SUGUITAN, Kristine Joy E.

Mam Almario
2NUR9 RLE3 Drug Analysis

OXYTOCIN

Generic Name: Oxytocin

Brand Name: Pitocin/ Syntocinon

Indications:

Oxytocin is used to induce labor or strengthen labor contractions during childbirth, and to
control bleeding after childbirth. Oxytocin is also used to stimulate uterine contractions in
a woman with an incomplete or threatened miscarriage.

Mechanism of Action:

Uterine stimulant; promotes contractions by increasing the intracellular Ca2+

Contraindication:

Where there is significant cephalopelvic disproportion;

In unfavorable fetal positions or presentations, such as transverse lies, which are
undeliverable without conversion prior to delivery;
In obstetrical emergencies where the benefit-to-risk ratio for either the fetus or the mother
favors surgical intervention;
In fetal distress where delivery is not imminent;
Where adequate uterine activity fails to achieve satisfactory progress;
Where the uterus is already hyperactive or hypertonic;
In cases where vaginal delivery is contraindicated, such as invasive cervical carcinoma,
active herpes genitalis, total placenta previa, vasa previa, and cord presentation or
prolapse of the cord;
In patients with hypersensitivity to the drug.

Nursing responsibilities:

Monitor fetal heart rate and maternal BP and pulse at least q15min during infusion
period; evaluate tonus of myometrium during and between contractions and record on
flow chart. Report change in rate and rhythm immediately
If the oxytocin is infused through IV, always monitor the right amount to be given. And
check if it flow through the tube smoothly to the patient.
Monitor Input and Output during labor. If patient is receiving drug by prolonged IV
infusion, watch for symptoms of water intoxication (drowsiness, listlessness, headache,
confusion, anuria, weight gain). Report changes in alertness and orientation and changes
in I&O ratio (i.e., marked decrease in output with excessive intake).

MERTHERGINE
SUGUITAN, Kristine Joy E. Mam Almario
2NUR9 RLE3 Drug Analysis

Generic Name: Methylergonovine

Brand Name: Methergine

Indications:

For the prevention and control of excessive bleeding following vaginal childbirth

Mechanism of Action:

Methylergometrine acts directly on the smooth muscle of the uterus and increases the
tone, rate, and amplitude of rhythmic contractions through binding and the resultant
antagonism of the dopamine D1 receptor. Thus, it induces a rapid and sustained tetanic
uterotonic effect which shortens the third stage of labor and reduces blood loss.

Contraindication:

If allergic to any ingredient in Methergine

If pregnant

If blood pressure is high, especially high blood pressure caused by pregnancy (toxemia
or preeclampsia)

you are taking certain azole antifungals (eg, itraconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole),
cobicistat, a ketolide antibiotic (eg, telithromycin), certain macrolide antibiotics (eg,
clarithromycin, erythromycin), certain protease inhibitors (eg, indinavir, ritonavir,
telaprevir), or certain reverse transcriptase inhibitors (eg, delavirdine, efavirenz)

If taken or will be taking a triptan (eg, sumatriptan) within 24 hours before or after using
Methergine

Nursing responsibilities:

Monitor fundal height and consistency and the amount and character of the lochia.
Assess the blood pressure before and routinely throughout drug administration.
Observe for adverse effects or symptoms of ergot toxicity(ergotism) such as nausea and
vomiting,headache,muscle pain,cold or numb fingers and toes,chest pain and general
weakness.
Check fundus frequently during the first few postpartum hours and several times daily
thereafter.

AMOXICILIN
SUGUITAN, Kristine Joy E. Mam Almario
2NUR9 RLE3 Drug Analysis

Generic Name: Amoxicillin trihydrate

Brand Name:
Amoxil, amoxial pediatric drops, apo-amoxi (CAN), dispermox, novamoxin (CAN), Nu-
amoxi (CAN), trimox

Indications:

Treating infections caused by certain bacteria. It is also used with other medicines to treat
Helicobacter pylori infection and ulcers of the small intestines.

Amoxicillin capsules are a penicillin antibiotic. It works by killing sensitive bacteria.

Mechanism of Action:

Amoxicillin acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Lack of bacterial cell wall
results in death due to lysis of bacteria. So amoxicillin is useful only for actively growing
and cell wall synthesizing bacteria

Contraindication:

People who are allergic to Penicillin or cephalosporin type of antibiotics

Nursing responsibilities:

Note for any hypersensitivity reaction

Instruct clients that therapeutic regimen must be completed even if symptoms subside.
Childs dose should not exceed maximum adult dose.
Clients with GFR of 10-30 mL/min should receive 250-500mg q12h.
Monitor CBC, renal and liver function tests.
May be taken with food.
Antibiotic resistance may occur if used without practitioner consultation as duration of
therapy may not be completed.
Report: bleeding, sore throat, rash, diarrhea, worsening of symptoms, lack of response.

MEFENAMIC ACID

Generic Name: Mefenamic Acid

Brand Name: Ponstan, Ponstel

SUGUITAN, Kristine Joy E. Mam Almario
2NUR9 RLE3 Drug Analysis

Indications:

Mefenamic acid is used for the short-term treatment of mild to moderate pain from
various conditions. It is also used to decrease pain and blood loss from menstrual periods.
Mefenamic acid is known as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Mechanism of Action:

Mefenamic Acid is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis in vitro. Mefenamic Acid

concentrations reached during therapy have produced in vivo effects. Prostaglandins
sensitize afferent nerves and potentiate the action of bradykinin in inducing pain in
animal models. Prostaglandins are mediators of inflammation. Because Mefenamic Acid
is an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, its mode of action may be due to a decrease of
prostaglandins in peripheral tissues.

Contraindication:

Patients with known hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactic reactions and serious skin
reactions) to Mefenamic Acid or any components of the drug product
History of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other
NSAIDs. Severe, sometimes fatal, anaphylactic reactions to NSAIDs have been reported
in such patients
In the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery

Nursing responsibilities:

Notify physician if persistent GI discomfort, sore throat, fever, or malaise occur.

Discontinue drug promptly if diarrhea, dark stools, hematemesis, ecchymoses, epistaxis,
or rash occur and do not use again. Call the physician in charge
Monitor blood glucose for loss of glycemic control if diabetic.
Do not let the patient breast feed while taking this drug without consulting physician.

FERROUS SULFATE
Generic Name: Ferrouss Sulfate
SUGUITAN, Kristine Joy E. Mam Almario
2NUR9 RLE3 Drug Analysis

Brand Name:
Feosol
Fer-in-Sol
Fer-in-Sol TR
Ferra-TD

Indications:

This medication is an iron supplement used to treat or prevent low blood levels of iron
(e.g., for anemia or during pregnancy). Iron is an important mineral that the body needs
to produce red blood cells and keep you in good health.

Mechanism of Action:

Elevates the serum iron concentration which then helps to form High or trapped in the
reticuloendothelial cells for storage and eventual conversion to a usable form of iron.

Contraindication:

Hpersensitivity
Severe Hypotension

Nursing responsibilities:

Advise patient to take medicine as prescribed

Caution patient to make position changes slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension
Instruct patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol or OTC medicine without consulting
the physician
Advise patient to consult physician if irregular heartbeat, dyspnea, swelling of hands and
feet and hypotension occurs
Inform patient that angina attacks may occur 30 min. after administration due reflex
tachycardia
Encourage patient to comply with addition intervention for hypertension like proper diet,
regular exercise, lifestyle changes and stress management