TPlastics, Inc.

Bote, Jairus
Lemuel

Magsombol, Frances Anne

Poncejan,
Caredel Mae

EXERCISE NO. 2

Treatment and Management Control

on Solid Wastes and Hazardous Wastes

Sludge generated from desalter

Control:
Use higher quality crude oil, because sludge generated in desalter
depends on the solid content of the crude and the separation
efficiency.

Treatment:
Thickening - the first step in a sludge treatment process. Thickeners
often resemble a clarifier with the addition of a stirring mechanism.
Dewatering - water content of sludge may be reduced by
centrifugation, filtration, and/or evaporation to reduce transportation
costs of disposal, or to improve suitability for composting.
Centrifugation may be a preliminary step to reduce sludge volume for
subsequent filtration or evaporation.
Drying beds - used to dry the sludge before disposing, they are a
cheap and simple method to dry sewage sludge. Drainage water must
be captured; drying beds are sometimes covered but usually left
uncovered.

Spent Catalyst from Ethylene Glycol Reactor

Control:
The catalyst is sent to reclaimers for recovery of the metallic silver
content.

Treatment:
Hydrogenation - supplying high amount of hydrogen to react with
sulfur which is the major catalyst deactivator in petroleum processes.
The inert, inorganic support for the catalyst requires land filling once
the silver has been recovered.
 TPlastics, Inc.

Clay from p-xylene production

Control:
Clay is typically processed via landfill or incineration for disposal.

Treatment:

Clay Stabilization. - It uses chemical and/or physical processes to treat

radioactive, hazardous, and mixed wastes. It encapsulate the waste to
form a solid material and also reduce the hazard potential of a waste
by converting the contaminants into less soluble, mobile, or toxic form
In Situ Vitrification - It is a thermal treatment process that converts
contaminated soil to stable glass and crystalline solids. The stable
glass that is formed by vitrification will immobilize any nonvolatile
contaminants that are present, including metals and radioactive
materials.
Electrokinetic Separation- It is an emerging technology that relies on
the application of a low-intensity, direct current through the soil to
separate and extract heavy metals, radionuclides, and organic
contaminants from unsaturated soil, sludge, and sediment.

Rules and Regulations on Solid Wastes and Hazardous

Wastes

Republic Act 9003: Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

An act providing for an ecological solid waste management program, creating the
necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and
providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes
This act provides an ecological solid waste management program and ensures the protection of
the public health as well as the environment. This includes declaring guidelines for solid wastes
avoidance and waste minimization measures through recycling, recovery, reuse and other
methods.
TPlastics, Inc. Bote, Jairus
Lemuel

Magsombol, Frances Anne

Poncejan,
Caredel Mae
Republic Act 6969: "Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act
of 1990"
An act to control toxic substances and hazardous and nuclear wastes, providing
penalties for violations thereof, and for other purposes
This act aims to control toxic substances and hazardous and nuclear wastes, and to provide
penalties for violations and even other purposes. This includes prevention of processing,
manufacturing, distributing or disposing chemical substances and mixtures that present
unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the environment.