Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
CN X (vagus)
Duodenum
Pancreas (except tail)
Ureter
Colon (ascending and descending)
Kidneys
Esophagus
Rectum
process of mandible
Cell bodies of primary sensory neurons of Mesencephalic nucleus of V (Trigeminal)
What is found between basal lamina and secretory Basket (myoepithelial) cells
cell membrane?
Difference between hyaline cartilage and bone? Hyaline cartilage can grow interstitially
through?
nasopharynx?
Muscle whos tendon loops around pterygoid Tensor veli palatini
Only palatal muscle innervated by Trigeminal Tensor veli palatine (everything else is X (Vagus))
plexus?
Ethmoid sinus drains into? Anterior group drains into middle meatus
cavity?
conchae
Middle meatus: between middle and inferior
conchae
Inferior meatus: under inerior conchae
Insertion to articular disc of TMJ (upper head) and Lateral pterygoid muscle
mandibular condyle (lower head)
pterygoid plate)?
Insertion to lateral of angle of mandible? Masseter
Derived from neural crest, produces epinephrine, Adrenal Medulla, spinal autonomic ganglia
norepinephrine, and dopamine from tyrosine
Brachial arches
Muscles: muscles of mastication, anterior digastric,
2nd:
3rd:
Muscles: stylopharyngeus
Skeletal: Hyoid (greater horn)
levator palate
Skeletal: thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage,
arytenoid cartilage
Nerve & Artery: X (Vagus)
nervous system)
contain?
Supplies parasympathetic fibers to ascending colon Vagus
Crista terminalis is the line of junction between Sinus venosus and auricle
primitive?
of?
lingual)? crypts
smooth muscle
Keratinized papilla? Filiform papilla
(Glossopharyngeal)
Anterior 2/3 Sensory: Lingual nerve (branch of V3)
Cell bodies of preganglionic parasympathetic fibers Nuclei of certain cranial nerves and in the
of autonomic nervous system are located in? anterolateral cell column of grey substance of 2nd,
Meckels cartilage is responsible for growth of? Mandibular arch; dissolution with minor
contribution to ossification
genioglossus
What structures are within the parotid gland? Facial nerve, auriculotemporal nerve, external
carotid artery, superficial temporal artery
Structures found in the space between medial Lingual nerve, inferior alveolar nerve and artery
pterygoid muscle and ramus of mandible are? NOT lingual artery
Structures found between hyoglossus and Lingual nerve, sublingual gland, submandibular
pterygoid
Vessels: middle meningial artery, inferior alveolar
Sucular epithelium, small spaces between cells in Small amount of tissue fluid
Epithelial layers
NOT muscularis mucosa
Stratum Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum,
Difference between papillary and reticular layer? Papillary layer more finely constructed whereas
reticular layer contains coarser collagenous fibers
what joint?
Muscles of mastication receive their major blood Pterygoid (second) part
of reticular fibers
T-lymphocytes
Greater omentum joins? Transverse colon to stomach
Iniguinal ligament runs between? Anterior superior iliac spine and the pupic tubercle
arch?
Permits blood flow from right to left atrium? Foramen ovale
Cilia and Flagellum core consists of? 9x2 arrangement of microtubules (9 double
Cores of intestinal villi consists of? Lamina propria that contain blood vessels, nerves,
and lacteals
Structures passing through superior orbital fissue CN 3, 4, 5, 6: Oculomotor nerve (III), Trochlear
nerve (IV), ophthalmic nerve (V1), abducens nerve
Prochordal plate consists of? Endoderm of roof of yolk sac and embryonic
Small bronchus differs from bronchiole by? Bronchus has pseudostratified columnar epithelium
and cartilage
Ependymal cells constitute the tissue that? Lines the ventricles of brain
Lymph from lungs, bronchi, and trachea drains Mediastinal lymph nodes
into?
Common bile duct and pancreatic duct joins at? Hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)
Aldosterone
Testosterone
Estradiol
Cortisol
Biochemistry/Physiology
Linkages in glycogen?
Lowers the rest and digest activity of muscles and
Alpha-1,6
Atropine
Found in liver and kidney, but not in muscle or Glucose-6-phosphatase (last step in
brain?
Liver has precedence over other tissues in taking up
gluconeogenesis: G-6-P to glucose)
Glucokinase (1st step in glycolysis: phophorylates
NOT troponin
conjugated with?
Chemoreceptors that detect decreased partial Carotid body
(bacterial exotoxin))
Functions of Vitamin K?
Heparin (Vitamin K antagonist)
Carboxylation of glutamate residues
Stimulation of osteoclasts
25-hydroxycholecalciferol
Stimulation of calcium reabsorption by intestines
Active form of vitamin D, absobs calcium
essential for?
Transports fatty acids? Albumin
Hyaluronate is?
sulfate, heparin sulfate, heparin, hyaluronic acid
Glycosaminoglycan (non-sulfated), polyanion,
ovulation?
of bone?
Decreases osteoclastic activity, inhibits bone Calcitonin
resorption
Stimulated by acetylcholine
Contraction of smooth muscle (anti-inflammatory)
Skeletal muscle
Adenosine
in response to?
Area of brain
Amplitude: intensity
Thalamus: relay center
Trancellular fluids (1 L)
What compartment carries the most amount of Systemic veins (reservoir for blood)
blood?
Muscle fibers Type I: slow-twitch
More mitochondria
More capillaries
Lower myosin ATPase activity
Microbiology/Pathology
Rifampicin mechanism?
Ciprofloxacin mechanism?
Binds and inactivates RNA polymerase
Inhibits DNA gyrase with broad spectrum of
activity
Injection of penicillin into penicillin-sensitized Constriction of bronchioli and drop in blood
because?
microflora?
Treatment of disease caused by fungus? Amphotericin B
nerves
Calcium dipicolinate present in? Spores
response (IgE)
IL-5 (TH2) differentiation of B cells
bone marrow?
Interstitial pulmonary inflammation is most Viral pneumonia
characteristic of?
Protection against Hep B? Anti-HBsAg (Hep B Surface Antigen)
Prevotella
Actinobacillus
Porphyromonas
Oral streptococci
Infective endocarditis associates with?
Alpha-hemolytic
Alpha-hemolytic streptococci
x-linked recessive?
body?
Lipids accumulate in spleen, liver, lungs, bone Niemann-Pick disease
lungs
inflammatory response?
Composed of Lipoprotein-polysaccharide Endotoxin
complexes?
Toxic, not secreted by bacteria are (but contained Endotoxin
Tests to distinguish Streptococcus mutans from other Fermentation of mannitol and sorbitol
oral streptococci? Production of intracellular polysaccharide
acquire salpingitis
pneumoniae
Distinguish between Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumonia has antiphagocytic
is?
What is most likely involved in bacillary dysentery Shigella
What would you use to culture root canal specimens? Thioglycollate broth
IgE
Asthma, urticaria (hives), anaphylaxis
rheumatic fever
Viremia is?
Juvenile periodontitis is associated with?
Virus entering bloodstream susceptible to Ab
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
Histamine released from mast cells require? IgE attached to mast cells and reacting with antigen
No corrosion
destruction by?
Spores are destroyed by? Autoclaving: 121 degrees C for 20 min
asthma
Resistant to penicillin?
Abscess formation is associated with?
Staphylococcus (has enzyme that attacks penicillin)
Staphylococcus
is?
Immunological resistance to intracellular pathogens Cellular: mediated by lymphocytes and
is?
Malignant epithelial cells have increased number and
macrophages. Such as in skin graft rejection
Laminin (helps to attach to basement membrane)
Glomerulonephritis
Nephritic syndrome
Viral infection, inflammation of glomeruli
Collection of signs with disorders affecting kidneys
(glomerular disorders)
Nephrotic syndrome Leak of protein into urine
Prostacyclin and thromboxane are products of? Cyclooxygenase (breaks down arachidonic acid)
Leukotrienes are producs of? Lipoxygenase (breaks down arachidonic acid)
Pleural effusion
Bacterial pneumonia
medulla)?
albicans is?
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
nucleus
During necrosis, cell death irreversible cell damage, Karyolysis
against?
Cause of pyelonephritis (UTI) Infection from urinary reflux
accumulate in brain
Facial erythema, fever, Raynauds phenomenon Systemic lupus erythematosus
photophobia has?
Blood smear Fe-deficiency anemia: hypochromic-microcytic