INTRODUCTION TO PROOF: HOMEWORK 10

DUE THURSDAY, APRIL 14TH AT THE BEGINNING OF CLASS

You may work on homework together, but you must write up your solutions individually
and write the names of the individuals with whom you worked. For full credit, show all work
and explain your work as described on the syllabus. If you use any materials outside of the
course materials, e.g., the internet or a different book, make sure to provide a short citation.

(1) (5 points) Prove, using strong induction, that every natural number can be expressed
as the sum of distinct powers of 2. For example, 21 = 24 + 22 + 20 .
(2) (5 points each) Determine which of the following relations are reflexive, irreflexive,
symmetric, antisymmetric, and transitive on the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}. Briefly justify your
answers.
(a) R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5)}
(b) R = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5)}
(c) R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5)}
(d) R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 4), (4, 3)}.
(e) R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.
(3) (3 points each) For each of the following relations, find its inverse. Write parts (c),
(d), and (e) as pairs (x, y) satisfying appropriate properties.
(a) R = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)}
(b) R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)}
(c) R = {(x, y) : x, y Z, x y = 1}
(d) R = {(x, y) : x, y N, x|y}
(e) R = {(x, y) : x, y Z, xy > 0}