DOC380

THIS AG ElliE T made in triplicate the

----------------~---------------------------------

BET\ EE :

A. G. LO TG, of' t!.e City of Portlam, in the

State of Oregon, one of' the Unitec States
of A erica (llereinaf'ter called "the . Con-
tractor" )
O:F' TIP' O.E AT

TH ~ CO tPO tA' IO OF NANABIO, (hereinafter

called "the Corporation")
OF THE OTHH PAT

. IEPE.i "' the said Corporation die a ard :to the said
Contractor the contract :for the supplying of to Combination
Chemical Engine and Ilose .. otor Cars, according to the specifi-
cations and guarantees herein referrec to, and marked "A",
the said Contractor having put in a tender theref'or, a copy
of which is hereto ann exec and mared II
,
tt I
1 lch sai tender
' -t;K
as accepted by the Council on the 7- day of April,
one thousand nine hundred and thirteen.
NO\t' TIL S ~ PllESEN'fS IT ~ESS that the said Con-

tractor, for himself', lis heirs, executors and adminstrators,

covenants ith t!e caid Corporation to supply tic said Cortbin-
a tion Chemical Engines and I'ose :Jotot Cars in strict accordance
itl the provisions of' this Agree 1cnt,_.a d. the said s ecificati n
I
am guarantc ( llich are identif'i d by tl1e sign tu e of' tile sairl
' ~
Contractor, a11d are C!C part or this contract as if' cmbocied

herein.) ''
Delivery, f'rcigLt andc stoms duty pai , to be m .d e

at Coltnnb1a, and ship cnt to be Made 'it dn

Contract , subject to delays resulting from ~auscs beyond the

 -2-

control of tle Contractor.

The Corporatio agrees to purc1 se and pay for the

aJ. ore said nro <'rty, deli verecl as aforcsa'i d, t e sum OJ. f lib 1'f0.'2!! .
.3=~~~ SR.-.u.~~z~~-
Terms of' rmyoent to lle a 11 casl ri thin ten , ys after

delivery, satisfactory test and acceptance of' the Co bination

CheLtical Engine and I ose . otor Cars.

I r \'ITNESS HIEnEOF the Contractor he. s h<'Ieunto set his

hand, and the Corporate Seal of the said Corporation has been
M Clo.'tO\
her~to dul y aff'ixed and attested by the ? ee\u., and Clerk tLereof.
 o~~\~n \ PRDPOSAL5A.
fOI\ FUI\NISHING

''

r\OTDR /
FIRE APPARATUS
MANUFACTUI\ED BY

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I,

AMERJrAN-~[~CE fffiE[NfiiNE C
it NC.
ELMI~A,N .Y.

I
I
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 ,
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~PROPOSALGt:t.o~
FOR FURNISHING: .

FIRE APPARATUS
MADE BY

I
Al'\__mtCANk\l~CEfll\EENGINECO: N~
General Office: ELMIRA, N. Y.

1-1 NEW YORK BOSTON

BRANCH SALES OFFICES:

CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO PORTLAND, ORE.

j~ f
ATLANTA DALLAS DENVER CINCINNATI

1~;?
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J~ PROPOSAL-SPECIFICATION -AND CONTRACT

:(j ~ . . .~()~~~}1191 ~
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; -~~. . ~o,==:B- C:-
J4 DEAR SIRS:

"! hereby propose and agree to furnish, after your acceptance of this proposition
It b ~ and the proper execution and approval of the accompanying contract, the following
J..-~ ~ Apparatus and Equipment:

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--E:-u:_"_C._f:_4"-~-~
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r~ ~ ~~d ~1
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J-1 r a11 o f wh'1c h are to b e b ut'1 t m accor ance\ wtt 1 t he spec1'fi catwns
. attac he d , an d
~ t: i which are made a part of this agreement and contract, and to ship same in about
~~~ ,_ :9 Ov - working days after date of receipt and approval of contract
~ ~~ pro erly executed, subj5ft cio delays from ~all causes be
~ ~C) ~ ~
~~'H
Cl1 0
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of"'

E-1 !>a
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rd

/ GUARANTY: We hereby agree that the material and workmanship shall be of

the best character obtainable, and we will, at our own expense, replace such parts as may
fail, if such failure be 'attributable to defective material or inferior workmanship; and we
hereby guarantee the said apparatus and equipment to ' perform efficient duty, accident
excepted, when properly and fairly handled. ~
Respectfully submitted, ~ .....
 C01'dBINATION CHEMICAL ENGINE AND HOSE CAR
70 Horse Power-Four Cylinder Niotor

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

 STANDARD TYPE 10 SPECIFICATIONS

Combination Chemical Engine and Hose Car

Speed-60 Miles per hour. Extinguishers-Two three gallon Babcock fire dept. standard.

Hose Capacity-1200 feet 2Yz inch hose.

Ladders-One 20-ft. extension ladder.
Chemical Cylinder-One 40 gallon capacity. One 12-ft. roof ladder with folding hooks.

Chemical Hose-200 feet % inch chemical hose.

Lanterns-Four fire dept. standard.
Acid Receptacles-Two.
Axe-One fire dept. standard.
Acid Receptacle Holder-One of polished brass.

Gasoline Capacity-28 gallons. Pike Pole-One.

Wheel Base-140% inches.

Crowbar-One of steel held by snaps.
Wheels-Artillery Type.

Lighting System-Two 8-inch Acetylene Gas Reflector Lamps, Tool Box-One.

One 9-inch Searchlight.
Battery Box-One.
Gas Tank and Automatic Lighter.

Locomotive Bell and Hand Operated Siren Horn. Carrying Capacity-Seven men.

All necessary operating and tire tools.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

 COMBINATION CHEMICAL ENGINE AND HOSE CAR
70 Horse Power-Four Cylinder Motor
(Two 35 Gallon Capacity Chemical Tanks.)

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

 STANDARD TYPE 10 SPECIFICATIONS

Combination Chemical Engine and Hose Car

Two 35 Gallon Capacity Chemical Tanks

Speed-60 miles per hour. Extinguishers-Two three gallon Babcock fire dept. standard.

Hose Capacity-1200 feet 272 inch Hose.

Ladders-One 20-ft. extension ladder.
Chemical Cylinder-Two 35 gallon Capacity. One 12-ft. roof ladder with folding hooks.

Chemical Hose-200 feet % inch chemical hose.

Lanterns-Four fire dept. standard.
Acid Receptacles-Four.
Axe-One fire dept. standard.
Acid Receptacle holders-Two, of polished brass.

Gasoline Capacity-28 gallons. Pike Pole-One.

Wheel Base-140% inches.

Crowbar-One of steel held by snaps.
Wheels-Artillery type.
Tool Box-One.
Lighting System-Two 8-inch Acetylene gas reflectorlamps.
One 9-inch Searchlight.
Battery Box-One.
Gas Tank and Automatic Lighter.

Locomotive Bell and Hand Operated Siren Horn. Carrying Capacity-Seven men.

All necessary operating and tire tools.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

Type 10,

AMERICAN=LaFRANCE GASOLINE MOTOR CAR

TYPE "10"

FOUR CYLINDERS, FOUR-CYCLE, CHAIN DRIVE

DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED BY

ELMIRA . N. Y.

SPECIFICATIONS

The motor car is built entirely in our shops and is

designed and constructed especially for heavy service. The design
includes the latest improvements and best practice known in motor-
car construction, embodying the refinement and simplicity in details
and general construction which are essential in producing a success-
ful chassis, ~apable of withstanding the severe strains of hard
service. The material and labor entering into its construction are
of the finest, and in its mechanical features the car combines the
best points known to motor car builders, and anticipates future
developments.

MOTOR The motor, throughout, embodies the very highest standards

of design, workmanship and material. The cylinders are cast
in pairs of the very finest specially selected grey iron, with
offset inlet and exhaust valves on opposite sides, and are
bored and ground, as are the pistons and rings, insuring per-
fect compression . The cylinder dimensions of the type "10",
four-cylinder, four-cycle motor, are 5 1/2 inch bore and 6-inch
stroke, and by the Association of Licensed Autorr.obile
Manufacturers' formula, the motor is rated at 48 horse
power. This rating assumes a piston speed of 1,000 feet per
minute. At a greater piston speed, the motor develops on the
brake an a c tual horse power of 70.
The water passages, integral with the cylinder casting,
are large, and so designed that the cooling water is taken 1n
on the exha ust or hot side of the motor and discharged from
the top over the combustion chamber. The water-jacket covers
on top of the cylinders provide a large space for cooling water~
and form an outlet to radiator. The covers may be readily
removed for inspection of cylinder castings. The large opening
on top of the cylinders gives better facility for supporting
water jacket cores, and insures more perfect castings. It
likewise admits of a thorough cleaning out of core sand from
the water passages. Large valve areas and ample clearance
over valves are features of the design.

CRANK CASE The crank case, an aluminum casting, is made entirely

in one unit and provided with numerous ribs, giving added
strength without excess of weight. It is designed to rest
directly upon and be bolted to the main frames of the car,
doing away with sub-frames. This casting is machined throughout.
from templates and jigs, giving perfect alignment and inter-
changeability. The bottom half, or oil pan, may be readily
removed for inspection of main bearings and connecting rods,
and is arra nged with semi-circular channels to catch any dirt
or foreign matter . Each channel is provided with drain plug,.
to allow withdrawal of dirty oil.
An oil tight extension of the crank case forms a housing
for the half time gears. This arrangement gives quiet running
gears, good lubrication, and very little wear
-1-
 Motor
The motor, throughout, embodies the very highest standards of design, workmanship and mq.terial.
The cylinders are cast in pairs of the finest specially selected grey iron, with offset inlet and exhaust valves on
opposite sides, and are bored and ground, as are the pistons and rings, insuring perfect compression. The
cylinder dimensions of motor are 5 yz-inch bore and 6-inch stroke, and by the Association of Licensed Auto-
mobile Manufacturers' formula, the Type 10-4 cylinder motor is rated at 48 horse power, and the Type
12-6 cylinder motor is rated at 72 horse power. This rating assumes a piston speed of 1,000 feet per minute.
At a greater piston speed, the motor develops on the brake an actual horse power of 70 for the four cylinder
and 100 horse power for the six cylinder.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

THE water passages, integral with the cylinder casting, are large, and so designed that the cooling water
is taken in on the exhaust or hot side of the motor and discharged from the top over the combustion cham-
ber. The water-jacket covers on top of the cylinders provide a large space for cooling water, and form an
outlet to radiator. The covers may be readily removed for inspection of cylinder castings. The large opening
on top of the cylinders gives better facility for supporting water-jacket cores, and insures more perfect castings.
It likewise admits of a thorough cleaning out of core sand from the water passages. Large valve areas and
ample clearance over valves are features of the design.

Actual Horse Power Developed

FOUR CYLINDER MOTOR

Test No. R. P.M. Scale

Weight H.P.
~---

1 800 246 49.2

2 900 238 53.5
3 1000 232 58.
4 1100 224 61.6
5 1200 218 65.4
6 1300 212 68.9
7 1350 209 70.5
8 1400 203 71.
9 1500 192 72.

SIX CYLINDER MOTOR

-
i

R. P.M. Scale
Test No.
Weight
H. P.

1 800 372 74.4

2 900 355.5 79.9
3 1000 346 86.5
4 1100 337.5 92.8
5 1200 324.5 97.3
6 1300 305 99.1
7 1350 306 101.2
8 1400 287 101.4
9 1500 271.5 I 101.8

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

 Crank Case
T HEgiving
crank case, an aluminum casting, is made entirely in one unit and provided with numerous ribs
added strength without excess of weight. It is designed to rest directly upon 'and be bolted to
the main frames of the car, doing away with sub-frames. This casting is machined throughou(from templates
and jigs, giving perfect alignment and interchangeabilty. The bottom half, or oil pan, may be readily removed
for inspection of main bearings and connecting rods, and is arranged with semi-circular channels to catch :any
dirt or foreign matter. Each channel is provided with drain cock, to allow withdrawal of dirty oil.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

 An oil-tight extension of the crank case forms a housing for the half-time gears. This arrangement
grves quiet running gears, good lubrication, and very little wear.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

Type 10.

cast stons are machined to

to take four ston ston
ground t.o the diameter and to
the piston of
hollow steel, hardened
the piston by a locking bolt.
Length ston pin er
l inches.

crank shaft is so
treated, and all accurate
to s The crank shaft and connect bearings
cial bearing metal; large. affording ample bearing surface.
Number of bearings, 3. Length and rear bearings,
4 inches. Length of center b s. Diameter
shaft at bearings, 2 are
with oil as lubrication. crank
with the fly wheel ed, and the we s
of the connecting rods Thus
rec eating parts the motor are
away with vibration excessive wear.
crank shaft dimensions,
to check within one
bear~ngs to be round
one one-thousandth an

Connecting c
ed steel, are s. The
connecting rod is drop
connecting rod are drilled, j

and the cap
is then milled from the connect special ,
which insures all rods be Shims are us
drawing up the cap to a The design and
ions of the and in s manufac-
ture insure it against any poss se.
Length of connect inches.
Diameter of connect inches.

valves have cast- to steel stems.

are
lapped o
site s
valve
are die cast of banka babbit,
steel, turned.
ers allows screw
lock nut.
is obtained. The ers
being held up against the
the lower half
the strike the cam, as
the valve lifter guide,
eventing any partie s
valve stem and valve
er guide, keeping out valve
ers with fo:r
and
Diameter of s.
Diameter of inlet and exhaust s 2 3/4 s
valve inch.
 The Pistons
THEpiston
cast-iron pistons are machined and ground to gauge, and grooved to take four cast-iron piston rings. The
rings are ground to the diameter of the cylinder bore and to the width of the piston ring groove.
The piston pins are of hollow steel, hardened and ground and are held in place in the piston by a locking bolt.
Length of piston-pin bearings, 2 Yz inches; diameter, 1 ~ inches.
AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.
 OfiTffilllTfO'HliiO

Cam Shafts and Gears

CAMBanka
shafts are machined from solid bar with integral cams, hardened and ground to absolute accuracy.
babbitt bearings of generous sizes are used. Size of bearings are as follows:
Length of cam-shaft bearings: front, 3% inches, other bearings, 1 Yz inches; diameter of all bearings, 1 Ys
inches.
The half-time gears are drop forged of special steel, have a face-width of 1 ~~ inches, and the teeth are
of a fine pitch. This gives a very quiet running gear vvith good bearing surface, insuring long wear. The
gears driving the magneto and centrifugal water-pump are located on opposite sides of motor, meshing with
the half-time gears. These are interchangeable and are carried on like shafts supported on two widely-
spaced annular ball-bearings. All gears are enclosed in an oil-tight extension of crank case.
Keyed to the end of the inlet cam shaft is a bevel gear for driving the oil pump, while the exhaust cam
shaft is arranged with a compression relief.
AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.
 FOUR CYLINDER iv!OTOR CRANK SHAFT ASSEMBLY

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

 The Crank Shaft
HE crank shaft is machined from solid billet nickel steel, heat treated, and all bearings are accurately ground
T to size. The crank shaft and connecting-rod bearings are of special bearing metal; large, affording
ample bearing surface. Number of bearings, Type 10-4 cylinder three, Type 12-6 cylinder four. Length of
front and rear bearings, four inches. Length of center bearings, 3 ~ inches. Diameter of shaft at bearings,
2 Ys inches. All bearings are provided with oil grooves, assuring constant lubrication. The crank shaft with
the fly wheel attached is balanced, and the weights of the connecting rods and pistons are uniform. Thus the
reciprocating parts of the motor are truly balanced, doing away with vibration and excessive wear.
All crank-shaft dimensions, except bearings, are required to check within one one-thousandth of an inch,
over or under; bearings to be round and true to size to within one-quarter of one one-thousandth of an inch,
over or under.

Connecting Rods
Connecting rods of drop-forged I-section, special heat-treated steel, are machined in jigs and fixtures.
The connecting-rod cap is drop forged integral with the rod, the connecting-rod ends are drilled, reamed
in jigs and the cap is then milled from the connecting rod in a special fixture, which insures all rods being in-
terchangeable. Shims are used in drawing up the cap to a perfect bearing. The design and proportions of
the rod and the material used in its manufacture insure it against any strains that could possibly arise.
Length of connecting-rod bearings, 3 ~,/'i inches.
Diameter of connecting-rod bearings, 2 Ys inches.

Valves
The valves have cast-iron heads welded to steel stems. Valves are turned, and accurately ground to
same size, and lapped into taper-valve seats. Inlet and exhaust valves on opposite sides of motor, me-
chanically operated. All valves and valve springs interchangeable. The valve-lifter guides are die cast
of banka babbitt, and the valve lifters are of steel, turned, hardened, and ground. The design of the valve
lifters allows provision for adjustment by means of a set-screw with lock nut. By this means a perfect tim-
ing of valve lift is obtained. The lifters are made in two pieces, the top half being held up against the lmver
end of valve stem by a spring, and the lower half riding upon the cam shaft. By this design the strike of the
cam, as it raises the valve, takes place in the valve-lifter guide, giving a quieter running motor and pre-
venting any particles of dirt or grit from lodging between the valve stem and valve-lifter. A copper cap
covers the valve-lifter guide, keeping out dirt or foreign matter. The valve lifters with guides, cap, and spring
are interchangeable for both inlet and exhaust.
Diameter of inlet and exhaust, 3 Ys inches.
Diameter of inlet and exhaust seat, 2% inches.
The valve lift, .S-16 inch.
AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.
Type 10

Cam shafts are machined from solid bar with

cams, hardened and to absolute accuracy. Banka
babbit bearings generous s are used. Size of bearings
are as follows:
Length of camshaft : , 3 3/8 inches,
other bearings, 1 1/2 inches; diameter all
bearings, 1 7/8 inches.
The half time gears are drop of special steel, have
a face width of 1 1/2 inches, and the teeth are of a fine pitch.
This gives a very quiet running gear with od bearing surface,
insuring long wear. The gears driving the magneto and the
centrifugal water-pump are located on e sides .of motor,
meshing with the half time gears. These are carried on like
shafts supported on two widely-spaced annular ball-bearings.
All gears are enclosed in an o ight extension of crank case.
Attached to the end of the inlet cam shaft is a bevel
gear for driving the oil pump, while exhaust cam shaft is.
arranged with a compression relief.
COMPRESSION RELIEF For powerful motors under high com-
press , a compression relief is necessary for starting. This
is accomplished in our type 11 10" motor by shifting the exhaust
cam shaft slightly forward, and o contact with the
exhaust valve lifters a toe ground egral on the cam shaft,
which lifts each valve during compression period of its
respective cylinder, thus valve and allowing some
of the compression mixture to escape. The shifting of the
cam shaft is accomplished by a lever, and after the motor is
started the compression may be immediat thrown in again ..
CARBURETOR The carburetor is of the , automatic
auxiliary air intake, water jacketed. Simple construction,
giving uniform mixture at all motor speeds. The gasoline tank
28 gallons capacity underneath body at rear of chassis feeds
the gasoline under pressure by means an exhaust pressure
regulator and a hand-pump located on dash.
CONTROL The throttle valve is controlled by a hand-lever at steer-
wheel and by foot accelerator Spark advance con-
trolled by lever on steering wheel. both throttle and spark
advance controls, the rods are ted th adjustable ball-and-
socket joints, doing away with any lost motion.
IGNITION High tension jump spark, ch high tension magneto dual
ion system, dual co wi throw switch and start-
ing button mounted on dash. The magneto gear shaft is arranged
with universal couplings, and to magneto it is only
necessary to separate these c by sliding magneto back*
All wiring from coil to magneto is thoroughly protected. The
wiring from magneto to spark plugs is carri a single tee-
shaped tube, insuring perfect ection short circu1t.
The wire connections at the spark plugs have special detachable
terminals which can be sconnect without unscrewing any nuts.
MOTOR LUBRICATION An oil tank of capacity located
between cylinders supplies a me o with sight feeda
and feed regulator, mounted on , itive pump type with
no valves, springs, etc., to out of order, gear driven
from motor, pumping oil to motor crank shaft bearings and to
cam shaft front bearings. Motor also partially splash lubri-
cated. Two level cocks, one on each section of the oil pan,
furnish a means for testing crank case. The
mechanical oiler maintains constant oil level in crank case.
The oil pan is also equipped with four drain plugs for draining
oil entirely from crank case when it is desired to replenish
with a new oil supply. The oil tank has gauge glass and
filling connections on top. The motor-breather pipe runs
-3-
Type 10.

through the tank keeping oil warm while is running.

A positive circulat em with gear-driven

c pump, mounted on motor crank case. The pump body
is of aluminum with die cast white s ller and solid
ckel shaft. The radiator has a large frontal area and is
mounted on the main frames by a ball-and-trunnion support.
aluminum fan driven by an endless belt and arranged with belt
tightener is mounted on annular ball bearings at end
cylinders just back of radiator, also motor fly-wheel.

CLUTCH The clutch of the multiple sc type, ent enclosed

and running in oil, consists of 29 bronze steel wedge-shaped
circumferential grooved plates 8 1/2 inches diameter. The
clutch shaft is prevented from revolving when the clutch is out
of engagement by a small disc brake, adjustable to allow
wear. This allows the easy and noiseless
This desig~ of clutch gives , extreme
bility and smoothness start with
absolutely no slip when fully en the clut and"
transmission driving shaft is a shaft chrome nickel
steel, arranged with universal jo s.

STEERING GEAR The steering gear is non-reversible worm

gear The steering shaft worm ece construc-
tion, machined from solid up-set bar of steel. The
entire mechanism is enclosed in an oil t aluminum case,
and two ball bearings are provided to take the thrust from
the worm shaft. Adjustment of these is provided to
take care of any wear. The gear is drop integral with
its shaft, and the shaft end is squared to take the drop-forged
steering lever. The hand wheel is 18 s diameter,
aluminum, hard rubber covered with serrated ~de edge, giving
a firm grip.

TRANSMISSION Sliding gear, select type, e speeds

one reverse, direct drive on high spe A single operat-
ing lever controls all gear shifts and any ed gears may be
meshed without passing through edso The gear ratio
to give road speeds best suit the s ce. Range from
one to fifty miles per hour.
The gears, shafts, and pinions are all made of chrome
nickel steel, case hardened. shafts are all mdunted on
11
F. & S. 11 annular ball The gears are
broached and have a sliding fit on the bevel
shaft which is splined in a thread machine, hardened
and ground.
An interlock is whi
makes it impossible to move one other is
not in a neutral position.
transmission case is cast piece, ing
both the transmission and is closed at
the top and end by oil tight covers. s cap on top
cover furnishes a ready means of supplying lubricating o
The case is supported at three s. This arrangement pre-
vents any strain in the transmission case, to the weaving
of main frames.
The differential consists of a
pinions made of chrome nickel steel accurat
and hardened. The jack shafts are squared to take the differ-
ential bevels and are supported F. & S. ball bearings.
Adjustment is provided for taking up of wear en the driv-
ing bevel pinion and the large differential bevel gear.

-4-
 Steering Gear
THE steering gear is of the non-
reversible worm and gear type.
The steering shaft and worm of one-
piece construction, machined from
solid upset bar of special steel. The
entire mechanism is enclosed in an
oil-tight aluminum case, and two
ball bearings are provided to take
up the thrust from the worm shaft.
Adjustment of these bearings is
provided to take care of any wear.
The gear is drop-forged integral
with its shaft, and the shaft end
is squared to take the drop-forged
steering lever. The hand-wheel is
18 inches in diameter, aluminum,
hard rub her covered with serrated
inside edge, giving a firm grip.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

 WATER CIRCULATION" PUMP FOR MOTOR COOLING SYSTEM

CLUTCH

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGI!\E CO.

 Transmission
SLIDING gear, selective type, three speeds forward and one reverse, direct drive on high speed. A single
operating lever controls all gear shifts and any speed gears may be meshed without passing through other
speeds. The gear ratio to give road speeds best suited for service. Range from one to fifty miles per hour.
The gears, shafts, and pinions are all made of chrome nickel steel, case hardened. The shafts are
all mounted on "F. & S." annular ball bearings. The sliding gears are broached and have a sliding fit on the
bevel gear driving shaft which is splined in a thread milling machine, hardened and ground.
An interlock is provided for the gear shifting rods which makes it impossible to move one sliding
gear when the other is not in a neutral position.
The transmission case is cast in a single piece, housing both the transmission and the differential.
It is closed at the top and end by oil-tight covers. A screwed cap on top cover furnishes a ready means
of supplying lubricating oil. The case is supported at three points, the front support being a ball and
socket joint. This arrangement prevents any strain in the transmission case, due to the weaving of main
frames.
The differential consists of a system of bevel gears and pinions made of chrome nickel steel forgings
accurately turned and hardened. The jack shafts are squared to take the differential bevels and are sup-
ported by F. & S. ball bearings. Adjustment is provided for taking up of wear between the driving bevel
pinion and the large differential bevel gear.

Gear Ratio
Motor Crank Shaft Revolutions to One Revolution of Road Wheels, Using
23-tooth front sprocket. 41-tooth rear sprocket.
Reverse, 11.88 to 1
First, 8.913 to 1
Second 5.704 to 1
Third, 3.565 to 1

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.
r-.,.,------------------------------- -- -

'.fype 10.

GEAR RATIO Motor crank shaft revolutions to one revolution of

road wheels, using
23-tooth front sprocket. 41-tooth rear sprocket.
Reverse. 11.88 to 1
First, 8.913 to 1
Second, 5.704 to 1
Third, 3.565 to 1
CHAIN DRIVE CONSTRUCTION Double side chains from jack-shaft
sprockets to rear wheel sprockets. The chains are of roller
type, made of special steel and practically noiseless. Pitch
of chain, 1 1/4 inches; diameter of roll, 3/4 inch; width of
roll, 5/8 inch. There are 74 links in a single chain, extra
links furnished. The driving sprockets are made of finest
grade steel drop forgings, and keyed to the jack shafts. The
brake drum and rear sprocket, a single pressed steel forging,
is securely bolted to spokes of rear wheel by 12 bolts. The
radius rods are of steel, supporting the brake cams and pivots,
and are adjustable to take up any stretch in the chain.
BRAKES Foot brake, internal expanding brake in drums attached to,
rear wheels and operated by foot pedal. Emergency brake
operated by hand lever, also expanding rings, against inner
surface of brake drums on rear wheels, provided with notched
sector to lock the brakes in set position when desired. Both
brakes fully equalized. All brakes are designed especially
with a view to hard service and continued use. Adjustment to
provide for wear. Drums, 14 3/8 inches inside diameter;
rings 14 1/4 inches diameter by 2 inch face, covered with
renewable braking surface. Both the emergency and foot brakes
being applied to the drums on the rear wheels eliminates all
strains from the transmission gears and driving mechanism.
It is evident that the braking of a heavy motor car should be
as near the road contact as possible, hence it is better
mechanics to place the braking effort on the rear wheels and
eliminate the strain from the transmission gears. Both foot
and emergency brake rings ac-ting on inside of brake drum,
affording the great advantage of protection against dirt and
water.
Accessible grease cups are provided for the brake cam
shaft bearings and radius rod bearings.
SPRINGS Semi-elliptic front and rear. Front 2 inches wide x 36
inches long; rear 2 1/2 inches x 48 1/2 inches long; to have
ample carrying capacity and to be made of special stock and
designed to stand hard fire service. All spring plates lipped
on both sides to maintain alignment. Shackel bolts to be pro--
vided with patent grease cups.
WHEELS Artillery type, specially selected wood: spokes 2 3/16
inches wide, diameter 38 inches over all, front and rear.
Wheels suitably constructed to withstand the strains incurred.
TIRES Front, single tires 38 inches by 4 l/2 inches, cushion; rear,
dual tires 38 inches x 4 l/2 inches, cushion. All fitted with
clincher demountable rims.
WHEEL BASE From center to center of hubs, 140 3/4 inches.

TRACK OR GAUGE From center to center of tires, front, 62 inches .

From center to center of inside dual tires, rear, 60 l/4 inches ..
From center to center of outside dual tires, rear, 70 3/4 inches.

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 Chain-Drive Construction
OUBLE side chains from jack-shaft sprockets to rear-wheel sprockets. The chains are of roller type, made
D of special steel and practically noiseless. Pitch of chain, 17,:1: inches; diameter of roll, %inch; width of
roll, % inch. There are 7 4 links in a single chain, extra links furnished. The driving sprockets are made
of finest grade steel drop forgings, and keyed to the jack shafts. The brake drum and rear sprocket, a
single-pressed steel forging, is securely bolted to spokes of rear wheel by 12 bolts. The radius rods are of steel,
supporting the brake cams and pivots, and are adjustable to take up any stretch in the chain.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

 Brakes
OOT brake, internal expanding brake in drums attach~d to :ear whee_ls an? operated by foot pedal. Emer-
F gency brake operated by hand lever, also expandmg nngs, agamst mner surface of brake drums on
rear wheels, provided with notched sector to lock the brakes in set position when desired. Both brakes
fully equalized. All brakes are designed especially with a view to hard service and continued use. Ad-
justment to provide for wear. Drums, 14% inches inside diameter; rings, 14n inches diameter by 2-inch
face, covered with raybestos. Both the emergency and foot brakes being applied to the drums on the rear
wheels eliminates all strains from the transmission gears and driving mechanism. It is evident that the
braking of a heavy motor car should be as neat the road contact as possible, hence it is better mechanics
to place the braking effort on the rear wheels and eliminate the strain from the transmission gears. Both
foot and emergency brake rings acting on inside of brake drum, affording the great advantage of pro-
tection against dirt and water.
Accessible grease cups arc provided for the brake cam-shaft bearings and radius rod bearings.

BRAKE DRUM AND SPROCKET Showing Raybestos Covered Brake Rings and Brake Rods Attached to Radius Rod
AMER!CAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.
 Effect of Wide Tread on Center of Gravity

lfl!en Wide !read and .])val lires Ore t/sed When Nqrrow Tread and Si11,f1!e Tires Clre tlsed
 HE wide tread and dual tires have great advantage over the narrow tread with single tires, especially when turning a corner
T at a speed and with a momentum that is bound to take place in the case of fire apparatus. In a heavy car turning a corner
the momentum becomes centrifugal force and this tends to cause two things: first, a skidding of the car, which in the
case of dual tires is better resisted; secondly, a component force, which acting through the center of gravity of the car tends to
overturn it. From this it may be plainly seen that the lower the center of gravity of the car the better this overturning effect
is resisted. This is exactly what the wide tread and the dual tires accomplish.
Considering the sketches, one showing a car with narrow tread and single tires, and the other showing a car with 70% inch
tread and dual tires. It is assumed that the center of gravity of each is the same distance from the ground and that each car is
acted upon by a centrifugal force which tends to turn them to an angle of 15. The force which would prevent the car from over-
turning would be a couple. One force, the weight of the car, acting in a line drawn through the center of gravity of the car
and, in the assumed case, at an angle of 15 with the vertical. While the other force of the couple is the resistance of the road
on the outer wheels, which acts in a line drawn through the center of the tire at the road and at an angle of 15 with the center line
of the car. The intersection of this line with the vertical center line of the car is called the metacenter, and as long as this meta-
center is above the center of gravity the car will not everturn.
By comparing the two sketches it is evident that in the case of the car with wide tread and dual tires this metacenter is
considerably higher from the ground, therefore a greater distance from the center of gravity, and a very much greater force is
necessary to overturn this type of car than one with a narrow tread and single tires.
Finally, the difference in height of the metacentric points in the two cases represents the equivalent position of center of
gravity of the car with wide tread and dual tires below that of the center of gravity of the car with narrow tread and single tires.

AMERICAN LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO. DIAGRAM SHOWING THE SHORT RADIUS POSSIBLE
'.l'ype 10.

AXLES Solid drop forged section,

no welds, especially des d for roller
bearings in all wheels.

FRAME Side and cross members of chrome nickel steel.

seed channel section 38 s wide x 186 3/4 inches
from centre of front spr to rear end.
Side members 5 1/2 inches de s at centre x 6
inches thick.
Spring hangers both front and rear are chrome nickel steel
forgings.

GASOLINE TANK The tank is ted and divided

by wash plates. A large fill spud of the
tank with ease and quickness, and amount of
gasoline in the tank at any time. is forced to
the carburetor by air pressure exhaust
regulator automatically and c motor is
A pressure gauge is located on the dashboard cat
air pressure on the tank and a hand pump is d to
pressure to tank when motor is not The tank
capacity of 28 gallons.

TOOL

Necessary tire tools.

1- No. 24, 2 1/2 ton Barrett automobile jack.
1- No. 1 Ball pein hammer.
1- Improved 10-inch combination iers.
1- Improved 6-inch combination iers.
1- 6-inch screw driver.
1- 4-inch screw driver.

WRENCHES

1- Special valve cap and cylinder plug wr

1- Hub cap and axle nut wrench.
1- No. 2 Adjustable spanner wr
1- Model E. 7-inch adjustable
1- Model 97, 4-inch adjustable wrench.

WRENCHES

1- No. 6 special pin wrench s c re to centre,

1- No. 8 special wrench ( in

. )
s centre to centre,

Pin wrenches finished case

inch
hardened.
.)
A.L.A.M. STANDARD WRENCHES

1- 3/4 inch and 7j8 inch double

1- 5/8 inch and 11/16 inch
"
1- 1/2 inch and 9/16 inch double
1- 3/8 inch and 7/16 inch
1- lj4 inch and 5/16 inch er's
A.L.A.M. wrenches finished case hardened.
1- 3/8 inch cold chisel.

-6-
 Springs
EJ\II-ELLIPTIC front and rear. Front 2 inches wide by 36 inches long; rear 2~/:3 inches by -8Y2 inches
S long; to have ample carrying capacity and to be made of special stock and designed to stand hard fire
service. All spring plates lipped on both sides to maintain alignment. Shackel bolts to be provided
with patent grease cups.
Wheels
Axtillery type, specially selected vvood, spokes 2}6 inches wide, diameter :38 inches over all, front
and rear. \heels suitably constructed to withstand the strains incurred.

Tires
Front, single tires :38 inches by 4Y2 inches, rear, dual tires :38 inches by -Y2 inches, pneumatic or cush-
IOn. AJl fitted with demountable rims.
Wheel Base
From center to center of hubs, Type 10-140% inches; Type 12-1.56% inches.

Track or Gauge
From center to center of tires, front, 62 inches. From center to center of inside dual tires, rear, 60n
inches. From center to center of outside dual tires, rear, 70% inches.

Axles
Solid drop forged 1-section, of Krupp chrome nickel ~tee!, no welds, especially designed for the ser-
vice. Timken roller bearings in all wheels.
 Frame
10~4
S IDE38 inches
and cross members of chrome nickel steel. Pressed channel section Type
wide by 186% inches long, from center of front spring eye to rear end.
cylinder car
Side members 5Y2
inches deep by 5 inches wide at center by l 6 inches thick. Pressed channel section Type 12~6
cylinder car 38 inches wide by 202% inches long, from center of front spring eye to rear end. Side members
6 inches deep by 5 inches wide at center by s'2 inch thick. Spring hangers both front and rear are chrome
nickel steel forgings.

Gasoline Tank
The tank is of heavy copper, riveted and divided by wash plates. A large filling spud permits of filling
the tank with ease and quickness, and gauging the amount of gasoline in the tank at any time. The
gasoline is forced to the carburetor by air pressure supplied by the exhaust pressure regulator automat-
ically and continuously when motor is running. A pressure gauge is located on the footboard indicating the
air pressure on the tank and a hand-pump is provided to supply pressure to tank when motor is not running.
The tank has a capacity of 38 gallons.

AMERICAN-LaFRANCE FIRE ENGINE CO.

Type 10.

ONS
H.. P., A.L.A.M.

cast
Horse
Float-feed , automatic

FUEL SUPPLY Pressure feed--28 gallons

ion c

BATTERY
Hand throttle, accelerator. e c
lever on st wheel.
Force to crank cam
Also partial splash.
of

Honeycomb radiator and c

Belt-driven fan and fan in
TRANSMISSION Sliding select and
one reverse.
Double side chains j s to rear el
sprockets.
ot brake, internal expanding
rear wheels and operated by ot
operated by hand lever expanding e
brake drums on rear els.
140 inches centre to c .
inches centre to , front;
centre to centre , rear;
centre to c of , rear.
Chrome nickel steel, pressed.

Solid drop forged !-section, eel ..

WHEELS Artillery type, spokes 2 s er
s over all, rear.
t rear t s on.
'
Semi-elliptic rear.
 STANDARD EQUIPMENT
FOR COMBINATION CHEMICAL ENGINE AND HOSE MOTOR CAR

It is apparent th&t, in order to manufacture the chassis

desc ri bed in a manner fitting the service, and in order that all
parGs may be a ccurat ely fitted and made interchangeable, certain
standards of manufacture must be maintained, and variations from
the foregoing standards relating to the construction of the chassis
throughout cannot be permitted. Variations, however, in regard to
equipment and accessories can be made to suit the customer, but in
order that a shop standard may be recognized and that a definite
unde rs tanding may be had as to what the standard practice covers
please note the following:
BODY Where siugle tank is used the body will have a capacity of
1200 feet of 21 inch hose; to be strong l y bui lt of steel
throughout, to have a driver's seat with space fo r two men;
also space for two men on the sides of b ody and standing room
for two men on rear step. Where two tanks are required body
will have a capacity of 1000 feet of hose.
STEPS On both sides of chassis and across rear end. Rear s t ep
full width of machine and substantially braced.

MUD GUARDS Mud guards covering both front and rear whe e ls will bo
provided.

CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT

CHEMICAL TANK One (1) 40 gallons capacity. "Champion" type of

best Lake Superi or hammered copper. Ends or heads of tank
polished, body painted.

CHEMICAL H~SE BASKET To have a capacity of 200 feet of i inch

chemical hose; sides of perforated ateel, bottom slat con-
struction. Basket suitab ly mounted over body.
(Auto"ffiet:ti e hsso Ieol will lolo fnrRi:eH:99: if' preferred. j

CHEMICAL HOSE 200 feet of ! inch special 4-p ly chemical hose,

coupled with heavy brass couplings.

SHUT-OFF NOZZLE One (1) eccentric made of heavy bras s, es pec ially
for chemical engine service.

NOZZLE TIPS -Two (2) sizes, t inch and i inch.

HOSE SPANNERS Two (2) for chemical hose.

SODA BAG One (1) of heavy duck.

SODACANISTER One (1) of brass, mounted on side step.

AC ID RECEPTACLES Two (2) with lifters.

BRASS ACID RECEPTACLE HOLDER One (1) suitably placed on step.

FILLING CAP WRENCH

HAND EXTINGUISHERS Two (2) No. 2 Bab c ock.

-8-
 GENERAL EQUIPMENT
/0 clect,- i(.
LIGHTING SYSTEM Two ~-inch gae reflector lamps mounted on brackets
in fron~ of rad~tor.
And one ~-inch ga&t~~archlight mounted on dash.
G-as tank mot:tfl-'t.e.Q- &B-si de s to ;p
All gas lamps lighted and controlled from driver's seat.
Mc:.c. 'n.,.""'~ t ....~ '1 opr e...l' c:.-t~ c.\
LOCOMOTIVE BELL AND ~ SIREN HORN In addition to a locomotive
bell, a distinctive, penetrating siren horn will be furnished .
PLAY PIPE HOLDERS Two hardwood cones for play pipes.
~~
LADDERS One ~-foot solid side extension ladder mounted on side
of body.
One 12-foot roof ladder with folding hooks, mounted on side of
body.
One pike pole.
Ladders and pike pole natural finish, ends painted black.
LANTERNS Four (4) fire department standard lanterns conveniently
mounted.
FIRE AXE One (1) heavy pick back fire department standard.

CROWBAR One (1) of steel, held by snaps.

SPEEDOMETER One (1) Jones, with extra hand registering maximum

speed attaine~ and lock on reset.
TIRE CHAINS One (1) set Weed tire chains.

TOOL BOX One (1) mounted on left side step.

PAINTING The apparatus to be handsomely painted in fine coach

colors. The decorative work is to be artistic in design and
execution, and is to be well grounded and finished with the
best wearing varnishes.
The principal colors used in the work are to be as follows~

Body coach red, A. L. F. E. Co., No~ 124.

Frame English Vermillion, A. L. F. E. Co., No. 7.
Wheels English Vermillion, A. L. F. E. Co., No. 7.

~~~~---~- - - ~ -~. . ~ . ..
W-.. . . : ... .

LETTERING
.
Name .... N.A.N. A l.~\..\t ....... ... ... ..... ..... ... ....On. ~. ~~~.$.~.~.~.. P.f. ..H. .9. .0. ~L..
Number ...N.~..l. .:.. .N .~ . ~- - .... ..... ....... .... ... ... On .. ~Y.\~.\1.. ~.; .<Ag..O
.f.. .~.e.~i/.L

Specification and Guarantee referred to in the Agreement hereto

attached, entered into between A. G. Long of the one Part and the
City of Nanaimo of the other Part, Marked "A" dated the -zq -t:M
day of ~~~ A. D. 1913 .

c.
-9-