Doctrine of Affections in Bachs Sonatas and Partitas for Solo Violin.

The topic of this research is Doctrine of Affections in Bachs Sonatas and

Partitas for Solo Violin. The intention is to describe which affects may Bach

wanted to express in these works, by its rhetoric analysis and applying concepts

from the main treatises of the Baroque period. In other words, I will extract the

rhetoric figures from each movement of Bachs Sonatas and Partitas and I will

relate them with specific passions according to what was mentioned in treatises by

Werckmeister, Printz, Mattheson, Marpurg, Scheibe, and Quantz.

After the compositional and rhetorical analysis and once I established its links

with the Doctrine of Affections, I will spend part of the research in Bachs thoughts,

believes and emotions according to his historical context and biographical

background. This will serve to understand the reasons why he may wanted to show

certain (particular) emotions in his Sonatas and Partitas.

Finally, I will apply all this knowledge to compare and critique different

recordings of Bachs Violin Sonatas and Partitas. My aim will be to probe that the

musical and artistic appreciation could be more profound if we have a good

background of the works we are listening.

This research could be an excellent way to understand more deeply Bachs

Violin Sonatas and Partitas. It could help violin players and string players to reach

an accurately performance of Bachs works. Also, this paper will provide a

different approach in order to perform Bach showing his emotions and

transcendent aims.
 Bibliography

Albrecht, Timothy Edward. Musical Rhetoric in Selected Organ Works of

Johann Sebastian Bach. D.M.A. Thesis, University of Rochester, Eastman School
of Music, 1978.

Andres, Ramon. Johann Sebastian Bach: los Dias, las Ideas y los Libros.
Barcelona: Acantilado, 2005.

This source explains Johan Sebastian Bachs personality and his

ideas based on the lectures and books he read, and the persons, friends
and musicians closed to him.

Bach, Johann Sebastian. Sonates et Partitas per Violin Seul BWV 1001-1006,
Sigiswald Kuijken, Deutsche Harmonia Mundi DHL 20401/2/3. CD. 1990.

Listening to this historical recording will be useful to identify Bachs

rhetorical figures and passions according to Kuijken knowledge and
experience as early music performer.

Bach, Johann Sebastian. Complete Sonatas & Partitas for Violin Solo ,
Rachel Podger, Channel Cassics CCS SEL 2498. CD. 2002.

Bach, Johann Sebastian. Drei Sonaten und drei Partiten, fur Violino solo
(BWV 1001-1006). Basel: Barenreiter Kassel, 1966.

An Urtext edition of Bachs Violin Sonatas and Partitas to observe,

analyze and extract his rhetorical figures and compositional elements
that may be related with specific passions.
 Bartel, Dietrich, and Dietrich Bartel. Musica Poetica: Musical-Rhetorical
Figures in German Baroque Music. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997.

This source could help me to identify these Musical-Rhetorical

figures in Bachs Sonatas and Partitas for Solo Violin.

Bayley, Lynn Rene, Jerry Dubins, and Maria Nockin. "Solo Violin Sonatas and
Partitas." Fanfare: The Magazine For Serious Record Collectors 36, no. 4: 270-
274. Accessed November 30, 2013. Music Index.

Benitez, Vincent Perez. Musical-Rhetorical Figures in the Orgelbuchlein of

J.S. Bach. D.M.A. Thesis, Arizona State University, 1985.

Helpful to see the analysis methods he used and apply similar ones
into my research. Also to identify similar Musical-Rhetoric Figures in the
Sonatas and Partitas for Solo Violin.

Bettman, Otto L. "Bach the Rhetorician." American Scholar 55, no. 1 (1985):
113. Accessed November 30, 2013. Music Index.

Blake Wilson, et al. "Rhetoric and Music." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music
Online. Oxford University Press. Accessed December 15, 2013.
http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/43166.

BUELOW, G, J. Music, Rhetoric, and the Concept of the Affections.

THOMPSON, S., MU2006, n.d.

This source shows the relation between Rhetoric and Affections wich
is one my research points.

Brister, Jeffrey Troy David. Affect and Rhetoric in Baroque Music: A Study of
Representative Works of Lassus, Schtz, Buxtehude, and Bach . M.M. thesis, Sam
Houston State University, 1992.

This thesis will give me more elements to explain the links between
Affects and Rhetoric in Bachs Violin Sonatas and Partitas.
 Burmeister, Joachim, and Benito V. Rivera. Musical Poetics. New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1993.

Chafe, Eric Thomas. Tonal Allegory in the Vocal Music of J. S. Bach.

Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.

This book discusses the extra-musical (rhetorical elements) in Bach

s Vocal Music. I can transpose this analysis to his Sonatas and Partitas
for Solo Violin.

Christoph Wolff, et al. "Bach." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music

Online. Oxford University Press, accessed December 15, 2013.
http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/40023.

Covell, Roger David. 2010. Six Sonatas and Partitas BWV 10011006
(review of). Musicology Australia 32, no. 1: 131-135. Accessed December 15,
2013. http://search.proquest.com/docview/908264457?accountid=13158.

Davis, Stacey. "Implied Polyphony in the Solo String Works of J.S. Bach: A
Case for the Perceptual Relevance of Structural Expression." Music Perception: An
Interdisciplinary Journal 23, no. 5 (2006): 423-46. University California Press
Accesed November 30, 2013.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/mp.2006.23.5.423

The hypothesis is that Bach used implied polyphony to create

structural expression, enhancing the melodys appeal without the aid of
performer expressivity. I can transfer this concept to analyze polyphony
in his sonatas and partitas for solo violin.

Dressler, Gallus, and Robert Forgacs. Prcepta Music Poetic = The

Precepts of Poetic Music. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2007.

Dreyfus, Laurence. Bach and the Patterns of Invention. Cambridge, Mass:

Harvard University Press, 1996.
 How Bach's approach to musical invention and his aesthetics ideas
can help me to understand the compositional elements of the pieces I
will be working on.

Elferen, Isabella van. Mystical Love in the German Baroque: Theology,

Poetry, Music. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press, 2009.

This broader approach to Baroque aesthetic might be useful to

understand Bachs times.

Geminiani, Francesco. A Treatise of Good Taste in the Art of Musick. Wyton,

Huntingdon, England: King's Music, 1998.

One of the main treatises in wich the Doctrine of Affections is

mentioned. This is a primary source to understand ideas of Baroque
period.

Geminiani, Francesco, and David D. Boyden. The Art of Playing on the Violin:
1751. London: Oxford University Press, 1951.

Another main treatise where Doctrine of Affections is mentioned.

Geiringer, Karl. Symbolism in the Music of Bach: A Lecture Delivered in the

Whittall Pavilion of the Library of Congress, May 23, 1955. 1956.

Knowing Bachs ideas and how he expressed them in his

compositions may be useful to apply this knowledge into my research.

George J. Buelow. "Affects, Theory of the." Grove Music Online. Oxford

Music Online. Oxford University Press, accessed December 15, 2013,
http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/00253.

George J. Buelow. "Figures, Theory of Musical." Grove Music Online. Oxford

Music Online. Oxford University Press, accessed December 15, 2013,
http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/09625.
 Golomb, Uri. Intensity, Complexity and Musical Rhetoric in Performances of
the B-Minor Mass. The Journal of Music and Meaning 3 (2004). Accessed
December 1, 2013. http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/showArticle.php?
artID=3.4

Hefling, Stephen E. Historical Approaches to the Performance of J.S. Bach's

Sonatas and Partitas for Unaccompanied Violin. Honors thesis. Harvard, 1973.

The historical performances of Bachs Sonatas and Partitas are the

best places to find the Affections Bach may wanted to express according
to the performers ideas and knowledge.

Hill, John Walter. Baroque Music: Music in Western Europe, 1580-1750. New
York: W.W. Norton, 2005.

Historical context will serve as theoretical framework for my

research topic.

Huener, Thomas Joel. Wolfgang Caspar Printz' Phrynis Mitilenus: A

Narrative Synopsis of Musica Poetica. Ph. D. Thesis. University of Iowa, 1989.

Jones, Nancy Lynne Harris. An Overview of the Evolution of Affect in the

Music of Western Civilization from the Ancient Greek Period Through the Baroque.
M.A. thesis. University of Oregon, 1998.

This thesis will provide me a deeper understanding of the Doctrine

of Affections and its historical evolution.

Katz, Ruth, and Carl Dahlhaus. Contemplating Music: Source Readings in the
Aesthetics of Music. Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press, 1987.

Useful to have a deeper background in the concept of Musics

aesthetic.
 Kircher, Athanasius, and Frederick Baron Crane. Athanasius Kircher,
Musurgia Universalis (Rome 1650) The Section on Musical Instruments. A.M.
Thesis, State University of Iowa, 1958.

Ledbetter, David. Unaccompanied Bach: Performing the Solo Works. New

Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.

Lester, Joel. Bach's Works for Solo Violin: Style, Structure, Performance. New
York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

This source will give me more tools for a deeper understanding and
analysis of Bachs Violin Sonatas and Partitas.

Lippius, Johann. Synopsis of New Music = Synopsis Musicae Novae.

Colorado Springs: Colorado College Music Press, 1977.

Marpurg, Friedrich Wilhelm. Des Critischen Musicus an Der Spree Erster

Band. 1749.

Another important treatise to understand some Baroque musical

thoughts, viewpoints and the Doctrine of Affections.

Mattheson, Johann, and Ernest Charles Harriss. Johann Mattheson's Der

Vollkommene Capellmeister: A Revised Translation with Critical Commentary. Ann
Arbor, Mich: UMI Research Press, 1981.

Rivera, Benito V. Johannes Lippius and His Musical Treatises A Study of

German Musical Thought in the Early Seventeenth Century. S.l: s.n.], 1900.

This can expand my knowledge about the German thought of

Baroque period and so, Bachs toughts as well.

Shaw, Bernard. Sebastian Bach Could Express in Fugue or Canon All the
Emotions. Toronto: Printed ... by W. Rueter at the Aliquando Press, 1985.

I will apply this research to discover Bachs emotions expressed in

the fugues and canons of his Violin Sonatas and Partitas.
 Son, Se Ra. Figures of Musica Poetica in the Passacaglias of Dieterich
Buxtehude and J.S Bach. Cincinnati, Ohio: University of Cincinnati, 2012.

Werckmeister, Andreas, Casey Mongoven, Andreas Werckmeister, and

Andreas Werckmeister. Andreas Werckmeister's Cribrum Musicum (1700) and
Harmonologia Musica (1702): The Original German Treatises with Parallel,
Annotated English Translations. 2013.

Windh, John Ernfrid, Christoph Bernhard, Christoph Bernhard, and Christoph

Bernhard. A Translation and Study of Three Treatises by Christoph Bernhard
(1627-1692). A.M thesis, Cornell University, 1962.

Wolff, Christoph. Johann Sebastian Bach: The Learned Musician. New York:
W.W. Norton, 2000.

This biography of J. S. Bach will help to understand his life, ideas,

relationships and so, how he felt music and what emotions he may
wanted to express throughout it.

Sanna, Alberto. "Bachs Solo Violin Works: A performers Guide (Review of)."
Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies 33, no. 1 (2010): 118-9, accessed on
December 15, 2013. http://search.proquest.com/docview/908248122?
accountid=13158.

I can get some elements from this book to infer in what manner
violin players can perform Bachs Sonatas and Partitas regarding
Affections.

Schroeder, Jaap. "Jaap Schroeder Discusses Bach's Works for

Unaccompanied Violin." Journal of the Violin Society of America 3, no. 3 (1977): 7-
32, accessed on December 15, 2013.
http://search.proquest.com/docview/907315694?accountid=13158.

It will provide me a deeper understanding of this works and more

elements to analyze them.
 Schroder, Jaap. Bach's Solo Violin Works: A Performer's Guide. New Haven:
Yale University Press, 2007.

Varwig, Bettina Gisela. "One More Time: J. S. Bach and Seventeenth-Century

Traditions of Rhetoric." Eighteenth Century Music 5, no. 2. (September 2008): 179-
208. Accessed November 30, 2013. Music Index.

Walker, Paul. "Fugue in the Music-Rhetorical Analogy and Rhetoric in the

Development of Fugue." Bach Perspectives 4, University Of Nebraska Press,
(January 1999): 159. Accessed November 30, 2013. Music Index.

Wallfisch, Elizabeth. Bachs Solo Violin Sonata in G Minor. Strad 118, no.
1407 (July 2007): 64-67. Accessed November 30, 2013. Music Index.