.
1.Release the ribbon supply reel securing clasp by applying pressure with a
screwdriver or Allen key.
2. Pull the reel upwards to remove it. 3. Remove the securing screws
from the roller housing.
4.Lift out the roller and housing 4.Fit a new assembly and secure.
from the printer body.
18 Series 10/07 m 9-9

9.8.1 Replacing the Ribbon Movement Sensor

If the sensor has to be replaced, the procedure should be as follows:
Remove the Ribbon Movement roller as previously described.
1. Undo the six retaining screws and 2. Disconnect the Sensor from the
remove the cover from the printer body. Printer PCB.
3. Undo the retaining screw and 4. When fitting a replacement

remove the sensor from the printer sensor, ensure that the retaining
body. screw is secured.
9-10 m 18 Series 10/07

9.9 Replacing the Ribbon Tension Roller

If the tension roller becomes damaged the whole assembly may require changing.
1. Remove the retaining screw from 2. Lift the assembly off the shaft.
the ribbon tension roller assembly. Ensure that the spring does not get
lost.
3. Remove the retaining screw from 4. Fit a new assembly and secure.
the roller.
When fitting a replacement assembly ensure that the spring is positioned

towards the outside edge of the printer body. Due to the proximity of the magnets
it may be necessary to use a small tool to retain the spring in position while fitting
the new assembly.
18 Series 10/07 m 9-11

9.10 Replacing the Ribbon Tension Sensor

If the tension sensor has to be replaced, the procedure should be as follows:
1. Undo the six retaining screws and 2. Undo the eight retaining screws and
remove the cover from the printer remove the printer PCB. Remove the
body. printhead ribbon cable to avoid damage.
3. Remove the two sensor retaining 4. Remove the sensor from the printer
screws from the printer body.
1. Disconnect the sensor connector 2.When fitting a replacement sensor,

from the printer PCB and remove. ensure that the retaining screw is
secured.
The Tension sensor is fragile, be careful not to damage it when replacing the
assembly.
9-12 m 18 Series 10/07

9.11 Sensor Calibration

The tension sensor will require re-calibrating once it has been fitted.
When you replace the Main PCB, Tension Sensor PBC, or Tension Sensor
Assembly, you will need to calibrate the tension sensor.
This is achieved by standing the printer on its side, and using the Local User
Interface menu 7 (Engineering), 3 (Manual Control), 3 (Tension Control) to take
three readings from the sensor whilst applying weights
1st reading with 0 Newton load
2nd reading with 1.5 Newton load
3rd reading with 2.5 Newton load
A calibration value is then calculated and stored in the printer.

The Calibration weights are shown below:
Figure 91: Calibration Weights Part No. XXXXXXXX
18 Series 10/07 m 9-13

1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
9-14 m 18 Series 10/07

9.11.1 Calibration procedure
1. Place the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer on its side and power up. (1)
2. Remove the ribbon after the initial calibration process has finished. (2)
3. From the Local User Interface select 7 (Engineering), 3 (Manual Control), 3
(Tension Setup)
Tension Setup
Remove System Tension
ADC Value 13
Back Confirm
4. The LUI displays Remove System Tension check that there is no weight
on the tension sensor and then press Confirm.
Tension Setup
Install 1.5N Weight
ADC Value 9
Back Confirm
5. The LUI displays Install 1.5N weight

6. Locate the 1.5N weight on the Tension Roller (4 & 5)
7. Press Confirm
8. The LUI displays Install 2.5N weight
Tension Setup
Install 2.5N Weight
ADC Value 61
Back Confirm
9. Locate the 1N weight on the 1.5N weight (6 & 7)

10. Press Confirm
18 Series 10/07 m 9-15

11. The LUI displays Distance per ADC
Tension Setup
Target Tension 68
Dist per ADC 0.37
Back Confirm
12. Press Confirm

Note: The figures shown are examples and will not necessarily reflect the
figures displayed for individual printers.
9-16 m 18 Series 10/07

9.12 Replacing the Solenoid

If the solenoid has to be replaced, the procedure should be as follows:
1. Undo the six retaining screws and 2. Undo the eight retaining screws and
remove the cover from the printer remove the printer PCB.
body.
3. Remove the solenoid connector 4. Undo the two retaining screws and
from the printer PCB. remove the solenoid retaining clamp.
5. Unscrew the solenoid from the 6. Replace with a new solenoid and re-
printer body and remove. fit into the printer body. When replacing
the solenoid ensure the wiring is not
trapped.
18 Series 10/07 m 9-17

9.13 Replacing the Drive Belt - Intermittent

The Model 18i Intermittent printer drive belt can become worn or damaged after
long periods of running. The belt should be checked at regular intervals for wear
or damage.
If the belt has to be replaced, the procedure is as follows:
1. Remove the four retaining screws 1. Remove the four retaining screws
from the print module and remove it. from the print module carriage and
remove it.
3. Note the belt clamp under the 4. Loosen off the belt tensioner screw.
carriage plate.
3. Use a screwdriver to relieve the 3. Remove the drive belt and fit a
spring tension on the belt pulley. replacement. Ensure that the
tensioner screw is secured after fitting.
9-18 m 18 Series 10/07

9.14 Replacing the Printer PCBs

If the printer PCB has to be replaced the procedure should be as follows:
Switch off and disconnect the power to the printer.
1. Undo the six retaining screws and 2. Disconnect the connectors from the
remove the cover from the printer printer PCB. Take note of the position
body. of the connectors.
2. Undo the eight retaining screws and

remove the printer PCB.
Note: When a Printer PCB is replaced, the Printhead resistance has to be re-
entered and the Tension Sensor has to be re-calibrated.
18 Series 10/07 m 9-19

9-20 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 10
TROUBLESHOOTING

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 10 - TROUBLESHOOTING
10 Troubleshooting
10.1 Introduction
This section is designed to provide information that will help you quickly solve
problems which may stop your 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer working
efficiently.
Fault messages
Warning messages
Common Issues
Drive System Issues
Print Module Drive Problems
Display Problems
Print Quality Problems
Image Selection Problems
18 Series 10/07 m 10-1

10.2 Fault and Warning Messages

The messages are listed below along with potential causes and remedial actions.
10.2.1 Fault Messages

In the event of a fault, a message is displayed on the Home screen or Menu
screen being accessed at the time. Some fault messages can be temporarily
hidden by pressing the Hide option button. This allows the action being
performed in a particular menu to be completed. Other faults will require
immediate attention.
Table 101: Fault Messages
Fault Message 1002 - Printer Hardware Fault
Possible
A problem has occurred with the printer hardware.
Causes
Remedial
Return the printer to the MARKEM service centre.
Action
Fault Message 1004 - Printhead Detect Failure
The printhead cable is loose.

Possible
The printhead cable is damaged
Causes
The printhead is damaged.
Remedial Check the printhead and printhead cable for damage.

Action Try a different printhead.
Fault Message 1005 - Software Fault
Possible
The software has experienced an error condition.
Causes
Remedial
Re-power the printer.
Action
10-2 m 18 Series 10/07

Fault Message 1006 - Software Assert
Possible
The software has experienced an error condition.
Causes
Remedial
Re-power the printer.
Action
Fault Message 1007 - Printhead Resistance Not Set
Possible
A new printer PCB has been fitted.
Causes
Remedial
Set the printhead resistance level.
Action
Fault Message 1008 - Tension Not Calibrated
Possible
A new printer PCB has been fitted.
Causes
Remedial
Calibrate the Tension sensor.
Action
Fault Message 1009 - Printer Orientation Not Set
Possible The printer orientation has not been set after a firmware
Causes upgrade.
Remedial
Set the printer Orientation. Left or Right Hand
Action
Fault Message 1011 - DC Power Supply Range Error
Possible
PCB component failure.
Causes
Remedial
Repair or replace the PCB.
Action
Fault Message 1012 - 5v Logic Supply Range Error
Possible
Causes
Remedial
Action
18 Series 10/07 m 10-3

Fault Message 1104 - Calibration Failed initial Tension
No ribbon fitted.
The ribbon is not webbed up correctly.
Possible Wrong ribbon width selected.
Causes The supply spool is slipping.
The take up spool is slipping.
The printer is set to the wrong printer type.
Check the ribbon.

Remedial Check the take up spool.
Action Check the printer type in the Settings - Machine options
Use the diagnostic screen to check the calibration values.
Fault Message 1105 - Calibration Ribbon Sensor Failed
Possible The ribbon movement sensor is damaged.

Causes The ribbon movement roller magnet is damaged.
Remedial
Check the sensor and magnet for damage.
Action
Fault Message 1106 - Calibration Diameter Out of Range
Incorrect ribbon fitted.

Possible
The ribbon is wound directly onto the take up spool without a
Causes
ribbon core.
Remedial Fit the correct ribbon

Action Wind the ribbon onto a ribbon core.
Fault Message 1107 - Calibration Unable to Tension
The ribbon tension sensor is damaged.

Possible
The ribbon tension roller is damaged.
Causes
The ribbon tension sensor requires calibrating.
Check the ribbon sensor and roller for damage.

Remedial Use the diagnostic screen to check the tension sensor input
Action signal.
Re-calibrate the tension sensor.
Fault Message 1108 - Tension Sensor Error
Possible
Causes
Remedial
Action
10-4 m 18 Series 10/07

Fault Message 1201- Ribbon Fault
The ribbon has broken during calibration.

Possible
The ribbon has broken during printing.
Causes
The ribbon tension sensor is faulty.
Re- web the ribbon.

Remedial
Use the diagnostic screen to check the ribbon tension
Action
sensor input signal.
Fault Message 1202 - Solenoid Fault
The connector to the solenoid has become loose.

Possible
The connector or wiring is damaged.
Causes
The solenoid is damaged.
Check the solenoid by using the Manual control function to

operate it.
Remedial
Check the Diagnostics screen solenoid output to see if it
Action
toggles on/off
Change the solenoid.
Fault Message 1204 - Printhead Voltage Fault
Faulty printhead.
Possible
Faulty printhead ribbon cable.
Causes
Faulty printer PCB
Check the printhead and ribbon cable for damage.

Remedial
Try fitting a different printhead or ribbon cable.
Action
Replace the printer PCB
Fault Message 1307 - RTC Fault
Possible
Causes
Remedial
Action
18 Series 10/07 m 10-5

Fault Message 1400- Corrupt File system
Possible
The database has become corrupted.
Causes
Remedial Use the Restore to Factory defaults function and re-

Action download the Image.
Fault Message 1401 - Failed to Restore Image
Possible
Image / Font file missing
Causes
Remedial Re- download the Image

Action Select another Image
Fault Message - 1500 Printer Overheat
Possible High ambient temperature

Causes The pack rate is too high.
Remedial Switch off the printer and allow to cool down.

Action Reduce the line speed.
Fault Message 1502 - Printhead Over Temperature
The print darkness level is too high.

Possible
The printhead is damaged.
Causes
The printhead thermistor is damaged.
Remedial Reduce the darkness level.

Action Replace the printhead.
10-6 m 18 Series 10/07

10.2.2 Warning Messages

In the event of a warning, a message is displayed on the Home screen or Menu
screen being accessed at the time. Home screen warnings can be hidden by
pressing the Hide option button. If the same warning re-occurs the message will
be displayed again. Menu screen warnings can also be hidden so that the action
being performed in a particular menu can be completed. In this case if the warning
re-occurs the message will not be displayed a second time, instead the Status
symbol will change to the warning symbol. This allows manual operation of the
printer without having to continually clear the warning message. e.g. missed print
warnings.
Table 102: Warning Messages
Warning Message 2001 Clock Problem
Possible
The system clock has been reset to the default value.
Causes
Remedial
Re-configure the system date and time.
Action
Warning Message 2100 - Image Not Ready
Possible The printer was unable to locate the image due to a timing
Causes issue
Remedial Reduce the pack rate speed or reduce the number of updating
Action fields on the image.
Warning Message 2101 - Missed print
Possible The printer was unable to print the image due to a speed or
Causes timing issue. (Continuous printers)
Remedial Reduce the pack rate speed or reduce the number of updating
Action fields on the image.e.
Warning Message 2102 - Truncated Print
The length of the image plus the amount of registration

Possible
(Intermittent printer) exceeds the distance that the print
Causes
module can travel.
Remedial
Reduce the amount of registration.
Action
18 Series 10/07 m 10-7

Warning Message 2105 - Discarded Print
Possible The printer has auto-aborted a print in Low speed reprint

Causes mode.
Remedial
Increase the substrate speed.
Action
Warning Message 2107 - Substrate Over speed
Possible The substrate is travelling faster than the maximum print

Causes speed of the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer.
Remedial
Reduce the substrate speed.
Action
Warning Message 2108 - Substrate Under speed
Possible The substrate is travelling slower than the minimum print

Causes speed of the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer.
Remedial
Increase the substrate speed.
Action
Warning Message 2109 - Low Ribbon
Possible
The ribbon is nearing the end of the roll.
Causes
Remedial
Prepare a new roll of ribbon ready to replace the existing one.
Action
Warning Message 2110 - Low Ribbon Tension Corrected During Print
Possible
The ribbon is nearing the end of the roll.
Causes
Remedial Adjustments were made to correct the ribbon tension while

Action printing.
Warning Message 2116 - Reselect Offset
Possible
The offset value is too large for the selected image.
Causes
Remedial
Reduce the offset value.
Action
10-8 m 18 Series 10/07

Warning Message 2201 - Settings Corrupt
Possible
The printer settings have become corrupted.
Causes
Remedial By clearing this message the settings will be set to default

Action values.
Warning Message 2207 - File System Nearly Full
Possible
The File system is almost full.
Causes
Remedial
Delete unwanted files from the database.
Action
Warning Message 2208 - File System Full
Possible
The File system is full.
Causes
Remedial
Delete unwanted files from the database.
Action
Warning Message 2209 - Firmware Upgraded
Possible
The Firmware upgrade has been successful.
Causes
Remedial
None.
Action
Warning Message 2210 - Firmware Upgrade Failed
Possible
USB stick removed before completion of the upgrade.
Causes
Remedial
Re-load Firmware.
Action
18 Series 10/07 m 10-9

Warning Message 2300 - Printer High Temperature
Possible
The printer temperature is reaching an unacceptable level.
Causes
Remedial Turn off the power to the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer
Action and allow the printer to cool down.
Warning Message 2302 - Printhead Under Temperature
Possible The printhead temperature has not yet reached an acceptable

Causes working level.
Remedial The 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer will automatically

Action initiate a pre-heat cycle before printing can commence.
10-10 m 18 Series 10/07

10.3 Common Issues

Listed below are a number of possible faults and suggestions for possible
corrective actions.
10.3.1 No Power to the Printer

Power switch must be in the ON position. This switch is located at the rear of
the power supply
Check that the mains cable is correctly inserted into the mains connector
below the switch.
Check that the mains fuse on the fuse selector is OK and replace it if
necessary.
Check the mains supply to the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer. There may
be another fuse or MCB installed to protect the Mains Cable at source.
10.3.2 Printhead Cables

Connectors may vibrate loose under normal operation if not correctly installed.
Loose connections may be the cause of many problems such as poor print,
no print, or no power to the printhead.
10.3.3 Encoder
Check that the encoder is rotating freely. The Model 18c in continuous mode
will not print unless the encoder is moving.
Check that the encoder is sending a signal back to the 18 Series Thermal
Transfer Printer. Use the diagnostics screen to check the encoder input
signals.
10.4 No Information Is Printed

If the printer appears to be operating correctly but no data is printed, check the
following:
Is a valid image selected?
Check that the print speed and darkness values are at appropriate levels for
the thermal ribbon and substrate.
Is the printhead coming into full contact with the print platen / roller across its
full width?
Is the correct ribbon loaded with the inked surface away from the printhead. Is
it driving correctly?
Check that the ribbon is correctly webbed through the peel roller.
On continuous printers, the encoder signal may not be providing the correct
speed information.
The printhead may be faulty.
10.5 The Printhead Does Not Move Out

The Printhead in / out motion is driven by a small solenoid. If the head does not
move out, use Manual mode to test the operation of the solenoid. Check the
following:
Check that the head is free to rotate in its mounting.
Check the solenoid wiring.
Replace the solenoid as required.
If the fault persists, replace the Printer PCB.
18 Series 10/07 m 10-11

10.6 Drive System Issues
10.6.1 Ribbon is not driving

Check that the ribbon cores on the supply and take up spools are not slipping.
You can see this by taking the ribbon core off and looking on the inside.
Check that the drive couplings for the ribbon drive have not come loose. This
can easily be checked by trying the coupling by hand.
10.6.2 Ribbon Drive Problems

If the print darkness is too high or the print speed too low, the ribbon can be
weakened and break. This can be eliminated by reducing the darkness or
increasing the speed.
The ribbon take up is not winding the waste ribbon correctly.
Check that there is no interference between the accumulated wasted ribbon
and any other part of the printer body. Ensure that the waste ribbon spool is
gripping the core firmly.
10.6.3 Ribbon Creasing

Ribbon creasing is generally due to the ribbon attempting to track across the
Printhead.
The most common causes are:
Bent ribbon guide rollers. This may occur if the printer is dropped. It is not
usually possible to bend a pin back into position. Remove and replace the
guide roller.
A bent peel roller. Remove and replace the peel bar.
Poor print platen / roller alignment can in some cases cause ribbon creasing
as the substrate tries to pull the ribbon across the printhead.
10.6.4 Ribbon Breaking or Scuffing Prints
(Continuous printers)
If there are problems with ribbon breaking or scuffing prints, it is possible that the
printhead gap is set too small. The printhead will move out as the ribbon begins to
accelerate.The printhead will then make contact with the ribbon before it is up to
speed.
Try increasing the printhead gap.
(Intermittent printers)
The printhead may be starting to print before the substrate / labels have stopped
moving. The target material must be stationary before printing occurs.
Try increasing the print delay.
10-12 m 18 Series 10/07

10.6.5 Ribbon Coning (Continuous Printers)

If there is a problem with the waste ribbon coning on the take up reel, check the
following:
Ensure that the printhead is aligned correctly with the print roller. (See
Installation) If incorrectly aligned this will cause tracking problems.
Ensure that the ribbon is tracking parallel on the printer rollers and is
positioned correctly.
Ensure that none of the rollers have been bent or damaged.
Ensure that the Printhead and Peel roller are clean. Ink deposits can also
contribute to ribbon coning.
10.6.6 Peel Roller Problems

If a peel roller is difficult to spin due to a build up of material debris between
the inner roller body and shaft, change the roller.
If the peel roller is very worn and running loose on the shaft, change the roller.
10.6.7 Head not returning to home position

(Model 18i)
This problem only relates to the Intermittent printer. If the head feeds
satisfactorily, but does not return to the correct home position, check the amount
of registration that has been set. The printhead module will only return to the
default start position if the registration is set to 0.
18 Series 10/07 m 10-13

10.7 Printhead Module Carriage Drive Problems

A stepper motor, drive belt and linear slide are used to move the Printhead
module carriage.
The carriage drive may stall when the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer is under
excessive load.
If the carriage does not drive, check the following:
Is the ribbon is loaded correctly?
Is there any mechanical interference stopping the carriage moving?
Check the condition of the drive belt and drive pulleys.
Check the condition of the linear slide.
With the power to the unit turned off, is the Printhead module free to move
along the slide?
Are the stepper motor connections correct and secure.
If the fault persists, replace the Printer PCB.
10.8 Display Issues
10.8.1 Back light only lit

If the User Interface LCD screen is lit, but the text or icons are just visible check
the following:
Has the LCD contrast been set too high or low?
Adjust the contrast by pressing the button left of the 0 on the numeric keypad.
If no text or icons are visible check that the LCD connector to the printer PCB
has not become loose.
If necessary replace the Use Interface.
10.8.2 LCD only, no Back light

If the LCD text is visible but the back light is not on check the following:
Has the back light connector to the controller PCB become loose?
Is the wiring damaged?
If necessary replace the User Interface LCD module.
If necessary replace the User Interface PCB.
10.8.3 Display is totally blank

Check the power to the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer.
Check the User interface cable for damage.
Check that the LCD and Back light connectors to the User Interface PCB have
not become loose.
If necessary replace the User Interface module.
10-14 m 18 Series 10/07

10.9 Print Quality Problems

The most common causes of poor print quality are:
Dirty printhead: Clean the printhead with the MARKEM Isopropanol wipes and
try again. Take care not to damage the printhead during cleaning. Always
allow the printhead to cool prior to cleaning.
Dirty, worn or badly misaligned print platen / roller: Produce a full-size test
print to establish the quality of the print.
Ribbon is not driving correctly: Clean the ribbon rollers and check that the
ribbon is loaded correctly.
Excessive vibration of the packaging machine: Improve the mounting of the
18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer. If possible, increase the print delay so that
vibration has reduced by the time printing starts.
On intermittent printers, the substrate is still moving when printing starts:
Increase the print delay.
On continuous printers, the speed encoder is not providing an accurate
measurement of the speed of the substrate: Adjust encoder.
Matching of the ribbon to the substrate is very important. An improper match
will not produce good print quality: Contact your local MARKEM Business
Centre for further details.
Lines of dots are not printing. If cleaning the printhead and platen / roller does
not resolve the problem: Replace the printhead.
10.9.1 Faded print

Print quality is dependent on the following:
Quality of the substrate and ribbon being used,
Print Darkness
Printhead pressure and print speed combination
Condition of the machine being used to print
The age and storage conditions of the ribbon can also affect the print quality. The
printhead should be kept clean by using Isopropanol wipes. It should never be
touched with any abrasive material or metallic objects.
The Test Pattern function is the best way of setting the machine print standards,
such as evenness of the print; positioning of the image; and checking for damage
to the dots.
Recommendations:
Clean the printhead and platen

Increase the darkness or
Reduce the print speed
Review ribbon.
18 Series 10/07 m 10-15

10.9.2 Faded on one side

This is generally due to a misalignment of the printer to the platen roller/ pad. The
printhead will move down to print on the substrate, and will hit one side of the
roller/ pad first.
Recommendations:
Check that the printer is not loose, especially if it has just been replaced.
10.9.3 Blurred edges

This is generally due to the darkness setting being too great.
Recommendations:
Reduce the darkness or increase the print speed
10.9.4 Missing lines perpendicular to printhead

This is generally due to either a dirty printhead or a damaged printhead. Dirt can
build up on the printhead after a period of time causing dots to be missing. If a
printhead becomes damaged by physical or element damage, it can cause
missing dots, see section Printhead Care.
Recommendations:
Clean the printhead.
Use the Offset to move the image away from the damaged dots, or replace
the printhead.
10.9.5 Print rubs off

This can be for a number of reasons:
There is not enough energy going to the printhead. This is more apparent in
cold environments. Increasing the Darkness and in extreme conditions, the
background energy levels of the head can make a difference to the
permeability.
In environments of high temperature and humidity, the applied ribbon may still
be warm and could rub off. Trying a different ribbon grade could be the
solution.
Mismatch in ribbon/ substrate. Some substrates have coatings that make it
very difficult to adhere to. The coatings may be, for example, a wax/ resin mix
similar to the actual ribbon. If this is the case, then trying another ribbon grade
is the best recommendation. If you are using a MARKEM Grade 3810, then
try a Grade 3510 or Grade 3910. This may resolve the problem, but remember
this is a resin-based ribbon that needs more energy to print, so may be limited
in speed (typically to <350mm/s on polypropylene).
10-16 m 18 Series 10/07

10.9.6 Elongated or compressed print
(Intermittent printers)
The printhead is printing on the substrate when it is still moving. Modify the Print
Delay Parameter.
Depending on whether the application is printing in the same direction of the
substrate or against the direction of substrate movement depends on whether you
will need to increase the Print Delay or reduce it.
(Continuous printers)
Check that the encoder is not slipping on the roller.

If the Encoder setting is configured as Internal, the (Ribbon speed) Substrate
speed set must match the actual substrate speed.
10.9.7 Double printing

Check the sensor/ signal source to make sure that it is not triggering twice per
product. If the input is a relay, and you find that it is bouncing, then increase the
Debounce Time or Debounce distance to filter out the bounce.
10.9.8 Prints occur on every other product (or less)

The likely causes for this are timing issue (refer to Timing Issues, Section 7, for
further details).
The print cycle may be too long:
The overall print cycle is longer than the product to product time. The 18
Series Thermal Transfer Printer must complete its cycle before it can process
the next print signal.
Either reduce the throughput of the host machine or reduce the cycle time on the
18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer. On an Intermittent printer this can be done by
increasing the print speed, depending on the particular application. Also check the
Debounce and Delay Time.
Registration setting is too long (Continuous only)
This can increase the Cycle time to be greater than the product to product
time, thus only printing every other product.
18 Series 10/07 m 10-17

10.10 Image Selection Problems
10.10.1 Selecting an Image

A valid Image or test pattern must be present in the printer memory for 18 Series
Thermal Transfer Printer to able to print something. This can be done by selecting
a test pattern in Engineer mode. or selecting an Image by using select Image in
Producing or Ready mode.
If selecting an Image, all the information must be present in the database.
Any relevant Image files or Logo files must be present.
10.10.2 Image corruption problems

Images can occasionally become corrupted. This would be noticed in the form of
missing text fields on the image or not being able to select an Image.
To ensure that the images are as they should be, it is best to clear the problem
image out of the 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer and re- download the design.
To ensure that no remnants of the corrupt image are left in the printer memory,
select a Test Print before re-selecting the image.
10.11 Checking Database Information
10.11.1 Local
You can check whether the Image is present in the local memory by scrolling
through the database using Image menu. If the Image is not visible then it is not
present.
10-18 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 11
RECOMMENDED SPARES

m
Machine Manual
SECTION 11 - RECOMMENDED SPARES
11 Recommended Spares
Note: Fasteners may be sold in economic pre-packed quantities.
11.1 Consumables
Table 111: Consumables
Part Number Description Quantity
10018596 Thermal transfer printhead assembly 1
10018602 Platen Anvil rubber 1
B03285AA Head cleaning kit 1
B03286AA Cleaning kit top up 1
5824648 Cleaning wipes (Pack 100) 1
11.2 Replacement Parts
Table 112: Replacement Parts (General)
10018817 Model 18i Intermittent 1
10018819 Model 18c Continuous 1
10018702 Intermittent bracket 1
10018703 Continuous bracket 1
Platen plate assembly 1
10018783 Roller assembly 1
10018784 Printer mounting clamp assembly 1
10018601 Environmental cover 1
18 Series 10/07 m 11-1

Table 113: Replacement Parts (Mechanical)
10018720 Guide roller assembly 1
10018836 Peel roller assembly 1
10018607 Movement roller assembly 1
10018608 Tension roller assembly 1
10018609 Passive dancing arm assembly 1
10018598 Toothed drive belt 1
10018599 Ribbon hub assembly 1
10018600 Hub spacer disc 1
10018706 Printhead carriage assembly 1
10018707 Printhead advance assembly
11-2 m 18 Series 10/07

Table 114: Replacement Parts (Electrical)
10018779 Complete Local User Interface 1
10018780 Complete Power supply unit 1
10018781 Power supply module 1
10018604 Printer PCB 1
10018719 Printhead Interface PCB 1
10018696 Power cable assembly 1
10018613 24V I/O cable assembly 1
10018612 Local User Interface cable assembly 1
10018708 Solenoid assembly 1
10018717 USB cable assembly 1
10018712 Tension sensor PCB assembly 1
10018716 Ribbon movement sensor PCB assembly 1
10018709 Ribbon stepper motor assembly 1
10018724 Carriage stepper motor assembly 1
10018782 Substrate Encoder assembly 1
18 Series 10/07 m 11-3

11-4 m 18 Series 10/07

SECTION 10
ILLUSTRATED PARTS

m
Machine Manual
18 Series Printer Dimensions SECTION 10 - ILLUSTRATED PARTS
18 Series 10/07 m 10-1

SECTION 10 - ILLUSTRATED PARTS 18 Series Power Supply Dimensions
10-2 10 Illustrated Parts m 18 Series 10/07

18 Series Local User Interface Dimensions SECTION 10 - ILLUSTRATED PARTS
18 Series 10/07 m 10-3

SECTION 10 - ILLUSTRATED PARTS 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Dimensions

Model 18c Dimensions SECTION 10 - ILLUSTRATED PARTS
18 Series 10/07 m 10-5

SECTION 10 - ILLUSTRATED PARTS

SECTION 11
ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS

m
Machine Manual
18 Series Electical Block Diagram SECTION 11 - ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS
DC Power
Pin Signal
1 24V DC
2 24V DC
3 0V
4 0V
5 Earth
6 Earth
UI
Pin Signal
1 24V DC
2 0V
3 Transmit Data +ve
4 Transmit Data -ve
5 Receive Data +ve
6 Receive Data -ve
I/O 7 Cable Shield
Pin Signal 8 Not used
1 24V DC
2 Print Go
3 0V
4 Fault O/P
5 Fault 0V
6 Warning O/P
7 Warning 0V
Substrate Encoder
Pin Signal
1 5V DC
2 Input 1
3 Input 2
4 0V
5 Not Used
18 Series 08/07 m 11-1

SECTION 11 - ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS
11-2 11 Electrical Schematics m 18 Series 08/07

11-3 11 Electrical Schematics m 18 Series 08/07

11-4 m 18 Series 08/07

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18 Series

Thermal Transfer Printer

MARKEM manufactures a wide range of primary, secondary, and end-of-line coding

Once again, from every employee at MARKEM Thank you.

7 Setup and Timing Issues 71

11 Recommended Spares 111

18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer

1.2 Copyright Notice

Copyright 1995 - 2006 MARKEM Corporation.

1.2.1 Contacting MARKEM

Useful Web Sites

18 Series 10/07 m 1-1

1.4 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Options

Model 18i - Intermittent

1-2 m 18 Series 10/07

1.5 Labels and Symbols

Cable connector labels

1) User Interface Connection

18 Series 10/07 m 1-3

1.5.1 Retrieving and Downloading Images

1.5.2 Data Storage Capacity

1-4 m 18 Series 10/07

1.6 Machine Specification

18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer

Table 11: 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Specification

Model 18i - Intermittent

Substrate Area Unlimited.

Model 18i - Intermittent

Model 18i - Intermittent

Intermittent Printers - 0.5mm - 3mm

Print Method Thermal Transfer.

Power Supply ~ 90 - 260V 50 - 60 Hz

Operating environment of:

Noise Levels <70.0 dB (A)

Height 166 mm x Width 180 mm width x Depth 155 mm.

Weight Printer 8.5 Kgs, Power supply 2 Kgs, Bracket 10 Kgs

18 Series 10/07 m 1-5

Table 11: 18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer Specification

Maximum ribbon length (3811/3911) 450 metres (3818)

An extensive range of approved MARKEM ribbons are

Font Styles Any True Type font.

Font Sizes Scalable to specific point sizes.

Orientation Any 90 degree orientation.

Barcodes See CoLOS manual.

Graphics Logos (*.bmp format)

Special Automatic Real Time, Date, Automatic Best Before End

Inputs: Print Go input signal

Hand held Keypad with a monochrome128 x 64 pixel

MARKEM CoLOS Create for Windows design package,

1-6 m 18 Series 10/07

18 Series Thermal Transfer Printer

Topics covered in this section include:

Series 18 10/07 m 2-1

2.2 General Guidelines

2-2 m Series 18 10/07

2.3 Machine Safety

2.4 EMC Considerations

Series 18 10/07 m 2-3

2.5 Electrical Safety

2.5.1 Recommended cable protection:

2.5.2 Electrical safety testing (after installation)

2.5.3 Static Electricity Protection

2-4 m Series 18 10/07