Name: Audi

Period: Date: 5/8/17

Temperature and Heat Worksheet 1

Kinetic Theory of Matter:

Molecules are always moving. This is known as the kinetic theory of matter.
We measure this kinetic energy with a thermometer as temperature.
The greater the material's internal energy, the higher the temperature of that material.
Heat is the energy flow between objects of different temperature.
Heat and temperature are NOT the same.
Brownian motion describes how visible particles are seen moving due to invisible molecules
bumping into them.

Phases of Matter:
Solid
matter that has definite volume and shape.
The molecules are packed together tightly and move slowly.
Liquid
matter that has definite volume but not shape.
Since the molecules of a liquid are loosely packed and move with greater speed,
a liquid can flow and spread.
Gas
matter that has indefinite volume or shape.
Molecules of a gas are so loosely arranged and move so rapidly that they will fill
their container.

PART 1
Phase Change Descriptions:
Melting
the change from solid to liquid
Freezing
the change from liquid to solid
Evaporation
the change from liquid to gas .
Condensation
the change from gas to liquid.
Sublimation
the change from solid to gas .
Deposition
the change from gas to solid .
 PART 2

Fill in the phase changes in the blank provided.

1.melting

2.freezing

3.sublimation

4.deposition

5.condensation

6.vaporazition

PART 3
 Phase Change
The graph was drawn from data collected as a substance was heated at a constant rate.
Use the graph to answer the following questions.

At point A, the beginning of observations, the substance exists in a solid state. Material in this
phase has fixed volume and fixed shape. With each passing minute, heat is added to the
substance. This causes the molecules of the substance to change heat more rapidly which we
detect by a thermometer rise in the substance. At point B, the temperature of the substance is
70C. The solid begins to melt. At point C, the substance is completely melted or in a liquid state.
Material in this phase has fixed volume and dynamic shape. The energy put to the substance
between minutes 5 and 9 was used to convert the substance from a liquid to a gas this heat
energy is called the latent heat of fusion.

Between 9 and 13 minutes, the added energy increases the volume of the substance. During the
time from point D to point E, the liquid is becoming gas, By point E, the substance is
completely in the gas phase. Material in this phase has dyanamic volume and dyanamic shape.
The energy put to the substance between minutes 13 and 18 converted the substance from a
liqyud to a gas state. This heat energy is called the latent heat of vaporization.

Beyond point E, the substance is still in the gas phase, but the molecules are moving faster and
away from each other as indicated by the
Substance Melting point Boiling point
increasing temperature.
Bolognium 20 C 100 C
Unobtainium 40 C 140 C
Which of these three substances was likely Foosium 70 C 140 C
used in this phase change experiment?

_____________________________
BONUS: For water, the value for the latent heat of vaporization is 6.8 times greater than the latent heat of fusion.
Imagine we were adding heat at a constant rate to a block of ice in a beaker on a hot plate, and it took 4 minutes for
the ice to melt completely. How long would it take, after the water started boiling, for the beaker to be completely
empty (the liquid water totally converted to water vapor)?

PART 4

1. In a heat calculation problem, if the problem asks about melting/freezing you would
multiply the mass times _______________________.
a. heat of fusion
b. heat of vaporization
c. or specific heat
2. In a heat calculation problem, if the problem asks about a change in temperature,
you would multiply the mass times ___________________ times the change in
temperature.
a. Heat of fusion
b. Heat of vaporization
c. Specific heat

3. In a heat calculation problem, if the problem asks about vaporizing/condensing of

steam, you would multiply the mass times __________________.
a. Heat of fusion
b. Heat of vaporization
c. Specific heat

Substance Hf(J/g) HV(J/g) Cp(J/gC)

Copper 205 4,726 0.387
Ethyl 109 879 2.45
alcohol
Gold 64.5 1,578 0.129
Lead 24.7 858 0.128
Silver 88 2,300 0.233
Water (g) 334 2,260 2.06
Water (l) 334 2,260 4.18
Water (s) 334 2,260 2.02

Use the above table to answer the following.

4. 1 kilo calories = 1000 calories = 1000 Calories = 4160 joules

Given
1 Kca

1kca=1000ca

1cal= 4.16 joule

1000cal x 4.16 joule= 4160 Joules

5. What is the specific heat of silicon if it takes 192J to raise the temperature of 45.0g
of Si by 6.0oC?
Given
J=192J
M=45g or 0.045kg
Si=6.0c

Q=mcdeltaT
192J=45gxcx6c
C=192J/0.045kgx6c
C=711.111j/kg c

6. What is the specific heat of lead if it takes 96J to raise the temperature of a 75g
block by 10oC?

Given
J=96J
M=75g
T=10c

Q=mcdeltaT
96j=0.075gxcx10c
C=96J/0.075gx10c
C=128J/kg c

7. How many joules must be added to 10.0 g of water to raise its temperature from
10oC to 15oC?
 Given
M=10g
T=5c
C=4182 J/Kg C

Q=mcdeltat

Q=0.01kg*4182 J/KG C*5c

Q=209.1 J

8. How many joules are needed to heat 20.0 g of Au (Aurum or Gold) from 10oC to
50oC?
Given
M=20g
T=40C
C=129 J/kg C

Q=mcdelta t
Q=0.02kg*129J/kg c*40c
Q=103.2J

9. How many joules are released as 5.00 g of Pb cool from 75oC to 25oC?
Given
M=0.005kg
T=50c
C=129 J/kg C

Q=mcdeltat
Q=0.005kg*129 kg/j C*50C
Q=32.25J

10. How many joules are needed to completely melt 25 g of ice at 0oC?
M=0.025kg
T=0 C
C=2093J/kg C

Q=mcdeltat
Q=0.025kg*2093J/kg C*0c
Q=0J

11. How many joules are released as 10.0 g of steam at 110oC cools to produce water at
25oC?
M=0.01kg
T=85C
C=3985J/kg c
Q=mcdeltat
Q=0.01kg*3985J/kg C*85C
Q=3387.25J

12. A 5.0 g piece of metal is heated to 100oC, then placed in a beaker containing 20.0 g
of water at 10oC. The temperature of the water rises to 15oC. Assuming that heat
lost by the metal = heat gained by the water. Calculate the specific heat of the
metal.
Q=
M=0.005kg
T=100C
C=
M2=0.02kg
T2=5C
C2=4182J/kg C
Q= 428.2J/kg C
13. Titanium metal is used as a structural material in many high-tech applications such
as jet engines. What is the specific heat of titanium in J/gC if it takes 89.7 J to raise
the temperature of a 33.0g block by 5.20C?
M=33g
T=5.2C
C=89.7 J
Q

Q=mcdeltat
C=Q/MxT

C=89.7J/33g*5.2C
C=0.522J/g