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Review on Application of Thermoelectric Peltier Module in cooling and power generating Technology
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International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)
ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-3, Issue-1, January 2015
decade included industrial instruments, military, medical Unfortunately, modules tend to be expensive, limiting their
an aerospace and applications for portable or remote power use in applications that call for more than 1 kW/h of cooling
generation. power. Owing to their small size, if nothing else, there are also
limits to the maximum temperature differential that can be
B. Solar thermoelectric generation
achieved between one side of a thermoelectric module and the
The growing demand for energy throughout the world has other. However, in applications requiring a higher T,
caused great importance to be attached to the exploration of modules can be cascaded by stacking one module on top of
new sources of energy. Among the unconventional sources, another. When one module's cold side is anothers hot side,
solar energy is one of the most promising energy resources on some unusually cold temperatures can be achieved [1].
earth and in space, because it is clean and inexhaustible.
Applications of solar thermoelectric generator are attractive. D. Solar Water Condensation Using Thermoelectric
The use of the sola thermoelectric generator usually combines Coolers-
a solar thermal collector with a thermoelectric generator, A solar water condensation system is built using a TE
which delivers the electric energy. cooler, solar panels, heat exchange unit and an electronic
Thermoelectric power generation is based on a control unit. The system is self powered and can be used in
phenomenon called Seebeck effect discovered by Thomas isolated and desert areas to condensate water from the
Seebeck in 1821. When a temperature difference is surrounding humid air. Applying the system in high humidity
established between the hot and cold junctions of two see area produced 1L of water per hour which can be used
dissimilar materials (metals or semiconductors) a voltage is mainly for irrigation. The economical advantage of this kind
generated, i.e., Seebeck voltage. A schematic diagram of a of system is still obscure due to the relatively high installation
simple thermoelectric power generator operating based on cost. This system would be a long-term cost saving system
Seebeck effect is shown in Fig. (6). As shown in Fig. (6), heat since the energy source is free and the solar sub-system
is transferred at a rate of QH from a high-temperature heat generally requires little maintenance. The development and
source maintained at TH to the hot junction, and it is ejected at production of such equipment is a future business possibility.
a rate of QL to a low-temperature sink maintained at TL from
the cold junction. Based on Seebeck effect, the heat supplied
at the hot junction causes an electric current to flow in the
circuit and electrical power is produced. Using the first-law of
thermodynamics (energy conservation principle) the
difference between QH and QL is the electrical power output
W e . It should be noted that this power cycle intimately
resembles the power cycle of a heat engine (Carnot engine),
thus in this respect a thermoelectric power generator can be
considered as a unique heat engine.
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Review on Application of Thermoelectric Peltier Module in cooling and power generating Technology
VI. CONCLUSIONS
This paper describes use of Thermoelectric technology in
different sector, which are as follows.
1. Thermoelectric technology has been used practically in
wide areas recently. The thermoelectric devices can act as
coolers, power generators, or thermal energy sensors and are Pratik kale ,B.E (Final mech).J.D.I.E.T, , Amravati
University City -Yavatmal, Country -India, Mobile No:8055850382.
used in almost all the fields such as military, aerospace,
instrument, biology, medicine and industrial or commercial
products.
2. Still thermoelectricity not used more widely because the
coupling between the electrical and heat currents is weak in
most materials, and the overall energy conversion efficiency
is therefore very low. Therefore, researchers are working hard
to discover new p- and n-type semiconductors, which can do
this more efficiently. Chandrakant Gandhile, B.E (Final mech).J.D.I.E.T, ,
Amravati University City -Yavatmal, Country -India, Mobile No:
8390560581.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors thank Prof. P. S. Ghawade for their stimulating
discussion.
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