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12 DYNAMICS
Ferdinand P. Beer
E. Russell Johnston, Jr. Kinetics of Particles:
Newtons Second Law
Lecture Notes:
J. Walt Oler
Texas Tech University
Fx ma x Fy ma y Fz ma z
Fx mx Fy my Fz mz
y T1 100 kg a A
T2 2940 N - 300 kg a B
2940 N - 300 kg 12 a A
T2 2T1 0
2940 N 150 kg a A 2100 kg a A 0
a A 8.40 m s 2
a B 12 a A 4.20 m s 2
T1 100 kg a A 840 N
T2 2T1 1680 N
2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 - 13
Edition
Seventh
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Sample Problem 12.4
SOLUTION:
The block is constrained to slide down
the wedge. Therefore, their motions are
dependent. Express the acceleration of
block as the acceleration of wedge plus
the acceleration of the block relative to
the wedge.
Fx m B a x m B a A cos 30 a B A :
WB sin 30 WB g a A cos 30 a B
x
A
a B A a A cos 30 g sin 30
Fy m B a y m B a A sin 30 :
N1 WB cos 30 WB g a A sin 30
2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 - 15
Edition
Seventh
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Sample Problem 12.4
Solve for the accelerations.
0.5 N1 W A g a A
N1 WB cos 30 WB g a A sin 30
2W A g a A WB cos 30 WB g a A sin 30
gWB cos 30
aA
2W A WB sin 30
aA
32.2 ft s 2 12 lb cos 30
230 lb 12 lb sin 30
a A 5.07 ft s 2
a B A a A cos 30 g sin 30
a B A 5.07 ft s 2 cos 30 32.2 ft s 2 sin 30
a B A 20.5 ft s 2
an
v2
v an 2 m 16.03 m s 2
v 5.66 m s
2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 - 18
Edition
Seventh
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Sample Problem 12.6
SOLUTION:
The car travels in a horizontal circular
path with a normal component of
acceleration directed toward the center
of the path.The forces acting on the car
are its weight and a normal reaction
from the road surface.
v 64.7 ft s 44.1 mi h
2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 - 20
Edition
Seventh
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Angular Momentum of a Particle
H O r mV moment of momentum or the angular
momentum of the particle about O.
H O is perpendicular to plane containing r and mV
H O rmV sin i j k
rm vq HO x y z
mr 2q mv x mv y mv z
Fr mar mr rq 2
Fq maq mrq 2rq
H O mr 2q
r Fq
d
dt
mr 2q
m r 2q 2rrq
Fq mrq 2rq
or H O mr 2q constant
HO angular momentum
r 2q h
m unit mass
2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 - 23
Edition
Seventh
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Conservation of Angular Momentum
Radius vector OP sweeps infinitesimal area
dA 12 r 2 dq
dA 1 2 dq 1 2
Define 2r 2 r q areal velocity
dt dt
equations of motion for the block. 0 r0
Fr m ar : 0 m r rq 2 vr2 q 02 r 2 r02
where a 12 r0 r1
b r0 r1
GM gR 2 9.81 m s 2 6.37 10 6 m 2
398 1012 m3 s 2
2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 - 36
Edition
Seventh
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Sample Problem 12.9
Determine the maximum altitude by finding r1
at q = 180o.
1 GM 398 1012 m3 s 2 9 1
2 C
65 .3 10
r1 h 2 2 m
70.4 m s
r1 66.7 10 6 m 66700 km
max altitude 66700 - 6370 km 60300 km
2 ab 2 36.8 10 6 m 21.4 10 6 m
h 70.4 109 m 2 s