Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Capacitors
Series and Parallel Capacitors
Inductors
Series and Parallel Inductors
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A capacitor is a passive element designed to store
energy in its electric field.
qC v A
and C
d
the ability of a substance to
store electrical energy in an
electric field
dv 1 t
iC
dt
and v
C
t0
i d t v(t0 )
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The energy (w) stored in the
capacitor is:
1
w Cv 2
A capacitor is:
an open circuit to dc (dv/dt = 0).
its voltage cannot change abruptly.
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HINT:
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The equivalent capacitance of N parallel-connected
capacitors is the sum of the individual capacitances.
Ceq C1 C2 ... C N
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The equivalent capacitance of N series-connected
capacitors is the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of
the individual capacitances.
1 1 1 1
...
Ceq C1 C2 CN
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Example
Find the voltage across each of the capacitors in the
circuit shown below:
Answer:
v1 = 30V
v2 = 30V
v3 = 10V
v4 = 20V
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Inductance is the property whereby an inductor
exhibits opposition to the change of current flowing
through it, measured in henrys (H).
di N2 A
vL and L
dt l
1 t
i
L t0
v (t ) d t i (t 0 )
The power stored by an inductor:
1
w L i2
2
An inductor acts like a short circuit to dc (di/dt =
0) and its current cannot change abruptly.
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Example
The terminal voltage of a 2-H inductor is:
v = 10(1-t) V
Assume i(0) = 2 A.
Answer:
i(4s) = -18A
w(4s) = 320J
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Example
Answer:
iL = 3A
vC = 3V
wL = 1.125J
wC = 9J
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The equivalent inductance of series-connected
inductors is the sum of the individual inductances.
Leq L1 L2 ... LN
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The equivalent capacitance of parallel inductors is the
reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual
inductances.
1 1 1 1
...
Leq L1 L2 LN
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Example
Calculate the equivalent inductance for the inductive
ladder network in the circuit shown below:
Answer:
Leq = 25mH
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Current and voltage relationship for R, L, C
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