GROUP MEMBERS

MAJID QAYYUM BTE-FA08-026

MUBEEN CHUGHTAI BTE-FA08-085
QASIM SHAFIQ BTE-FA08-053
TAHIR QAYYUM BTE-FA08-067
USMAN AFZAL BTE-FA08-071

SUBMITTED TO: SIR SAMIULLAH

SUBJECT: ENTREPRENEURSHIP
 Questionnaire

1) Are you a

a) Vegetarian b) Non-vegetarian c) Both

2) Which animals meat do you eat the most?

a) Chicken b) Goat c)Cow d)Camel

3) Have you ever eaten ostrichs meat?

a) Yes b) No

4) If yes, then how was your eating experience, rate between 1 to 5?

______

5) If you havent ate ostrcihs meat ever, would you like to taste it

a) Yes b) No

6) Would you prefer ostrichs meat over meat of other animals?

a) Yes b) No c) Dont Know

7) Did you know that the ostrichs oil can be used for production of many products?

a) Yes b) No

8) Would the price element matter your choice of eating meat?

a) Yes b) No

9) Would you like to be a small investor if there is a sufficient growth in the ostrich farming business?

a) Yes b) No

The questionnaire was surveyed on 20 people, and the survey was successful, it gave us 80 percent
positive replies.
Introduction to Ostrich Livestock Farming

Ostrich farming is an opportunity in Pakistan. At present the ostrich meat ranks highest among
health foods in Europe. Ostrich is a large flightless hardy bird of African origin can survive in
temperatures ranging from two degrees to fifty degrees Celsius. It can be reared on barren land
and mainly consumes Alfa-alfa, Lucerne and water.

Male ostriches are black, with white wings and tail. The white feathers of the male, which are
large and soft, are the ostrich plumes of commercial value. The female is dull greyish brown.
The males are polygamous, and move with three or four females or in groups of four or five
males accompanied by mates and young ones. The females lay their yellowish white eggs
together in a single large depression in the sand. The eggs weigh about 1.48 kg. each and have a
volume of about 1.4 liters. The male sits on them at night and the female incubates them by
day. The life expectancy is about 60-70 years.

Our Goals

The primary goal of Ostriches On Line is to put Ostrich meat onto all the food tables of the
world. This goal will be further enhanced and supported by making available to a worldwide
clientele a vast array of products from one of the most remarkable and resourceful animals in
the world.
Our goals will be achieved by educating the world to the phenomenal benefits of farming
Ostriches to produce Ostrich meat and the unequalled by-products of this unique animal.

Advantages of Ostrich farming

i. The bird can be reared in paddock along with sheep,

goat and cattle.

ii. The birds need no dipping, drenching, milking and

shearing.

iii. The adaptability of the bird is equally high on

annual and perennial pastures or scrub.

iv. The bird can be reared both in hot and freezing temperatures.

v. The bird has shown high sustainability in irrigated as well as rain fed farming environments.

vi. There are virtually no waste products in the bird.

vii. The size of the farm is not a limiting factor.

viii. The added value segments all along the products is very high.

The limiting factors that can be prudently managed are:

i. High capital investments for setting up of the farms.

ii. The markets for meat and its byproducts are not easily accessible.

iii. The high penalties for slaughtering older birds (20 months and above) in the European
countries.

iv. The birds are potential and vulnerable for avian disorders particularly for Newcastle disease.

Breeding specifications

Social Life ------------- 1 male for 2 females

Duration of life ------------- 70 years

Breeding years ------------- 30 years

Laying -------------- 60 eggs average per breeding

Fattening birds --------------30 (12 months)

Egg weight --------------- 1.6 kg (24 hen eggs

weight)

Mortality ------------------ Nil (up to 3 months age)

Particular nature ------------ growth of 1 cm/day

during the 1st 6 months

Slaughtering age ------------------ 12 months

Meat Output ---------------------- 30-35 kg fillet and steak

Skin output ---------------------- 1.40 m2
PRODUCTION SYSTEM:

i) Is based on the symbiosis of 2 different rearing technics : poultry and cow farming.

ii) Production is a semi-intensive farming : indoors and outdoors (building and free space)

Age Indoor Outdoor

1-21 days
22-90 days
90 days - 300 days
12 months and older*
* Breeders/Selection
building 0.5 sq.m./bird
building 1.00 sq.m/bird
open shelter
open shelter
according to climate (3-5
sq.m/bird)
About 10sq.m./bird
minimum 50 sq.m
500-800 sq.m./bird

Feeding

The natural habitats of Ostriches are dry savannahs and

semi-arid plains, where ostriches live on poor grazing.
They are able to survive where cattle and sheep cannot.
Ostriches eat grass, leaves of dicotyledons (e.g. lucerne),
seeds, berries, but also insects and small rodents.
Ostriches can digest crude fibers much better than other
poultry.
Fully grown Ostriches can digest fiber (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin) for more than
60% of their diet.

Food consumption & food conversion rate

It is said that Ostriches eat until their energy demands are

met. Therefore if the food is richer in energy they will eat
less of it. This may be true for chicks, but adults usually
eat until their stomach is full, up to 5kg per day. Ostriches
have very few taste buds and select their food mainly for
its colour, texture and general appearance.
Daily consumption table of concentrated food

age (months) live weight (kg) avg. daily intake (kg)

0-1 (Chicks) 0.75-3 0.120
1 2.5 3 15 0.360
2.5 6 (Grower) 15 60 1.5
6 11 60 80 2.5
11 14 80 100 2.2
> 14 (Adult) 100 120 2.3
> 30 (Adult breed.) 110 - 120 2.5

Ostrich products

MEAT

Ostrich meat is 100% red meat. It is extraordinarily

delicious and is served as a main menu item in some of the
finest restaurants in the world.
The meat is so similar to prime beef in color, texture and
taste but is lower in fat content than the leanest cuts of
chicken or turkey.
Add to that, its also lower in calories and cholesterol.
LEATHER

Perhaps the finest in the world and the strongest

commercially available.
Boot owners take special pride in their favorite
pairs, and they pay high prices for those special
boots that provide the comfort, fit and durability.
Ostrich leather yields and stretches to provide a
very comfortable fit, but somehow it simply does
not wear out.
In the past, the superior qualities of Ostrich leather could only be enjoyed by people who
could afford the very best. But in the future, this highly prized natural material will be
appearing in more and more products, from hand-bags to car-seats, supplanting inferior
leathers as it becomes more widely available.

BY-PRODUCTS: feathers
Ostriches have long been known for their fine feathers.
They have been used as adornments for centuries, and are
still unsurpassed by anything, natural or man-made.
They are used in costumes worn by show girls, for Ostrich
feather dusters and for final paint surface-preparations.
They are naturally oil-free, and anti-static.

BY-PRODUCTS: Oils
Ostrich Oil is now being used extensively around the world in Skin Care Cosmetics.
Long recognized as having tremendous therapeutic values, Ostrich Oil is more and
more being used as a natural Cosmetic alternative.

Empty Egg shells for Decoration

When nature takes its course and the Ostrich egg is infertile, a
small hole is drilled into the base - the inside and outside is then
cleaned. When this empty egg shell is put into the hands of a
skilled "egger" the results can be astounding.
FINANCIAL:

Ostrich livestock farming can be termed as the future of Pakistan in livestock farming. A third
world country where agriculture is the backbone of the economy, where there is too much
poverty this can serve as a vital role in providing job and business opportunities. The poor can
be encouraged to participate in livestock farming.

In the current Economic crisis, where the commodities/raw materials of the industry are subject
to inflation. This innovative idea provides an ideal opportunity for investors and entrepreneurs.
The decline in foreign investment due to the current situation of the Pakistan is hampering the
countrys economy. This will boost the confidence level of the investors towards Pakistan.

Capital Requirements:

A virgin market in Pakistan.

Pakistans Government provides land for Ostrich farming on leasing, which is a great
support to this business.
The Government provides duty free import that is a Plus point towards the capital
requirements the business.
A veterinary staff to deal with the diagnosis of diseases and also there injuries.
Managerial staff at the farm to oversee the breeding process.
Feeding expenses.
Fencing.

Cost Of one trio chick (4 weeks) Rs.36,000

Cost Of one trio chick (6-8 weeks) Rs.45,000
Feed Cost one year for three chicks(Rural areas) Rs.10,000
Feed Cost First Year for three chicks(Urban Rs.15,000
areas)
2nd year for Three birds (Rural areas) Rs.18,000
nd
2 year for three birds (urban areas) Rs.24,000
Related expenses Rs.16,000

Expected income per trip per year Rs.2,00,000

Estimated Earnings:

Can generate 1, 00,000 PKR/hen.

Huge profits.
Low food requirement.
More profitable than any other Livestock farming.
Low feed to weight ratio: This ratio is 2:1
Leather products:
Ostrich leather is thick, soft and durable. It can be manufactured into a number of
products.It is the most expensive part of an ostrich and it can fetch almost 80 % of the
total revenue earned from an ostrich.
Feathers:
Ostrich feathers are used for cleaning fine machinery and equipment as well as for
decorations and in the fashion industry.
Export:
Due to low labor costs in Pakistan, Ostriches can be exported at a cost lower than the
other ostrich exporting countries.
Ostrich Oil:
Ostrich oil obtained from fats of the ostrich is highly demanded in the cosmetics,
chemical and pharmaceutical industry.
An ostrich farm of 50 birds can earn minimum 10 million rupees per year y selling
chicks for only 3000 PKR/chick.

Return on Investment:

Improved Hatching rate: During incubation the eggs may break and the ostrich may lose
some of the eggs, the hatching percentage is 60 normally, but it can be improved to 95%
by using an incubator.
Good Mortality rate:
Supporting Environment Factors.