Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA)

Data :
Mortar Cubes Compressive Strength after
% of Ash Total Mean
28days (MPa)
0 32 32.7 32.5 97.2 32.4
20 21.7 16.3 19.4 57.4 19.13
40 10.5 12.4 12 34.9 11.63
60 7.7 9.3 8.5 25.5 8.5
80 3.2 3.4 3.5 10.1 3.37
100 0 0 0 0 0

= 225.1 = 75.03

Equations :

1.) Sum of Squares

A.) SS total = ((xi)2) + (x)2/N
= (322 + 32.72 + 32.52 + 21.72 + 16.32 + 19.42 + 10.52 +
12.42 + 122 + 7.72 + 9.32 + 8.52 + 3.22 + 3.42 + 3.52) -
(225.12/15)
=1544.57
B.) SS treatment = ( (1/n) x ((xi)2 per percentage) )- (x)2/N
= 97.22 + 57.42 + 34.92 + 25.52 + 10.12 - (225.12/15)
=1526.9
C.) SS error = (SS total) - (SS treatment)
= 1544.57 - 1526.9
=18.28
2.) Degree of Freedom
D.) df total =N-1
= 15 - 1 = 14
E.) df treatment =a-1
=6-1=5
F.) df error =N-a
= 15 - 6 = 9
3.) Mean Square
G.) MS treatment = SS treatment / df treatment
= 1526.9/5 = 305.26
H.) MS error = SS error / df error
= 18.28/9 = 2.03

4.) Observed F value, Fo:

 I.) Fo = MS treatment / MS error
= 305.26/2.03 = 150.37
J.) Fcritical = 3.482 (from table)

Decision :

Fo > Fcritical, reject null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis is accepted.

Official Values of F critical for the 0.05 significance level:

Dftreat
ment/
dferror 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
161.44 199.49 215.70 224.58 230.16 233.98 236.76 238.88 240.54 241.88
1 600 900 700 300 000 800 700 400 300 200
18.512 19.000 19.164 19.246 19.296 19.329 19.353 19.370 19.384 19.395
2 80 00 20 70 30 50 10 90 70 90
10.128 9.5520 9.2766 9.1171 9.0134 8.9406 8.8867 8.8452 8.8123 8.7854
3 00 8 2 7 3 7 3 3 2 9
7.7086 6.9442 6.5913 6.3882 6.2560 6.1631 6.0942 6.0410 5.9988 5.9643
4 5 8 9 3 7 3 1 3 0 5
6.6078 5.7861 5.4094 5.1921 5.0503 4.9502 4.8758 4.8183 4.7724 4.7350
5 8 5 5 6 4 9 6 3 6 6
5.9873 5.1432 4.7570 4.5336 4.3873 4.2838 4.2066 4.1468 4.0990 4.0599
6 7 5 6 9 7 6 7 1 1 6
5.5914 4.7374 4.3468 4.1203 3.9715 3.8659 3.7870 3.7257 3.6766 3.6365
7 6 2 3 1 2 8 5 2 7 3
5.3176 4.4589 4.0661 3.8378 3.6875 3.5805 3.5004 3.4381 3.3881 3.3471
8 4 7 8 5 0 8 6 0 2 7
5.1173 4.2564 3.8625 3.6330 3.4816 3.3737 3.2927 3.2295 3.1789 3.1372
9 6 9 4 9 6 6 4 9 0 7
4.9645 4.1028 3.7082 3.4780 3.3258 3.2171 3.1354 3.0716 3.0203 2.9782
10 9 2 7 5 4 8 7 6 8 4