ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

Social function/fungsi sosial: To persuade the readers or the listeners that something in the case, to analyze or to
explain/untuk membujuk pembaca atau pendengar bahwa sesuatu bisa menjadi masalah, untuk
menganalisa/menjelaskan sebuah masalah.
Generic Structure/Struktur:
1. Thesis (usually includes a preview argument. It introduces topics and indicates the writers
position.)
2. Arguments (consists of a point and elaboration sequence. The number of points may vary, but
each must be supported by discussion and evidence).
3. Reiteration (restates the position more forcefully in the light of the arguments presented).
Jenis teks ini di awali dengan
THESIS, yaitu pendapat kalian tentang suatu masalah. Biasanya di awali dengan kalimat I personally think, In
my opinion, I believe, etc. Setelah kalian menuliskan thesis atau pendapat,
kalian harus menuliskan ARGUMENTS, yaitu argumen-argumen atau alasan-alasan yang disertai dengan fakta
dan bukti-bukti yang relevan sehingga pendengar atau pembaca terpengaruh dengan argumen yang kalian
kemukakan. Biasanya dimulai dengan Firstly, Nest, Third, The last, etc.
Untuk mengakhiri teks, kalian harus menuliskan REITERATION, yaitu simpulan dari thesis dan arguments
yang telah kalian bicarakan sebelumnya. Kalian bisa mengungkapkannya melalui kalimat In my conclusion, To
conclude, From the facts above, we can conclude that, etc.
Language features:
Emotive words such as : alarmed, worried.
Words that qualify statements such as: usual probably
Words that link arguments such as: firstl y, however, on the other hand, therefore.
Usually present tense
Compound and complex sentences
Example: Text 1.

Before we are going to smoke, it is better to look at the fact. About 50 thousands people die every year in
Britain as direct result of smoking. This is seven times as many as die in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of
smokers die because of diseases caused by smoking.
Ninety percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking. If we smoke five cigarettes a day, we are six times more
likely to die of lung cancer than a non smoker. If we smoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen greater.
Ninety five percent of people who suffer of bronchitis are people who are smoking. Smokers are two and half
times more likely to die of heart disease than non smokers.
Additionally, children of smoker are more likely to develop bronchitis and pneumonia. In one hour in smoky
room, non smoker breathes as much as substance causing cancer as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes.
Smoking is really good for tobacco companies because they do make much money from smoking habit.
Smoking however is not good for every body else.
Make 5 questions!

Thesis: This pre-conclusive paragraph states the writers point of view about the topic discussed. Writer has
show himself in clear position of the discussed topic. Paragraph 1 is the thesis of this analytical exposition text.
It states the fact of the very fatal impact of the smoking habit. Clearly the writer wants to say that smoking is
not a good habit.
Arguments: Presenting arguments in analytical exposition text is as important as giving conflict plot in
narrative text. The series of argument will strengthen the thesis stated before. In this example of analytical
exposition text, paragraph 2 and 3 are the detail arguments presented in a reporting fact to support that smoking
is not good even for smokers themselves. Furthermore, people who do not smoke but they are in smoky area
have the bad effect too from the smoking habit.
Reiteration: This end paragraph actually is restating the thesis. It is something like conclusive paragraph from
the previous arguments. The last paragraph of this example of analytical exposition points again that smoking is
not good for smokers and people around smokers. However smoking is very good for Cigarette Companies
Notes on the generic structure of this example of analytical exposition

As we know that both analytical exposition and hortatory exposition are classified as argumentative essay. Both
present argument to support the thesis state in the orientation. This thesis places the writers position on the
essay. From the generic structure, what make big different is that analytical exposition ends with paragraph to
strengthen the thesis while hortatory makes a recommendation for readers.
Dalam mengungkapkan pendapat, kalian pasti berusaha untuk meyakinkan lawan bicara agar mau mengikuti
apa yang kalian inginkan. Makanya kalian juga akan memberikan argumen-argumen yang kuat untuk
mendukung opini kalian sehingga lawan bicara bisa terpengaruh dan mengiyakan pendapat kalian.
Jadi, untuk membedakan teks Analytical Exposition dengan teks lainnya adalah di lihat dari isi
dan tujuannya. The social function is to persuade by presenting arguments. Tujuannya adalah
untuk membujuk pendengar atau pembaca sehingga mereka mau mengikuti keinginan kalian.
Teks ini berisi tentang argumen atau alasan.
Contoh:
I personally think learning English through music and songs can be very enjoyable. You can mix pleasure with
learning when you listen to a song and exploit the song as a means to your English progress. Some underlying
reason can be drawn to support the idea why we use songs in language learning.
Firstly, the song stuck in my head Phenomenon (the echoing in our minds of the last song we heard after
leaving a restaurant, shopping malls, etc) can be both enjoyable and sometimes unnerving. This phenomenon
also seems to reinforce the idea that songs work on our short-and-long term memory.
Secondly, songs in general also use simple conversational language, with a lot of repetition, which is just what
many learners look for sample text. The fact that they are effective makes them many times more motivating
than other text. Although usually simple, some songs can be quite complex syntactically, lexically and
poetically, and can be analyzed in the same way as any other literary sample.
Furthermore, song can be appropriated by listener for their own purpose. Most pop songs and probably many
other types dont have precise people, place or time reference.
In addition, songs are relaxing. They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within oneself and within
one group. Little wonder they are important tools in sustaining culture, religion, patriotism and yeas, even
revolution.
Last but not least, there are many learning activities we can do with songs such as studying grammar, practicing
selective listening comprehension, translating songs, learning vocabulary, spelling and culture.
From the elaboration above, it can be concluded that learning through music and songs, learning English can be
enjoyable and fun.
Coba perhatikan teks di atas. Kalian pasti sudah tau kan yang mana thesis, argument dan reiteration.
I personally think (thesis)
Firstly, Secondly, Furthermore, In addition, Last but not least (arguments)
From the elaboration above (reiteration)

HORTATORY EXPOSITION
I. Teks ini hampir sama dengan Analytical Exposition, dapat ditemukan pada berbagai macam surat maupun
artikel yang bersifat membujuk, mempengaruhi misalnya surat pembaca, promosi, surat terbuka dan lain-lain.

II. Struktur susunan teks

* Thesis *
Berisi issue atau topic permasalahan yang diangkat sebagai pokok persoalan, serta posisi penulis terhadap
persoalan tersebut.

* Arguments *
Serangkaian alasan yang mendukung ide penulis.

* Recommendation *
Berisi anjuran, nasihat atau apa yang seharusnya atau tidak seharusnya dilakukan menanggapi persoalan yang
diangkat.
The generic structure is as follow:
Thesis; thesis is similar to tentative conclusion which needs to be proven by certain fact and
argument. In the end, it can be true or false
Arguments; this is the phase which try to examine and support that the thesis stated above is
true.
Recommendation; this is what should or should not be done in the hortatory text. This
recommendation is differentiating from analytical exposition.

III. Language features / ciri-ciri kebahasaan

* Generic participant. Obyek, pokok persoalan bersifat umum.

* Terdapat action verb, kata kerja tindakan

* Menggunakan mental process, missal : think, feel, understand dsb.

* Simple present tense

IV.Tujuan Komunikatif
Membujuk, mempengaruhi dan menganjurkan kepada pembaca, pendengar bahwa sesuatu
seharusnya atau tidak seharusnya menjadi permasalahan.

To persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case.

Hortatory is similar to analytical exposition but if we have to differentiate both from one to each other, we
have one useful tool by making analysis on the generic structure. What makes hortatory different from
analytical exposition is the last finalizing step which analytical exposition is ended by a reiteration while
hortatory is finalized by certain a recommendation.

V. CONTOH TEKS.
 Higher Education for Woman
In this modern era, there are still some parents who are reluctant about sending their daughter to college.
Such narrow attitude shown to woman higher education is largely due to the traditional role of woman in
society. A woman is expected just to be a wife and a mother most parents believe that if their daughter gets
married and chooses to be a housewife, then the higher education will be a waste. However an educated woman
does not only make a better wife abut also contributer better thing to the large society.
Nowadays more women are successfully combining their career and marriage. Educated women are
richer both emotionally and financially. They are able to find an outlet for monotonous drudgery of their
housekeeping. They bring more satisfaction and contentment to their lives.
Depriving girl of higher education is crash discrimination. Time has changed. Modern society need the
talents of its people regardless of gender. Today women work alongside men. In fact, in the last few decades
women have made outstanding contributions to society.
Woman should be given the freedom to be educated whether they get married or go to work after
finishing their education because it is only through education that a woman will find herself useful and discover
what she wants in life. A woman who work is not an insult to her husband. Conversely, her husband should feel
proud of her achievement since marriage is actually an equal partnership. Therefore, parents should not think
that girls should receive less education just because they will get marriage one day.
Make 5 questions!