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Hydroalcoholic Gel
Pnotporn Jantarakolica (5861115)
Ms.Patraphorn Sanguansat
Carbopal 940
Carbomers are large molecules formed by small
compounds called monomers. It is a series of polymers
made from acrylic acid. They have the ability to absorb
and retain water. Carbopol 940 is a product that is
made from carbomers mainly used as a gelling agent
in various labs to conduct viscoelastic property of
piroxicam gels, meaning that it has short flow and non-
drip properties (What is a Carbomer and Why is it
used?, n.d). It is found in a form of white powder and is
a crosslinked polyacrylic acid polymer (Carbopol 940
polymer, n.d).
Introduction
Propylene Glycol
Propylene glycol is a synthetic, clear, colorless,
syrupy liquid at room temperature. It is commonly used
as an antifreeze and solvent for food coloring and
flavoring, as well as the solvent for plastics and paints.
Also, it was used to produce artificial smoke in
theatrical production and fire-fighting training.
Propylene glycol could be made into vapor if heated or
briskly shaken. It is practically odorless and colorless
(Propylene Glycol, n.d).
Triethanolamine
Triethanolamine is a kind of alkylamine with the
molecular formula C6H15NO3. It is an oily, colorless
liquid with a slight ammoniacal odor and is
denser than water. It is commonly used as a
food additive. (Triethanolamine, 2017)
Introduction
Ethyl alcohol (Ethanol)
Ethyl alcohol or ethanol (CH3CH2OH or C2H6O) is a
clear, colorless, and volatile liquid that could be prepared
by the process of fermentation of carbohydrates such
as glucose and the process of hydration of ethylene
(Ethanol, 2017). Pure ethyl alcohol toxic and is highly
flammable (Ethyl alcohol, n.d). It contains the
functional group alcohol meaning that it has a hydroxy
group attached to a carbon chain. Moreover, due to the
name Ethyl, the carbon chain of the alcohol is formed
from two carbons. Ethanol has several uses in the
cosmetics field. It could be used as an astringent in
cleaners, preservatives, and agent that were used in
order to prevent separation of ingredients in lotion, and
as an adhesive in hairsprays. Other than that, ethanol
could be used as solvents. Moreover, it is used as an
antiseptic and is commonly used in hand sanitizers due
to its ability to kill microorganisms
(Ethanol, n.d).
Introduction
Aroma Essential Oil
Aroma essential oil contain esters and usually
contain parent alcohols without parent acids. Esters are
known for mild and pleasant properties are highly used
to produce perfume due to its fragrance (Steward,
2005). Despite the fact that it is called an oil, aroma
essential oil is not greasy and is volatile, meaning that
it evaporates easily. It is also lipophilic, meaning that it
likes fats. Other than esters, aroma essential oils could
also contains other functional groups such as
Aldehydes, Ethers, Phenols, and Monoterpene Alcohols
(Essential Oil Chemistry - Why Aroma Matters, n.d).
Materials
Weighing paper
Procedures
1) Dissolve 1.5 2) Heat at 100
grams of celsius, Stirring
Carbopol 940 for 5-10 minutes
with 128 ml of by using
distilled water magnetic bar
3) Then, add
4)Gently drop
370 ml of ethyl
1.5 grams of
alcohol and 5 ml of
triethanolamine
propylene glycol,
until it mix
further blend for 5
well
minutes
5) Leave at room
temperature at 6) At last step,
least 15 minutes, adjust color and
gel should form essential oil
during this time.