1

fy;tpg; nghJj;juhju cah;jug; guPl;ir> Kd;Ndhbf; fUj;juq;F 2012

khjpup tpdhj;jhs; : jfty; njhlh;ghly; njhopy;El;gk; II A
jahupj;J ntspapLtJ : fy;tp mikr;R

mwpTWj;jy;fs;:
ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;Fk; ,j;jhspNyNa tpilaspf;f.

gFjp - A
mikg;Gf; fl;Liu

(1) (a) fzpdpapd; tsh;r;rpg;gbfspy; ,uz;lhk;> ehd;fhk; jiyKiwf; fzpdpfspy;

gad;gLj;jg;gl;l njhopy;El;g NtWghLfisf; Fwpg;gpLtJld;> ehd;fhk; jiyKiwf;
fzpdpfspd; mD$yq;fs; ,uz;bidAk; Fwpg;gpLf.

(b) Ez;nrayp nfhz;Ls;s Mizj; njhFjp fl;likg;G (Instruction Set Architecture) ,y;
gad;gLj;jg;gl;l rpf;fyhd topKiw FO fl;likg;G (CISC) kw;Wk; Fiwf;fg;gl;l
topKiw FO fl;likg;G (RISC) ,ilapyhd NtWghLfisf; Fwpg;gpLf.

(c) -123.75 ,id ePz;l jrk vz;fis xw;iw rupEl;g gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; (IEEE
Floating Point Single Precision Representation) Kiwapy; Fwpf;ifapy;.

i. Sign bit ngWkhdk; ahJ?

ii. 123.7510 ,id Jtpj tbtpw;F khw;Wf.

iii. NkNy (ii) ,y; ngwg;gl;l Jtpjg; ngWkhdj;ij epak tbtpw;F (Standard
notation) khw;Wf.

[,uz;lhk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f

 2

iv. NkNy (iii) ,y; ngwg;gl;l tYg; (Exponent) ngWkhdk; ahJ?

v. gpd;dg; gFjpapid gpl; Kiwapy; Fwpj;Jf; fhl;Lf.

vi.-123.75 ,id ePz;l jrk vz;fis gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; (IEEE-32)

tbtpy; Fwpj;Jf; fhl;Lf.

(2) (a) fPNo nkd;nghUs;; tiffs; rpy ml;ltizapy; jug;gl;Ls;sd. mtw;wpid ,af;f
Kiwik> gpuNahf nkd;nghUs;> gad;ghl;L nkd;nghUs; vd tifg;gLj;Jf.

nkd;nghUs; tiffs; Tif

tl;L xUq;fikj;jy; (Disk Defragmentation) ...

Xnguh (Opera) ...

Nkf;fpd;;nlh]; (Macintosh) ...

];fphpd; Nrth; (Screen Saver)

[_k;yh (Joomla)

kpd;l; (Mint)

(b) fzpdp ,af;f Kiwikapd; gpujhd njhopw;ghLfspy; epidtf KfhikAk;

xd;whFk;. ,J njhlh;ghf gpd;tUk; nrhw;gjq;fis tpsf;Ff.
i. epidtf xJf;fPL (Memory Allocation)

ii. epidtfk; khw;wg;gly; (Memory Swapping)

(c) 18 gpl;L nka;epfh; epidtf Kfthp ,lj;jpidf; nfhz;l (Virtual Memory Address
Space) fzpdpapy; 8 gpl;lhdJ gf;f Kfthpf;fhfg; (Page Address) gad;
gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
i. Nkw;gb Kfthp jpl;lkplypd; mbg;gilapy; cUthf;f KbAkhd gf;fq;fspd;
vz;zpf;ifapidf; fzpf;f.

ii. 010111010100111101 vd;Dk; nka;epfh; epidtf Kfthpapidf; fUJf. ,t;

tpyhrj;jpYs;s gf;fk; (page) kw;Wk; ngah;r;rp (displacement) ngWkhdq;fisf;
fhz;f.

(d) NTFS kw;Wk; FAT32 Nfhg;G KiwapYs;s NtWghLfs; ,uz;L jUf.

[%d;whk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f

 3

(3) gpd;tUk; re;jh;gg

; q;fis fUj;jpw; nfhs;f.

Fwpj;j epWtdk; jdJ Copah;fsJ Copah; ,yf;fk;> gpwe;j jpfjp> ngah;> taJ>
njhiyNgrp ,yf;fk; vd;gtw;wpidf; nfhz;l ml;ltizapidg; NgZtjw;fhd
mtrpaKs;sJ> ngauhdJ Kjw; ngah;> eLg;ngah;> ,Wjpg; ngah; vdg; 3
gFjpfshf cs;slf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; xUth; xd;wpw;F Nkw;gl;l njhiyNgrp
,yf;fq;fisg; gad;gLj;j KbAk;.

,e; epWtdk; jdJ Copah;fis njhopy; mgptpUj;jpf;fhd fw;if newpfspy;

<LgLj;JtJld; Fwpj;j fw;if newpahdJ Copah;fsJ fy;tp kl;lk;> Njit
vd;gtw;wpw;fika NtWgLfpd;wJ. ,f; fw;if newp ,yf;fk;> fw;if newpapd;
ngah; vd;gtw;wpidf; fUj;jpw; nfhs;tJld; xt;nthU CopaUf;Fk; Kd;
epakpf;fg;gl;l kzpj;jpahyq;fSf;fika gq;Fgw;w KbAk;. xUtUf;F xd;Wf;F
Nkw;gl;l fw;if newpfspy; gq;F gw;w KbtJld; Fwpj;j xU fw;if newpapy; gy
Copah;fs; gq;Fgw;w KbAk;.

(a) Nkw;$wg;gl;l re;ju;g;gj;jpw;F nghUj;jkhd ER tiuglj;jpid tiuf.

(b) NkNy gFjp(a) apy; milahsk; fhzg;gl;l gy-gy njhlh;gpid (many to many
relationship) nfhz;Ls;s epiyj;jpUf;Fk; nghUl;fs; (entity) tif ahJ? NkYk;
many to many relationship ,id mfw;wpa gpd;duhd ER tiuglj;jpd; gFjpapid tiuf.

(c) ER tiugl cwTKiwapd; (relationship) NghJ gz;Gfs; (attributes) Fwpf;fg;gLkhapd;

mjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;jf;$ba gz;G tif (type of attribute) ahJ? ,jid Nkw;gb ER
tiuglj;jpd; cjtpAld; cjhuzk; nfhz;L tpsf;Ff.

(d) Nkw;$wg;gl;l re;ju;g;gj;jpid %d;whk; nghJikg;gLj;jy; (3rd Normal Form) tbtj;jpy;

fhz;gpg;gjw;Fhpa mikg;G Kiwapid (Schema) jUf.

[ehd;fhk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f

 4

(4) (a) fPo;tUk; ml;ltizapy; epidtfq;fspd; tiffSk;> mtw;wpd; gz;GfSk;

fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sd. mtw;wpy; ngsjpf msT epiyahdJ VWthpirapy; 1 Kjy; 5 tiu
fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jidf; fUjj;jpw; nfhz;L kw;iwa gz;GfspdJk; epiyapid
VWthpirg;gLj;Jf.
gz;Gfs;
xU
ngsjpf
epidtf tif mZfy; igw;Wf;fhd
msT mZfy; Neuk; nfhs;ssT
(Memory type) Ntfk; fpuak;
(Physical (Access time) (Capacity)
(Access speed) (Cost per
size)
byte)
epidTg;gjpT
1
(Register)
tpiuT epidtfk;
2
(Cache Memory)
Jizj;
Njf;fq;fs;
4
(Secondary
storage)
njhiy Jizj;
Njf;fq;fs;
5
(Remote secondary
storage)
vOkhW mZfy;
epidtfk;
3
(Random Access
Memory)

(b) (i) ,af;ftpay; vOkhW mZfy; epidtfj;jpw;Fk; (D-RAM)> epiyapay;

vOkhW mZfy epidtfj;jpw;Fk; (S-RAM) ,ilapyhd NtWghLfs; ,uz;bid
tpghpf;Ff.

,af;ftpay; vOkhW mZfy; epidtfk; epiyapay; vOkhW mZfy; epidtfk;

(D-RAM) (S-RAM)
1

(ii) epidTg; gjpT(Register) kw;Wk; tpiuT epidtfk; (Cache Memory) fpatw;wpw;Fg;

nghUj;jkhdJ epiyapay; vOkhW mZfy; epidtfk; (S-RAM) MFk;. jw;fhd
fhuzk; ahJ?

[Ie;jhk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f

 5
(c)

Table name : Student

Ad_No Std_Name Grade Gender

A 001 Samanthi 12 Art Female

A002 Kamal 12Art Male

A003 Sanjeeva 12Com Male

A004 Sanduni 12Art Female

(i) Nkw;gb ml;ltizapid jahhpg;gjw;fhd SQL $w;wpid vOJf.

(ii) Student vd;Dk; ml;ltizapy; gpd;tUk; ngWkhdj;jpid cs;thq;Ftjw;fhd

SQL $w;wpid vOJf. (A005, Nimal, 12Sci, Male)

(iii) Nkw;gb ml;ltizapy; Tel_No VARCHAR(10) vd;Dk; Gyj;jpid

cUthf;Ftjw;fhd SQL $w;wpid vOJf