Exploring Computer Science

Final Review
Directions: Define the following terms and then answer the question about
the terms. Highlight your answers with a light color!

Define the Internet: a global computer network providing a variety of information and
communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized
communication protocols.
Define Hardware: physical components to a computer
Define Algorithms: a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-
solving operations, especially by a computer
Computer (intelligent machine) behavior is based on (which of the above three)?
Lgorithms

Explain Internet Security: Internet security is defined as a process to create rules

and actions to take to protect against attacks over the Internet. An example of
Internet security is an online system that prevents credit card numbers from being
stolen on a shopping website.
List 3 things that might happen to your computer that indicates your computer
may have some type of internet security concern (messages that might pop up or
computer actions):
1.
2.
3.

Define computational thinker: Computational thinking is the thought processes involved

in formulating a problem and expressing its solution(s) in such a way that a computerhuman
or machinecan effectively carry out.

Define algorithm search: A search algorithm is the step-by-step procedure used to locate
specific data among a collection of data. It is considered a fundamental procedure in
computing. In computer science, when searching for data, the difference between a fast
application and a slower one often lies in the use of the proper search algorithm.
Define Linear search: Linear search, also known as sequential search, is a process that
checks every element in the list sequentially until the desired element is found. The
computational complexity for linear search is O(n), making it generally much less efficient
than binarysearch (O(log n)).
Define Binary search: binary search. (algorithm) Definition: Search a sorted array by
repeatedly dividing the search interval in half. Begin with an interval covering the whole array.
If the value of the searchkey is less than the item in the middle of the interval, narrow the
interval to the lower half.
Define Decimal search: Example: the numbers we use in everyday life
are decimal numbers, because they are based on 10 digits (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9).
 "Decimal number" is often used tomean a number that uses a decimal point followed by
digits that show a value smaller than one. Example: 45.6 (forty-five point six) is a decimal
number.
When comparing items in a sort list or set, what type of search (from the above
list) takes the least amount of comparisons? A-Z

Define Scratch block: Introduced in. 2.0. Define () is a block introduced in Scratch 2.0 with
a unique, Hatblock-like shape that falls under the More Blocks category. It is used
to definecustom blocks.
Thomas creates a simple Scratch assignment. He is able to use 15 Scratch blocks.
Kiarra creates the same assignment and it looks exactly the same, but she used 20
Scratch blocks. What does this scenario indicate? Thomas was more efficient

Define operating system: the software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as
scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals.
List 3 different operating systems:
1. IOS 10
2. Lollypop
3. kitkat
Define application software: Application software can be divided into two general classes:
systems software and applications software.Applications software (also called end-user programs)
include such things as database programs, word processors, Web browsers and spreadsheets.
List 3 different application software:
1. word
2. spreadsheets
3. excel
Define internet browser: Internet Browser - Computer Definition. A software application used to
locate and display Web pages. Two popular Internet browsers are Netscape Navigator and
Microsoft's Internet Explorer. Both of these are classified as graphical browsers; they display both
graphics and text
List 3 different browsers:
1. Google chrome
2. Firefox
3. Internet Explorer
Define search engine: a program that searches for and identifies items in a database that
correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user, used especially for finding particular sites
on the World Wide Web.
List 3 different search engines:
1. bing
2. google
3. yahoo
1. Define hyperlink: a link from a hypertext file or document to another location or file, typically
activated by clicking on a highlighted word or image on the screen.
verb

What are 3 characteristics that most hyperlinks have?

1. Looks like a web address
2. Its blue
 3. You can click on it
Define domain name: the part of a network address that identifies it as belonging to a
particular domain.
List your 3 favorite websites:
1. Cool math games
2. youtube
3. Adidas

How is computer storage measured? megabytes

From smallest to largest, list 6 sizes of storage:
1. byte
2. kilobyte
3. megabyte
4. gigabyte
5. terabyte
6. kilobyte

What is a Word processor used for?

Define graphic:
What is a Database used for?
Define table (in a database):
What is a Spreadsheet used for?
Define chart (in a spreadsheet):
What is a Presentation used for?
Define slide (in a presentation):
Define ePortfolio:

Define binary code:

Go to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qdFmSlFojIw and watch the video. In
your own words, explain how to figure out the binary code for a number.
What are the place values in a binary number system?
List one website that lists the binary code for numbers:
What is the binary code for 10:
What is the binary code for 23:
What is the binary code for 35:
What is the binary code for 99:

What are the steps to the problem solving process?

Define defragment:
Define configure:
Define malware:
Define file compression:
Define debugging:
Define coding:
Define sorting:

Define DNS:
Define LAN:
Define VPN:
Define WAN:

Define freeware
Define shareware:
Define open source:
Define copyrighted:

Insert a header with your name at the left.

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