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BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRY.
gives the solution more intense blue color which allows the
4. Why is it significant to scan over a wavelength range? Why is the analytical wavelength
used in the determination of the absorbance of the standard and sample solutions?
6. What is the significance of y-intercept of your calibration curve? Discuss its deviation
from the theoretical value?
The y-intercept is the absorbance of only ammonia in the solution, in other words it is
the absorbance of the blank solution. The calculated value of the absorbance of the blank
solution is 0.0062. The deviation of this value from the theoretical value may be caused
by reactions that are undergoing in the solution such as dissociation or the establishment
of equilibrium
7. Cite other analytical applications of spectrophotometry?
Aside from concentration determination there are many other ways of applying
spectrophotometry. Such applications are detection of impurities, structure elucidation
of organic compounds, chemical kinetics, detection of functional groups, molecular
weight determination, etc.
8. What are the possible sources of errors and their effect on the calculated parameters?
When handling the cuvette only the frosted side can be in contact with human skin,
holding the cuvette on the clear smooth side will imprint fingerprints that contain oil
and dust, which will block the light that passes through. This will decrease the
transmitter of the cu(II) solution and therefore increasing the absorbance. The
concentration will also increase since absorbance and concentration are directly
proportional according to Beers law. Another source of error if laterally flipping the
cuvette, this may cause deviations in absorbance reading. Since this experiment deals
with solutions there are also the usual possible errors in solution preparation.
APPENDIX
total L of Solution
ppmC u
2.00 mL :
2500 mg 1L
2+=
( l
1000 mL
2 mL )
=100 ppm
0.05 L
ppm C u
4.00 mL:
2500 mg 1L
2+=
( l
1000 mL
4 mL )
=200 ppm
0.05 L
ppm C u
6.00 mL:
2500 mg 1L
2+=
( l
1000 mL
6 mL )
=300 ppm
0.05 L
ppm C u
8.00 mL:
2500 mg 1L
2+=
( l
1000 mL
8 mL )
=400 ppm
0.05 L
ppm C u
10.00 mL:
2500 mg 1L
2+=
( l
1000 mL
10 mL )
=500 ppm
0.05 L
ppm C u
Sample analysis:
Trial 3:
y=0.0011 x +0.0062
y =0.106
0.106=0.0011 x+ 0.0062
x=90.72727273
Average concentration
= 91.33333 ppm