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THICK CYLINDER
The difference between a thin cylinder and thick cylinder is that cylinder has a stress in the
radial direction as well as a circumferential stress and longitudinal stress. A rule of thumb is
that radial stress become important when the wall thickness exceeds 1/20th of the diameter.
Lames theory:
Assumptions :-
L = Length of cylinder
t = thickness of cylinder
r = Radial stress
l = Longitudinal stress
= Circumferential stress
we have 3 stress in mutually perpendicular directions, the corresponding strain are :
= { ( + )}
= { ( + )}
= { ( + )}
Under equilibrium = (. , )
Consider the elemental section of unit length (length of the section is 1)
Width of the section is radius x angle
Area of the top curved surface is (r + r) x 1 = (r + r)
( )+( )
( + )( + ) =( )+( )
+ + + = +
Neglecting higher order of small quantity
+ =
+ =
+ =
= ------------------------------------------------------(1)
Assuming now that the plane section remain plane ; i.e. the longitudinal strain l is
constant across the wall of the cylinder,
Then = { ( + )}= constant
It is also assumed that the longitudinal stress is constant across the wall
( + )= = ---------------------------------------------------------(2)
+ =
( )=
= -----------------------------------------------(3)
= + ------------------------------------------------(4)
/ " "
= +
" "
= + +
When the one end or both ends of the cylinder is closed the longitudinal stress is developed.
Where =
" "
+ ( )
Longitudinal strain l
" "= [ ( + )]
" "= [ + ( )]
" "=
Where = & =
" "= = [ + ( )]
Circumferential strain
" "= [ ( + )]
" "= [ + ( )]
" "=
Where = & =
" "= = [ + ( )]
Volumetric strain v
" "= = + ( )
Where V = change in volume at inner radius &V= initial internal volume of the cylinder.
+
=