K. L. E.

Societys
K. L. E. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HUBBALLI
Dept of Electrical and Electronics Engg.

Project Title : Indication of earth resistance by microcontroller

ABSTRACT

EARTHINGThe process of electrically connecting to the earth itself is often

called earthing, particularly in Europe where the term grounding is used to
describe the above ground wiring.

PURPOSE OF EARTHING

Earthling systems are required to manage the transfer of fault energy in such a
manner as to limit the risk to people, equipment and system operation to
acceptable levels. An earthing system is required to perform this function for the
life of the electrical network for which it is installed, for the range of
configurations of the network and nearby infrastructure that are foreseeable. The
earthing system may need to be augmented over time so as to continue to fulfil
this function.

1) Safety for human life, building and equipments.

2) Over voltage protection
3) Voltage stabilization Convention method of earthing plate type,pipe type.
4) Ensure correct system operation

Problems in earthing system

1. Ground Current is Present on the Building Grounding System

This situation typically occurs when a wiring error is present within the electrical panel
or a junction box such as the neutral and ground conductor wires are junction together,
or worse yet, they are connected together on the same bar in the sub-panel.

2. Improper Installation of an Insulated Grounding (IG) System.Optimal operation of

computer systems require that a low-noise environment be present. Noise is present
in all electrical systems and is caused by devices in the facility that can cause spikes in
the voltage or current.

3 .Neutral to Ground Voltage Issues

Another condition that frequently occurs within a networked system is issues with the
neutral to ground voltage. This condition typically happens when long circuit runs
are present within the computer network.

Working
In present scenario grounding system is least concentrated hence major faults do occur in the
power system and in any domestic location. The projects aims at designing and developing a module
which monitors earth resistance and take corrective action in terms of switching on the motor which
feeds water to area and hence maintain earth resistance below reference providing proper safety to the
equipment and also to the personnel operating the equipment. As one of the problem is due to
moisture hence am idea to suggest to improve water content in the soil .this reading is compared with
reference reading of 1ohm,if it is less normal no measure takes place if reading more than reference it
should provide a alarm to operator and their by a signal to operate servo motor then to water tank, The
system comprises of data logger which will continuously monitors earth resistance and stores the
value and displays the same only when the stored value goes the reference. The motor gets switched
on and hence water will be distributed to the area.

REFERENCE
1) Georgla institute of technology. National electric energy testing & research
application centre project 06-209 hill R. & patel s.principal investigators
2008.

2) Carmen W.D. and D.J. Woodhouse performance evaluation of series

impedance insulation used as earthing system safety mitigation measures
IEEE powercon dec.2000 paper 0-78036338-8/00.

Students Name : 1) Sueza .M 2KE11EE037

2) Karthik.H 2KE12EE017

3) Sunil.K 2KE12EE039

4) Ashwini .S.R 2KE13EE003

Guide Name: Prof. Sharath .S

Date : 30-01-2017