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8396 6
MACHINE DESIGN AND SHOP PRACTICE PROBLEMS SET 1 t 0.00441 m 4.41 mm
2s t 2 40 000
2. What is the polar section modulus of a solid shaft with a diameter of 6. A steel shaft 1.75 inches in diameter transmits 40 Hp at 1800 rpm.
101.6 mm? Assuming a modulus of rigidity of 12 x 10 6 psi, find the torsional
deflection of the shaft in degrees per foot length.
a) 209.5 cm3 b) 209.5 cm4
c) 205.9 cm3 d) 205.9 cm4 a) 0.0073 b) 0.0037
c) 0.0063 d) 0.00013
Answer: c) 205.9 cm3
63 000 Hp 63000 40
32 32
1800 0.00013 radian 0.0073
J 2J 3
D 10.16 3 205.9 cm 3 T 32T n
4
Zj
1.75 12 x 106
Solution: c D 16 16
L JG D G D4 G 4
4. With the water interruptions prevailing in your town, you have been 8. A helical-coil spring has a mean coil diameter of 1 inch and a wire
asked to design an upright cylindrical water tank 6 meters in diameter of 1/8 inch. Determine the curve correction factor of the
diameter and 6 meters high, vented, and to be filled completely with spring.
water. Determine the minimum thickness of the tank plate if the
stress is limited to 40 Mpa. a) 1.144 b) 1.44
c) 1.1144 d) 1.1414
a) 3.3 mm b) 4.4 mm
c) 5.5 mm d) 8.8 mm Answer: Curve Correction Factor, Kc = 1.1144
1
4C 1 0.615
Kw C 1.184 1.1144
Kc 4C 4 tan 1
L 1 p 1 0.25 1
tan tan tan 0.09095 5.197
o
Ks 2 C 1 1.0625
D m Dm 0 .875
Solution: 2 C
Solving for the torque required to overcome the collar friction,
9. This is either the upper or the lower deviation, depending on which is
closer to the basic size. How do you call this deviation? fFD c 0.2 200 0.5
Tc 20 in lb
2 2
a) Fundamental deviation b) Upper deviation
c) Lower deviation d) Tolerance Solving for the torque required to overcome the thread friction,
10. A vise is equipped with a 1-inch single square thread, with 4 threads FD m tan f 200 0.875 0.09095 0.2
per inch. The frictional radius of the collar is 0.5 inch. The coefficient Ts 25.93 in lb
of friction for both the collar and threads is 0.20. How much external 2 1 f tan 2 1 0.2 0.9095
torque must be applied to produce a force of 200 lb against the jaws Solving for the total torque,
of the vise?
T = Ts + Tc = 25.93 + 20 = 45.93 inches
a) 39.73 in-lb b) 33.97 in-lb
c) 37.93 in-lb d) 39.37 in-lb
11. What is the difference between the maximum and minimum size
Answer: c) 37.93 in-lb limits of a part?
1 1 a) 1.148 b) 1.184
p 0.25 inch c) 1.418 d) 1.814
For the thread pitch,
Number of Threads per Inch 4
Answer: b) Wahl Factor, Kw = 1.184
For the minor diameter, Di = Do p = 1 0.25 = 0.75 inch
Dm 1
For the mean or pitch diameter of the screw, C 8
d 1
D o Di 1 0.75 Solution: 8
Dm 0.875 inch
2 2 4C 1 0.615 4 8 1 0.615
Kw 1.184
4C 4 C 4 8 8 8
For the lead angle,
2
1.5708 1.5708
t 0.31416 inch
pd 5
Solution:
13. It is the capacity of a material to absorb energy when it is deformed
elastically and then, upon unloading, to increase this energy. What is
this capacity of a material?
17. How do you call a structural member designed to support loads
perpendicular to its longitudinal axis?
a) Resilience b) Toughness
c) Rigidity d) Ductility a) Cantilever beam b) Beam
c) Overhanging beam d) Column
Answer: a) Resilience
Answer: b) Beam
14. A helical-coil spring has a mean coil diameter of 1 inch and a wire 18. Compute the speed of the gear mounted on a 52.5 mm diameter
diameter of 1/8 inch. Determine the value of Bergstrassar factor of shaft receiving power from a driving motor with 250 Hp.
the spring.
a) 2 182 rpm b) 2 071 rpm
a) 1.172 b) 1.712 c) 2 265 rpm d) 2 341 rpm
c) 1.217 d) 1.271
Answer: c) The speed, N = 2265 rpm
Answer: a) Bergstrassar Factor, KB = 1.1724
Solution:
D 1 4C 2 4 8 2 80 P 80 250
C m 8 KB 1.1724 N 2 264 .92 rpm
1
d
4C 3 4 8 3
3 3
8 D 52 .5
Solution:
From PSME Code: 25 .4
15. How do you call the strain energy per unit volume required to stress a
material from an unloaded state to the point of yielding?
a) Modulus of roughness 19. It is a load applied transversely to longitudinal axis of member. How
do you call this load?
b) Modulus of elasticity
c) Modulus of rigidity a) Bending load b) Combined load
d) Modulus of resilience c) Distributed load d) Cyclic load
16. Compute the tooth thickness of a 14.5o spur gear with diametral pitch 20. What is a load distributed over an entire area?
of 5.
a) Bending load b) Combined load
a) 0.23140 inch b) 0.31416 inch c) Distributed load d) Cyclic load
c) 0.43140 inch d) 0.03140 inch
Answer: c) Distributed load
Answer: b) Tooth thickness, t = 0.31416 inch
3
25. How do you call a statistical data used to identify the most likely
failure modes?
21. Compute the working strength of 1 inch bolt which is screwed up
tightly in packed joint when the allowable working stress is 13000 psi. a) Finite element analysis
b) Fault free analysis
a) 3 600 lb b) 3 950 lb c) Failure analysis
c) 3 900 lb d) 3 800 lb d) Random analysis
Solution: From machinerys Handbook, page 1149: 26. A hollow iron pipe to be designed as a column has an outside
W s t 0.55 d 0.25 d 13 000 0.55 1 0.25 1 3 900 lb
2 2 diameter of 240 mm and is subjected to a force of 80 KN. Find the
pipe thickness if the compressive stress is limited to 16 MPa.
a. 5.85 mm b. 6.85 mm
22. It is a design approach where no catastrophic loss can occur as a c. 7.85 mm d. 8.85 mm
result of a component failure. What is this design approach?
Answer: b) Pipe thickness, t = 6.85 mm
a) Fail-safe design approach
b) Fault free analysis approach Solution:
c) Manifest danger approach
d) Redundancy approach Inside Diameter,
4F 4 80
Answer: a) Fail-safe design approach
Di Do2 0.24 2 0.2263 m 226.3 mm
s 16 000
23. It is the condition of a machine element when it is completely
inoperable, cannot perform its intended function adequately, or is
unreliable for continued safe use. What do you call this condition?
a) 16.95 b) 21.65 27. It is a computational method used for solving complex shapes, such
c) 19.56 d) 25.12 as those found in machinery; replaces the complex shape with a set
of simple elements interconnected at a finite set of a specific
Answer: Shear Stress, ss = 19.56 MPa purpose. What is this computational method?
Tp
tan 1 tan 1 14 18 .4 o
Tg 42
Solution:
28. A uniform beam 12 meters long is fixed at one end. It has a uniform
weight of 50 kg/m along its length. A load of 20 kgs. is suspended on
31. How do you call the diameter of the imaginary cylinder that bounds
the beam 4 m from the free end. The moment at the fixed end is
the crest of an external thread and the roots of an internal thread?
a. 3760 kg-m b. 0.0 kg-m
a) Mean diameter b) Stress diameter
c. 60 kg-m d. 4800 kg-m
c) Minor diameter d) Major diameter
Answer: a) 3760 kg-m
Answer: d) Major diameter
Solution: Bending Moment,
32. A 20o straight-tooth bevel pinion having 14 teeth and a diametral
M 6 600 8 20 3 760 kg m pitch of 6 teeth/inch drives a 32-tooth gear. The two shafts are at
right angles and in the same plane. The pinion is to transmit 1800
rpm and transmitting 50 hp. Determine the pitch diameters of the
W = 50 (12) = 600 kg gears.
F = 20 kgs a) 2.33 inches and 5.36 inches
b) 3.23 inches and 3.56 inches
c) 5.36 inches and 6.36 inches
d) 2.33 inches and 2.33 inches
6m
8m Answer: a) 2.33 inches and 5.36 inches
Solution:
T1 14
29. When a hot part is cooled suddenly by quenching, there is D1 2.33 inches
momentarily a high temperature gradient that induces a stress Pd 6
gradient. Some metal parts under certain conditions crack as a result. T2 32
How do you call this phenomenon? D 2 D1 2.33 5.36 inches
T
1 14
a) Thermal-shock failure b) Thermal fatigue
c) Honing d) Quenching
33. It is a measure of the change in length of a material subjected to a
Answer: a) Thermal-shock failure change in temperature. How do you call this property of the material?
30. A 20o straight-tooth bevel pinion having 14 teeth and a diametral a) Toughness
pitch of 6 teeth/inch drives a 42-tooth gear. The two shafts are at b) Coefficient of thermal expansion
right angles and in the same plane. Find the pitch angle of the pinion. c) Thermal conductivity
5
d) Electric Resistivity 35. What is a condition where one surface is comparatively free of stress?
I 0.0491 in.4
Moment of Inertia, 64 64
6
steels and for use where fatigue resistance and long endurance are
needed; this is also good for shock and impact loads.
38. A triple threaded worm has a pitch diameter of 3 inches. The wheel 40. What is the largest roller chain size that can be used for power
has 25 teeth and a pitch diameter of 5 inches. Material for both the transmission at a sprocket speed of 1000 rpm?
wheel and the wheel is phosphor bronze. Determine the helix angle
of the gear. a) RC 35 b) RC 50
c) RC 80 d) RC 60
a) 11.31o b) 13.11o
c) 11.13o d) 10.13o Answer: d) RC 60
2
Answer: Gear Helix angle = 11.31o 900 3
p max
Note: Max. Chain Pitch in Practice: n
Solution:
2
Dg 5 900 3
Pc 0.6283 inch p max 0.932 in
Tg 25 1000
Circular pitch of the worm gear,
Since RC 80, p = 1 inch exceeds the maximum and RC 70 does not
Where, Pc = Pa = pitch of the worm
exist, and then use RC 60.
2 30 P 2 30 25 000
Ft 7 957 .75 N
Solution:
D n 0.10 600
43. A double thread ACME screw driven by a motor at 400 rpm raises the
attached load of 900 kg at a speed of 10 m/min. The screw has a
pitch diameter of 36 mm; the coefficient of friction on threads is 0.15.
The friction torque on the thrust bearing of the motor is taken as 20 46. A bearing that primarily guides the motion of a machine member
% of the total input. Determine the lead angle. without specific regard to the direction of load application.
Answer: 3638 N
44. What Hp can a 1-inch diameter short shaft transmit at 380 rpm?
Solution:
a) 3 Hp b) 18 Hp
c) 10 Hp d) 7.1 Hp 30 P 30 100
T 0.3183 kN m 318 .3 N m
Answer: c) 10 Hp n 3000
8
D d
T f P rf N fs f P N fs 49. What is the bursting steam pressure of a hemispherical steel shell
4 with a diameter of 100 inches and made of 0.0635-m thick steel
plate, if the joint efficiency is 70 % and the tensile strength is 60 000
psi?
4T 4 318 300
P 3 637 .71 N
f D d N fs 0.5 200 150 2 a) 4 020 psi b) 4 200 psi
c) 2 400 psi d) 2 040 psi
4 t sl E j
4
63 .5
in 60 000 lb / in 2 0.70
25 .4
p 4 200 psi
D 100 in .
Solution:
sti
pi ro2 ri 2 2 po ro2
2 2 2 inner surface of the cylinder.
ro2 ri2 914.4
2
508
2
a) 90.11 MPa b) 91.10 MPa
mm mm
2 2 c) 911.0 MPa d) 19.10 Mpa
V1 Vo 1000 / 60 0
a 3.33 fps 2 Answer: a) 90.11 MPaa
t 5
Solution:
a 3.33
F WL 1 10 000 1 11 034 .16 lb
g 32 .2 sti = 90.11 Mpa
4T 4 63 000
L 2.1
sto
2 pi ri 2 po ro2 ri 2 Key length based on compression,
s c t D 30 000 1 4
ro2 ri 2
Therefore, use L = 2.1 inches
52. Which of the following are the compositions of stainless steel 302?
e
tan 3.3125 1 0.13 tan 3.3125 100 % 12.53 %
o o
51. What length of a square key is required for a 4-in diameter shaft
0.10 90
transmitting 1000 hp at 1000 rpm? The allowable shear and tan 3.3125 0.10
o
33
1 0.13 tan 3.3125
o
D Solution:
b , for good proportion 1 1
Key width, 4 TPI 5 threads / inch
p 0.2
The number of threads per inch,
10
54. A single square thread power screw is to raise a load of 70 kN. The
screw has a major diameter of 36 mm and a pitch of 6 mm. The Solution:
coefficient of thread friction and collar friction are 0.13 and 0.10
2 ro ri
3 3 125 3 100 3
respectively. If the collar mean diameter is 90 mm and the screw rf 2 112 .96 mm
turns at 60 rpm, find the combined efficiency of the screw and collar. 3 ro2 ri2 3
125 100
2 2
Friction radius,
a) 15.32 % b) 12.53 %
Surface Area of contact,
c) 13.52 % d) 15.97 %
Solution: W normal
Force = 70 N to the surface of contact,
1 1
h p 6 3 mm Fn pA f 70 0.0887 6.209 kN
2
2
For the depth of the thread,
Power Capacity,
For the mean diameter of the screw,
p P
n Tf
n
f Fn rf 870 0.30 6.209 0.11296 19 .2 kW 25 .74 Hp
D m D o h 36 3 33 mm 30 30 30
For the lead angle, 56. Three extension springs are hooked in series that support a single
weight of 100 kg. The first spring is rated at 4 kN/m and the other
L p 6
tan 1 tan 1 tan 1 3.3123 o two springs are rated 6 kN/m each. Determine the equivalent
D m D m 33 stiffness
Di of the three springs.
Dm
a) 1.71 kN/m b) 5 kN/m
tan 1 f tan 100 % Do kN/m
c) 2.71 d) 3.71 kN/m
e
f D
tan f c c 1 f tan Answer: a) 1.71 kN/m
Solving for the Efficiency, Dm
Solution:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 34 7
k e k1 k 2 k 3 4 6 6 4 3 12 12
12
ke 1.71 kN / m
55. Determine the power capacity of a cone clutch under uniform 7
pressure and assuming the following conditions: major diameter =
250 mm; minor diameter = 200 mm; length of conical elements in 57. These springs are made from one or more flat strips of brass, bronze,
steel or other materials loaded as cantilevers or simple beam.
contact = 125 mm; rotational speed = 870 rpm; coefficient of friction
= 0.30; and allowable pressure = 70 kPa. a) Torsion springs b) Leaf springs
c) Garter springs d) Drawbar springs
a) 25.74 Hp b) 24.75 Hp
c) 27.45 Hp d) 24.57 Hp Answer: b) Leaf Springs
Answer: a) 25.74 Hp
11
58. A flat belt is 6 inches wide and 1/3 inch thick and transmits 20 Hp.
The center distance is 8 ft. The driving pulley is 6 inches in diameter
and rotates at 2 000 rpm such that the loose side of the belt is on
top. The driven pulley is 18 inches in diameter. The belt material is
0.035 lb/in3 and the coefficient of friction is 0.30. Determine the belt
net tension.
Answer: a) 2.578
a) 201 lb b) 210 lb
c) 102 lb d) 120 lb 60. This refers to the space between adjacent coils when the spring is
compressed to its operating length.
Answer: b) 210 lb
a) Coil clearance b) Pitch
Solution: c) Lead d) Deflection
2 T 2 63 000 Hp 2 63 000 20
F F1 F2 210 lb Answer: a) Coil clearance
D D n 6 2 000
Other Solution: 61. Select a deep-groove ball bearing to carry a radial load F x = 800 lb
and a thrust load Fz = 700 lb at 1750 rpm. The service is 8 hr/day,
6 but it is not continuous; design for 20 000 hr. The operation is smooth
Vm D n 2 000 3141 .59 fpm with little vibration; the outer ring rotates. Determine the design life
12 in mr with no more than 10 % failure.
AE 2 1.3
0.025 207 000 000 000 52 837.66 N
2
F D E
L L 4 2.5 1000 4
Solution:
a) 2.578 b) 2.857
c) 5.287 d) 5.782
Solution: 62. Determine the Hp lost when a collar is loaded with 2000 lb, rotates at
50 rpm, and has a coefficient of friction of 0.15. The outside diameter
F1
e f e
0.35 155 of the collar is 4 inches and the inside diameter is 2 inches.
180 2.578
F2 a) 0.7314 Hp b) 0.3714 Hp
12
c) 0.4713 Hp d) 0.4371 Hp Answer: a) Clearance
Answer: b) 0.3714 Hp 66. A 50-mm diameter shaft is to transmit 12 kW power at a speed of 500
rpm, determine the mean diameter of the pin, under double shear,
Solution: for a material having a safe unit stress of 40 N/mm2.
2 ro ri 2 2 1 1.56 inches
3 3 3 3 Answer: b) Diameter of the pin = 12.08 mm
rf
3 ro2 ri2
3 3 2 1 2 Solution:
Where,
63. In a lathe machine, it is the diameter of the largest workpiece it can Transmitted Torque,
rotate in a chuck or between centers without hitting the bed.
s bLD
2 s
a) Chuck diameter b) Swing D 112.5
c) Distance between centers d) Spindle diameter Fp
2T
2
ss bL 14 000 28.13 175 10 014.74 lb
Dp Dp
Dp 25.4 25.4 1 200
Answer: b) Swing 30 P 30 12 000
T 229 .183 N m 229 183 N mm
64. What load in N must be applied to a 25 mm round steel bar 2.5 m n 500
long (E = 207 Gpa) to stretch the bar 1.3 mm?
2 T 2 229 183
a) 42 000 N b) 52 840 N Fs 9167 .32 N
c) 53 000 N d) 60 000 N Pin Shearing Force, D 50
The load,
2 Fs 2 9 167 .32
d 12 .08 mm
ss 40
65. This is a general term that refers to the mating of cylindrical parts
such as bolt or a hole; it is used only when the internal member is
smaller that the external member. How do you call this?
a) Clearance b) Interference
c) Allowance d) Tolerance
13
67. This is a lubrication condition where non-conformal surfaces are required diameter of the bolts circle based on an average shearing
completely separated by lubricant film and no asperities are in stress of 27.5 MPa.
contact. How do you call this lubrication condition?
a) 245 mm b) 254 mm
c) 452 mm d) 425 mm
a) Elastohydrodynamic lubrication
b) Boundary lubrication Answer: a) Bolt Circle diameter = 245 mm
c) Hydrodynamic lubrication
d) Hydrostatic lubrication Solution:
8T 8 30 P 8 30 350
Answer: a) Elastohydodynamic lubrication DB 0.245 m 245 mm
2
ssd n B 2 2
d ssn n B 0.018 2 27 500 650 6
2
a) 10 015 lb b) 11 005 lb
c) 11 050 lb d) 10 501 lb 70. How do you call the flattened end of a shank, and intended to fit into
a driving slot in the socket?
AB L D
50 .8
25 .4
38 .1
in .
25 .4
in . 2 3
16
in 2.25 in 2
p
W
500 kg 2.205 lb / kg 490 psi
Bearing pressure,
AB 2.25 in 2
Answer: b) Chrome Vanadium Answer: a) Size 6, 32 threads per inch, coarse thread
73. Determine the minimum whole depth of spur gear of 14.5 o involute Note: 6 stands for the designated size, 32 stands for the
type with diametral pitch of 24 and circular pitch of 0.1309 inch. number of threads per inch, UNC stands for Coarse threads
a) 0.09000 inch b) 0.08900 inch 76. Determine the Poissons ratio of a material whose modulus of
c) 0.0899 inch d) 0.089758 inch elasticity is 200 GPa and whose modulus of rigidity is 80 GPa.
Pc 0.72552
Pa 1.2566 inches / tooth
tan tan 30o
15
78. If the angular deformation of a solid shaft should not to exceed 1 o in a
length of 1.8 m and the allowable shearing stress is 83 MMa, what is
2 ro ri
2 2 1 1.56 inches
3 3 3 3
the diameter of the shaft? Assume that the shaft material has G = 77 rf
x 106 kPa. 3 ro2 ri2 3 3 1
2 2
Where,
a) 222.34 mm b) 234.22 mm
c) 23.42 cm d) 24.22 cm 81. It is a process that produces residual compressive stress on the
machine part, which uses a series of hammer blows on the surface.
Answer: a) Shaft diameter = 222.34 mm
a) Nitriding b) Shot blasting
c) Peening d) Tempering
D3ss
32 L
TL 32T L 16 Answer: c) Peening
2 ss L
JG D 4G D 4G DG
Solution: 82. Two shafts 3.6 m between centers carry pulleys 1.2 m in diameter
and 0.91 m in diameter respectively, connected by a crossed belt. It
is desired to put the belt on as an open belt. How long a piece must
2 ss L 2 83 000 1.8 be cut of it?
D 222.34 mm
G o
1
o
77 x
10 6
a) 303.3 mm b) 330 mm
180 c) 333.0 mm d) 330.3 mm
79. How do you call the process of producing the residual compressive
stress of machine parts, which is performed by directing the a high
D1 D 2 2C D 2 D1 1200 910 2 3600 1200 910 10 520 .22 mm
2 2
velocity stream of hardened balls or pellets at the surface to be Lo
2 4C 2
4 3600
treated.
For the length of belt for crossed belt connection,
a) Nitriding b) Shot blasting
c) Peening d) Tempering
2 40 C p Solution:
Solution: w n w Tg D g cos Dg
Speed Ratio, SR
85. Which of the following gases is typically used in nitriding process of g ng Tw D w sin D w tan
surface hardening?
L p 25
Tan 0.07958 4.55 o
a) Nitrogen gas b) Carbon dioxide D w D w 100
c) Ammonia gas d) Hydrogen gas
17
T Dg
tan 1 w tan 1 2 5 9.46 o
Tg D w 20 3
a) 4.69o b) 9.46o 94. In estimating the actual endurance strength of steel parts, one of the
c) 6.49o d) 6.94o factors to be considered is the material factor, which of the following
is the recommended material factor for cast steel?
Answer: b) Gear helix angle = 9.46o
a) 0.70 b) 0.80
Solution: c) 0.75 d) 1.0
18
Answer: a) Material factor for cast steel = 0.70
95. How do you call the level of stress that the part will be permitted to
see under operating conditions?
98. Two extension coil springs are hooked in series that support a single
a) Yield stress b) Endurance stress weight of 100 kg. The first spring is rated at 4 kN/m and the other
c) Design stress d) Ultimate stress spring is rated at 6 kN/m. Determine the total deflection of the
springs.
19
o Note: All of the above materials are steel with practically equal
modulus of elasticity. The three other materials are alloy steels
that are relatively more expensive.
102. Wood is an ______ material; that is, its mechanical properties are Answer: a) Crankshaft Diameter = 4.77 inches
unique and independent in three mutually perpendicular directions
longitudinal, radial, and tangential. Solution:
B
a) Isotopic b) Anisotropic
c) Orthotropic d) Any of these
A 6
Answer: c) Orthotropic material Crankpin
D = 16 mm d = 12 mm
20
105. The principal raw materials used in steelmaking are iron ore, coal,
and __________. Answer: b) At high cutting speeds
a) Coke b) Limestone
c) Slag d) Flux
Answer: b) Limestone
a) 0.7314 Hp b) 0.3714 Hp Pd Tp Tg
c) 0.4713 Hp d) 0.4371 Hp Pdn
cos D p cos D g cos
Answer: b) 0.3714 Hp
Pitch diameter of the pinion,
Solution:
Tp 19
Dp 2.02 inches
T n f W rf n 0.15 2000 lb 1.56 inches 50 rpm Pdn cos 10 cos 20 o
fHp f 0.3714
63000 63000 63000
Tg
Dg Dp 2.02 57 6.06 inches
2 r r 2 2 1 1.56 inches
3 3 3 3
Tp
rf o2 i2 19
Pitch Diameter of the gear,
3 ro ri
3 3 2 1 2
Where,
Center-to-center distance,
D p Dg 2.02 6.06
108. The primary application of high-speed steels is to tools used for C 4.04 inches
the working of metals __________. 2 2
115. What is the property of matter that causes it to resist any change
Solution: For the linear speed of the screw, in its motion or state of rest?
Vn = n (L) = (60 rpm)(6 mm/rev) = 360 mm/min = 6 mm/s a) Momentum b) Kinetic Energy
c) Inertia d) Section modulus
112. Flywheel arms are usually of elliptical cross-section, the strength Answer: c) Inertia
of the arms should equal _________the strength of the shaft in torsion.
116. This is defined as the cutting time to reach a predetermined
a) Three-fourths b) One-half wear, called the tool wear criterion.
c) Two-thirds d) One-fourth
a) Wear duration b) Cycle time
Answer: a) Three-fourth c) Tool life d) Life cycle
22
Answer: a) G00 a) 18 b) 16
c) 12 d) 10
118. An acronym in CNC machining which means access of the
machine operator to insert machining instructions directly into the NC Answer: d) 10 percent
machine control system via push buttons, pressure pads, knobs, or
other arrangements. 123. What grades of stainless steels are nonmagnetic in the annealed
condition, although some may become slightly magnetic after cold
a) FMS b) FMC working?
c) CIM d) MDI
a) Ferritic grades b) Austenitic grades
Answer: d) MDI c) Martensitic grades d) Any of these
120. Which of the following statements is NOT true? 125. Steel is heated to a temperature above the critical range, after
which it is cooled in still air to produce a generally fine pearlite
a) The terms polishing and buffing are sometimes applied to structure. The purpose is to promote uniformity of structure and
similar classes of work in different plants. properties after a hot-working operation such as forging or extrusion.
b) Polishing is any operation performed with wheels having abrasive What was the heat treatment involved?
glued to the working surfaces
c) Buffing is done with wheels having the abrasive applied loosely a) Annealing b) Normalizing
d) Polishing is not so harsh an operation as buffing, and it is c) Tempering d) Stress relieving
commonly utilized to obtain very fine surfaces having a grainless
finish. Answer: b) Normalizing
Answer: d) 126. At certain speeds called the critical speeds, a rotating shaft will
become dynamically unstable and the resulting vibrations and
Note: Polishing is harsher than buffing. deflections can result in damage not only to the shaft but to the
machine of which it is a part. At what percentage of the critical speed
121. If the steel is strongly deoxidized by the addition of deoxidizing should a shaft be safely operated?
elements, no gas is evolved, and the steel is technically called
_______because it lies quietly in the molds. a) Plus or minus 20% b) Plus or minus 5 %
c) Plus or minus 10 % d) Any of these
a) Quenched b) Annealed
c) Killed d) Tempered Answer: a) Plus or minus 20 %
Answer: c) Killed steel 127. This is the most widely used of all spring materials for small
springs operating at temperatures up to about 250 degrees F. It is
122. Stainless steels generally contain at least __ per cent chromium, tough, has a high tensile strength, and can withstand high stresses
with or without other elements. under repeated loading.
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a) Music wire continuous flow of oil inside the chain loop evenly across the chain
b) Hard drawn spring wire width and directly at the slack strand.
c) Oil tempered spring wire
d) Stainless steel spring wire a) Oil stream lubrication b) Bath lubrication
c) Drip lubrication d) Recirculated lubrication
128. It is an acronym in machining. This process uses an electrode to 133. In manufacturing, this is the operation of cutting out flat area to
remove metal from a workpiece by generating electric sparks some desired shape and is usually the first step in a series of
between conducting surfaces. operation.
Answer: b) Titanium
150. Which of the following steels does not readily respond to heat 155. Rivet holes are made usually ____ inch larger in diameter than the
treatment? nominal diameter of the rivet.
Ans. Low carbon steels (0.3% C and lower) do not readily Ans. b) 1/16
respond to heat treatment.
156. Which of the following equations/formulas does not belong to the
151. What is an element added to steel to improve its machinability? group?
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o Lames equation is an equation for a thick-walled pressure o The true stress-strain curve uses the actual area of the specimen
cylinder. The other 3 are for columns. and is therefore higher than the engineering curve which is based
on a constant (original) area of the specimen.
157. In CNC programming, which of the following G code commands is
for dwell or rest?
161. This is a hardening treatment for steels having low carbon
a) G01 b) G04 content.
c) G03 d) G02
a) Tempering b) Case hardening
Ans. b) G04 c) Normalizing d) Anodizing
o G04 is for dwell or rest; G01 is for linear interpolation; G02 is for Ans. b) Case hardening
circular interpolation CW; G03 is for circular interpolation CCW.
Ans. c) Orthotropy 164. This is a type of fit that requires heating the hub to expand its
inside diameter. What do you call this type of fit?
Ans. Example is wood which shows unique properties in the three
mutually perpendicular planes. a) Expansion fit b) Force fit
c) Shrink fit d) Any of these
160. The true stress-strain curve in a stress-stress diagram appears to
be: Ans. c) Shrink fit
167. Von Mises theory is the other term used for 172. It is a bearing that permits constrained relative motion of rigid
parts; lubricant is generally inserted or supplied between the mating
a) Maximum principal stress theory surfaces to reduce friction and wear, and to carry away the heat
b) Octahedral shear-stress theory generated.
c) Maximum shear-stress theory
d) Energy distortion theory a) Sliding Contact Bearing
b) Rolling Contact Bearing
Ans. b) octahedral shear-stress theory c) Thrust Bearing
d) Journal Bearing
168. A type of key in which width and thickness are equal is called as:
Ans. a) Sliding Contact Bearing
a) Flat key b) Square key
c) Pin key d) Barth key
173. These are surfaces that do not conform to each other very well as
Ans. b) Square key in the rolling-element bearings.
169. In the design of key, the typical hub lengths are in accordance a) Conformal surfaces b) Non-conformal surfaces
with the following relation where D is shaft diameter. c) Sliding surfaces d) Rolling surfaces
Ans. a) 1.25D to 2.4D 174. The study of lubrication, friction, and wear of moving or
stationary parts is known as:
170. A coupling that allows axial flexibility/movement in the operation. a) Lubrication b) Tribology
Made of alternate bolting of steel, leather, fabric and/or plastic c) Hydrodynamics d) Hydrostatics
material into two flanges.
Ans. b) Tribology
a) Flexible disk coupling
b) Flexible toroidal spring coupling
c) Flexible Oldham coupling
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175. A bearing where surfaces are non-conformed and motion is c) Centro is a point in one body about which another body actually
primarily rolling; it composed of rolling elements interposed between turns.
an outer ring and inner ring. d) Centro is a point in one body about which another body tends to
turn.
a) Sliding-element bearing
b) Rolling-element bearing Ans. b) Centro is a point in one body about which another
c) Conformal surfaces bearing body does not rotate.
d) Non-conformal surfaces bearing
Ans. b) Rolling-element bearing 180. This is the most common work holding device of a shaper
machine with the base graduated in degrees that make it possible to
swivel any angle. What is this working device?
176. In a straight bevel gear, how do you call the angle between an
element on the pitch cone and an element on the face cone? a) Shaper vise
b) Parallel bars and hold down bars
a) Face angle b) Pitch angle c) Lathe holder
c) Addendum angle d) Dedendum angle d) Swivel head
Ans. c) Addendum angle Ans. a) Shaper vise
177. It is a Grashof four-bar mechanism in which the shortest link is 181. This is a shaper operation, which is shaping the given stock and
the frame or fixed link and the other two cranks completely rotate
having the excess material remain with a tolerable allowance for
with their axes. How do you call this Grashof four-bar mechanism?
finishing. How do you call this operation?
a) Drag-link mechanism
b) Crank-rocker mechanism a) Roughing b) Finishing
c) Double-rocker mechanism c) Angular cutting d) Contouring
d) Triple-rocker mechanism
182. How do you call a cutting tool that has two or more cutting edges
178. For a planar four-bar linkage, the sum of the shortest and as in drill presses and milling machine cutters?
longest lengths cannot be greater than the sum of the remaining two
link lengths if there is to be a continuous relative rotation between
two members. How do you call the preceding statement? a) Grinder b) Single-point cutting tool
c) Multi-point cutting tool d) Two point cutting tool
a) Grublers Law b) Coriollis Law
c) Grashofs Law d) Freudenteins Law Ans. c) Multi-point cutting tool
Ans. c) Grashofs Law
183. This is the trade name for a patented alloy made up chiefly of
179. Which of the following is not true for an instant center or centro cobalt, chromium, and tungsten in varying proportions. What is this
of planar linkages? trade name?
186. It is defined as synergistic collection of machine elements; 190. What is the ability of the material to absorb energy up to
synergistic because as a design it represents an idea or concept fracture?
greater than the sum of the individual pats. What is this system?
a) Toughness b) Rigidity
a) System of mechanisms c) Resilience d) Stiffness
b) Mechanical system
c) Design system Ans. a) Toughness
d) Expert system
Ans. b) Mechanical system 191. What is the other term for the Maximum-Shear-Stress Theory, as
a failure prediction theory?
187. It may be defined as the displacement per length produced in a a) von Mises criterion b) Tresca yield criterion
solid and as the result of stress. How do you call this? c) Coulomb-Mohr theory d) Modified Mohr theory
a) Miners Rule
b) Paris Power Law 197. This is a machining process for producing internal straight
c) Goodman Rule cylindrical surface or profiles, with process characteristics and tooling
d) Manson-Coffin Relationship similar to those for turning operations. What is this machining
process?
Ans. a) Miners Rule
a) Boring b) Drilling
194. This is a lubrication where the load-carrying surfaces of the c) Reaming d) Milling
bearing are separated by a relatively thick film of lubricant, so as to
prevent metal-to-metal contact; and where the stability of the film Ans. a) Boring
can be explained by the laws of fluid mechanics. How do you call this
type of lubrication? 198. What is a set of specification for parts, materials, or processes
intended to achieve uniformity, efficiency, and a specified quality?
a) Hydrostatic lubrication
b) Hydrodynamic lubrication a) Code b) Standard
c) Elastohydrodynamic lubrication c) Law d) Theorem
d) Boundary lubrication
Ans. b) Standard
Ans. b) Hydrodynamic lubrication 199. This is a set of specifications for the analysis, design,
manufacture, and construction of something; the purpose of which is
to achieve a specified degree of safety, efficiency, and performance
or quality. How do you call this set of specifications?
a) Code b) Standard
c) Law d) Theorem
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Ans. a) Code Ans. c) Deviation
202. What is the difference between the maximum and minimum size
limits of a part?
a) Allowance b) Tolerance
200. How do call the size to which limits or deviations is assigned and c) Deviation d) Basic size
is the same for both members of the fit; it is the exact theoretical
size?
Ans. b) Tolerance
a) Nominal size b) Basic size
c) Maximum size d) Minimum size
203. This is used either for very accurate angular measurements or for
Ans. b) Basic size locating work at a given angle; is used together with precision gage
blocks. What is this?
201. What is the algebraic difference between a size and the
corresponding basic size? a) Protractor b) Compound rest
c) Sine bar d) Micrometer
a) Tolerance b) Allowance
c) Deviation d) Limit Ans. c) Sine bar
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